中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)語法精講-代詞

1、中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)語法精講代詞中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)語法精講代詞人稱代詞()1人稱代詞的人稱、數(shù)和格，如下表所示：數(shù)格人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格 賓格主格賓格第一人稱Imeweus人稱代詞()1人稱代詞的人稱、數(shù)和格，如下表所示：數(shù)數(shù)格人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格 賓格主格賓格第二人稱you youyouyou第三人稱hehimtheythemshe heritit數(shù)格單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格 賓格主格賓格第二人稱you youyouy2.人稱代詞有主格和賓格之分。通常主格作主語，賓格作賓語。動詞前面用主格，動詞或介詞之后用賓格。如：I like table tennis.(作主語)我喜歡打乒乓球。Do you know him? (作賓

2、語)你認(rèn)識他嗎？2.人稱代詞有主格和賓格之分。通常主格作主語，賓格作賓語。動3人稱代詞還可作表語，作表語時用賓格。如：Who is knocking at the door? 誰在敲門？ Its me.是我。4一般情況下，多個人稱代詞同時出現(xiàn)的順序是：單數(shù)是you, he and I, 復(fù)數(shù)是we, you and they。3人稱代詞還可作表語，作表語時用賓格。( )1.(2010廣東)My father is ill in bed.I have to look after_at home.A.he BhisChim Dhimself母題訓(xùn)練C( )1.(2010廣東)My father i

3、s i( )2.My English is so poor.Please help_to improve it.A.me BI Cmy Dmine中考預(yù)測A( )2.My English is so poor.1表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫物主代詞。物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞，如下表所示：物主代詞()(2018、2017年考)1表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫物主代詞。物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞2.形容詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞，可在句中作定語。一般情況下形容詞性物主代詞后面接名詞。如：Our teacher is coming to see us.我們的老師要來看我們了。2.形容詞性物主代詞

4、的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞，可在句中作定語。一般3名詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，在句中可用作主語、賓語和表語。一般情況下名詞性物主代詞后面不可接名詞。如：Our school is here and theirs is there.(作主語)我們的學(xué)校在這里，他們的在那里。3名詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，在句中可用作主語、賓語和( )1.(2018廣東)Boxing Day, the 26th of December, got _ name from a time when many rich families gave boxes of gifts to poor people who had

5、to work at Christmas.A.itsBits Cones DOne( )2.(2017廣東)Jessica used to be a manager in a company，but she gave up _ job when she became a mother.A.sheBhers Cher Dherself母題訓(xùn)練BC( )1.(2018廣東)Boxing Day, th( )3.(2011廣東)Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food.It doesnt matter.You can have _.A.we Bus

6、CourDours母題訓(xùn)練D( )3.(2011廣東)Oh! I came in中考預(yù)測B( )4.Some leaders from Africa think its time for Africa to stand on _ feet with the help of China.AitBits Cthem DTheir( )5.Is this your Apple watch?No, its not _.Its Lilys.AmyBmine Cyour DyoursB中考預(yù)測B( )4.Some leaders from( )6.Mary and Gina are my cousins.

7、_father works in Dongfeng Company.ATheir BThey CThemDTheirs中考預(yù)測A( )6.Mary and Gina are my c英語中用來表示“我自己”，“你自己”，“他自己”， “我們自己”，“你們自己”，“他們自己”等意義的代詞稱為反身代詞，也有人稱之為自身代名詞，其形式如下表所示：反身代詞()英語中用來表示“我自己”，“你自己”，“他自己”， “我們自人稱數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myself yourself himself, herself, itself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves人稱數(shù)第一

8、人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myself yourse1.反身代詞可以在句中作賓語、表語和同位語。(2013年考)(1)作賓語，表示動作的承受者就是動作的發(fā)出者，主語和賓語指同一個人或一些人。如：He called himself a writer.他稱自己為作家。(2)作表語。如：The girl in the story is actually herself.故事里的那個女孩其實就是她自己。1.反身代詞可以在句中作賓語、表語和同位語。(2013年考)(3)作主語或賓語的同位語，表示親自或本人。如：You should ask the teacher himself.(作賓語同位語)你應(yīng)該問老

9、師他自己。(3)作主語或賓語的同位語，表示親自或本人。2反身代詞必須要與被指代人在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，意為“某人自己”。(2015年考)如：You can do all the homework by yourself.你可以自己做所有的家庭作業(yè)。2反身代詞必須要與被指代人在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，意為“某人3反身代詞在實際運用中，可構(gòu)成很多固定詞組。如：teach oneselflearn by oneself自學(xué) enjoy oneself玩得高興 help oneself to隨便吃come to oneself蘇醒過來 lose oneself迷路 dress oneself自己穿衣服3反

10、身代詞在實際運用中，可構(gòu)成很多固定詞組。如：巧學(xué)妙記反身代詞莫亂用，能作句中賓(賓語)、表(表語)、同(同位語)，主語、定語不能用，固定搭配要記清。巧學(xué)妙記( )1.(2015廣東)Look at this model ship.I made it all by _ last week. Wow, you are so smart!A.me Bmy Cmine Dmyself母題訓(xùn)練D( )1.(2015廣東)Look at this ( )2.(2013廣東)Boys，dont lose _in playing AngryBirds.It is bad for your eyes to pl

11、ay computer games for a long time.A.himselfByourselfCthemselvesDyourselves母題訓(xùn)練D( )2.(2013廣東)Boys，dont los中考預(yù)測B( )3.She cant seem to help _.And no one can help her，either.A.her Bherself Chim Dhimself( )4.I guess Peter and his sister Sally enjoyed_ at the dancing party.A.myselfBhimself CherselfDthemse

12、lvesD中考預(yù)測B( )3.She cant seem to1指示代詞包括：this, that, these, those(2014年考)(1)this和these一般用來指在時間或空間上較近的事物或人，that和those則指時間或空間上較遠(yuǎn)的事物或人。如：This is a pen and that is a pencil.這是一支鋼筆，那是一支鉛筆。指示代詞()1指示代詞包括：this, that, these, thWe are busy these days.這些天我們很忙。(2)有時that和those指前面講到過的事物，this和these則是指下面將要講到的事物。如：I h

13、ad a cold.Thats why I didnt come.我感冒了，這就是我沒有來的原因。We are busy these days.這些天我們很忙What I want to say is this:_pronunciation is very important in learning English.我想說的是：學(xué)英語時發(fā)音非常重要。(3)有時為了避免重復(fù)提到的名詞，?？捎胻hat或those代替。如：TV sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai.在北京生產(chǎn)的電視機和那些在上海生產(chǎn)的一樣好。

14、What I want to say is this:_pr巧學(xué)妙記this，these靠近我，that，those離我遠(yuǎn)。this，that指單數(shù)，these，those不指單。都可用the來代替，勸君務(wù)必記心間。(4)this在電話用語中代表自己，that則代表對方。如：Hello! This is Mary.Is that_Jack speaking?你好！我是瑪麗，你是杰克嗎？巧學(xué)妙記2it, one, that作代詞的區(qū)別(2016年考)(1)it指上文提到過的事物。如：The book is mine.It is very interesting.這本書是我的。它非常有趣。(2)o

15、ne泛指上下文提及的同類事物中的一個。如：Your bike is very beautiful.I also want to buy one.你的自行車很漂亮。我也想買一輛。2it, one, that作代詞的區(qū)別(2016年考)(3)that常用于比較結(jié)構(gòu)中，代替前面提到的不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，如指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)要用those，為了避免重復(fù)。如：The weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Zhanjiang.北京的天氣比湛江冷多了。The flowers on the left are more beautiful than t

16、hose on the right.左邊的花比右側(cè)的更美麗。(3)that常用于比較結(jié)構(gòu)中，代替前面提到的不可數(shù)名詞或可母題訓(xùn)練B( )1.(2016廣東)Im a little hungry, Daddy.See the cupcakes on the plate, but you can only take_.Dinner is ready soon.AitBone Cthis Dthat( )2.(2014廣東)Hello, Linda speaking.Whos_？Hello, this is Martin.A.he Bone Cthat DthisC母題訓(xùn)練B( )1.(2016廣東

17、)Im a li( )3.He has a bad cold and _ is why he didnt come.A.it Bthis Cthat Dthere( )4.The weather in summer in Beijing is cooler than _ in Shanghai.A.thisBitCthatDone中考預(yù)測CC( )3.He has a bad cold and 1常見的不定代詞有：some, any, one, each, every, no, none, all, both, either, neither, many, much, a few, a lit

18、tle, other, another, the other等。不定代詞()1常見的不定代詞有：some, any, one, eac2形容詞修飾something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody, everything, everyone, everybody等不定代詞時，形容詞放在不定代詞的后面。如： something important 重要的東西； nothing interesting 沒有有趣的東西。2形容詞修飾something, anything, no3易混不定代詞辨析。(1)some, anysome, any都

19、意為“一些”，既可以修飾或代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，也可以修飾或代替不可數(shù)名詞。some常用在肯定句中；any多用于否定句、疑問句及條件句中。練習(xí)：I have _ tea here. I cant see _ tea.someany3易混不定代詞辨析。someany(2)many, muchmany, much都表示“許多”的意思，主要用于否定句和疑問句中，在肯定句中多用a lot of, lots of等。many修飾或代替可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，其反義詞是few；而much修飾或代替不可數(shù)名詞，其反義詞是little。(2)many, much練習(xí)：I didnt know _ English peop

20、le who could speak Chinese.Is there _ water in the bottle?manymuch練習(xí)：I didnt know _ Eng(3)few, a few，little, a littlefew, a few用來修飾或代替復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；little, a little用來修飾或代替不可數(shù)名詞；few, little表示否定，意為“很少、幾乎沒有”；a few, a little表示肯定，意為“一些、少許”。 練習(xí)：He is now out of work and can earn _ money.Im from England, but I ca

21、n speak _ French.littlea little(3)few, a few，little, a little_ students in this school can speak Japanese.They speak Korean.There are still _ students in the classroom.(4)another, other, others, the other, the othersanother泛指三者或三者以上中的任何一個，表示“又一(個)，又一些；另外的(人、物)，別的(人、物)”，既可用作形容詞又可用作代詞。Fewa few_ studen

22、ts in this schother表示“另外的”，常與復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞連用；前面有the, this, that, some, any, each, every, no, one, my, your, his等，則可與單數(shù)名詞連用。others泛指別的人或物(但不是全部)，是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式，不能作定語， someothers表示“一些另一些”。other表示“另外的”，常與復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞連用；前the other表示“兩者中的另一個”， onethe other意為“(兩者中的)一個另一個”。the other修飾單數(shù)名詞時意為“(兩者中)另一個”， 修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞時意為“(

23、兩部分中)剩下的，其余的”。the othersthe other名詞復(fù)數(shù)，指“剩下的人(或物)，其余的人(或物)”。the other表示“兩者中的另一個”， onethe練習(xí)：We need _ four people. _ people may think like that.Some of the questions are hard; _ are easy. He has two sons.One is thin and _ is fat.There are 50 students in my class.30 are boys, and_ are girls.anotherOthe

24、rothersthe otherthe others練習(xí)：We need _ four peop(5)none, no onenone表示三者或三者以上全部否定，意為“全都不”。none既可指人又可指物，通常后接of短語。none用作主語時，謂語動詞用單復(fù)數(shù)均可。none常用來回答how many/much的提問。no one表示三者或三者以上全部否定，與nobody同義，只用來指人，其后一般不跟of短語。no one常用來回答who的提問。(5)none, no one練習(xí)：_ of us want(s) to go, but we have to. Everyone is here；_ i

25、s away.(6)every, eachevery用來指三者或三者以上，側(cè)重整體而不指個別，它不能單獨作主語或賓語，只有與名詞連用或構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞時，才能作主語和賓語。every常可用于某些固定搭配中。Noneno one練習(xí)：_ of us want(s) to each則用來指兩者或兩者以上，側(cè)重于個別情況，可作主語、賓語、定語或同位語。作主語時，后接謂語的單數(shù)形式，但each作主語同位語時，謂語動詞與主語一致。練習(xí)：He knew by heart _ word in her letter. He gave an apple to _.everyeacheach則用來指兩者或兩者以上，側(cè)重

26、于個別情況，可作主語、賓(7)all, bothall指三者以上，或不可數(shù)的東西。all作主語時，謂語動詞既可以用單數(shù)，也可以用復(fù)數(shù)。both作代詞，其用法為：與其他名詞或代詞并列出現(xiàn)，表示“兩個都”。與“of代詞(或名詞)”連用，表示“兩者都”。(7)all, both練習(xí)：_ of us like Mr.Pope. Lucy and Lily _ agree with us.Allboth練習(xí)：_ of us like Mr.Pop(8)neither, eitherneither表示“兩者都不”，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。either表示“兩個中的任何一個”，可修飾或代替單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。作

27、主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。練習(xí)：_ of the knives is useful._ of them was in good health, but both worked very hard.EitherNeither(8)neither, eitherEitherNeithe( )1.(2012廣東)Which basketball player do you like best, Kobe, James or Jordan?_ of them.Lin Shuhao is my favorite.A.AllBNone CEitherDNeither母題訓(xùn)練B( )1.(2012廣東)Which basketb( )2.(2009廣東)We have five kinds of schoolbags.Do you like this one? No.Can you show me_？A.another Bea