高中英語語法-Articles冠詞講解-24張課件

1、冠詞 Articles12冠詞 Articles12冠詞 I.冠詞的定義 冠詞是一種虛詞,沒有詞義,沒有數(shù)和格的變化,不能單獨(dú)使用,只能幫助名詞或起名詞作用的其它詞類說明其意義. II.冠詞的種類 冠詞分為定冠詞和不定冠詞兩大類.定冠詞特指一特定名詞,不定冠詞泛指一 般普通名詞.22022/10/1冠詞 I.冠詞的定義22022/9/28語法 Articles ( 冠詞）冠詞不定冠詞定冠詞零冠詞aanthe不使用冠詞32022/10/1語法 Articles ( 冠詞）冠詞不定冠詞定冠詞零冠詞aA.不定冠詞的用法不定冠詞有a和an兩種形式.a用在以輔音開頭的名詞前, 一般讀作; an 用在以元

2、音開頭的名詞前,一般讀作n. e.g. _book _ egg _ useful book _ underground room 基本用法：指人或事物的某一種類 e.g. She is a girl. 她是女孩 This is a desk. 這是一張書桌42022/10/1A.不定冠詞的用法不定冠詞有a和an兩種形式.a用在以輔音開1.首次提到某人或某物,常起介紹作用. He is a doctor. He is studying in a university.2.在單數(shù)普通名詞前,指一類人或事物,通常不必譯出. A fox is a cunning animal. =Foxes are

3、cunning animals. =The fox is a cunning animal.3.表示“數(shù)量”，“有一”“每一”,相當(dāng)于every，one e.g. We have six classes a day. 52022/10/11.首次提到某人或某物,常起介紹作用.52022/9/284.表示 “相同 ”相當(dāng)于the same We are nearly of an age.5.用于人名前，表示不認(rèn)識(shí)此人或與某名人有類似性質(zhì)的人或事 A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were out.6.用于quite, rather, many, hal

4、f, what such之后 The room is rather a big one.7.用于so(as,too, how)+形容詞之后 She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.62022/10/14.表示 “相同 ”相當(dāng)于the same62022/9/28.用于某些固定詞組中 an hour or two, have a swim/walk/look /talk a few, a little , a lot of, a bit, a couple of, in a hurry , have a good time, do sb.

5、a favor, pay a visit to, in a day or two, take a bath, have a cold (fever, headache) many a +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞(表示許多.當(dāng)它做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)) many a student72022/10/18.用于某些固定詞組中72022/9/28B.定冠詞的用法定冠詞the與指示代詞this，that同源，“那/這個(gè)”，來表示某個(gè)或某些特定的人或東西?；居梅ǎ骸疤刂浮?特指某（些）人或者某（些）事物,以便與其他的人或物有所區(qū)別 e.g. The book on the desk is Jims. The c

6、hairs are there. 82022/10/1B.定冠詞的用法定冠詞the與指示代詞this，that同源1.在敘述中，上文提到過的人或者事物，再次出現(xiàn)時(shí)：I can see a kite. ：Where is the kite? He bought a car. Ive seen the car.2.在表示世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物的名詞前 the sun the sky the moon the earth the world92022/10/11.在敘述中，上文提到過的人或者事物，再次出現(xiàn)時(shí)92022/3.在談話雙方都知道的特定的人或事物的名詞前.Pass me the book, p

7、lease.Would you mind my opening the window?Take the medicine. Close the door.4.用在某些形容詞前,表示某一類人 the poor the rich102022/10/1102022/9/285.用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，表示“一家人”;用在國籍前，表全體 e.g. the Blacks 布來克一家 the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫婦) the Chinese6.用在表示樂器的名詞之前 the violin the piano He often plays the violin in the evening.

8、She plays the piano very well.112022/10/15.用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，表示“一家人”;用在國籍前，表全體7.用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)前 I live on the second floor.我住在二樓 Skating is the best sport in winter. 滑冰是冬天最好的運(yùn)動(dòng). Winter is the coldest season of the year. Who sings (the) best in your class?8.江河湖海運(yùn)河海灣海峽山脈群島森林平原盆地沙漠等專有名詞前the yellow river / the P

9、acific Ocean / the West lake122022/10/17.用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)前122022/9/289.發(fā)明的事物名稱前或或?yàn)l臨滅絕的動(dòng)物單數(shù)名詞前： e.g. The compass was invented in China. The tiger is in danger of dying out.10.在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞前，指世紀(jì)的某個(gè)年 in the 1990s11.在方向名詞及身體部位名詞前 on the right / left， in the east / west / south / north He patted me on the shoulde

10、r.132022/10/19.發(fā)明的事物名稱前或或?yàn)l臨滅絕的動(dòng)物單數(shù)名詞前： 132012.固定詞組中 in the end; in the morning (afternoon，evening), the day after tomorrow,the next morning, in the sky (sea, field, country, dark, rain) in the middle (of), go to the cinema at /in the end, by the way, tell the truth in the middle of; on the other han

11、d142022/10/112.固定詞組中142022/9/28定冠詞的用法口訣特指雙熟悉，上文已提及;世上獨(dú)無二，序數(shù)最高級(jí);某些專有名，習(xí)語及樂器。152022/10/1定冠詞的用法口訣152022/9/28C.零冠詞的用法不用冠詞（即零冠詞）的情況：1.表示人名地名國名等專有名詞前 Guangxi / Europe / China 2.復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指 They are teachers, not students.3.名詞前有this,my,whose,some,no,each,every等限制 I want this book.162022/10/1C.零冠詞的用法不用

12、冠詞（即零冠詞）的情況：162022/94.表示職位身份頭銜的名詞前Aunt Mary / Professor Zhang / President Lincoln5.物質(zhì)名詞或抽象名詞前Failure is the mother of success.Desks and chairs are usually made of wood.6.在季節(jié)、月份、節(jié)日、 假日、日期、星期等表示時(shí)間的名詞之前 on Monday, in summer, at Christmas,Teachers Day,on Sunday, in August,New Years Day, Fathers Day, on

13、Childrens Day Lets go to the park on Sunday. 172022/10/14.表示職位身份頭銜的名詞前172022/9/287.三餐、球類運(yùn)動(dòng)和娛樂名詞前一般不用冠詞： e.g. What do you have for_ breakfast? play _football/_basketball/_chess/_cards have supper at lunch Dinner is ready. She is at lunch. What do we have for supper?8.與by連用的表示交通工具的名詞前 by car, by train

14、182022/10/17.三餐、球類運(yùn)動(dòng)和娛樂名詞前一般不用冠詞： 189.以and連接的兩個(gè)相對(duì)的名詞并用時(shí) day and night / pen and ink / husband and wife father and son / sun and moon10.在固定短語中 at night; at home; at first; go to church; in danger; at work; go to bed; at school; at home; in hospital 192022/10/1192022/9/28不用冠詞用法口訣下列情況應(yīng)免冠，代詞限定名詞前;專有名詞不可數(shù)，學(xué)科球類三餐飯;復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指，兩節(jié)星期月份前;顏色語種和國名，稱呼習(xí)語及頭銜。202022/10/1不用冠詞用法口訣202022/9/28D.有冠詞和沒有冠詞的區(qū)別 at table 吃飯 at the table 在桌子旁 go to bed 上床睡覺 go to the bed 向床走去 by sea 乘船 by the sea 在海邊 take place 發(fā)生 take the place of 取代in charge of 負(fù)責(zé)、掌管 in the charge of 由.掌管、負(fù)責(zé)in hospital 住院 in the hospital 在