Unit4Publictranspor-reading（共93張）（區(qū)一等獎(jiǎng)）

1、ReadingThe first underground in the worldCan you explain the word “transport”?Transport is a system built to carry people or goods to another place using vehicles, boats or airplanes.How many means of transportation in former times do you know?Discussion Rickshaw Sedan-chairs Boat Carriage How many

2、means of transportation in modern times do you know? on wheelsWith the development of science and technology, we travel on bikes, in cars, in trains or in planes. In a word, we move from place to place on wheels.bicyclemotorbikehelicopterHot air balloon carferrytramtaxiReadingThe first underground i

3、n the worldSkim the text and find the general idea of the passage. This article is a tourist brochure about how the London Underground developed. When was the first underground system opened?2. What did Charles Holden do?In 1863.He designed the most famous of the new stations constructed between 191

4、8 and 1938.It was important because it linked with other lines at almost every station, helping make the system more user-friendly.3. Why was the Victoria Line important?Structure analyzingPart ParagraphsPart 1Part 2Part 3Part 4Paragraph 1Paragraphs 2-4Paragraph 5Paragraphs 6-7The main ideas of the

5、four partsPart 1Part 2Part 3Part 4The main ideas of the four partsPart 1Reasons why the first underground in the world was developed.Part 2Part 3Part 4The main ideas of the four partsPart 1Reasons why the first underground in the world was developed.Part 2Developments of the first underground.Part 3

6、Part 4The main ideas of the four partsPart 1Reasons why the first underground in the world was developed.Part 2Developments of the first underground.Part 3Some unusual uses of the first underground during World War.Part 4The main ideas of the four partsPart 1Reasons why the first underground in the

7、world was developed.Part 2Developments of the first underground.Part 3Some unusual uses of the first underground during World War.Part 4Enlargement and popularity of the first underground system. Reading strategyHow to read a tourist brochure 1 a brief history of the development 2 an invitation or e

8、ncouragement Underline the time clues in the text quickly. Remember the details of each time clue as quickly as you can. ScanningDate Event 185418631868Development of the LU system.Date Event 185418631868An underground railway was approved to be built by the British government.Development of the LU

9、system.Date Event 185418631868An underground railway was approved to be built by the British government.The first tunnels were opened.Development of the LU system.Date Event 185418631868An underground railway was approved to be built by the British government.The first tunnels were opened.The next s

10、ection of the underground system was opened in the south of London.Development of the LU system.DateEvent1884189019331918-19381979DateEvent1884189019331918-19381979Two companies linked up to provide underground service in the middle of the city. The first railway tunnel under the River Thames was du

11、g.DateEvent1884189019331918-19381979Two companies linked up to provide underground service in the middle of the city. The first railway tunnel under the River Thames was dug.The first electric underground railway was opened.DateEvent1884189019331918-19381979Two companies linked up to provide undergr

12、ound service in the middle of the city. The first railway tunnel under the River Thames was dug.The first electric underground railway was opened.The London Passenger Transport Board was created.DateEvent1884189019331918-19381979Two companies linked up to provide underground service in the middle of

13、 the city. The first railway tunnel under the River Thames was dug.The first electric underground railway was opened.The London Passenger Transport Board was created.Many new stations were constructed.DateEvent1884189019331918-19381979Two companies linked up to provide underground service in the mid

14、dle of the city. The first railway tunnel under the River Thames was dug.The first electric underground railway was opened.The London Passenger Transport Board was created.Many new stations were constructed.The Jubilee Line was opened.1. Why was the underground system developed in London?Most railwa

15、y tracks did not go into the London city centre, so buses, trams, cabs, and carriages were required. The number of vehicles on the road caused unbelievable traffic jams. So the underground system was developed in London.Read again and answer the following questions.2. What was the London Underground

16、 like in 1863?The tunnels were just beneath the surface of the ground. The carriages did not have windows and were pulled by steam engines through the narrow tunnels.3. What did Charles Yerkes do to improve the underground system?He obtained ownership of the many different lines and set up the Under

17、ground Electric Railways Company of London. 4. What unusual uses did the tube have during World War II ?During World War II, the tube was used as a bomb shelter, an airplane factory, a centre for directing the defence against air attacks and meeting rooms for the government administration.5. What ha

18、ppened to the London Underground after World War II?After World War II, the underground system was enlarged and more lines were added because more people travelled on the underground.6. What does it mean when the brochure says that the underground system is user-friendly?It means that it is very con

19、venient for passengers to go to different places in the city from any station.Charles Henry HoldenCharles Henry Holden (1875 1960) was a Bolton-born English architect best known for designing many London Underground stations during the 1920s and 1930s, for Bristol Central Library, the Underground El

20、ectric Railways Company of Londons headquarters at 55 Broadway and for the University of Londons Senate House. 55 Broadway is a listed building overlooking St. Jamess Park in LondonSouth Wimbledon station, one of the stations for the extension of the City and South London RailwaySubway Town StationA

21、rnos Grove StationSouthgate StationLanguage focusThe first underground in the worldWhat information did you get about the London Underground from the text?reasons developmentunusual functions/usesexpansion & popularityTranslate the words or phrases into Chinese. rail services the first half of the 1

22、9th century horse-drawn bus convey to traffic jam lead to give approval to鐵路運(yùn)輸19世紀(jì)上半葉 馬拉車將運(yùn)往/送往(某地)交通阻塞導(dǎo)致，引起批準(zhǔn)Translate the words or phrases into Chinese. a large amount of money beneath the surface of groundpull through link up provide service at regular intervals一大筆錢 地表下面穿過(使)連接/結(jié)合/合并提供服務(wù) 每隔一定時(shí)間Tr

23、anslate the words or phrases into Chinese. get fresh air accelerate the pace ofover the next twenty years far fromobtain ownership of set up呼吸新鮮空氣 加快的步伐 在接下來的二十年里遠(yuǎn)離 獲得的所有權(quán)建立Translate the words or phrases into Chinese. place under the authority of function as be used as air attacks travel on the unde

24、rground in honour of讓受的管轄起的作用被用做空襲乘坐地鐵為紀(jì)念/為慶祝as:L 1L26L31L45L56Child as he is, he has known a lot.As is known to us all, being diligent and perseverant can contribute to success.As it was getting late, I turned around to start for home. However, most trains to London only went to the outer city limi

25、ts, because building railway tracks into the city would have damaged many old buildings.句中building railway tracks into the city 是動(dòng)名詞短語，在because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句中作主語。 該從句中使用的是虛擬語氣，意思相當(dāng)于if railway tracks had been built into the city, they would have damaged many old buildings.L6 Horse-drawn buses, trams, cabs

26、 and carriages were used to convey people to and around the city center. convey v. 運(yùn)送，輸送，表達(dá)In the desert areas, camels are used to convey goods.Its hard to convey his feelings in word. convey to 將運(yùn)往/送往 (某地); 把傳達(dá)給(某人) We dont know what ideas the director, Zhang Yimou, wants to _ to the audience of th

27、e world through the ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. A. deliver B. carry C. convey D. transport答案 C L14 However, new trains had to be developed and the plan required raising a large amount of money, so the digging was postponed until 1860. require v. 要求、命令1) This game requires a minimum o

28、f three players.2) Napoleon required every soldier to obey his orders.3) Its required that everyone (should) be present on time. require sth. 需要某事物 require sb. to do sth. (sb. be required to do sth.) 要求某人做某事 require that sb. (should) do sth. 要求某人應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事 requirement n. 要求；需要； 必要條件 meet the requirements

29、 滿足要求 【用法點(diǎn)撥】 require doing require to be done (當(dāng)句中主語為require后面動(dòng)詞的邏輯賓語時(shí)，動(dòng)詞有兩種形式：動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)式doing；不定式用被動(dòng)式to be done。有這樣用法的動(dòng)詞還有need, want等。) 1) Before entering the cinema, all the people were required _ their tickets. A. showing B. to be showed C. to showing D. to show 2) Mr. Green talked with his woman se

30、cretary and required that she _ the new plan secret. A. kept B. keep C. would keep D. keeps DB3) The woman told the workers her house _. Arequired to paint Brequired painting Crequired being painted Drequires to be painted B a large amount of 大量的 ( = large amounts of后接不可數(shù)名詞)A large amount of money i

31、s spent on advertisements every year.A large amount of time and energy was used to do the report.Because of _ mail we receive, we may not be able to reply to your letter. Please remember to include your full name with your letter.A. a great many of B. a large number ofC. the large amount of D. a gre

32、at plenty of解析：考查表示數(shù)量的短語。句意表示“由于我們收到郵件數(shù)量很多”，mail為不可數(shù)名詞，故選C。CThe number of the students in our school _ about 3000 and _ them study hard. A. is; a large amount of B. are; a number of C. are; large amount of D. is; a large number of【解析】the number of 指“的數(shù)” , 做主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；a number of (許多，大量)做主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)

33、形式。a large amount of (許多，大量)通常修飾不可數(shù)名詞。句意：我們學(xué)校里的學(xué)生的數(shù)量大約是 3000，他們中有很多人學(xué)習(xí)都很努力。D1) They have decided _ _ for some time. 他們決定推遲一段時(shí)間再開會(huì)。 2) We had to _ because our children were ill. 因?yàn)槲覀兊暮⒆由×?，所以我們不得不推遲去法國。 to postpone holding the meeting postpone going to France postpone v. 推遲，延期3) Lets postpone_ a deci

34、sion until we have more information. A. to make B. making C. made D. make 4) 音樂會(huì)延遲到星期六。(postpone)BThe concert has been postponed to Saturday.L17 Passengers were transported in carriages without windows, which were pulled through the narrow tunnels by steam engines.pull through 恢復(fù)健康；完成，做成（十分困難的事）He w

35、ill pull through his illness soon. Its going to be tough but well pull through it together. The boss wishes that his sick outstanding manager could _ and come back to work as soon as possible. A. pull through B. put through C. go through D. look through 【解析】 pull through”康復(fù)”; put through”完成”; go thr

36、ough”通過”; look through”瀏覽; 審核”。A We hope that she will _ soon. returns back B. reach to home C. reach for D. pull through 解析： pull through 度過難關(guān)Dgo through 經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受；瀏覽；檢查；通過；用完；做完 get through 通過(考試等)；接通電話；完成 pass through 走過；路過 live through 經(jīng)歷 look through 瀏覽；往里面看 come through 安然渡過(疾病、危機(jī)等) bring through

37、使人渡過；救治；救活L21 Sixteen years later, in 1884, the Metropolitan Railway Company and the Metropolitan District Railway linked up and provided link up 合并；連接，結(jié)合The two organizations linked up to hold a charity event. (1) 兩條公路在這里連接起來。 The two highways _ here. (2) 這個(gè)組織的目的是將全國遭受這種疾病的人們聯(lián)系起來。 The organizations

38、 aim is _ people from all over the country who are suffering from the disease.link upto link upL27 These new ways of digging accelerated the pace of the London Undergrounds development. accelerate v. 加速;促進(jìn) The bad weather accelerated our departure. accelerate the pace of 加快的步伐The conference accelera

39、ted the pace of educational reforms. acceleration n. 加速；促進(jìn)；加速度 A driver _ his car when he makes it go faster or increases its speed. A. modifies B. develops C. accelerates D stimulatesMany people complain of rapid _ of modern life. A. rate B. speed C. pace D. growth CCThe government plans _ (加快改革步伐)

40、 reform.to accelerate the pace of L33 Having seen the situation, a wealthy American businessman, Charles Yerkes, undertook improving the system in 1902 by obtaining the ownership of the many different lines and 分詞短語Having seen the situation 作時(shí)間狀語，因?yàn)楸硎镜膭?dòng)作發(fā)生在主句的謂語動(dòng)作之前，所以用分詞的完成時(shí)態(tài)。又如： Having finished he

41、r homework, she helped do the housework. undertake v. 承擔(dān)，從事，答應(yīng)，保證I could undertake the work for you.I can undertake that you will benefit from this experience. 過去式 undertook 過去分詞undertakenundertake a task 承擔(dān)任務(wù) undertake an attack 發(fā)動(dòng)進(jìn)攻 undertake to do sth. 答應(yīng)/同意做某事undertake for 為承擔(dān); 為負(fù)責(zé)The new labora

42、tories will be constructed this year, and local firms have been asked to _ the work. A. assign B. manufacture C. provide D. undertake 我將保證你的安全。Ill _ your security.Dundertake for 他保證過要來參加我的生日晚會(huì)的。He _ my birthday party.= He _ he would come to my birthday party. 他答應(yīng)在星期五以前完成那份工作。 He _ by Friday. 我保證你會(huì)喜歡

43、這次旅行。 I _ you will enjoy the trip.undertook to come toundertook thatundertook to finish the job can undertake that -ship 表示“情況，性質(zhì)，技巧，技能及身份，職業(yè)”，構(gòu)成具有抽象名詞的含義。 hardship, relationship, membership, friendship, seamanship, scholarship, professorshipownership n. 所有權(quán)L44 When London was bombed, many undergrou

44、nd stations functioned as bomb shelters: function as 起的作用This big room functions as a meeting room. The sofa can also function as a bed. 同義短語：serve as function n作用；功能；職能 vi. 起作用；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)(2012武漢調(diào)研) The kitchen is often the busiest room in a household, so its important to make sure it _ well. A. smoothes B.

45、 functions C. pays D. measures 解析 function 起作用，發(fā)揮功能，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。句意：廚房通常是家里最忙碌的房間，因此確保它很好發(fā)揮功能很重要。smooth 使順利，撫平； pay 付款； measure 測(cè)量。BSometimes, some adverbs _ as adjectives. You must pay attention to them when you read the English text. A. are functionedB. function C. were functionedD. functionsB L51The last line added was the Jubilee Line, which was opened in 1979 in honour of the twenty-fifth a