單句翻譯課件

1、單句翻譯翻譯是用一種語言切換成另一種語言的交際能力。高考中設(shè)立翻譯題正是對(duì)考生在英語詞匯、語法、句型結(jié)構(gòu)等英語基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力的綜合性考查，它能比較全面地反映考生的真實(shí)的英語水平。雖然高考中的漢譯英多為一些簡單句或簡單的復(fù)合句，所考核的詞匯也是些常用詞，但是學(xué)生必須在比較兩種語言的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合所學(xué)的語言知識(shí)翻譯出不僅意思正確，而且符合英語表達(dá)習(xí)慣的好句子。選擇合適的詞語選擇合適句型選擇合適的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和語氣注意 it 和 there 等特殊句型掌握句子的基本句型1. 主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語 The man was very funny.3.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語 2.主語+不及物動(dòng)詞 (+狀語

2、) Yesterday Tom saw a film at the Peace Cinema. She was walking along a river bank in the moonlight.掌握其它的基本句型祈使句Sit down, please.感嘆句Let him go now.How hard the stone is! What a hard stone it is!強(qiáng)調(diào)句 It was I who saw him on the street yesterday. Tom did come to my wedding.反意疑問句Bob doesnt like swimming

3、, does he? 插入疑問句What do you think Tom is going to talk about at the meeting? There be/ seem/ used to be句型There is a map on the wall.There used to be a church here.There seems to have been a mistake-my name isnt on the list.There is no doubt that everybody has a right to choose his own way of living.

4、There is no needThere is no point in.There is no knowing / telling倒裝句Here comes the bus.Out rushed the boy.Only then did he understand it.So excited was he that he could not go to sleep last night. Never will I do it again. Had I known that, I wouldnt have done it. 并列句He fell off his bike and hurt h

5、is leg.Study hard and youll succeed.I like swimming, but he doesnt. We must hurry or well be late.I couldnt find you so I left.It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.復(fù)合句-定語從句.Where is the man who was here just now?Frank didnt like the schoolbag that his father bought for himI want to

6、find a house whose windows face south.This is the house where we once lived.Do you know the reason why he was late?He won the game, which made us happy.As (was) expected, he performed the task with success.主語從句 What you said is wrong.表語從句This is where he put his books.賓語從句I dont know when hell leave

7、.同位語從句The fact that there are no lives on the moon is known to us all.復(fù)合句-名詞性從句時(shí)間狀語從句When I came in, he was reading.地點(diǎn)狀語從句 Please put the book where it was.原因狀語從句 He was absent because he was ill.條件狀語從句Ill be back his evening unless it rain.讓步狀語從句 Though he is young, he knows a lot of things.目的狀語從句

8、I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.結(jié)果狀語從句Mary is so busy that she can hardly afford time for holidays. 比較狀語從句He is taller than I am.方式狀語從句Do as I say and sit down.復(fù)合句-狀語從句注意漢英在表達(dá)上的不同時(shí)態(tài)問題在會(huì)議開始時(shí)，他向全體出席會(huì)議的人做了自我介紹。(present)At the beginning of the meeting, he introduced himself to all the

9、 people present.我覺得這本英語簡易讀物對(duì)學(xué)過二三年的人是很合適的。(suitable) I find this simplified English book is suitable for those who have learned English for two or three years.注意漢英在表達(dá)上的不同語態(tài)問題學(xué)生的負(fù)擔(dān)問題必須給與密切關(guān)注。(attention)The problem of students load must be paid close attention to.據(jù)說決賽已推遲到下星期一上午。(postpone)The final is s

10、aid to have been postponed till next Monday morning. 注意漢英在表達(dá)上的不同語態(tài)問題這種計(jì)算機(jī)賣得很好。(sell)This kind of computer sells well.這本書值得一讀。 (worth)This book is really worth reading.這張桌子需要修理。(need)The desk needs repairing.誰應(yīng)對(duì)起火負(fù)責(zé)？(blame)Who is to blame for starting the fire?昨晚發(fā)生了大火？(break)The fire broke out last n

11、ight.注意漢英在表達(dá)上的不同there 句型現(xiàn)在急需有一本論述這個(gè)問題的參考書。 (need)Theres a great need for a reference book on the subject. 看來有幾個(gè)理由要我們改變計(jì)劃。(appear)There appear to be several reasons for changing our plans.注意漢英在表達(dá)上的不同it 句型湯姆明白表示他不同意。（it）Tom made it clear that he disagreed.他發(fā)現(xiàn)交朋友不易。（it）He found it hard to make friends.

12、到時(shí)候你千萬要準(zhǔn)備好。(see)See to it that you are ready on time.我不帶領(lǐng)帶要緊嗎？(matter)Does it matter if I dont wear a tie?注意漢英在表達(dá)上的不同It 句型他打電話時(shí)，她恰巧不在家。(happen)It happened that she was out when he called.這里距最近的加油站五英里。(near) It is five miles to the nearest gas station.注意漢英在表達(dá)上的不同It 句型大量的砍樹和使用殺蟲劑肯定會(huì)擾亂生態(tài)平衡。(certain)It

13、is certain that cutting down a large number of trees and using insecticide will disturb the balance of nature.據(jù)報(bào)道世界上百分之九十以上的國家參加了那個(gè)國際組織。（join）It is reported that over ninety percent of the countries in the world have joined international organization.是在昨晚我去機(jī)場(chǎng)為他送行。（It）It was last night that I went to

14、 see him off at the airport.注意漢英在表達(dá)上的不同倒裝 句型測(cè)驗(yàn)中他一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤也沒犯。(Not)Not a single mistake did he make in the test.直到母親來這女孩才停止哭。(Not)Not until the mother came did the baby stop crying.不可能記下我說的每個(gè)字，也沒有必要那么做。(Neither)It is impossible to take down every word I say. Neither is it necessary to do so.注意漢英在表達(dá)上的不同倒裝

15、句型他不但表揚(yáng)他的學(xué)生，而且給了他們很多酬勞。 (Not only) Not only did he praise his students but also he gave them a big reward.天那么熱我們睡不著覺。(So)So hot was the weather that we couldnt go to sleep. 只有在我家里他們才感到無拘無束。(Only)Only in my house do they feel at home.注意漢英在表達(dá)上的不同否定句型我一點(diǎn)也不害怕。(bit) I was not a bit frightened.（比較）我嚇壞了。 I

16、 was not a little frightened. 這展覽會(huì)決不能說是失敗，而是巨大的成功。(far from)The show is far from being a failure; it was a great success.這本書我完全看不懂。(beyond)This book is quite beyond my comprehension.注意漢英在表達(dá)上的不同否定句型他是我最不想見的人。He is the last man I want to see.過街時(shí)愈當(dāng)心愈好。(careful) You cannot be too careful in crossing the

17、 street.那些書我怎么讀也不夠。(enough)I could not read enough of those books.注意漢英在表達(dá)上的不同其它注意點(diǎn) 警察一小時(shí)后才到。(It)It was an hour before the police arrived.學(xué)習(xí)越努力，學(xué)到的東西就越多。(hard)The harder you study, the more you will learn. 這起居室的大小是臥室的兩倍。The sitting-room is twice as large as / larger than / the size of the bedroom.1 仔

18、細(xì)審題，確定英語句子的總結(jié)構(gòu)，注意句后括號(hào)中的詞 對(duì)句結(jié)構(gòu)的提示。 2 按照句子中的內(nèi)容，判斷它的基本時(shí)態(tài)。3 選擇適當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z詞語，并注意詞語的搭配要符合英語表達(dá) 的習(xí)慣。4 如是復(fù)合句，在譯的過程中，首先寫出主句部分， 然后是 狀語或定語等 成分，并要注意句子的詞序要符合英語的表 達(dá)習(xí)慣。5 最后復(fù)看時(shí)，對(duì)照中文檢查有否漏譯部分，并注意主謂是 否一致，名詞 的單復(fù)數(shù)、冠詞和標(biāo)點(diǎn)等等是否正確。總結(jié)練習(xí)據(jù)說英語的客觀考試是20世紀(jì)70年代引入中國的。introduceHow I wish I could become a volunteer at the Shanghai Expo 2010.我多么希望能在百忙之中2010年上海世博會(huì)上當(dāng)志愿者。wishI think whether we can realize our dreams mainly depends not on opportunities but on our effort.It is said that the English objective test was introduced into China in the 1970s.我認(rèn)為能否實(shí)現(xiàn)理想主要靠努力而不是機(jī)遇。 notbut練習(xí)醫(yī)生建議孩子要少吃象炸雞這樣的垃圾食品。(suggest)Sitting in front of co