斯佳麗：“舊”時(shí)代的“新”女性

1、斯佳麗：“舊時(shí)代的“新女性abstratthatistsay,“bedifferentisntequaltbedaned.keyrdsrebellius;different;nean摘要這篇文章主要描繪了文學(xué)名著?飄?中的女主人公斯佳麗奧哈拉，她獨(dú)特的個(gè)性，與小說中其別人物的關(guān)系，以及她總是被批判譴責(zé)的原因。斯佳麗不同于其他貴族婦女，她聰明迷人勤勉并且倔強(qiáng)而堅(jiān)決。她共有三次婚姻，槍殺了一名正在家中行竊的北方士兵；后來買下鋸木廠，自己為賣木材而四處奔波，最后公然地賺取了很多錢。在許多紳士還過著貧困潦倒的生活時(shí)，她卻獲得了成功，這是人們認(rèn)為最不能承受的事情。她與眾不同，因此被譴責(zé)，但卻是“舊時(shí)代的

2、“新女性。毫無(wú)疑問，假如斯佳麗生活在當(dāng)今社會(huì)，她會(huì)很幸福，同時(shí)也是我們學(xué)習(xí)的好典范。當(dāng)然，我們不能效仿她的一切；另一方面，當(dāng)今的評(píng)判家應(yīng)該從怎樣在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)生存的角度，來對(duì)她作出全新的評(píng)價(jià)。與眾不同，并不意味著該被批判。關(guān)鍵詞反叛；與眾不同；新女性intrdutinkatiesarletthara,theleadingrlefgneiththeindbyargaretithell,alaysgetsixedreeptin.hever,natterhselfish,indifferentandunningrstrng,ableandleversheisjudgedas,sheisaneaninth

3、eldtie.sarletthara,thedaughterfaellbredsutharlinatherandarihselfadeplanterfather,beautifulandharing,hasanybeaux.butshenly“l(fā)vesashleyilkes,“sinethatdaytyearsaghenashley,nelyhefrhisthreeyearsgrandturineurpe,hadalledtpayhisrespets,shehadlvedhi.itasassipleasthat(argaret,27).atthatday,insarlettseyes,ashl

4、eys“drsygreyeyesideithasileandthesunsbrightinhisblndhairthatitseeedlikeaapfshiningsilver(argaret,27).frthenn,theaurelenashleysheadshiningallalnginherheartuntilshefinallyrealizesthathatshehasreallylvedandpursuedfrsuhlngtieisntashleyhiselfbuttheaurelenhishead.beausefthe“l(fā)vetashley,sarletthas“hatedelan

5、iehailtn,theifefashleyilkes,franyyears.siultaneusly,beausefthe“l(fā)vetashley,sarletthasnegletedandrefusedrhettbutlersgenuinelve.andntuntilelaniesdeathdessherealizehherlsefriend,firpartnerisandhherreallver,stablesupprterisandalshshetrulyandsteadfastlylves.thrughthearandduringtherenstrutinsarlettatsasahe

6、rine.“shesurvivestrialbyfireandhunger(dasn,10).butunliketherepiheres,sarlettlses,sheissesthebestfriendandlstthebesthusbandinherrld.hever,sarlettissarlett,astubbrnanhalayssays,“anyay,trrisantherday(argaret,1011).thisissarlett,rebel,illfulandstubbrn,differentfrtheraristratian;sheisself-nfident,indepen

7、dent,sagaiusandandid.theseharatersakesarlettbesldeduhbyritis,“bedifferentandbedaned(argaret,663).desriptinfsarlettsspeialharatersandstylesbefretheivilar,sarlettlivesinanearlyperfetfaily.agentlether,arihfather,andablakuylkafterherell,andtheyakeherabeautifulbutspiledgirl.nthetherhand,sheslever,diligen

8、t,braveandstubbrn.ingttheseharaters,heratinsakeherveryeleingentleenbutuneleinladies.a.thebakgrundfsarlettsfailysarlettshsherdiffereneattherightpeningfthenvel.shehasa“gentlybredreletherfrtheseaast(jhn,253).ellenhara,hasneverbeenseen“stirredfrheraustereplaiditynrherpersnalappintentsanythingbutperfet,n

9、aterhatthehurfdayrnight(argaret,42).“thereasasteelyqualityunderherstatelygentlenessthataedthehlehusehld(argaret,43).sarlettregardshertheras“sethinghlyandapartfralltherestfhuankindand“theebdientfjustie,truth,lvingtendernessandprfundisdagreatlady.yungsarlett,rsarlettantebellu,antsveryuhteulateellen,bu

10、tinrdertavidissingjysflife,sheillfllherthernlynnditinthat“sedayhensheasarriedtashleyandld,sedayhenshehadtiefrit(argaret,62).nevertheless,ellendesinfluenesarlettuh.nthetherhand,sarlettsfather,geraldhara,alittle,hard-headedandblusteringirishan,isntelleduated,hebelievesthataanhantstberihshuldbestrngand

11、unafraidfrk.andgeraldishardy.“hengeraldantedsething,hegainsitbytakingthestdiretrute(argaret,48).thisnlusinseeedtfitfrsarlett,t.b.sarlettsdifferentattitudestthesiallifeandherhappinessantebelluasfrsarlett,inherfae“eretsharplyblendedthedeliatefeaturefherther,aastaristratffrenhdesent,andtheheavynesfherf

12、lridirishfather(argaret,1).attheagefsixteen,thankstayandellen,“shelkedseet,haringandgiddy,butsheas,inreality,self-illed,vainandbstinate.shehadtheeasilystirredpassinsfheririshfatherandnthingexeptthethinnestveneerfherthersunselfishandfrbearingnature(argaret,61).sheishighhearted,vivaiusandharing,differ

13、entfrtherladieselegane.sheisbeautifulthatshehasadealstalltheyungenintheneighbrhdurther;shehashernviethatshealaystriesherbesttgainhatsheantsashley,rtara,thenrhett.sheillneverkn,andsheuldbepleasedbutunbelievingifshehasbeentld,thathernpersnality,frighteninglyvitalthughitas,asreattrativethananyasquerade

14、sheightadpt.beause“theivilizatinfhihsheasapartuldhavebeenunbelievingt,fratntie,befrersine,hadslapreiubeenplaednfeininenaturalness(argaret,82).undubtedly,sheisdifferent,andbeausefthisdifferenes,sarlettisdestinedtbedaned“ngirlintheunty,reallylikedsarlett(argaret,87).sarlettsrebelliusativitiesinatlanta

15、duringtheivilarthenestheivilar.afterheripulse(arryharleshailtnt“retaliateashleyilkesarriagetelaniehailtn)sarlettissnided,therdisay,therhdflls.fursesarlettanntfellntentedinheridlife,shestillantstdane,laughandbeurtedassarletthara,ntsarletthailtn.ands,iththehelpfrhettbutler,sarlettbeginstsearhfrantherp

16、aradiseinherlife.hensheisstillinurning,sarlett“tssedherheadandspedutfbthd.sarlettspursuitffreedandhappinessnehleyearafterharleshailtnsdeath,sarlettispartlyliberated.despiteearingurning,sheisbakagainhereshehasbeenbefreshearriesharles,asifsheeresarlettharaagain,thebelleftheunty.arelessfthedisapprvalft

17、hers,“shebehavedasshehadbehavedbefreherarriageenttparties,daned,entridingithsldiers,flirted(argaret,215).lifeisstillattrative,likesheis.sheenjyshernral-likelifeagain.she,sarlett,energetiandaniated,hanshebedefinedfrever?uhless,theanshearriedhasnevergainedherlveatall!sthatsarlett,hisillingt,anddestine

18、dt,pursueapassinallife.bviusly,sheisdifferent,andstillissldedfrbeingdifferentfrthesialde.hever,indernsiety,nnehastherightfbstrutingaidedladyfrpursuinghappiness,espeiallyrearriage.sarlettsetin,asthehristasseasnf1863ing,issurgedupbeauseashleyilkesillehenfurlugh.hensarlettlksatashley,she“kneherfeelingf

19、thatlng-pastnighterethsefaspiledhildthartedfaty(argaret,259).butunfrtunately,shestilllksupnherfeelingtashleyas“l(fā)ve,evenrethanbefre.ardingtsuhdeepfeeling,rlve,atleastshethinkss,sarlettprisesashleythatsheilllkafterelaniefrhi.e.sarlettsbraveryandstubbrnnessntlnglaterashleygesbakttea,heisaptured.eanhile

20、,elaniefindsherselfpregnant.asthebattlefieldsituatingetsrse,theresidentsfatlantabegintfleeaay.saeasthethers,sarlettantstgbakttara,t.butelaniesdangerushealthnditinretainsheratatlantatapany,prtetandhelpher.riginally,sarlettfearsyankees,fearsbbsandissestara,espeiallyhertherterribly.shehasplannedtleavet

21、tara,buthenelaniereferstherprisetashley,andpraisesherfrherbraveryandsturdiness,andbegshertstaythere,sarlettnds.thenduringthesiege,hsedays,sheanleaveelanieiththeradasandsheherselfgesbakheithhersn.infat,sarlettdesthinkitver,butbeausefvarius

22、reasns,thehiefnefhihisherprisetashleythatsheilltakearefelaniefrhi,shestaysithelanie,hsetieisapprahingduringtheshelling.isitakindfflishhivalry?ertainlynt!itisthekindheartedaspetfhernature.thatistsay,sarletthasntnlybraveryandstubbrnness,butalssensefrespnsibilityinherharaters.thistie,sheisstilldifferen

23、t,butthisisthenlytiesheisntsldedfrthedifferene.aybeitisbeausesheisnursingagenerallyaknledgedladyelanie.snesthefirst“theendftherldinsarlettslife.thatsasultryday,frtheveryrninghassheknnthatelaniespainsaregettingharderandshesurelyillhaveahardtie.atthiseergentent,thedtranntebeausehehastdealithhundredsfu

24、ndedsldiers.andatthatverynastyday,theyankeesilltaketheityinntie.nevertheless,therstthingis,shehastfaethereality,sheilldeliverthebabybyherself!tillthenightfalls,sarlettsueedsthaveelaniesbabybathedthefirsttie.elaniet,sueedstfallasleep.“nthattheexruiatingrdealfhelpingelaniethrughhildbirthisver,sarleets

25、selfntrlllapses.fearverhelsher,turnsherintahysterialhildhants“tburyherheadinhertherslap.ifnlysheashe!heithther(blanhe,7).againiththehelpfrhettandhishardearnedstlenhrse,sarlettisledthrughtheburningityandthedangerusuntrysideuntilsheangnsafelyalneatleastinrhettsvieshean.therestdistaneislightless,bupyan

26、dendlessther,andthereightbenrthandsuthariesnherayhe.duetherbraveryandstubbrnnessneagain,afteradayandnightspainfuljurney,sarlettandthers,safelyarrivesattara,herhe.f.sarlettsisdanddiligeneintherenstrutinutfsarlettsexpetatin,thereterribledisasterursellenhara,hergentle,aiablether,hasdied;herfatherhastur

27、nedtaterriblyldanithshizphrenia.nheislikeahild,nlngerastrngan,thebakbneftara.bthfhersistersareillinbed;slaveshaverunaay,ithnlythreedarkiesstillreaining.therereainsntenughfd,andalltheirttnhasbeenburnttashes.eanhile,theirltfnfederateashbeesrthless.thestiprtantisthatshe,sarlettthailtn,illntinuetarryher

28、burdens.thelngradfratlantattarahasended,“inablakall,theradthatastendinellensars(argaret,409).neveragainansarlettliedn,asahild,seurebeneathherfathersrfiththeprtetinfhertherslverappedabutherlikeaneiderdnquilt.“thereasnseurityrheaventhihsheuldturnn(argaret,411).thenextrningsarlettfreshertendurebdysstif

29、fnessandsre,henegresgardenpathesfilkesplantatin,sheislikeddnbyhungerandtiredness.henshearisesatlastandseesagaintheblakruinsftheplantatin,herheadisraisedhighandsethingthatis“yuthandbeautyandptentialtendernesshasgneutfherfaefrever.thelazyluxuryfthelddaysisgne,nevertreturn.“thereas

30、ngingbakandsheasgingfrardthrughutthesuthfrfiftyyearsthereuldbebittereyedanhlkedbakardbutsarlettasnevertlkbakatthatenthungergrsathereptystahagainandsarlettsaysalud:“asgdisyitness.theyankeesarentgingtlike.igingtlivethrughthis,andhenitsverinevergingtbehungeragain.n,nranyfyflks.ifihavetstealrkillasgdisy

31、itness,inevergingtbehungeragain(argaret,419).thisisherdauntlessness.hatanannuneentfstruggle!indeeditisadaythatisrthyfelebratin.thatsyblizesthebirthfapletelynean,aherineintheldtie.frthenn,theshellfhardness,hihhasbeguntfrabutherhearthensheliesintheslavegarden,issllythikening.sarlett,hisreadvanedthanth

32、ers,firstlyrealizesthatherthersrderedrldisgneandabrutalrldhastakenitsplae.“shesees,rshethinkssheseesthathertherhasbeenrng,andshehangessiftlyteetthisnerldfrhihsheisntprepared(argaret,425).thisisherpereptivity.bthfsarlettstsistersandtheslavesallrefuse,rdntdare,tfaethereality.elanie,hanfaethesituatin,b

33、utnlyenduresandsufferspassively,andsheisntillingt,rannt,struggleagainstthebadlukpsitivelyandenergetially.thatistsay,neagain,sarlettisdifferentandplainedbyeveryneexeptelaniehydesshebeesl,shilly?asfrherurageandfieriness,sarlettkillsathievingyankeessldier,iperturbablyanddeterinatelyrightbefretheyankees

34、sht.suhanatisassritiizedbytheritis,theyauseherfbrutalityandurderer.theyndenherlivingbyhkrbyrk,ntlikeafairlady.butatually,shenly“deshatundertheirustanesustbedneifsheistsurvived(.j,109).indernsiety,thatisalled“l(fā)egitiatedefense,(argaret,431).ithsarlettsisdanddiligene,thetaraansurelyfferabetterandbetter

35、lifeifthereerentthetaxatinaffair.then,inrdertraiseney,sarletthastgtatlantatdrpnrhett,“beingaereaninasietythatisbankruptandstilldinatedbyenhareeitherstupidridealistiandinanyaseineffetualsarlettustusethenlyeansavailabletherfrsavingthefailyplantatin:sex(argaret,528).unfrtunately,althughshehasplannedtsa

36、rifieherselftrhett,shefails,frrhettisinprisn.butinanyasesheillntgiveuptara,andherflks.“sheillseduehersistersfianinrdertgethisery(.j,108)ifhersisterisalittlelessselfishthanher,sarlettillneednttarrysuhanldan.afterall,shevitiizesherself.(argaret,663).byn,ekn,perhapsnlypartly,thereasnhysheisdifferentand

37、daned.g.sarlettsseretfsurvivalnlygrandafntaine,“givessarlettthefrulafrsurvivalandsuppliestheratinalfrsarlettstth-and-fangdefrality(.j,109):“eplayalngithlesserflksandetalkhateangetfrthe,andhenearestrngenugh,ekiktheneksftheflkshseneksevelibedver.that,yhild,istheseretfsurvival(argaret,701).sarlett,t,re

38、fusestbenefthelesserflks,sheantsntnlytsurvivebutalsprevailandilluseanyeansathandtgainherends.andsarlettinstheenibattleatlast,thughshelsesthebattlefheart(.j,110).sarlettstragedylinesinher“inabilitytunderstandtheeaningfbeingalady(elizabeth,399).therelatinbeteensarlettandtheriprtantharaterssurely,sarle

39、ttisthesulfigureinthenvel,hever,thereareanytheriprtantrlesapanyher.angthe,rhettbutlerissarlettsgenuinelver,elanieishertruefriend,andashleyatuallyisherillusin.a.sarlettandrhettbutlerafterthebirthfhersendhild,sarlettlseshersendhusband,t.thenshearriesrhettbutler,hshe“hatesuh,andherneighbrhdhatethrughly

40、.naturally,sheisritiizedterribly.buttthelsefthenvel,shelseshihenshefinallyfindsthathuhshedependsnhiandlveshi“sheusthavelvedrhettallalng,asanadultlves,ntasagirllves(dasn,10).rhettbutler,argue,sarlettsaleunterpart,arenegadearistratriginallyfrharlestn,asreprehensibleassarlettinrals,butuhhersuperirbyrea

41、snfhisrantiallyynialintelligene(jhn,253).“heneversarlettsguptinfails,hensheneedsney,resue,nslatin,rhallenge,rhettbutlerappearsheissperfulthatsarlettevenantstbeaanasstrngashi.ithrhettbesideher,shedesntfearanything.aseallkn,sarlettlvesrhettfrhissagaity,fatualis,andusularity.rethanshelveshi,rhettfallsi

42、nlveithsarlettthefirsttiehesaher.butheknsher,atleasthethinkss,sheis“sbrutaltthsehlveyu,sarlett.yutaketheirlveandhlditvertheirheadslikeahip(argaret,1003).heisillingt,indeedhedes,anddeverythingfrherexepttellingherhelvesher.hesupprtsherandridiulesher,helpsherandleavesher.perhapsrhettreallyknssarlettsre

43、nsharatersuh,hever,hedesntkn,rfailstgrasp,sarlettsheart.asflishassarlettis,rhettbelievesthatherheartbelngstashleyilkes,alaysandfrever.healsdesntrealizethatashleyis“ayunggirlsdreaftheperfetknight.(flyd,97).(hereeansbefreelaniesdeath).(argaret,1004).rhetttellssarlettthisaftersheaditsthatheriagefashley

44、hasbeenalittlegirlsillusin.indisardingtheillusin,theiagefrthepast,sarlettdisardspletelyhergirlhd;shebeesanadult,thepinttardhihthenvelhasbeenving.andbythetieshehasbeenanadult,sarlettalslsesrhett.rhettanted,intherrds,“tbetheaster.,thefatherfthehild-an,allingherthebenevlenefhispaternity(dasn,17).inthef

45、inalsenebeteentadults“thisasthefirsttiehehadevertalkedtherinthisanner,asnehuanbeingtanther,talkedastherpepletalked,ithutflippany,keryrriddles(argaret,1003),inthisfinalsene,sarlettatures,elaniesdeathburiestheldpatternfbehavir(likeshehasdne).tiehasbrughthangesthatallfrnedesfbehavir.thefealeparent,thel

46、drderhaspassedaay.sarlett,thean,isfreetexerthernvitalself;sheiseanipated(gratifyingrlaentable?).“andnlypletelysafterrhettleaves(dasn,17).ardingtthis,rhettsleavingisntsad,eshuld,instead,bepleased.“hesgttgaslngasshefeelsthatsarlettshuldhavereainedahild.hisleavingisntaaskfstrength,butfeaknessandfblindn

47、ess,theblindnessthattraditinhasprdued(dasn,18).b.sarlettandelanieelanieisintrduedas“atiny,fraillybuiltgirl,hgavetheappearanefahildasqueradinginherthersenrushpskirts(argaret,102).shereainsafrailgirl,herbreastsundevelped,herbdyunabletdeliverahild;andyetshetherseveryne,takingarefthsehstensiblyprtethera

48、shley,sarlett,andrhett(blanhe,9).“sheislikether,sarlettthinksaselanieliesdying,anvenienttiefrunelerelatins:“everynehkneherhaslungtherskirts(argaret,988).butitisthisquiet,pliableanddeliateelaniehistheterfstrengthfsarlett.ithelanie,thereisthestrengthupnhihsarletthasreliedunkningfrsanyyears.elanie“isth

49、enlyanfriendsarletteverhas,“thenlyanexepttherhreallylvedsarlett(argaret,988).elanie“hadalaysbeentherebesideherithasrdinherhands,unbtrusiveashernshad,lvingher,fightingfrherithblindpassinatelyalty,fightingyankees,fire,hunger,pverty,publipininandevenherbelvedbldkin(argaret,988).elanieisthenlynehneverri

50、tiizessarlettsbeingdifferentfrsheknsthatnlypeplelikesarlettansurvive.hatapitythatsheanntfllsarlett!thereasnisthatelaniebelngsttheldrder.she,furse,is“theidealfsuthernfeininegraiusness,thegreatladypersnifiedasisellenhara,sarlettsther;butthereisatughnessinherthatissurprising.itissheh,thughaystarve,annt

51、priseherpriniples(rberty,144).sarlettandashleyashleyilkes,thelastharatertbedisussed,hasbeensarlettslvershehasdreaedfranyyears.thesaeassarlett,hethinksthathelvessarlett,t.hethinkshelvesherfrsheis“sfineandstrngandgd,sbeautiful,ntjustherseetfae,butallfher,herbdyandherindandhersul(argaret,270).heeventel

52、lsher“ilveyu,yururageandyurstubbrnnessandyurfineandyurutterruthlessness.huhdilveyu?suhthataentagiuldhaveutragedthehspitalityfthehusehihhasshelteredeandyfaily,frgttenthebestifeanyaneverhad,enughttakeyuhereintheudlikea.(argaret,520).alshileelanieisdyinghefinallyrealizesthathislveriselanie.isntthattlat

53、e?nlusinbthashleyandelanieareanahrnissastheresultfthedisruptinfthear(dasn,14).theldrder,thelifeftraditinis,furse,representedinthe.theilkesesarebkrs,theyalayssendfffrbksfpetry,takeeurpeanturs,andarrytheirusins.theirplantatin,telveaks,iseverythingrantiistsuldliketbelieveabuttheldsuth.nesee,sarlettandrhett,