高三語法帶介詞學(xué)案

1、高三語法帶答案介詞教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)(新)高三語法帶答案介詞教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)(新)7/7高三語法帶答案介詞教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)(新)任何知識(shí)都不能夠帶給你好運(yùn)，但它們能讓你靜靜成為你自己。放棄很簡(jiǎn)單，但你堅(jiān)持終究的樣子必然很酷！高考英語語法考點(diǎn)歸納介詞和介詞短語二輪復(fù)習(xí)教師寄語：高考英語語法貫穿在高考英語語法填空、改錯(cuò)題、高考英語作文中，在進(jìn)行閱讀理解和完形填空時(shí)也用獲取。能夠說單詞是英語學(xué)習(xí)的基礎(chǔ)、語法是英語學(xué)習(xí)的架構(gòu)。高考英語語法不難，總結(jié)起來也就十幾點(diǎn)，希望同學(xué)們?cè)诼犝n和做題中不斷推斷其中的規(guī)律，再反過來經(jīng)過題目精髓。一、介詞的分類分類特點(diǎn)例詞簡(jiǎn)單介詞即一個(gè)介詞about,across,after,against,a

2、mong,around,at,below,beyond,during,in,on等等。合成介詞由兩個(gè)介詞構(gòu)成合成詞into,onto,throughout,upon,within短語介詞由短語構(gòu)成accordingto,becauseof,insteadof,upto,dueto,owingto,thanksto等等。雙重介詞由兩個(gè)介詞搭配而成fromamong,frombehind,fromunder,tillafter,inbetween等等。分詞介詞由現(xiàn)在分詞轉(zhuǎn)變而來considering(就而論),including，regarding，concerning等。兼類介詞由形容詞直接轉(zhuǎn)變

3、而來like,unlike,near,next,opposite等等。二、介詞短語的功能介詞不能夠獨(dú)立在句中做成份，介詞后必定與名詞、代詞、或動(dòng)名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語在句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分，表示人、物、事件等與其他人、物、事件等之間的關(guān)系。介詞短語的功能例句作定語Theydidntfindthesolutiontotheproblem.Wehavebreakfastatseven.（表時(shí)間）作狀語Theywerelateforthemeetingbecauseoftheheavyrain.（表原因）Whatdoyoumeanbydoingsuchathing?（表方法）Nothingintheworld

4、couldlivewithoutairorwater.（表?xiàng)l件）作表語WhenIpaidavisittoyouyesterday,youwerenotathome.作賓語補(bǔ)足語Ifoundtheoldbuildinginabadcondition.三、常考介詞（短語）的差別1.表示相同或相似看法的介詞（短語）的差別表示的看法介詞（短語）差別inat在一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)上；時(shí)間onin在一段的時(shí)間之內(nèi)；aton在詳盡日子。sincesince指從過去到現(xiàn)在的一段例子at8oclock,atnooninthe1990s,inJanuaryonMonday,onawarmmorningWehavenotse

5、eneachothersince值得擁有的東西，永遠(yuǎn)都來之不易。1任何知識(shí)都不能夠帶給你好運(yùn)，但它們能讓你靜靜成為你自己。放棄很簡(jiǎn)單，但你堅(jiān)持終究的樣子必然很酷！fromin,afterintheendattheendofbytheendofbetweenamong時(shí)間，和完成時(shí)連用；from指從時(shí)間的某一點(diǎn)開始。in指在一段時(shí)間此后，也能夠指一段時(shí)間之內(nèi)=within；after表示某一詳盡時(shí)間點(diǎn)此后或用在過去時(shí)的一段時(shí)間中。intheend作“最后”、“終于”解，單獨(dú)作句子成分，后不接介詞of；attheendof表示“在末梢”，“到終點(diǎn)”，既可指時(shí)間，也能夠指地上或物體。不能單獨(dú)使用；b

6、ytheendof作“在結(jié)束時(shí)”，“到末為止”解，只能指時(shí)間。不能單獨(dú)使用。一般說來，between表示兩者之間，among用于三者或三者以上的中間。1995.Ihopetodomorningexercisesfromtoday.Wellbebackinthreedays.Afterseventherainbegantofall.Whatshallwedoaftergraduation?Intheendtheyreachedaplaceofsafety.Attheendoftheroadstandsabeautifulgarden.TheydecidedtohaveanEnglisheveni

7、ngattheendofthisweek.Bytheendoflastmonthhehadfinishedthenovel.Youaretositbetweenyourfatherandme.Heisalwayshappyamonghisclassmates.Agreementsweremadebetweenthe注意：但有時(shí)說的誠(chéng)然是三個(gè)以上的人或東西，重申的是兩兩相互間接關(guān)系時(shí)、在談到一些事物或一組事物，而把它們視為分居兩邊時(shí)以及在談事物間的差別時(shí)，就用between。inin表示在某范圍內(nèi)；onon指與什么毗鄰；toto指在某環(huán)境范圍之外。地址onon只表示在某物的表面上，in而用in表

8、示占去某物一部分。inin平時(shí)表示地址（靜態(tài)）；into表示動(dòng)向，不表示目的地into或地址。through表示從內(nèi)部經(jīng)過，與throughin有關(guān)；across則表示從一端across至另一端在表面上的經(jīng)過，與on有關(guān)。inthecorner表示在角落里，inthecornerin指角的內(nèi)面；onthecorner表示“在角上”，on指的不是onthecorner內(nèi)面，也不是外面，而含內(nèi)外atthecorner兼有之意；atthecorner指“在拐角處”，at指的是拐角外附differentcountries.Thelittlevalleyliesbetweenhighmountains.

9、Theydontknowthedifferencebetweenwheat,riceandcoin.ChangchunisinthenortheastofChina.MongoliaisonthenorthofChina.JapanistotheeastofChina.Thereisabookonthepieceofpaper.Thereisaninterestingarticleinthenewspaper.Hedugaholeinthewall.Wewalkedinthepark.Wewalkedintothepark.Waterflowsthroughthepipe.Theoldmanw

10、alkedacrossthestreet.Thelampstandsinthecorneroftheroom.Imetwithhimatthestreetcorner.Hesatonthecornerofthetable.值得擁有的東西，永遠(yuǎn)都來之不易。2除了表示的看法動(dòng)作（表進(jìn)行看法、表被動(dòng)的關(guān)系）任何知識(shí)都不能夠帶給你好運(yùn)，但它們能讓你靜靜成為你自己。放棄很簡(jiǎn)單，但你堅(jiān)持終究的樣子必然很酷！近的外面。besides指“除了還有，再加上”；except指“除了，減去什么”，不能夠放在句首。Allwentoutbesidesme.besidesAllwentoutexceptme.but與ex

11、cept意思近似，表示exceptIneversawhimreadinganythingbut“除了外”經(jīng)常用在no,butthenewspaper.all,nobody,anywhere,exceptforHisdiaryisgoodexceptforafeweverything等和其他疑問詞后spellingmistakes.面。exceptfor表示“如無就，可是”表示原因細(xì)節(jié)。構(gòu)成例子atdinner/table在吃飯atwork在工作atwar開戰(zhàn)at+名詞atcards在玩牌atwork在辦公atplay在玩耍atrest在休息school在上學(xué)atpress正在排印atchurc

12、h在做禮拜beyondbelief難以置信beyondcontrol不聽管教。beyond+名詞beyondcompare無可比較beyonddescription難以形容beyondexpression無法表達(dá)beyondsuspicion無可思疑inthearmy在當(dāng)兵inneedof需要inaction在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)inprogress在進(jìn)行inoperation在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中inuse開始使用insight看得見instore儲(chǔ)蓄著incourseofconstruction正在興建中間。in(good)repair維修優(yōu)異的incourseofshipment.定的貨正在運(yùn)輸途中。incharge

13、of負(fù)責(zé)inthechargeof由負(fù)責(zé)inpossessionof擁有inthepossessionof被擁有in+名詞inaddition加之，又，別的；inadvance在前頭，起初，起初；incase若是，萬一；incharge主管，掌管，看守或in+名詞+of+incommon共有，共同，公有；inconclusion最后，在結(jié)束時(shí)名詞incontrol管理，掌握；indanger在危險(xiǎn)中，緊急；indemand有需要的，吃香的；indoubt感覺誘惑的，難以確定的；ineffect實(shí)質(zhì)上，見效；infact事實(shí)上；infuture今后，今后；inhaste匆促地，草率地；inord

14、er挨次，井井有條，情況優(yōu)異，合適；inprogress進(jìn)行中；inpublic公開地，當(dāng)眾；inreturn作為回報(bào)；inshape處于優(yōu)異狀態(tài)，在外形上；introuble在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、的處境中；inturn依次，代替地；inuse在使用著。onbusiness做事/出差onholiday/vacation/leave在休假onwatch值班onduty值勤/日。onguard在值勤onstrike在歇工on+名詞onsale銷售onloan借貸onthemove在搬動(dòng)，遷居，走開onthemarch行家軍ontheair在廣播onfire在燃燒。ontrial在試用onshow/disp

15、lay/exhibition在展出under+名詞undercontrol在控制之中underdiscussion在談?wù)搖nderdevelopment在發(fā)展中underobservation在觀察中值得擁有的東西，永遠(yuǎn)都來之不易。3任何知識(shí)都不能夠帶給你好運(yùn)，但它們能讓你靜靜成為你自己。放棄很簡(jiǎn)單，但你堅(jiān)持終究的樣子必然很酷！undertest在被測(cè)試underconstruction在建設(shè)中underfire在炮火中underexamination在檢查/檢查中underconsideration在考慮中underrepair在維修中underarrest被逮捕underattack碰到侵

16、襲undermedicaltreatment在治療中understudy在研究中againstonesopinion反對(duì)某人的見解foronesopinion贊成某人的見解abovereproach無可斥責(zé)，無可非議其他abovesuspicion不受思疑abovecriticism無可斥責(zé)atthemercyof在支配下；任由擺布forsale供銷售forrent供出租withinsight看得見2.常有同一形容詞與不相同介詞搭配時(shí)意義上的差別常有形容詞搭配意義absent(be)absentfrom缺席(be)absentin不在這里而在afraid(be)afraidof擔(dān)憂(be)af

17、raidfor為而擔(dān)憂angry(be)angrywithsb.對(duì)某人生氣(be)angryat/aboutsth.因某事而生氣anxious(be)anxiousforsth急于想獲取(be)anxiousaboutsth./sb.對(duì)某事/某人擔(dān)憂different(be)differentfrom與不相同(be)differentto不關(guān)心familiar(be)familiarwith精曉，熟悉(be)familiarto為熟知（悉）(be)goodat擅長(zhǎng)于good(be)goodfor對(duì)有益(be)goodto對(duì)友好/態(tài)度好popular(be)popularwithsb.受歡迎(b

18、e)popularfor因此流行strict(be)strictwithsb.對(duì)某人要求嚴(yán)格(be)strictinsth.對(duì)某事要求嚴(yán)格3.簡(jiǎn)單混淆的含有介詞固定搭配的詞組種類差一冠詞，天地之別有無介詞，意義不相同舉例infrontof（在前面)inthefrontof（在前部）inchargeof（負(fù)責(zé)）inthechargeof（由負(fù)責(zé)）outofquestion（毫無疑問）outofthequestion（不能能）attable（在吃飯；在吃飯時(shí)）atthetable（在桌子旁邊）knowsb.認(rèn)識(shí)某人knowaboutsb.認(rèn)識(shí)某人shootsb.擊中某人shootatsb.向某人射

19、擊searchsb.搜身searchforsb.搜尋某人believesb.相信某人的話believeinsb.相信某人的人格benefitsb.使某人受益benefitfromsb.從某人那處獲取利處值得擁有的東西，永遠(yuǎn)都來之不易。4任何知識(shí)都不能夠帶給你好運(yùn)，但它們能讓你靜靜成為你自己。放棄很簡(jiǎn)單，但你堅(jiān)持終究的樣子必然很酷！畫蛇添足，誤加介詞母語思想，誤用介詞介詞的搭配形式servethepeople為人民服務(wù)（簡(jiǎn)單在serve后加for）entertheroom進(jìn)入房間（簡(jiǎn)單在enter后加into）followme跟在我后邊（簡(jiǎn)單在follow后加behind）marrysb.與某人

20、結(jié)婚（簡(jiǎn)單在marry后加with）goabroad出國(guó)（簡(jiǎn)單在go后邊加to）liveupstairs住在樓上（簡(jiǎn)單在live后邊加in）becaughtintherain被雨淋著（不用by）leaveforsomeplace出發(fā)去某地（不用to）setanexampletosb.為某人成立模范（不用for）inthedirection朝著方向（不用to）doafavorforsb.幫某人一個(gè)忙（不用to）differentfrom和不相同（不用with）withthehelpof在的幫助下（不用under）stealsth.fromsb.偷某人的東西（不用of）readsth.tosb.給

21、（為）讀（念）（不用for）種類“形容詞+介詞”型搭配的常有結(jié)at前的adj.：angry,clever,good,bad,surprised,excited,puzzled構(gòu)：of前的adj.：afraid,sure,certain,full,tired,fond,proud,worthywith前的adj.:angry,strict,busy,careful,popular,patientin前的adj.：strict,weak,interested,successful,richto前的adj.：polite,kind,cruel,rude,known,close,available,f

22、or前的adj.:sorry,famous,fit,unfit,eager,anxious,behungry/thirstyfrom前的adj.：far,different,free,safe,absentabout前的adj.：worried,anxious,careful,sure,certain,curious“名詞+介詞”型搭配的常有結(jié)構(gòu)：thekey/answer/visit/apology/introduction/waytowish/desire/hope/prize/respectforpity/mercy/congratulation/effect/advice/impres

23、sion/influence形容詞和副詞練習(xí)題：.在以下句子中填入合適的介詞o值得擁有的東西，永遠(yuǎn)都來之不易。5任何知識(shí)都不能夠帶給你好運(yùn)，但它們能讓你靜靜成為你自己。放棄很簡(jiǎn)單，但你堅(jiān)持終究的樣子必然很酷！1）.Fredenteredwithoutknockingand,veryoutofbreath,sank_achair.(安徽)3）.Youhavenoideahowshefinishedtherelayrace_herfootwoundedsomuch.(福建)4）.Ibegantofeel_homeinthenewschoolwhenIsawsomefamiliarfaces.(山東

24、)5）.Everythingwasperfectforthepicnicexcept_theweather.(浙江)6）.Thisisajuniorschool.Youshouldgotoaseniorschool_girlsofyourage.(北京)7）.Although_myopinion,theoldprofessordidntcomeupwithhisown.(福建)8）.Scientistsareconvinced_thepositiveeffectoflaughter_physicalandmentalhealth.(江西)9）.Expertshavebeenwarning_so

25、metimeofthehealthriskscausedbypassivesmoking.(江西)10）.Themanagersuggestedanearlierdate_themeeting.(全國(guó)I)11）.Somepeoplechoosejobsforotherreasons_moneythesedays.(全國(guó)12）.Somestudentsoftenlistentomusic_classestorefreshthemselves.(四13）.Theopen-aircelebrationhasbeenputoffbecause_thebadweather.(浙江)14）.Sorry,M

26、adam.Youdbettercometomorrowbecauseits_thevisitinghours.(福建)15）.Itsquite_mewhysuchthingshavebeenallowedtohappen.(安徽)16）.Itsatopsecret.Yes,Isee.Iwillkeepthesecret_youandme.(上海)17）.Peoplehavealwaysbeencurious_howlivingthingsontheearthexactlybegan.(遼寧)18）.Aftertheearthquake,theinjuredwerecared_intheloca

27、lhospitalsortakentothehospitalsintheneighboringcities.(江西)19）.Iwouldlikeajobwhichpaysmore,but_theotherhandIenjoytheworkImdoingatthemoment.(浙江)20）.Moreandmoreyoungpeoplearefond_playingtennisnowadays.(上海)21）.Leaveyourkeywithaneighbor_caseyoulockyourselfoutoneday.(北京)22）.Villagersheredependonthefishing

28、industry,_whichtherewontbemuchwork.(上海)23）.Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,_whichNewYorkisanexample.(四川)24）.Bynineoclock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,_whichappearedararerainbowsoon.(福建)25）.Thebookwaswrittenin1946,_whentheeducationsystemhaswitness

29、edgreatcharges.(山東)26）.Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,_whichhewentontoBeijingUniversity.(江蘇)27）.Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegree_whichtheycanbecontrolledonpurpose.(重慶)語篇模擬：用合適的介詞填空FathersDayoccursonthe3rdSundayinJune.Theideaforcreatingaday1_childrentohonortheirfathersbega

30、ninSpokane,Washington.Awoman2_thenameofSonoraSmartDoddthought3_theideaforFathersDaywhilelisteningtoaMothersDaysermon4_1909.Havingbeenraised5_herfather,HenryJacksonSmart,afterhermotherdied,Sonorawantedherfathertoknowhowspecialhewas6_her.Itwasherfatherthatmadealltheparentalsacrificesandwas,7_theeyesof

31、hisdaughter,acourageous,selfless,andlovingman.SonorasfatherwasborninJune,soshechosetoholdthefirstFathersDaycelebration8_Spokane,Washington9_the19thofJune,1910.In1924PresidentCalvinCoolidgeannouncedthethirdSundayinJune10_FathersDay.RosesaretheFathersDayflowers.【答案】I.into,with,at,for,for,against,ofon,for,for,besides,between,of,beyond,beyond,between,about,for,on,of,in,without,of,above,since,after,to值得擁有的東西，永遠(yuǎn)都來之不易。6任何知識(shí)都不能夠帶給你好運(yùn)，但它們能讓你靜靜成為你自己。放棄很簡(jiǎn)單，但你堅(jiān)持終究的樣子必然很酷！II.forbyofinbytoininonas【答案】I.into,with,at,for,for,against,ofon,for,for,besides,between,of,beyond,beyond,between,about