定語(yǔ)從句的用法

1、定語(yǔ)從句的用法定語(yǔ)從句的用法4/4定語(yǔ)從句的用法定語(yǔ)從句:在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)，所以叫作定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞：定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的名詞或代詞。關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞，分為關(guān)系代詞（who,whom,that,which,whose）和關(guān)系副詞(where,when,why,)。復(fù)合句：Themanwho(that)cameisMike.先行詞關(guān)系代詞LiMingistheonethatgotfullmarksinourclass.先行詞關(guān)系代詞上句的黑體字為復(fù)合句中的主句，藍(lán)體字為定語(yǔ)從句.必定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞Which的用法:若先行詞指物則代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)

2、或賓語(yǔ).Thisisthepenwhichwasgivenbymyfriend.先行詞指物代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)Thisisthepenwhichmyfriendgavetome.先行詞指物代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)二定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞Who的用法:若先行詞指人則代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(若是前面帶介詞則必定用whom)Themanwhoiswearingawhitesuitismybrother.先行詞指人代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)ThemanwhowhomhewantedtoseelastweekisinShanghai.先行詞指人代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)

3、SheisthegirlwithwhomIwentthere.先行詞指人代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)介賓且介詞于前.三定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞Whom的用法:若先行詞指人則代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)(包括介詞的賓語(yǔ)),與who的差異是若是前面帶介詞則必定用whomThisistheteacherwhomwhowelikebest.先行詞指人代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)SheisthegirlwhomwhoIwentwiththere.先行詞指人代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)介賓.Idontliketheboytowhomyouaretalking.先行詞指人代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)介賓且介詞于前.

4、四定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞that的用法:若先行詞指人或物則代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)Theanimalthatwhichislostisapanda.先行詞指物代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)Sheisthepersonthatwhoweareworriedabout.先行詞指人代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)注意1thatwhich在代物時(shí)常?？梢酝ㄓ?但有時(shí)只宜于用which,不用that關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí).Thisisthehotelinwhichyouwillstay.如有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,其中一句的關(guān)系代詞是that,另一句宜于用which.Letmeshowyouthenovelth

5、atIborrowedfromtheliberarywhichwasnewlyopen(新開(kāi)放)tous.注意2thatwhich在代物時(shí)常?？梢酝ㄓ?但有時(shí)只宜于用that,不用which.先行詞是形容詞最高等也許它的前面有形容詞最高等時(shí)Thisisthebestthathasbeenusedagainstairpollution(反對(duì)空氣污染)incities.Englishisthemostdifficultsubjectthatyouwilllearnduringtheseyears.先行詞是序數(shù)詞,或它的前面有一個(gè)序數(shù)詞時(shí)HeisthelastpersonthatIwanttosee

6、.主句中已有疑問(wèn)詞時(shí)Whichisthebikethatyoulost?先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)Thebikeanditsriderthathadrunover(撞倒了)anoldmanweretakentothepolicestation.先行詞是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone等代詞時(shí)Youshouldhandinallthatyouhave.Wehaventgotmuchthatwecanofferyou.Imeantheonethatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.先行詞前面有on

7、ly,any,few,little,no,all,oneof,thesame,thevery等詞修飾時(shí)Theonlythingthatwecandoistogiveyousomemoney.LiMingistheonlyonethatgotfullmarks(滿(mǎn)分)inourclass.LiMingisoneofthestudentsthatwanttobeteachersinourclass.有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,其中一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞已用which,別的一個(gè)宜用thatEdisonbuiltupafactory(辦了一個(gè)工廠)whichproducedthingsthathadneverbeensee

8、nbefore.定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系副詞Where的用法:若先行詞指地點(diǎn)且其在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ).Thisisthehouse+Iwasborninthehouse.(=Iwasbornthere)=Thisisthehousewhere介詞短語(yǔ)副詞Iwasborn.這就是我在那處出生的房子.先行詞關(guān)系副詞inwhichIwasborn.介詞+關(guān)系代詞whichIwasbornin.關(guān)系代詞這里作介賓的which和that可以省thatIwasbornin略關(guān)系代詞.練習(xí)：用which，where填空1Thisisthefactorywheretheywanttovisit。2Mysisterw

9、orksinabookshopinwhichwecanreadmany3kindsofbooksthefamousscientistwasHaveyouvisitedthecitywhere4born?whichtheyvisitedlastmonth?Isthisthemuseum5Hebuiltatelescopethroughwhichhecouldstudytheskies.Thepencilwith_which_hewrotewasbroken.67Isthistheshop_which_sellschildrensclothing?Istillrememberthesitting-room_where_mymotherandIusedtositintheevening.Dontgoin,thisistheshop_which_wehavejustbeen。toPleaseshowmethebook_which_youboughtyesterday_.定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系副詞When的用法:若先行詞指時(shí)間且其在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ).Hecameatatime+weneededhelpatatime.介詞短語(yǔ)=Hecameatatimewhenweneededhelp關(guān)系副詞atwhichweneededhelp介詞+關(guān)系代詞wh