現(xiàn)在完成時及現(xiàn)在完成進行時講解及練習

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)專心-專注-專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進行時一.現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成:現(xiàn)在完成時由助動詞 have(has)+動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成。has用于第三人稱單數(shù),have用于其他各種人稱.二.現(xiàn)在完成時的用法:其用法主要有三種I.“已完成”用法:表示一個過去發(fā)生并結(jié)束的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。這一類情況可以細致分為下述兩種情況。1）表示開始于過去的動作剛剛結(jié)束。常和just，now，already，yet，notyet等不確定的時間狀語連用。Li Ming has just turned off

2、 the light.李明剛剛把燈關(guān)上。（說明現(xiàn)在燈關(guān)上了）Ive finished my homework now.現(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)做完作業(yè)了。（說明可以交作業(yè)或做別的了）2）表示過去動作的結(jié)果，現(xiàn)在仍殘留著。一般不用時間狀語。I have lost my pen.我把筆丟了。（說明過去某時丟的，現(xiàn)在我還沒找到這支筆）She has become a teacher.她已經(jīng)當了老師。（說明她現(xiàn)在仍是老師）II.“未完成”用法。表示動作或狀態(tài)從過去某時開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能繼續(xù)下去，也可能剛剛結(jié)束。常和表示一段時間的狀語連用。如today，this week（month），lately，recent

3、ly，these days，in the past few days，during the last two weeks，since，since yesterday，since 2 days ago，since 1991，for a long time，for a month，so far，up to now，till（until） now等。He has lived here for 30 years.他住在這兒三十年了。（現(xiàn)在還住在這兒）Theyve known each other since childhood.他們從小彼此相識。（現(xiàn)在還在往來）How long have you st

4、udied English？你學英語多久了？（現(xiàn)在仍在學）III.經(jīng)驗性用法:表示從過去開始到目前為止這段時間中反復發(fā)生的動作或多次出現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)。常與頻度副詞如often,always,every week,twice等連用。I have been to the Summer He has always said so.他總是這么說.三.現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語I現(xiàn)在完成時屬于現(xiàn)在時范圍，故不能和過去的時間狀語連用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在強調(diào)動作產(chǎn)生的后果和影響時，可以和一些表示不確定的時間狀語連用。用副詞alread

5、y和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑問句中。如：We have already finished our homework.我們已完成作業(yè)了。They havent finished their homework yet.他們還沒有完成作業(yè)。用ever和never.多用于否定或疑問句中，表示“曾經(jīng)”或“從未“等。 如：-Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾經(jīng)去過長城嗎?-I have never been to the Great Wall.我從未去過長城。用表示到說話為止的過去時間狀語，如just, before, u

6、p to now, the past few years等。例如：I have seen her before,but I can not remember where.我以前見過她，但記不起在哪里見過。He has been there three times the last few days.近幾天他去過那里三次了。用包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)的時間狀語，如now,today,this morning(month,year,term)等。例如：-Have you met him today?-No,I havent.今天你見過他嗎？我沒有。How many times have you been

7、there this year?今年你去過那里多少次？II短暫性動詞不能和表一段時間的時間狀語連用。如：come, go, arrive, reach, hear, close, leave, begin, start, lose, buy, fall, join, die, get up等。但如果要保留表一段時間的時間狀語，必須將動詞改為延續(xù)性動詞?，F(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)一下由非延續(xù)性動詞到延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換如：fall asleep (ill) be asleep (ill)get to know know die be deadbegin,(start) be on open be open buy

8、haveget up be up go out be out come be inclosebe closed arrivebe here joinbe in, be a +名詞 finish( end )be over leave, move be away, borrow keepgo to schoolbe a student catch(a cold) have(a cold)begin to studystudy come backbe backput onwear 或be on如：He has been a soldier for three years.他參軍三年了。His fa

9、ther has been dead for two years.他父親去世二年了。The film has been on for 5 minutes.電影已開始五分鐘了。We have studied English for three years. 我們（開始）學英語已三年了。四.幾點注意事項I.have been(to)表示“去過某地（現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了）”，可用于各人稱；have gone(to)表示“去某地了（說話時某人不在當?shù)兀?，常用于第三人稱，前者可與once ,never,several times等連用，后者則不能。如：They have been to Beijing tw

10、ice.他們?nèi)ミ^北京兩次。He has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了。II.不可延續(xù)性動詞現(xiàn)在完成時的否定式，已變成一種可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)，因此可以和表示一段時間的狀語連用。如：I havent left here since 1997.自從1997年以來，我一直沒有離開過這兒。（錯）I have received his letter for a month.（對）I havent received his letter for almost a month.練習一.用since和for填空1._two years 2._two years ago 3._last month

11、4._ 19995._yesterday 6._ 4 oclock 7 4 hours 8._an hour ago9._we were children 10._ lunch time 11._ she left 12. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last.13. Ive known him _ we were children.14. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years.15. She has been away from the city _ about ten years

12、.16. Its about ten years _ she left the city.二.單項選擇。1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to him . A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know2、He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ?A. already B.never C.ever D.still3、Have you met Mr Li _？ A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago4、

13、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written5、Our country _ a lot so far . Yes . I hope it will be even _ . A.has changed ; well B.changed ; good C.has changed ; better D.changed ; better 6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years .

14、 A. was ; studying B. will ; study C. has ; studied D. are ; studying 7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . A.will see B.have seen C.saw D.see9、These farmers have been to the United States . Really ? W

15、hen _ there ? A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone 10、_ you _ your homework yet ? Yes . I _ it a moment ago . A.Did ; do ; finished B.Have ; done ; finished C.Have ; done ; have finished D.will ; do ; finish11、His father _ the Party since 1978 . A. joined B. has joined C. w

16、as in D. has been in12、Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made 13、How long have you _ here ? About two months . A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived14、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . A. has begun B. had begun C. has been o

17、n D. began15、It _ ten years since he left the army . A. is B. has C. will D. was16、 Miss Green isnt in the office . she_ to the library . A.has gone B. went C.will go D. has been17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been18.The students have

18、cleaned the classroom, ? A. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent they19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived 20.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _ for 20 minutes.A. has left B. had lef

19、t C. has been away D. had been away21.The factory _ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened22.Mary and Rose _friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become23.You mustnt_ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left24.

20、The meeting _ for a week now. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over25.Miss Gao _ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught26.Ben _ a teacher for 4 years . A. has been B. has become C. was D. became27. I _ home for a week. A. have returned B. have been back C

21、. returned三.用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has _ finished his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school _ ten years.4. “Have you _ seen the film?” “No, I have _ seen it.”5. “Has the bus left _?” “Yes, it has _ left.

22、”四.用適當?shù)臅r態(tài)填空：1.Shes _ (live) here ever since she was ten.2.Both of them _ (be) in Hongkong for ten days.3.Both of them _ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.4. Half an hour _ (pass) since the train _ (leave).5. Mary_(lose) her pen. _ you _(see) it here and there?6. _ you _ (find) your watch yet?7. -Are y

23、ou thirsty? -No I _just _ (have) some orange.8. We already _ (return) the book.9. _ they _ (build) a new school in the village?10. I _(not finish) my homework . Can you help me?11. My father _ (read) the novel twice.12. I _ (buy) a book just now.13. I _ (lost ) my watch yesterday.14. My father _ (re

24、ad) this book since yesterday.五、劃線提問1) I have been there for two days._ _ _ you _ _ ?2) My father has lived here since 2000._ _ _ your father _ _?3) He left here yesterday._ _ he _ _?4) They bought a book two hours ago._ _ they _ a book六.翻譯下列句子：1.你曾經(jīng)吃過魚和薯條嗎？ 2. 我剛剛丟了我的化學書。 3. 我以前從來沒去過那個農(nóng)場。 4. 他已經(jīng)吃過午

25、飯. 5. 你已經(jīng)看過這部電影了嗎？ 6. 我哥哥還沒回來。 7.這本字典我已買了三年了。 8.他離開中國三年了。 9.我認識他們五年了。 現(xiàn)在完成進行時1 定義:現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示動作從過去某一時間開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能還要繼續(xù)下去。2 現(xiàn)在完成進行時的構(gòu)成:現(xiàn)在完成進行時是由“have/has+been+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成3 現(xiàn)在完成進行時的基本句型肯定式 I/We have been working.疑問式 Have you been working？ 簡略回答 Yes，I/we have. No，I/we havent.肯定式 He/She/It has been working

26、.疑問式 Has he/she/it been working？ 簡略回答 Yes，he/she/it has. No，he/she/it hasnt.4 現(xiàn)在完成時的用法在強調(diào)指出動作還未結(jié)束，還要繼續(xù)下去。如：Ive been reading this book for two hours，but I havent finished it. 這本書我已讀了兩個小時了，但我還沒讀完。Ive read this book.我已讀完這本書了。2）強調(diào)動作延續(xù)時間的長久或帶感情色彩。She has always been working like that.她一貫是這樣工作的。3）現(xiàn)在完成進行時也

27、可表示現(xiàn)在以前這段時間反復發(fā)生的事情。Weve been seeing quite a lot of each other recently.最近我們經(jīng)常見面。5 現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進行時的區(qū)別1）現(xiàn)在完成進行時更強調(diào)動作的延續(xù)性,它是現(xiàn)在完成時的強調(diào)形式。試比較：Weve been living here for ten years.Weve lived here for ten years.我們在這兒已經(jīng)住了十年了。2）在不用時間狀語的情況下，現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示動作仍在進行。而現(xiàn)在完成時則表示動作在過去已結(jié)束。如：The students have been preparing for

28、the exam.（還在進行）學生們一直在準備考試。The students have prepared for the exam.（已經(jīng)結(jié)束）學生們?yōu)榭荚囎髁藴蕚洹?）有些表示狀態(tài)，感情，感覺的動詞如：have，exist，like，hate，hear，know，sound等動詞不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進行時，但可用于現(xiàn)在完成時。如：Theyve known each other since 1970.自從1970年起他們就相互認識了。練習Mr Li swimming for 3 hours, and his son an hour ago.has been, started B.have star

29、ted, has startedC.started, started D. Has started, has started-How long you stamps? -Since two years ago.have, collect B.have, been collecting C.did, collect D.are, collectingShe had a headache because she too long. She ought to shop.has been reading B.had read C.is reading D.readThe boy TV all the

30、morning.has watched B.had watched C.has been watching D.watched- have you been learning to swim? -Half a year.How long B. How often C.How far D.WhenOur teacher has been teaching in this school for .two year and a half B.two and a half yearC.two years and half D.two and a half yearsHe it for two hour

31、s, and hes still watching now.has been watched B.watching C.has been watching D.is watching現(xiàn)在完成時專項練習一、 單項選擇。1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to him . A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know2、He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ?A. already B.never C.ever D.still3、Have yo

32、u met Mr Li _？ A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written5、Our country _ a lot so far . Yes . I hope it will be even _ . A.has changed ; well B.changed ; good C.has changed ; better D.changed ; be

33、tter 6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . A. was ; studying B. will ; study C. has ; studied D. are ; studying 7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . A.will see B.have seen C.saw D.see9、T

34、hese farmers have been to the United States . Really ? When _ there ? A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone 10、_ you _ your homework yet ? Yes . I _ it a moment ago .A.Did ;do ;finished B.Have ;done ;finished C.Have ; done ; have finished D.will ; do ; finish11、 His father _

35、 the Party since 1978 . A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in 12、Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made 13、How long have you _ here ? About two months . A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived 14、Hurry up! The play _ for

36、 ten minutes . A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began15、 It _ ten years since he left the army . A. is B. has C. will D. was16、 Miss Green isnt in the office . she_ to the library . A.has gone B. went C.will go D. has been17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . A. have been in B. have be

37、en to C. have gone to D. have been18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ? A. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent they19、_ has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he _ to China?A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived 20、 His uncle _ for more

38、than 9 years.A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university21.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _ for 20 minutes.A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away22. I _ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in23.Th

39、e factory _ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened24.Mary and Rose _friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become25.You mustnt_ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left26.The meeting _ for a week now. A. has fin

40、ished B. has ended C. has been over27.Miss Gao _ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught28.Ben _ a teacher for 4 years . A. has been B. has become C. was D. became29. I _ home for a week. A. have returned B. have been back C. returned30. How long _ he _ ? A. died

41、B. has, died C. has, been dead31. He _ at eight yesterday afternoon. A. slept B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept32.He _ the car for a week. A. bought B. has bought C. has had 33.-How long _you _ill ? -Two weeks. A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, bee34.Since 2000, he _ his hometown. A. has le

42、ft B. has moved away C. has been away from35.Ill lend you the book , but you can only _ it for 2 days. A. borrow B. keep C. take36.The bus _ on the road for 2 hours so far.A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been37.Are you _ the jacket these days? A. wearing B. putting on C. dressing D. on38.He _for 2

43、hours. A. got up B. has got up C. has been up39. Tom is ill in hospital. He _ a cold for several days. A. is B. catches C. has caught D. has had40.- How long can I _ the book? - Two weeks. A. borrow B. lend C. get D. keep二、 句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1、He has never surfed, _ ?（改成反意疑問句） 2、They have been here since 2000. (

44、對劃線部分提問) _ have they been here?3、The old man _ last year. He _ for a year. (die) （動詞填空）4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) This factory _ for twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同義句） Her moth

45、er _ the Party three years _ .7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) _ two years _ the Green family moved to France.8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把兩個句子合并成一個句子) _ 三、 漢譯英。1、 吉姆已做完作業(yè)，他現(xiàn)在有空了。2、 他昨天收到一封信。3、 我父親以前到過長城。4、 她還沒有看過那部新電影。5、 她去過上海。6、 他這些天上哪兒去了？現(xiàn)在完成時

46、態(tài)練習題答案一翻譯下列句子：1. Have you ever had / eaten fish and chips? 2. I have just lost my chemistry book.3. I have never been to the farm before. 4. He has already had lunch = He has had lunch already.5. Have you seen the movie yet? 6. My brother hasnt come /get / been back yet = My brother hasnt returned y

47、et.7. I have had this dictionary for three years / since three years ago. 8. Has been away from China for three years.9.I have known them for five years. 10. They have been in the USA for five years.11. He has been here since he moved to Jining.12. My sister has been a college student for three year

48、s = My sister has been in college for three years.13. They have known each other since 1999. 14. I have been in this school for over three years.二、用since或者for填空1. for 2. since 3. since 4. since 5. since 6. since7. for 8 since 9.since 10. since 11. since 2.since 13. since 14.for 15.for 16. since四、劃線提

49、問1. How long have, been there 2. How long has , lived here 3. When did , leave here 4. When did , buy五、用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。A: Where has Li Fei gone? B: He has gone to Hainan A: How long has he been there? B: He has been there for three days.A: When will he come back, do you know? B: I

50、m afraid he wont come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?A: How many times has Li Fei been to that place? B: He has been there only once.六、用have / has been to / in, have gone to及go的各種形式填空。1. has gone to 2. went to 3. has been in 4. have , been in 5. have been in 6. Have , been to ; have been7. have been in / at 8. has gone to 9. did go ; went 10. go ; have been11. are , going ; am going 12. goes 13. Did , go 14. Do ,