酒精分類 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及用途

1、酒精分類、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及用途Ethanolclassification,standardand酒精廣泛應(yīng)用于食品、化學(xué)、醫(yī)藥、染料等行業(yè)，酒精又是十分重要的清潔能源。通常，酒精按含雜質(zhì)多少分為：無水酒精、食用酒精、工業(yè)酒精。Ethanolwidelyappliestomanyindustriessuchasfood,chemistry,medicine,dyeandetc.Ingeneral,ethanolisdividedtoanhydrousethanol,edibleethanolandindustrialethanolaccordingtoitsimpuritycontent.一、無水酒精An

2、hydrousethanol無水酒精產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量執(zhí)行中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB/T678-2002化學(xué)試劑一無水乙醇標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。TheproductquantityofanhydrousethanolexecutethestatecriteriaofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaGB/T678-2002名稱Name優(yōu)級(jí)純Guaranteereagent分析純Analyticallypure化學(xué)純Chemicalpure乙醇的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)Massfractionofethanol(CH3CH2OH)/%299.8299.7299.5密度Density(20)/(g/mL)0.7890.79

3、10.7890.7910.7890.791與水混合試驗(yàn)Testmixwithwater合格Qualified合格Qualified合格Qualified蒸發(fā)殘?jiān)馁|(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)Massfractionofevaporationresidue/%W0.0005W0.001W0.001酸度(以H+計(jì))Acidity(byH+)/(mmol/100g)W0.02W0.04W0.1堿度(以O(shè)H-計(jì))Alkalinity(byOH-)/(mmol/100g)W0.005W0.01W0.03水分的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)Massfractionofwater/%W0.2W0.3W0.5甲醇（CH3OH）的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)Massfra

4、ctionofmethanol（CH3OH）/%W0.02W0.05W0.2異丙醇（方3）2CHOH的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)Massfractionofisopropanol（CH3）2CHOH/%W0.003W0.01W0.05羰基化合物（以CO計(jì)）的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)Massfractionofcarbonylcompound（byCO）/%W0.003W0.003W0.005易炭化物質(zhì)合格合格合格ReadilycarbonizablesubstanceQualifiedQualifiedQualified鐵（Fe）的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)W0.00001Massfractionofferrum(Fe)/%鋅(Ze)的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)

5、Massfractionofzinc/%W0.00001還原高錳酸鉀物質(zhì)(以O(shè)計(jì))的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)/%Massfractionofreducingpotassiumpermanganatesubstance(byO)/%W0.00025W0.00025W0.0006用途：化學(xué)試劑、化學(xué)原料、防腐劑、消毒、燃料、有機(jī)溶劑等。Application:chemicalreagent,chemicalmaterial,preservative,disinfection,fuel,organicsolventandetc.二、食用酒精Edibleethanol食用酒精產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量執(zhí)行中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB10

6、343-2002適用于谷物、薯類、糖密為原料，經(jīng)發(fā)酵、蒸餾而制成的含水酒精，為食品工業(yè)專用的食用酒精。TheproductquantityofedibleethanolexecutesthestatecriteriaofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaGB10343-2002,whichappliestotheaqueousethanolmakefromgrains,yamsormolassesasrawmaterialandthroughfermentationanddistillation.Itistheappropriativeedibleethanolforfoodi

7、ndustry.食用酒精GB10343-2002標(biāo)準(zhǔn)EdibleethanolGB10343-2002Standard一、感官要求Senserequirements項(xiàng)目Item特級(jí)Extragrade優(yōu)級(jí)Finegrade普級(jí)Commongrade具有乙醇香，無異味無異臭氣味SmellHasethanolaroma，objectionalodornonoobjectionalodor口味taste純凈、微甜pure,subtlysweet純正、微甜pure,subtlysweet較純正Comparativepure理化要求Analyticalrequirements指標(biāo)名稱tem單位Unit(

8、GB10343-2002)特級(jí)Extra優(yōu)級(jí)Fine普級(jí)Common色度ChromaW號(hào)No.101010酒精含量Ethanolcontent2%(v/v)96.095.595.0硫酸試驗(yàn)SulfuricacidW號(hào)No.51060氧化時(shí)間Oxidationtime2Min403020總?cè)ㄒ砸胰┯?jì)）Totalaldehyde（byWacetaldehydemg/l1330甲醇MethanolWmg/l250150正丙醇NormalpropylalcoholWmg/l235100異丁醇+異戊醇Isobutanol+isoamylolWmg/l1230總酸（以乙酸計(jì)）:alacid（byacet

9、icacid）mg/l71020總酯（以乙酸乙酯計(jì)）Totalester（byethylacetate）Wmg/l101825不揮發(fā)物NonvolatilematerWmg/l102025重金屬(以Pb計(jì))Heavymetal(byPb)&mg/l1氰化物(以HCN計(jì))Cyanide(byHCN)Wmg/l5*用途：白酒、飲料、乙酸乙酯、丁醇、丙酮、醫(yī)藥等。Application:distilledspirit,drink,ethylacetate,butanol,acetone,medicineandetc.三、工業(yè)酒精工業(yè)酒精產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量執(zhí)行中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB/T394.1-94適用于

10、谷物、薯類、糖密為原料，經(jīng)發(fā)酵、蒸餾而制成的含水工業(yè)酒精。其雜質(zhì)指標(biāo)比食用酒精寬松。按其生產(chǎn)的酒精不得用于食品、飲料。TheproductquantityofindustrialethanolexecutesthestatecriteriaofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaGB/T394.1-94,whichappliestotheaqueousethanolmakefromgrains,yamsormolassesasrawmaterialandthroughfermentationanddistillation.Itsimpurityindicatoriseasiert

11、hanedibleethanol.Theethanolthatproducedfollowingthisstandardcannotbeusedforfoodanddrink.工業(yè)酒精GB/T394.1-94標(biāo)準(zhǔn)IndustrialethanolGB/T394.1-94standard項(xiàng)目Item指標(biāo)Index優(yōu)等品High-classproduct一等品First-rateproduct合格品Qualifiedproduct粗酒精Crudeethanol夕卜觀Appearance無色透明液體淡黃色液Colorlessandclearliquid體Faintyellowliquid色度/號(hào)Ch

12、roma/No.W10氣味Smell無異臭noobjectionalodor乙醇Ethanol(20,(V/V)%296.0295.5295.0295.0硫酸度驗(yàn)號(hào)SulfuricaciddegreesCheckNo./minW10W80W氧化時(shí)間Oxidizationdegrees/min23021525醛（以乙醛計(jì)）W530Waldehyde(byWacetaldehyde)/mgL1雜醇油(以異丁醇+異戊醇計(jì))Fusel(byIsobutanol+isoamylol)/mgL-21W10W80W甲醇Methanol/mgLW800W1200W酸(以乙酸計(jì))acid(byaceticacid)/mgL1W10W20酯(以乙酸乙酯計(jì))ester(byethylacet