高一英語語法時態(tài)講解及強化復(fù)習(xí)攻略

1、高一英語語法時態(tài)講解一、現(xiàn)在實行時1.表示現(xiàn)在(說話瞬間)正在實行或發(fā)生的動作。例句Heisreadinganewspapernow.動作不一定正在實行)。例句Whatareyoudoingthesedays?3.表示說話人現(xiàn)在對主語的行為表示贊嘆或厭惡等,常與always,constantly,continually等副詞連用。例句Heisalwaysthinkingofothers.4.表示在最近按計劃或安排要實行的動作。常限于go,come,leave,start,arrive等表“移動”、“方向”的詞。例句Heiscomingtoseemenextweek.二、過去實行時1.表示過去某

2、時正在實行的動作。例句HewassleepingwhenMarycametoseehim.2.動詞go,come,leave,arrive,start等的過去實行時常表過去將來時。例句ShesaidshewasgoingtoBeijingthedayaftertomorrow.三、一般現(xiàn)在時1.表示現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或存有的狀態(tài),常與usually,always,sometimes,often,everyday/week/month/year等時間狀語連用。例句Heoftendoeshishomeworkinhisstudy.2.表示主語現(xiàn)在的特征、性格和狀態(tài)。例句Thedictio

3、narybelongstome.3.表示客觀規(guī)律或科學(xué)真理、格言,以及其他不受時間限制的客觀存有。例句Themoongoesaroundthesun.4.在有連詞if,unless,before,assoonas,when,once,however等引導(dǎo)的時間、條件和讓步狀語從句中,用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。例句Ifyouworkhard,youwontfailintheexam.四、一般將來時1.表示將來發(fā)生的動作或存有的狀態(tài),常與表示將來的時間狀語連用。例句Idontknowwhatwillhappeninthefuture.2.常用來表示將來時的結(jié)構(gòu)包括：(1)shall/will+動詞原形：

4、(單純)表將來,一般不用于條件句。(2)begoingto+動詞原形：(計劃)打算做。(3)beaboutto+動詞原形：即將或正要去做某事,通常不與時間狀語連用,但可與when引導(dǎo)的從句連用。(4)beto+動詞原形：預(yù)定要做。(5)bedoing表示按計劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動作,常與go,start,setout,leave,reach,arrive,return,come,move等表位移的動詞連用。五、一般過去時1.表示過去某一時間發(fā)生的動作或存有的狀態(tài)。例句Shewenttothezooyesterday.2.在時間、條件狀語從句中代替過去將來時。例句Hesaidwhenshecame

5、hewouldtellher.六、現(xiàn)在完成時1.表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。例句Haveyouhadyoursupperyet?Yes,Ihavejusthadit.2.常與介詞for,during,in,within,over等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語連用,表示過去的某一行為一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。例句IhaventseenmyEnglishteacherforalongtime.3.表示反復(fù)或習(xí)慣性的動作,常與severaltimes,once,twice,frequently等頻度副詞連用。例句IhavebeentotheUSAseveraltimes.4.表示從過去到現(xiàn)在沒有

6、發(fā)生過的動作。例句Ihaventsweptthefloorforaweek.5.用在時間、條件狀語從句中,表示從句動作先于主句動作完成。例句Illtellhimafteryouhaveleft.6.在“級+名詞”或在“這是第幾次”之后跟定語從句，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時。例句ThisisthethirdtimeIhavebeenthere.ThisisthebestteaIhaveeverdrunk.七、過去完成時1.表示在過去某一時刻以前已經(jīng)開始并一直延續(xù)到這個時刻、或是在此刻前已經(jīng)完成的動作。例句Bytheendoflastterm,wehadlearned1,000Englishwords.2.

7、有些動詞(如：hope,think,expect,mean,intend,suppose,want等)的過去完成時可表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的希望、打算或意圖。例句IhadhopedtoseemoreofBeijing.高一英語語法時態(tài)注意事項動詞時態(tài)應(yīng)注意的幾點1.瞬間性動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在實行時常用來表示將來的動作。例句：Thefilmbeginsinaminute.Myuncleisleavingtomorrowmorning.2.在時間、條件、讓步狀語從句中,常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。例句：EverytimeIlistentothatsong,Illthinkofmyoldfriend.

8、Ifyoudothat,Ishallbeverypleased.Theyllstandbyyouevenifyoudontsucceed.3.一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別：一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時都表示過去所發(fā)生的動作，但現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)這個動作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，如對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響、結(jié)果等，所以它不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用;一般過去時只表示過去的事實，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系,因而它能夠和表示過去的時間狀語連用。如：Haveyoufinishedyourwork?Yes,Ihave.Whendidyoufinishit?Ifinisheditlastsummer.直接引語與間接引語轉(zhuǎn)換時應(yīng)注意的幾個問題：

9、1.人稱的變化2.時態(tài)的變化3.時間狀語的變化4.地點狀語的變化例句：XiaoYisaid,“Iwanttogototheparkthisafternoon.”XiaoYisaid(that)hewantedtogototheparkthatafternoon.Bobsaid,“Wellhaveameetingheretomorrowmorning.”Bobsaid(that)theywouldhaveameetingtherethenextmorning.定語從句中關(guān)系代詞只能用that和不能用that的幾種情況：只能用that的情況1.先行詞是不定代詞。例句：Pleasetellmeeve

10、rythingthathappenedtoyou.2.先行詞被形容詞級、序數(shù)詞或only,last,same,very等修飾。例句：ThisisthemostinterestingmoviethatIhaveeverseen.ThisistheonlybookthatIreadduringthesummerholiday.3.先行詞既包括人又包括物。例句：Shetalkedaboutthewriterandhisworksthatinterestedher.不能用that的情況1.非限制性定語從句中。例句：Hesaidhecouldspeakthreeforeignlanguages,whic

11、hisnottrue.2.先行詞本身是that。例句：Ihavethatwhichyougaveme.3.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。例句：ThepersontowhomItalkedjustnowisTom.現(xiàn)在完成實行時與現(xiàn)在完成時實行的比較：1.強調(diào)動作還未結(jié)束時,多用現(xiàn)在完成實行時;強調(diào)動作的結(jié)果時,多用現(xiàn)在完成時。例句：Ihavebeenpaintingthepaining.(強調(diào)“一直在畫”這個動作)Ihavepaintedthepainting.(強調(diào)“畫完了”這個結(jié)果)2.有些動詞不能用在現(xiàn)在完成實行時中，但可用在現(xiàn)在完成時中。如：have,love,see等。例句：Shehash

12、adacoldforaweek.Theyhavelovedeachotherforthreeyears.Ihaveseenthismovie.-ing形式：1.havingdonehavingdone是非謂語動詞中-ing形式的完成式,而doing則是其一般式,它們都與句中主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,僅僅doing與句中謂語動詞同時發(fā)生或基本上同時發(fā)生;havingdone則表示動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在句中謂語動詞之前。例句Hearingthenews,theygotexcited.(hear和getexcited這兩個動作幾乎同時發(fā)生)Havingarrivedatthetopofmountain,t

13、heytookarest.(arrive發(fā)生在takearest之前)2.動詞后接動詞的-ing形式和不定式有些動詞后既可接動詞的-ing形式也可接todo形式作賓語，但意義有所不同。例如forget/remember/regretdoingsth.表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生;forget/remember/regrettodosth.則表示該動作未發(fā)生。meantodosth.表示“打算做某事”;meandoingsth.表示“意味著做某事”。trytodosth.表示“設(shè)法盡力做某事”;trydoingsth.表示“試著做某事”。stoptodosth.表示“停下來接著做另一件事”;stopdoin

14、gsth.表示“停止做某事”。goontodosth.表示“(做完某事)接著做另一件事”;goondoingsth.表示“繼續(xù)做同一件事”(=goonwithsth.)。canthelptodosth.表示“不能協(xié)助做某事”;canthelpdoingsth.表示“情不自禁地做某事”。3.have/hasbeendoinghave/hasbeendoing是現(xiàn)在完成實行時的構(gòu)成，強調(diào)動作的延續(xù)過程，動作可能還在實行。而have/hasdone是現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成，強調(diào)動作的結(jié)果，該動作通常已經(jīng)結(jié)束。例句Ihavewrittenabook.(動作結(jié)束)Ihavebeenwritingabook.(

15、可能未寫完，側(cè)重最近一直忙于寫書)高一英語語法復(fù)習(xí)試題一、單項填空1.TheheadmastercalledTomtohisofficebecausehehadbeenintheexam.A.caughtcheatingB.caughttocheatC.catchingcheatingD.catchingtocheat2.Thetimeheforthetripisnotsuitableanyofus.A.made;toB.fixed;forC.gave;withD.fixed;to3.Whatdoyouthinkofwhathedidinclass?Whyhediditwasmyimagina

16、tion.A.beyondB.throughC.aboveD.over4.Mywatchisnowheretobefound.IitwhenIwasonthebus.A.mustdropB.canthavedroppedC.havedroppedD.musthavedropped5.MayIspeaktoyourmanagerMr.Williamsatfiveoclocktonight?Imsorry.Mr.Williamstoapartylongbeforethen.A.willhavegoneB.hadgoneC.shouldhavegoneD.hasgone26.Fortypercent

17、ofthepopulationoftheU.Sblack.A.isB.areC.amD.have7.theparty,wewouldneverhavetodayshappiness.A.ButforB.OnlyifC.IfonlyD.If8.Dontleavematchesorcigarettesonthetablewithinoflittlechildren.A.handB.reachC.spaceD.distance9.Heaccidentallyhehadquarreledwithhiswifeandthathehadntbeenhomeforacoupleofweeks.A.letou

18、tB.tookcareC.madesureD.madeout10.Goforapicnicthisweekend,OK?,Ilovegettingclosetonature.A.IcouldntagreemoreB.ImafraidnotC.IbelievenotD.Idontthinkso11.Onnewstoday,therewerereportsofheavysnowinthatarea.A.the;theB.the;不填C.不填;不填D.不填;the12.Itwasapitythatthegreatwriterdiedhisworksunfinished.A.forB.withC.fr

19、omD.of13.Thefinalexaminationiscomingupsoon.Itstimeforustoourstudies.A.getdowntoB.getoutC.getbackforD.getover14.Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists,.A.doctorscametotheirrescuerB.thetallbuildingcollapsedC.anemergencymeasureswastakenD.warningsweregiventotourists15.Theflowerssweetinthegardenattractthevisitor

20、stothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.smell二、完型填空Nomancanchangetheweather.Nobodycancontroltheweather.Butifwe1correctlythesignsarounduswecan2whatthemorechangesintheweatherwillbe.Thiswayoftellingwhattheweatherwillbelikethefollowingdayortwoiscalledweatherforecasting.Formanycenturiesandinallc

21、ountriespeoplehave3theweatherandtriedto4weatherforecasting.Sometimes5objectssuchashillsandtalltreesseemtobeveryclearandnear.Thisisa6ofmuchwatervaporinthe7andthereforerainwillprobablycome.Ringsroundthesunareasignofcomingrain.Manypeoplefeelintheir8thecomingofwetweather.Theirjoints(骨頭節(jié))ache.Somebirdsfl

22、y9asfineweatheriscomingbuttheyflynearthegroundif10orstormyweatheris11theway.Itisprobablybecauseoftheinsectswhichtheyarehunting12theyfly12.Ifyouseearainbowduringrainyweather,thisisasignthattheweatherwillbecomeclearandfine.Such14alwayscomeintheevening.Ifthestars15clearlyatnight,thenfairweatherwill16.I

23、fafogappearsinthemorningjustaboutsunrise,thenthedaywillbewarm.Instead,ifafogappearsintheeveningthenextdaywillbringwet17.Ifthesunsetismostlyredin18thenthefollowingdaywillbefine.Ifarainbowappearsinthemorning,rainyweatherwillprobablycome.Mostofthe19sayingshavebeenmadebypeoplewhohaveusedtheir20,andbrain

24、stomakeweatherforecasting.1.A.seeB.lookC.readD.take2.A.tellB.speakC.talkD.point3.A.studiedB.learnedC.searchedD.researched4.A.doB.makeC.carryD.send5.A.smallB.awayC.nearD.distant6.A.sightB.signC.markD.shape7.A.airB.skyC.heavenD.earth8.A.legsB.armsC.skinsD.bones9.A.highB.lowC.nearD.far10.A.wetB.dryC.ra

25、inyD.sunny11.A.byB.inC.forD.on12.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when13.A.highB.lowC.fastD.slow14.A.asB.rainbowsC.weatherD.day15.A.twinkleB.appearC.brightD.seem16.A.beginB.stopC.continueD.be17.A.dayB.weatherC.hourD.time18.A.edgeB.surfaceC.centerD.color19.A.aboveB.belowC.importantD.interesting20.A.bodiesB.hand

26、sC.eyesD.legs三、閱讀理解(A)Therearethreebranchesofmedicine.Oneiscalled“doctormedicine”,or“scientificmedicine”.Scientificdoctorstrytoobservesicknesses,lookforlogicalpatterns,andthenfindouthowthehumanbodyworks.Fromtheretheyfigureoutwhattreatmentsmaywork.Thiskindofmedicineisbelievedtodatefromthe4thcenturyBC

27、.Althoughnowadaysitissuccessful,intheancientworldthisapproachprobablydidnotcuremanypatients.Asecondkindofmedicineiscalled“naturalcures,”of“folkmedicine,”inwhichlesseducatedpeopletrytocuresicknesseswithvariousherbs.Thesefolkhealersalsouseobservationandlogic,buttheyarenotsoawareofit.Theytrythingsuntil

28、theyfindsomethingthatseemstowork,andthentheykeepingdoingthat.Folkmedicineflourishedlongbeforethedevelopmentofscientificmedicineandwasmoresuccessfulinancienttimesthandoctormedicine.Thethirdkindiscalled“healthsaps,”or“faithhealing.”Sometimesthismaybeassimpleastouchingtheholymanandbeingimmediatelyheale

29、d.Othertimes,amagicianmaymakeyouamagiccharm,orsayaspell,tocureyou.Somereligiousgroupsorganizespecialhealingshrinesforthesick.Intheseplacespeoplerest,getplentyofsleep,eathealthyfood,drinkwaterinsteadofwine,andexerciseinvariousways.Theyalsotalktothepriestsandpraytothegods.Ifyouarefeelingdepressedoryou

30、havebeenworkingtoohard,goingtotheseplacesmaybejusttherightthingtomakeyoufeelbetter.1.Theauthorsprimarypurposeinthistextisto_.A.comparetheeducationalbackgroundofthreedifferenttypesofpatientsB.arguefortheimportanceofmedicineinhealthcareC.describedifferenttypesofmedicineD.showthecrucialrolereligionplay

31、sinmedicaltreatment2.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Naturalcuresworkedbetterthanscientificmedicineinancienttimes.B.Peoplewhopracticefolkmedicineneedlotsofformaleducationonherbs.C.Folkhealerschoosedifferentherbstocurediseaseswithoutanysoundbasis.D.Thesuccessoffolkmedicineled

32、tothedevelopmentofdoctormedicine.3.Doctormedicine.A.hasbeenpracticedforaround1,600yearsB.hasalongerhistorythanfolkmedicineC.wasverysuccessfulincuringsicknessinancienttimesD.basesitstreatmentsonobservationandlogic4.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisnotusedinhealthsaps?A.Magicpower.B.Variousherb

33、s.C.Ahealthylifestyle.D.Religiousfaith.(B)Netlibraryisalibrarythatlendsoutdigitalbooks.Ittreatsadigitalbooklikeapaperbackcopy.Itchargeslibrariesperbookpercopyandgivespublishersacutofthetotalincome.Fromtheconsumerspointofview,thismeansthatifmorethanfivepeoplewantthelatestDaniellesSteelromancenovel,ot

34、herpeoplewhorequestthatbookwillgetamessagesayingthetitleisunavailable.Itsamodelmanypublishersseemtohaveembraced.Morethan350gavethecompanyrightstohandouttheirdigitalworks,andMcGrawHillCorporationandHoughtonMifflinCorporationhaveoutmoneyinthecompany.TheCaliforniapubliclibrariesandabout1,800othersacros

35、stheUSaretryingouttheNetLibraryservices.SomelibrarianscriticizetheNewLibrarymodel.StanfordUniversitylibrarianMichaelKellerarguesthatthecompanyiscreatinganunnaturalfearofdigitalworks,whichiscontrarytotheideasoftheInternet.Kellerandsomeotherlibrariansargueforthee-bookvisionsetforthbyEbrary.Ebraryisstartingaservicethatletsususersreadbooksforfree.Butitwillchargeabout25centsapa