英語專業(yè)四級必備練習(xí)

1、TEST41.Whenastatementisnegated,itspresuppositionis_.當(dāng)一個語句的否認，其前提是A.stilltrueB.falseC.alsonegatedD.neithertruenorfalse（正確答案：A）2.Pragmaticfailuremayoccur_.語用失誤可能發(fā)生A.amonglearnersofaforeignlanguageonlyB.incross-culturalcommunicationonlyC.inbothcross-culturalandintra-culturalcommunicationD.amongspeakers

2、ofthesamelanguageonly（正確答案：C）在跨文化和文化溝通中3.Whichofthefollowingisapairofrelationalantonyms關(guān)系反義詞A.dead/aliveB.large/smallC.male/femaleD.husband/wife（正確答案：D）4.Thesentence“JohnboughtaFord”_“Johnboughtacar.”A.presupposesB.entailsC.issynonymouswithD.isconsistentwith（正確答案：B）需要5.Theinferenceofconventionalimpl

3、icaturedependson_.慣例含意的推導(dǎo)A.thecontextofcommunicationB.thehearersknowledgeofthelanguageC.thesharedknowledgeofthespeakerandthehearerD.thehearersknowledgeoftheCP.（正確答案：B）6.Therelationbetweenthewords“animal”and“monkey”isthatof_.C.antonymyD.hyponymy（正確答案：D）上下義關(guān)系7.AccordingtoSearlesclassificationofspeecha

4、cts,theactof“advising”belongstothecategoryof_.A.directivesB.commissivesC.expressivesD.assertives（正確答案：A）指令8.Whichofthefollowingutterancescanserveasanexampleofthetypeofspeechactscalled“declarations”A.Imawfullysorryforsteppingonyourtoes.B.Youarefired!C.WillyousitdownpleaseD.Theearthisaglobe.（正確答案：B）9.

5、Theexchangebelowcanbeusedasanillustrationof_.A:Yournewskirtisreallynice!B:No,no.Itisverycheap.（正確答案：C）語用失誤Intheexchangebelowthesecondspeakerhasfloutingthemaxim違犯準(zhǔn)則of_.A:Themoviewesawlastnightwasfantastic,dontyouthinkB:Thesoundeffectwasgood.（正確答案：C）relationbetween“Christopherrealized“Winniewasgone”is

6、_.A.synonymyB.entailmentthatWinniewasgone”C.presuppositionandD.inconsistency（正確答案：C）預(yù)設(shè)12.“careful”inthephrase“averycarefulgirlD.complement”is_.（正確答案：B）修飾語13.Thesentence“C”_“C.”C.presupposesD.inlcudes（正確答案：C）預(yù)設(shè)Predicationanalysis展望剖析isawayproposedbythestructuralsemanticists構(gòu)造語義學(xué)toanalyzethemeaningofa

7、_.A.morphemeB.wordC.phraseD.sentence（正確答案：D）15.Thefunctionoftheutterance“Niceweather,isntit”is_.A.referentialB.directiveC.phaticD.descriptive（正確答案：C）16.Transformationalrulesdonotchangethebasic_ofsentences.A.formB.structureC.meaningD.soundpattern（正確答案：C）“Lift”and“elevator”areusedrespectivelyinBritish

8、EnglishandAmericanEnglish,buttheyrefertothesamething.Thewordsare_synonyms.（正確答案：B）方言18.AccordingtoSearle,thoseillocutionaryacts言外行為whosepointistocommitthespeakertosomefuturecourseofactionarecalled_.A.commissivesB.directivesC.expressivesD.declaratives（正確答案：A）許諾19.Inthephrasestructurerule“SNPVP”,thear

9、rowcanbereadas_.A.isequaltoB.consistsof（正確答案：B）20.Transformationalrulesdonotchangethebasic_ofsentences.A.formB.structureC.meaningD.soundpattern（正確答案：C）1.Utterancemeaning話語意義isricherthansentencemeaning;itisidenticalwiththepurposeforwhichthespeakeruttersthesentence.Alocutionaryistheactofsayingsomethin

10、ginthefullsenseof“say”.Specificactsthatfallintoeachtypesharethesameillocutionary言外point,butdifferintheirstrength.actofostensivecommunication明示社交communicatesthepresumptionofitsownoptimalrelevance.最正確關(guān)系性5.Reference參照iswhatalinguisticformreferstointhereal,physicalworld;itdealswiththerelationshipbetween

11、thelinguisticelementandthenon-linguisticworldofexperience.argumentisalogicalparticipantinapredication,largelyidenticalwiththenominalelementsinasentence.三、TrueorFalse（每題分，總合分）samesemanticfeatureoccursinonepartofspeechonly.Forexample,femaleoccursonlyinnounssuchasmother,womangirltigressandsoonbutnotino

12、therpartsofspeech.（正確答案：錯誤）toSearlesclassificationofillocutionaryacts,inviting,ordering,advising,promisingandapologizingallfallintothecategoryofdirectives.（正確答案：錯誤）formshavingthesamesensemayhavedifferentreferencesindifferentsituationswhilelinguisticformswiththesamereferencealwayshavethesamesense.。（正

13、確答案：錯誤）importantdifferencebetweenpresuppositionandentailmentisthatpresupposition,unlikeentailment,isnotvulnerabletonegation.Thatistosay,ifasentenceisnegated,theoriginalpresuppositionisstilltrue.。（正確答案：正確）預(yù)設(shè)和蘊涵的重要差別是，預(yù)設(shè)不像蘊涵，是不容易的否認。也就是說，假如一個句子能否認的，原來的前提仍舊是真切的theviewsconcerningthestudyofsemantics語義,th

14、econtextualview,whichplacesthestudyofmeaninginthecontextinwhichlanguageisused,isoftenconsideredastheinitialefforttostudymeaninginapragmaticsense.語意圖識。（正確答案：正確）performinganillocutionaryactofrepresentative,thespeakerismakingastatementorgivingadescriptionwhichhehimselfbelievestobetrue.。（正確答案：正確）isbased

15、onsentencemeaning;itistherealizationoftheabstractmeaningofasentenceinarealsituationofcommunicationorsimplyincontext.。（正確答案：正確）8.“above”and“below”areapairofcomplementaryantonyms.。（正確答案：錯誤）DialectalsynonymscanoftenbefoundindifferentregionaldialectssuchasBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglishbutcannotbefound

16、withinthevarietyitself,forexample,withinBritishEnglishorAmericanEnglish.。（正確答案：錯誤）whenamaximunderCooperativePrinciple合作原則下的一條準(zhǔn)則isblatantlyviolated公開違犯andthehearerknowsthatitisbeingviolateddoconversationalimplicaturesarise.。（正確答案：正確）TEST51.Thechildrenknowthetaboowords禁忌詞,thepoliteformsofadress,during

17、_.A.atypicaldevelopmentB.grammaticaldevelopmentC.pragmaticdevelopmentD.vocabularydevelopment您的答案：C語用發(fā)展2._theorizedthatacquisitionoflanguageisaninnateprocess與生俱來的過程determinedbybiologicalfactorswhichlimittheimportantperiodforacquisitionofalanguagefromroughlytwoyearsofagetopubery.A.InputHypothesisB.Cri

18、ticalPeriodHypothesisC.InteractionHypothesisD.Sapir-WhorfHypothesis您的答案：B臨界周期假說3.Infirstlanguageacquisition,imitationplays_.A.aminorroleB.asignificantroleC.abasicroleD.norole您的答案：A小角色4.Linguistshavefoundthatforthevastmajorityofchildren,languagedevelopmentoccurs_.withlittleconsciousinstructionwithmuc

19、himitationwithmuchcorrectionfromtheirparentswithlittlelinguisticinput您的答案：A5.Inthefollowingstatementsaboutmotivation,whichoneisNOTtrueA.Itisdefinedasthelearnersattitudesandaffectivestateorlearningdrive.B.Ithasastrongimpactonalearnerseffortsinlearningasecondlanguage.Itoccursonlywhenlearnerslearnaseco

20、ndlanguageforexternalpurpose.D.Itplaysanimportantroleinlearnersuseoflearningstrategies.您的答案：Cmeaningthatcanbefoundinthedictionaryisthe_meaningofaword.您的答案：D外延7.TheSapir-WhorfHypothesisisabout_.薩丕爾-沃爾夫假說A.languageandthoughtB.languageandtranslationC.culturalstructureD.secondlanguageacquisition您的答案：A8.

21、Thefactthatalexicalitem一個詞項mayundergoashiftinmeaningiscalled_inlinguistics.您的答案：Cmeaning-shift9.Languagechangeis_.continuous,regular,systematic,butnotuniversaluniversal,continuous,butnotregularandsystematicalwaysregularandsystematic,butnotuniversalandcontinuousD.universal,continuousand,toalargeexten

22、t,regularandsystematic您的答案：D廣泛的，連續(xù)的，在很大程度上，按期和系統(tǒng)的theageoftwo,childrenbegintoproducetwo-wordutterancessuchas“mommysock”,whichofthefollowingstatementsdescribesitsfeatureThiskindofspeechiscalledcaretakertalk.Thiskindofspeechiscalledtelegraphicspeech.Therearecontentwordsinthespeech.Therearenotfunctionel

23、ementsinthespeech.您的答案：A11.Thelanguagecharacteristicofpeopleofthesamesocialbackgroundiscalled_.您的答案：C方言12.Themoststrikingdifferencebetweenthelanguageoftheoldandthatoftheyoungisfound_.inthewaytheyconstructsentencesinthewaytheyusebodylanguage您的答案：A13.AccordingtoFergusonsinvestigation,thehighformofalan

24、guageisusedinallthefollowingsituationsinadiglossiccountryEXCEPT_.您的答案：C政治漫畫標(biāo)題toSapir-WhorfHypothesis,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrueDifferentlanguagesofferpeopledifferentwaysofexpressingtheworldaround.Languagestructurepeoplehabituallyuseshowsnoinfluenceonpeoplesbehavior.C.Languagefilterspeoplespercepti

25、onandthewaytheycategorizeexperiences.D.Languagepatternsdetermineorinfluencepeoplesthinkingandbehavior.您的答案：B人們習(xí)慣性地使用語言構(gòu)造對人們的行為沒有影響。ofthefollowingabouttherelationshipbetweenlanguageandcultureisNOTtrueLanguageuseistintedwithitsculture.Therelationshipisanalogoustothatofstructuresandprocesses.Languageex

26、pressesculturalreality.Therelationshipoflanguagetocultureisthatofparttowhole.您的答案：B這類關(guān)系近似于構(gòu)造和過程的關(guān)系。culturethatisabstract,ambiguousandhiddenrefersto_.您的答案：A“Radar”isa/an_.您的答案：D錢幣制度18.Thestudyofhowlanguageislearnediscalled_.您的答案：Bthefollowingtheories,whichhasnothingtodowithchildlanguageacquisitionA.T

27、hecontextualistviews.B.Thebehavioristviews.C.Theinnatistviews.D.Theinterationistviews.您的答案：AAccordingtosomeinvestigations,allthefollowingcharacterizewomenspeakersspeechEXCEPT_.A.theytendtousesuchwordsasawfully,terriblemoreoftenthanmentheytendtobemorecorrectintheirusagethanmentheytendtospeakmorequick

28、lythanmentheytendtousequestiontagsmoreoftenthanmen您的答案：C21.WhatdescriptionisTRUEwithstandarddialectItisrelatedtosomeparticulargroupoflanguageusersinChina.B.Itisasociallyprestigiousdialectofalanguage,henceasociolect.C.Itisasuperimposedformaboveovertherangeofregionaldialect.D.Itismostcorrectinlinguist

29、icformsamongallthelanguagevarietiestolinguists.您的答案：C這是一個疊加的形式以上的地區(qū)方言的范圍。famousline“Myloveisared,redrose”stirsuptheimaginationofabeautifulyounglady.Thisisthe_meaning.您的答案：B標(biāo)記性的ThefollowingisthelanguageusedbytwospeakersAandB.A:Ididityesterday.B:Idoneityesterday.Hehasntgotit.AItwasshethatsaiditItwashe

30、rwhatsaidit.Fromthiswecaninferthat_.AandBsrelativesocialstatuscanroughlybeestimatedAndBhavecomefromdifferentregionsC.AandBdisplaydifferentlinguisticskillsandlinguisticcompetenceAandBhavelearneddifferentlanguagesatschool您的答案：A,B方的相對社會地位能夠大略預(yù)計istruethatwordsmayshiftinmeaning,.semanticchange.Thesemanti

31、cchangeofthewordtailbelongto_.narrowingofmeaningmeaningshiftwideningofmeaninglossofmeaning您的答案：C意義擴大25.Aslateasthefifteenandsixteenthcenturies,onecouldmerelyaddnotattheendofanaffirmativesentencetonegateit,asinILovetheenot.However,inmodernEnglish,peoplewillsay“Idonotloveyou.”Thisshowschangein_.A.voca

32、bularyB.agreementruleC.syntacticrelationsD.negationrule您的答案：D否認規(guī)則isdefinedasanyregionallyorsociallydefinablehumangroupidentifiedbysharedlinguisticsystem.您的答案：A語言社區(qū)Variationinlanguageuseisalsoassociatedwiththesexofindividualspeakers.Whichofthefollowingtermdoesthisdefinitionfitfor您的答案：Bsociolinguistic

33、conceptdoesthisfollowingsayingbelongtoIfwedontbeginstudyingforthefinal,awholesemestersworkisgoingdownthetubes.A.SlangB.EuphemismC.TabooD.Ethnicdialect您的答案：A俚語ofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutBlackEnglishA.BlackEnglishhasitsownfeaturesatthesound,word,andsentencelevel.BlackEnglishisspokenbyasmall

34、sectorofprivilegedblacks.BlackEnglishtendstoimpresspeopleasuneducatedandinferior.BlackEnglishisjustanothernon-standardvarietyofEnglish.您的答案：B黑人英語是由一個小部門的特權(quán)黑人所說的。30.Amongthefollowingtermsforthetypesoflanguage,whichisconsideredamoreneutralterms中立項您的答案：D語言變體InHallidayB.thetypeoflanguageselectedasapprop

35、riatetoatypeofsituationtheareaofoperationofthelanguageactivitythechannelofcommunicationselectedasappropriateforacertainsituation您的答案：B選定的語言種類為適合的一種狀況32._varietyreferstospeechvariationaccordingtotheparticularareawhereaspeakercomesfrom.A.RegionalB.SocialC.StylisticD.Idiolectal您的答案：A地區(qū)33._inapersonsspeech,orwriting,usuallyrangesonacontinuumfromcasualtoformalaccordingtothetypeofcommunicativecontext.您的答案：C語體二、TrueorFalse（每題分，總合分）reasonforFrenchtousechevalandforEnglishtousehorsetorefertothesameanimalisinexplicable沒法解說的.正確fromlearnsmothertongueistheonlys