靈活運(yùn)用高級(jí)表達(dá)方式提高書面表達(dá)效果

1、靈活運(yùn)用高級(jí)表達(dá)方式提高高考英語書面表達(dá)得分近年來，高考英語書面表達(dá)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定。考生必須使用比較高級(jí)的表達(dá)方 式方能獲取高分，而不少考生只會(huì)用結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單的句子來表達(dá)文意，寫出來的文章 得分就低。因此，同學(xué)們應(yīng)在平時(shí)的書面表達(dá)訓(xùn)練中多練習(xí)使用高級(jí)表達(dá)方式， 才能在高考英語書面表達(dá)中獲得高分。一、什么是高級(jí)表達(dá)方式一般說來，如果一篇書面表達(dá)通篇都是單一的主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)的簡(jiǎn)單句，表達(dá)效 果就比較差。各種復(fù)合句、特殊句式（倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、感嘆句、such as列舉句 型等）和帶過渡性插入語的句子通常難度大、語境邏輯強(qiáng)、表達(dá)效果好，是普遍 認(rèn)可的高級(jí)表達(dá)方式，也是高考英語書面表達(dá)是否能獲取高分的重要依據(jù)同學(xué)

2、們 在寫英語書面表達(dá)時(shí)應(yīng)根據(jù)表達(dá)需要有選擇地使用這些高級(jí)表達(dá)方式。二、掌握簡(jiǎn)單表達(dá)方式轉(zhuǎn)化高級(jí)表達(dá)方式的方法簡(jiǎn)單表達(dá)方式可以轉(zhuǎn)化成高級(jí)表達(dá)方式，而且轉(zhuǎn)換難度也不是很大，因?yàn)楦?級(jí)表達(dá)方式也是在簡(jiǎn)單表達(dá)方式的基礎(chǔ)上構(gòu)成的。下面介紹幾種將簡(jiǎn)單表達(dá)方式 轉(zhuǎn)化為高級(jí)表達(dá)方式的方法。將兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句合并為一個(gè)由which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。which在非限制性定語從句中代表主句內(nèi)容，從句可由兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句之一改造 而成。例1：最近許多中學(xué)生亂花錢，關(guān)于這一點(diǎn)不同的人有不同的看法。簡(jiǎn)單句： Recently many middle school students spend their money on un

3、necessary things. Different people have different opinions about it.高級(jí)表達(dá)方式： Recently many middle school students spend their money on unnecessary things, about which different people have different opinions.例2：許多男孩學(xué)抽煙，這對(duì)身體有危害。簡(jiǎn)單句： Many boys learn to smoke. It does harm to their health.高級(jí)表達(dá)方式： Many b

4、oys learn to smoke, which does harm to their health.在表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)的陳述句前加過渡性插入語。一些表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)的陳述句前加上in my opinion, from my point of view,personally speaking, as far as I know, as far as Im concerned, as we all know, as is known to all等插入語之后往往使句式更豐滿，邏輯更嚴(yán)密，說理更充分，從而 增強(qiáng)了文章的表達(dá)效果。例 1 ： 簡(jiǎn)單句： We should not spend too much ti

5、me in surfing the Internet.我們 不應(yīng)該花太多時(shí)間上網(wǎng)。高級(jí)表達(dá)方式：In my opinion, we should not spend too much time in surfing the Internet.我認(rèn)為我們不應(yīng)該花太多時(shí)間上網(wǎng)。例 2：簡(jiǎn)單句：Taking exercise does good to our health.鍛煉對(duì)健康有好處。高級(jí)表達(dá)方式： As we all know / As is known to all, taking exercise does good to our health.眾所周知，鍛煉對(duì)健康有好處。例3：簡(jiǎn)單句：

6、Mary is an honest and kind girl.瑪麗是一個(gè)誠實(shí)善良的女孩。高級(jí)表達(dá)方式：As far as I know, Mary is an honest and kind girl. 就我所知， 瑪麗是一個(gè)誠實(shí)善良的女孩。在兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句之間加上過渡性詞匯。為使兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句之間邏輯更嚴(yán)密，過渡更自然，可在其間加上過渡性詞匯。例1：雨下得很大，我們只好呆在旅館里。簡(jiǎn)單句：It rained heavily. We had to stay at the hotel.高級(jí)表達(dá)方式：It rained heavily; as a result, we had to stay at th

7、e hotel.例2：我買了一些時(shí)裝，又去看了一個(gè)精彩的演出。簡(jiǎn)單句：I bought some fashionable clothes. I went to see a wonderful performance.高級(jí)表達(dá)方式：I bought some fashionable clothes; besides / whats more, I went to see a wonderful performance.例3：我在火車站迷了路，天也漸漸地暗了。簡(jiǎn)單句： I was lost at the station. It was getting dark.高級(jí)表達(dá)方式： I was lost

8、 at the station; whats worse, it was getting dark.將兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句合并為并列句。兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句分別表達(dá)會(huì)令句子讀起來缺乏連貫性和邏輯性，而加上并列連詞 改造成并列句后邏輯嚴(yán)密得多，句式也高級(jí)得多。例1：這道題太難了，我解不出來。簡(jiǎn)單句：This problem is too difficult. I cant work it out.高級(jí)表達(dá)方式：This problem is too difficult so I cant work it out.例2：我想買這輛自行車，卻沒有足夠的錢。簡(jiǎn)單句：I want to buy this bike. I d

9、ont have enough money.高級(jí)表達(dá)方式：I want to buy this bike, but I dont have enough money.將兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句合并為復(fù)合句。兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句加上從屬連詞可合并成主從復(fù)合句，這是增強(qiáng)語境邏輯、提升表 達(dá)檔次的好方法。例1：我沒有帶錢。沒能看成那場(chǎng)電影。簡(jiǎn)單句：I didnt take any money. I couldnt see that film.高級(jí)表達(dá)方式：Because I didnt take any money, I couldnt see the film.例2：你不早點(diǎn)出發(fā)就不能及時(shí)到達(dá)。簡(jiǎn)單句： You dont

10、 start early. You carit get there in time.高級(jí)表達(dá)方式：If you dont start early, you cant get there in time.將陳述句改為感嘆句。陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)平凡、語調(diào)平緩，而轉(zhuǎn)換為感嘆句后句式變新穎，語氣變強(qiáng)烈， 表達(dá)檔次明顯得到提升。例 1 ： 陳述句：To prevent the pollution is very important .防止污染很重要。高級(jí)表達(dá)方式：How important it is to prevent the pollution!防止污染多重要 ??！例2：陳述句：She is a clev

11、er girl.她是一個(gè)聰明的女孩。高級(jí)表達(dá)方式：what a clever girl she is!她是一個(gè)多么聰明的女孩啊！將陳述句改為倒裝句。陳述句改成倒裝句后結(jié)構(gòu)新穎、情感濃烈，表達(dá)效果明顯增強(qiáng)。例1：直到太陽落山我們才離開那個(gè)村莊。陳述句： We didnt leave the village until the sun set.高級(jí)表達(dá)方式： Not until the sun set did we leave the mountain village.例2：那時(shí)我?guī)缀醪欢⒄Z的重要性。陳述句：I could hardly understand the importance of

12、English at that time.高級(jí)表達(dá)方式：Hardly could I understand the importance of English at that time.將簡(jiǎn)單句改為強(qiáng)調(diào)句。簡(jiǎn)單句改為強(qiáng)調(diào)句后語氣更強(qiáng)烈、感情更充沛，是不可多得的高級(jí)表達(dá)方式。例l：抽煙對(duì)他的身體造成了傷害。簡(jiǎn)單句：Smoking did great harm to his health.高級(jí)表達(dá)方式：It was smoking that did great harm to his health.例2：我們的錢是父母辛苦掙來的。簡(jiǎn)單句： Our money is earned through h

13、ard work by our parents.高級(jí)表達(dá)方式：It is through hard work that our money is earned by our parents.將一般性列舉句子改為such as列舉句型。一般性列舉句子只起到羅列事實(shí)的作用，而such as列舉句型除具有列舉功 能之外，其對(duì)稱的結(jié)構(gòu)也能增強(qiáng)表達(dá)效果。例1：晚會(huì)上將有唱歌、跳舞、做游戲等節(jié)目。一般性列舉句子： The party will include singing, dancing and playing games.高級(jí)表達(dá)方式： There will be a few programs at the party, such as singing, dancing and playing games.例2：我們將參觀長城、頤和園、紫禁城等名勝古跡。一般性列舉句子：The places of interest we will visit are the Great Wall, the Summer Palace and the Forbidden City, etc