2020人教版新目標(biāo)(青島)九年級語法專練：被動(dòng)語態(tài)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(共21張)課件

1、被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)英語的語態(tài)是通過動(dòng)詞形式的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。英語中有兩種語態(tài)：主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主動(dòng)語態(tài)：表示主語和謂語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。 We clean the classroom every day.被動(dòng)語態(tài)：1. 定義：表示主語和謂語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，主語被。2. 謂語結(jié)構(gòu)是：be+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞3. 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)出者：by +賓語代詞或名詞3. be有各種時(shí)態(tài)變化。 英語的語態(tài)是通過動(dòng)詞形式的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。我們每年都 種樹 。We plant trees every year.樹每年都被我們種。Trees are planted by us every year.我們?nèi)ツ?種樹了。We

2、planted trees last year.樹去年都被我們種了。Trees were planted by us last year.我們每年都 種樹 。我們?nèi)ツ?種樹了。She speaks English every day. English is spoken by her every day. She speaks English every day. 被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成形式一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)is / am / are + 過去分詞一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)was / were + 過去分詞一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)will be + 過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)have / has been +

3、 過去分詞含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)can / may / must / need / should + be + 過去分詞典例精析】1. Can you sing the English song? Yes, a little. It _ on the radio yesterday. A. taughtB. is taughtC. was taught 2. Its difficult to get to the other side of the river. I think a bridge _ over the riverA. should be built B. should build

4、 C. will buildD. has built 被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成形式一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)is / am / ar詞條詞性含義用法take place不及物動(dòng)詞短語發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)；舉行（某事）按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行或按計(jì)劃發(fā)生happen不及物動(dòng)詞發(fā)生常指具體事件的發(fā)生，特別指那些偶然的或未能預(yù)見的“發(fā)生”注：兩者都沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)詞條詞性含義用法take place不及物動(dòng)詞短語發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的特殊情況1. 一些動(dòng)詞短語用被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞短語應(yīng)視為一個(gè)整體，而不能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。The little dog must be looked after well. 那只小狗必須得到很好的照顧。 2. ma

5、ke，see，watch，hear，notice，feel等使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中與省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式連用，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)后，必須加上to。I often see the old man run in the morning. The old man is often seen to run in the morning. 我經(jīng)?？匆娔莻€(gè)老人早晨跑步。3. look, sound, taste, smell等系動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表被動(dòng)意義。 The pears taste nice. 那些梨味道很好。4. 不及物動(dòng)詞與狀語連用，用以表示主語的品質(zhì)和狀態(tài)。常見的此類動(dòng)詞有：cut，sell

6、，read，write，fill，cook，lock，wash，drive，keep等。 The book sells well. 這本書賣得很好?！镜淅觥?. Jim is often seen _ basketball at school. A. play B. to play C. playsD. played2. If the small trees _, they will grow up quickly.A. take good care B. take good care of C. are taken good care D. are taken good care of被

7、動(dòng)語態(tài)的特殊情況【典例精析】( ) 1. My room _ by myself every day. A. is cleaned B. cleanedC. has cleanedD. is clean來源:學(xué)+( ) 2. My pencil _ the day before yesterday. A. will be found B. was found C. is found D. was find( ) 3. The work _ well _ and my mother smiled. A. is, done B. was, doneC. will be doneD. was do(

8、 ) 4. His letter _ soon. He can play with you in a short time. A. wont be finished B. was finished C. will be finishedD. will be finish( ) 5. I believe that those mountains _ with trees in a few years time. A. are covered B. will be covered C. are covering D.were covered( ) 6. Today many trees are b

9、eing cut in our country. So more trees _ A. must plantB. must be plant C. must be plantedD. must planted( ) 7. The flowers _ every day. A. should water B. should be watered C. shouldnt be watered D. were watered( ) 8. Many boys and girls are made _ what they dont want to. A. to do B. doC. doneD. doi

10、ng( ) 9. Mr. Johnsons story _ by everyone who heard it. A. laughed at B. was laughed C. laughed D. was laughed at( ) 10. The silk dress _ soft and comfortable. A. is feelingB. feels C. has feltD. is feltPractice( ) 1. My room _ by m( ) 11. His new book_ next month. A. will be published B. is publish

11、ingC. is published D. was published( ) 12. The waiter _ for a long time.A. was made wait B. was made to waitC. made waitD. made to wait( ) 13. This kind of popular skirts _ beautiful and _ well. Now all of them _. A. looks, sells, have been sold out B. is looked, is sold, have been sold oC. looks, i

12、s sold, have been sold outD. looks, sells, sell out( ) 14. New computers _ all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used( ) 15. Where is Mary? She _ in the cinema an hour ago.A. saw B. sees C. is seen D. was seen ( ) 16. Your city looks beautiful! Yes, Lots of trees and grass

13、_last year.A. are planted B. have planted C .will be planted D .were planted Practice( ) 11. His new book_情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞Can,may,must,shall,could,might,should,would,need,have to,dare一、定義情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說話者的情感、態(tài)度和語氣。它們本身有一定的意義, 但沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化, 不能單獨(dú)作謂語, 須和動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成句子的謂語。表示否定時(shí)在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加not (must, have to除外), 表示疑問時(shí)將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提至主語前即可。mu

14、st, should, may, might都可以表示“可以”, 可能性程度由大到小依次為: must should may might。Can,may,must,shall,could,might原形(過去式)用法含義can(could)表示能力(= be able to)能; 會(huì)(疑問句中)表示請求可以(否定句、疑問句中)表示可能性can可能cant不可能常見情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法1. can/could用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過去式表示比原形更委婉的語氣。原形用法含義can表示能力(= be able to)能may(might)表示可能性(可與maybe互換)可能表示客氣請求可以表示祝愿祝2. may/m

15、ight用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過去式表示比原形更委婉的語氣。注意 May. . . ? 句式的否定回答: No, . . . mustnt/cant. may(might)表示可能性(可與maybe互換)可能表示must表示義務(wù)、命令或要求必須表示肯定的猜測(否定的猜測用cant)一定mustnt禁止3. must的用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過去式表示比原形更委婉的語氣。Must. . . ? 句式的否定回答: No, . . . neednt.或dont have to have to有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化, 表示受客觀條件限制, 意為“不得不”must表示義務(wù)、命令或要求必須表示肯定的猜測一定mustn4.

16、shall/should的用法shall(should)Shall. . . ? 用于第一人稱, 表示建議或請求好嗎? should用于各種人稱, 強(qiáng)調(diào)義務(wù)或責(zé)任應(yīng)該情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過去式表示比原形更委婉的語氣。4. shall/should的用法shallShall. will(would)用于第二人稱疑問句中, 表示征求意見或提建議愿意will用于各種人稱, 表示意愿5. will/would的用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過去式表示比原形更委婉的語氣。will用于第二人稱疑問句中, 表示征求意見或提建議愿意wi區(qū)別must“一定是”, 用來表示有把握的肯定推測cant“不可能是”, 用來表示有把握的否定推測辨

17、析. must &cant區(qū)別have to主要表示客觀需要, 意為“不得不”。有人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的變化(has to; had to; will have to)must強(qiáng)調(diào)說話人的主觀看法, 意為“必須; 應(yīng)該”否定形式的不同: mustnt表示“禁止; 不應(yīng)該”; not have to表示“不必”, 相當(dāng)于neednt辨析 must& have to區(qū)must“一定是”, 用來表示有把握的肯定推測cant“區(qū)別表示某種能力時(shí), 二者可通用can只用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí)(could), be able to可用于各種時(shí)態(tài)遇到有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)只能用be able tocan & be able

18、tomaybe用于句首表示“可能; 也許”, 相當(dāng)于perhapsmay be其中may是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞, 后接動(dòng)詞原形be, 表示“可能是”, 在句中作謂語。兩者可互換。maybe & may be區(qū)表示某種能力時(shí), 二者可通用can只用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí)(c1.(2013福州中考)Is that girl Susan? Itbe her. She left for Beijing yesterday. A .needntB. cantC. mustnt2. (2013安徽中考)Youdrive your car so fast. Its very dangerous. A. wouldnt B.

19、shouldnt C. couldnt D. mightnt3. (2013青島中考)Excuse me, sir. Youopen the door before the train stops. A. mustnt B. neednt C. may not D. dont have to4. (2013淄博中考)Honey, how are you feeling now? I am much better, Mum. So youtake me to see the doctor. A. cantB. mustntC. needntD. couldnt5. (2012南通中考)Can I

20、 walk across the road now, mum? No, you. You have to wait until the light turns green. A. couldnt B. shouldnt C. mustnt D. neednt6.Must we leave now? No, we. We still have two more hours. A.cant B. mustnt C. needntD. shouldntPractice1.(2013福州中考)Is that girl Sus 1. Where is Tom? He hasnt come to school today. I think he _be ill. A. would B. can C. cant D. might2. There is somebody at the door. Who _it be? Is it the postman ? N