新人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)第一單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、Unit1Whatsthematter?一咨詢某人患了何種疾病或碰到什么麻煩時(shí)，常用以下句型：1.Whatsthematter（withsb）?2.Whatsthetrouble/problem（withsb）?3.Whatswrong（withsb）?你怎么了？4.Whatsonestrouble/problem？5.Whatsup?6.Whathappenedtosb?7.AreyouOK?8.Isthereanythingwrongwithsb?二表達(dá)身體不適或痛苦時(shí)，常用以下構(gòu)造：1.Sb+have/has+a/an+疾病名稱：haveacold/fever/cough/tempera

2、ture2.Sb+have/hasasore+身體部位：haveasorethroat/back3.Sb+have/has+a+身體部位achehaveatoothache/headache/stomachache/earache/backache4.Sb+hurt(s)+身體部位/oneself;Hehurthisleg.或身體部位+hurts;Myheadhurtsbadly.5.Thereissomethingwrongwithones+身體部位。6.Sb+have/hasapaininones+身體部位三神態(tài)動(dòng)詞should/shouldt的用法：意為應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)當(dāng)見(jiàn)或建后接動(dòng)詞原形，無(wú)人

3、稱和數(shù)的變化。往常表示提出意議，或義務(wù)和責(zé)任，還可表示命令責(zé)怪或要求等語(yǔ)氣;1.Youshouldliedownandrest.2.Youshouldteatsomuchnexttime.3.WhatshouldIdo?4.ShouldIputsomemedicineonit？-Yes,youshould./No,youshouldt.SectionA1.soreadj.痛苦的可作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)Shehasasorethroat/back.Mylegisverysore.2.backn.后邊，反面Hesatatthebackoftheclassroom.adv.回（原處）comeback3.lie

4、躺，臥-lay.lain.lyingliedown躺下說(shuō)謊-lied.lied.lyingYouarelyingtome.n.謊話謊話tellalie/lieslay.-laid.laid.laying產(chǎn)卵下蛋擱置4.rest歇息v./n.Youshouldrestforafewdays.getsomerest=have(take)arest/abreak/breaks歇息一下5.toonessurprise使某人驚訝的是常作插入語(yǔ)，位于句首Tohissurprise,shefailedtheexam.insurprise驚訝地surprising-物Whatsurprisingnews!Su

5、rprised-人besurprisedtodo/besurprisedatsth/besurprisedthat?6.muchtoo+形容詞，太.，toomany+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，太多?toomuch+不行數(shù)名詞，太多?也可做副詞talktoomuch7.enough形容、副詞,足夠的/地，(1)enough+名詞;enoughwater(2)形副+enough;goodenough8.soundlike+名詞代詞和從句：聽(tīng)起來(lái)像Itsoundslikeyoudontknowthetruth.Itsoundslikeagoodidea.Sound(look/feel/taste/smell)+

6、形容詞聽(tīng)起來(lái).eg.Themusicsoundsnice.9.need(1).需要，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞人作主語(yǔ)need+sth，需要某物；need(sb)todosth.需要做某事，(2).物作主語(yǔ)；sthneedsdoing/tobedone;Theroomneedscleaning/tobecleaned.(3)神態(tài)動(dòng)詞,多用于否認(rèn)句或疑問(wèn)句N(xiāo)eedIstayhere?-Yes,youmust./No,youneedt.10.agree贊成，贊成-disagree(反義詞)agreewithsb.贊成某人agreetodo.贊成做某事11.rightaway=rightnow=atonce，意為立刻

7、。12.advice(不行數(shù))建議,建議apieceofadvice一條建議givesb.adviceonsth./takeonesadviceadvise動(dòng)詞advisesb.todosth.建議某人做某事advisedoingsth.建議做某事13.hurt及物動(dòng)詞，使?痛苦，?受傷，Hehurthisleg.Hehurtherfeelings.不及物動(dòng)詞，?（部位）疼。Hisleghurtbadly.14.hit-hit（過(guò)去式）（用手或用具）打；擊打Theboyhitthedogwithastone.hitsb.onthehead/nose/back打某人的頭、鼻子、后背，on用在所打

8、較硬的部位；heface/eye/stomach打某人的臉、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打較軟的部位。當(dāng)名詞用時(shí)；gethitonthehead頭部遇到撞擊15.seesbdoingsth看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事Isawaboyplayingfootballnearmyhome.Seesbdosth看見(jiàn)某人做某事（重申全過(guò)程）Wesawhimcrosstheroad.16.shouttosb向某人喊話shoutatsb沖某人叫喚（貶義）shoutforhelp高聲呼救17.expectsbtodosth期望某人去做某事。18.thinkabout（+doing）考慮thinkof想起，以為thinkove

9、r認(rèn)真考慮thinkup想出19.falldown（+from）摔倒，摔倒fallbehind落伍，跟不上fallinto落入?fallasleep入眠Fallinlovewith愛(ài)上?falloff?從?跌落下來(lái)20.反身代詞myself./yourself/himself/herself/itself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves作同位語(yǔ)；Didyoumakethecakeyourself?做表語(yǔ)Imnotmyselftoday.enjoyoneselfhelponeselfto?byoneselfhurt/cutoneselfteachoneself=l

10、earnsthbyoneself21.trouble(不行數(shù))；煩惱，問(wèn)題beintrouble處于窘境getintotrouble墮入窘境maketrouble制造麻煩havetrouble/difficulties/problems(in)doingsth做.有麻煩做某事有困難22.put?onsth在某物上放?putsomemedicineonthecut(傷口)putabandageonit在它上邊放繃帶23.inthesameway以相同的方式onthewayto在去?的路上intheway擋路outoftheway不再礙事bytheway趁便說(shuō)一下inthisway用這類方法ina

11、way在某種程度上24.getanX-ray拍X光片takeonestemperature量體溫hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的熱茶seeadentist看牙醫(yī)gotoadoctor=gotoseeadoctor=gotothedoctors看醫(yī)生getoff下車(chē)-geton上車(chē)allweekend整個(gè)周末awayfrom遠(yuǎn)離fortoolong太長(zhǎng)時(shí)間onthesideoftheroad在馬路邊withoutthinkingtwice沒(méi)多想getsunburned被曬傷haveaheartproblem居心臟病feelveryhot感覺(jué)很熱t(yī)hanksto多虧,因?yàn)椋?becauseo

12、f=withthehelpof）haveanosebleed流鼻血cuthisknee割傷他的膝蓋putherheadback把她的頭向后仰savealife拯救生命intime實(shí)時(shí)ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)dotherightthing做正確的事gomountainclimbing去登山SectionB1.sickadj.患病的，有病的。作表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。ill只好作表語(yǔ)be/feelsick=beill惡心的Ifeelalittlesick.厭煩的besickofImsickofrunning.2.beusedtosth./doingsth.習(xí)慣于?適應(yīng)做某事?(be=get=become)Heisus

13、edtogettingupearly.beusedtodosth=beusedforsth/doing被用于做某事Woodisusedtomakehouses.Usedtodosth過(guò)去常做某事Heusedtogotoworkbybus.3.takearisk=takerisks冒險(xiǎn)theriskofsth/doing?的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)atrisk在危險(xiǎn)中risktodosth.冒險(xiǎn)去做某事4.inaverydangeroussituation在一種特別危險(xiǎn)的狀況下5.sth.runout某物用完，用盡Whenhiswaterrunout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethi

14、ngtosavehisownlife.sb.runoutofsth.人用盡了某物。Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.6blood血，不行數(shù)。adropofblood一滴血-bloody有血的，出血的getoutof走開(kāi)，從?出來(lái)7.mean-meant動(dòng)詞意思是meandoingsth意味著做某事打算meantodosthImeantogotomorrow.meaning名詞，含義意思。mean形容詞：吝嗇的，吝嗇的Whatdoyoumeanbytheword?=Whatdoesthewordmean?=Whatisthemeaningoftheword?8.the

15、importanceof(doing)sth做某事的重要性Doyouunderstandtheimportanceofstudyinghard?important-unimportant(不)重要的9.free形容詞：安閑的freetime；免費(fèi)的Thedrinkisforfree；自由的Iwanttobecomeafreebird.free【動(dòng)詞】使?解脫，獲得自由：Hecouldnotfreehisarm.10.makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth=makeuponesmingtodosth=determinetodosth下信心做某事11.beincon

16、trolof?掌管，管理Theheadmasterisincontrolofthisnewschool.beoutofcontrol沒(méi)法控制，沒(méi)法管理undercontrol在控制之下12.death名詞（不）-die動(dòng)詞-dead形容詞-dying形容詞：彌留的，臨終的Heisafraidofdeath.Shediedtwoyearsago.Thedogisdead.Itisadyingbird.13.giveup(doing)sth.放棄（做）某事，giveup(playing)computergames/Nevergiveupeasily.14.sothat以便，為的是（當(dāng)主句與從句主語(yǔ)一致是=inorderto=soasto）Heworkedhardsothathecouldsucceed.=?inorderto/soasto?.15.beinterestedin=takeaninterestin對(duì)?感興趣16.keepondoingst