2022年浙江省寧波市高一下學(xué)期九校聯(lián)考英語試題

1、2021-2022學(xué)年浙江省寧波市高一下學(xué)期九校聯(lián)考英語試題本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第I卷（非選擇題）。滿分150分，考試用時120分鐘。第卷第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)：（共10小題；每小題2.5分，滿分25分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。AAbout 15 years ago, Andrew McLindon, a businessman and keen cyclist, was riding his bike in Austin, Texas, when he thought about a friend

2、s 12-year-old son. The boy had never known the joy of biking because he suffered from hydrocephalus, a buildup of fluid in the brain that often causes balance disturbances.When he got home, McLindon, now 60, went online and found a three wheel recumbent bike with a seat belt, perfect for a child wit

3、h balance issues. Soon the boy was pedaling around the street with his peers, having fun and getting exercise. But there was more, as McLindon gleaned from his friends reaction. “To see his son interacting with other kids,” McLindon says. “Ill never forget the smile on his face.”That smile launched

4、the McLindon Family Foundation. Funded by donations, the group works with pediatric rehab (小兒科康復(fù)) clinics to find children who can benefit from owning an adaptive bikeand to help craft each bike to the particular needs of the child. A bike may include a headrest, a shoulder harness, a seat belt, and

5、 a caregivers steering and braking mechanism in the back. The bikes are expensive$3,000 to S4,000, and thats with the foundations steep manufacturers discount. For kids lucky enough to get one, theyre a life changer.“We worked with a 14-year-old who has spina bifida (脊柱裂),” says McLindon. “She spent

6、 most days on the couch watching TV. Soon after she got her bike, she was training for special-needs triathlons (鐵人三項). In a magazine interview, she said, I always knew there was an athlete in me.”So far, the foundation has given away 450 bikes, and thats just a start. “I do a lot of things. I run a

7、 lot of companies,” McLindon says. “But getting these kids their bikes is the most important thing that I do.”1. Who is Andrew McLindon?A. A caring businessman with strong social responsibility.B. A keen cyclist who promoted the awareness of cycling.C. The Family Foundation founder who made a big fo

8、rtune.D. A worker who helped to find the special-needs children.2. Why is “headrest” mentioned in Paragraph 3?A. To advertise the bike is comfortably crafted for children.B. To prove the bike is suitable for special-needs triathlons.C. To show the bike is designed for the special-needs children.D. T

9、o claim the bike is beneficial to the recovery of balance issues.3. How did the McLindon Family Foundation help the special-needs kids?A. By getting them interested in triathlons.B. By gifting an adaptive bike to them.C. By curing them of balance disturbances.D. By providing an access to the joy of

10、cycling.【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了自行車愛好者安德魯麥克林登創(chuàng)立麥克林登家族基金會，為平衡感有問題的孩子們制作適合他們騎行的特殊自行車?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第一段“About 15 years ago, Andrew McLindon, a businessman and keen cyclist, was riding his bike in Austin, Texas, when he thought about a friends 12-year-old son. (大約15年前，商人安德魯麥克林登是一名自行車愛好者，他

11、在德克薩斯州奧斯汀騎自行車時，想起了一個朋友12歲的兒子)”，第二段中的“When he got home, McLindon, now 60, went online and found a three wheel recumbent bike with a seat belt, perfect for a child with balance issues. (當(dāng)他到家時，現(xiàn)年60歲的麥克林登在網(wǎng)上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一輛帶安全帶的三輪臥姿自行車，非常適合平衡有問題的孩子)”和第三段中的“That smile launched the McLindon Family Foundation. Funded

12、 by donations, the group works with pediatric rehab (小兒科康復(fù)) clinics to find children who can benefit from owning an adaptive bikeand to help craft each bike to the particular needs of the child. (這一微笑啟動了麥克林登家庭基金會。在捐款的資助下，該組織與兒科康復(fù)診所合作，尋找能夠從擁有一輛自適應(yīng)自行車中受益的兒童，并幫助根據(jù)兒童的特殊需要設(shè)計每輛自行車)”可知，商人安德魯麥克林登創(chuàng)立麥克林登家族基金會

13、，為平衡感有問題的孩子們制作適合他們騎行的特殊自行車，可得出Andrew McLindon是富有愛心、具有強(qiáng)烈社會責(zé)任感的商人。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第三段中的“Funded by donations, the group works with pediatric rehab (小兒科康復(fù)) clinics to find children who can benefit from owning an adaptive bikeand to help craft each bike to the particular needs of the child. A bike may

14、include a headrest, a shoulder harness, a seat belt, and a caregivers steering and braking mechanism in the back. (在捐款的資助下，該組織與兒科康復(fù)診所合作，尋找能夠從擁有一輛自適應(yīng)自行車中受益的兒童，并幫助根據(jù)兒童的特殊需要設(shè)計每輛自行車。自行車可能包括頭枕、肩帶、安全帶，以及背部護(hù)理人員的轉(zhuǎn)向和制動機(jī)構(gòu))”可知，這種自行車是為平衡感有問題的孩子們制作的適合他們騎行的特殊自行車，提及“headrest (頭枕)”是為了展示這輛自行車是為有特殊需要的孩子設(shè)計的。故選C項?！?題詳解

15、】推理判斷題。由第二段中的“Soon the boy was pedaling around the street with his peers, having fun and getting exercise. But there was more, as McLindon gleaned from his friends reaction. “To see his son interacting with other kids,” McLindon says. “Ill never forget the smile on his face.”(很快，這個男孩就和他的同齡人一起在街上騎自行車

16、，玩得很開心，鍛煉身體。但麥克林登從朋友的反應(yīng)中了解到，還有更多?！翱吹剿膬鹤优c其他孩子互動，”麥克林登說?！拔矣肋h(yuǎn)不會忘記他臉上的笑容?！?”和第三段中的“That smile launched the McLindon Family Foundation. (這一微笑啟動了麥克林登家庭基金會)”可知，因為特殊需要兒童騎自行車的笑容，麥克林登啟動了麥克林登家庭基金會，可得出麥克林登家庭基金會通過讓特殊需要兒童擁有騎行的樂趣來幫助他們。故選D項。BResearch suggests that sleeping in a moderately lit room could affect met

17、abolic (新陳代謝) and cardiovascular health compared with napping in a room with dimmer light.In a study published in PNAS, researchers at Northwesterm University had two groups of 10 young adults sleep in differently lit rooms. One group slept in rooms with dim light for two nights; the other slept one

18、 night in a room with dim light and the next in a room with moderate overhead lightabout the equivalent of an cloudy day. Participants wore heart monitors at night. In the morning, they did a variety of glucose (葡萄糖) tests.Both groups got the same amount of sleep but their bodies experienced very di

19、fferent nights. Both groups responded well to insulin (胰島素) the first night, when they both slept in dim lighting. On the second night, however, the group sleeping in brighter lighting didnt respond as well to insulin. The dim light sleepers insulin resistance scores fell about 4 percent on the seco

20、nd night, while the bright sleepers rose about 15 percent. Their heart rates were faster on the bright night, too.The heightened heart rate and other measures led the researchers to conclude that light activates the sympathetic nervous system, which usually dominates bodily functions during the day.

21、 “Just a single night of exposure to moderate room lighting during sleep can damage glucose and cardiovascular (心血管的) regulation, which are risk factors for heart disease, diabetes and metabolic syndrome,” said Phyllis Zee, chief of sleep medicine at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medici

22、ne and a Northwestern Medicine physician who led the study, in a news release. “Its important for people to avoid or minimize the amount of light exposure during sleep.”The study was small and only tracked subjects for a limited time. More investigation is needed, the researchers write, but light ex

23、posure during sleep “could have implications for those living in modem societies where indoor and outdoor nighttime light exposure is increasingly widespread.”4. At which stage of the research is Paragraph 3 mainly about ?A. Making a question.B. Thinking of a method.C. Drawing a conclusion.D. Collec

24、ting the results.5. What can we learn from the text?A. Outdoor nighttime light exposure will not damage ones health.B. Those exposed to light often may suffer from heart disease and diabetesC. Daily bodily functions have nothing to do with the sympathetic nervous systemD. Phyllis Zee suggests people

25、 maximize the amount of light exposure during sleep.6. Where is the text probably from?A. A guidebook.B. A news report.C. A health magazine.D. A medical advertisement.【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一項研究，該研究表明睡眠光線環(huán)境會影響新陳代謝和心血管健康?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。第三段“Both groups got the same amount of sleep but thei

26、r bodies experienced very different nights. Both groups responded well to insulin (胰島素) the first night, when they both slept in dim lighting. On the second night, however, the group sleeping in brighter lighting didnt respond as well to insulin. The dim light sleepers insulin resistance scores fell

27、 about 4 percent on the second night, while the bright sleepers rose about 15 percent. Their heart rates were faster on the bright night, too.”（這兩組人的睡眠時間相同，但他們的身體經(jīng)歷了非常不同的夜晚。第一天晚上，兩組人都在昏暗的燈光下睡覺，對胰島素的反應(yīng)都很好。然而，在第二天晚上，在明亮光線下睡覺的那組人對胰島素的反應(yīng)沒有那么好；昏暗環(huán)境下的睡眠者胰島素抵抗分?jǐn)?shù)下降了約4%，而明亮環(huán)境下的睡眠者胰島素抵抗分?jǐn)?shù)上升了約15%。在有光照的夜晚，他們的心率

28、也更快。）介紹了兩組被試兩天夜里在不同光線環(huán)境下睡眠的胰島素反應(yīng)和心率變化，所以第三段屬于研究的收集結(jié)果階段。故選D項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的第二句的“Just a single night of exposure to moderate room lighting during sleep can damage glucose and cardiovascular (心血管的) regulation, which are risk factors for heart disease, diabetes and metabolic syndrome.”（睡眠期間，僅僅暴露在適度的

29、室內(nèi)照明一晚，就會損害血糖和心血管調(diào)節(jié)，帶來心臟病、糖尿病和代謝綜合征的風(fēng)險。）可知，常常暴露在光照下容易得心臟病和糖尿病。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。結(jié)合全文，尤其是第一段“Research suggests that sleeping in a moderately lit room could affect metabolic (新陳代謝的) and cardiovascular health compared with napping in a room with dimmer light.”（研究表明，與在光線較暗的房間小憩相比，在光線適中的房間睡覺可能會影響新陳代謝和心血管健

30、康。）提到睡眠光線環(huán)境與新陳代謝和心血管健康的關(guān)系，可知本文很可能出自健康雜志。故選C項。CThis past Earth Day, people who usually celebrated by heading outdoors relied on virtual tours instead. It was a fitting opportunity to experience virtual reality（VR）technology that some experts had advanced as an eco-friendly solution to the problem of

31、over tourism. But will interest in travelling virtually last beyond the pandemic?For years, travel agencies have used VR technology to market destinations to potential customers. Now, “the impact of COVID-19 may allow it to shake off its image of being a gimmick,” says Ralph Hollister, a tourism ana

32、lyst at Global Data.Virtual travel experiences are seeing a surge in popularity. Valerity Kondruk, CEO of VR travel company Ascape, has seen app downloads grow 60 percent from last December.Still, there is a big gap between using VR to “try before you buy” and treating VR like the destination itself

33、. To start with, the technology is not mature（成熟的）yet. 360-degree VR videos are usually experienced through a headset or an app. The headsets are expensive, heavy, and uncomfortable to wear for more than 30 minutes. The apps have none of these problems, but simply are not as impressive. Limited sens

34、ations（感覺）are another hurdle. The videos focus on the sights and sounds of a place but cannot do much with its smell, touch or taste. Additionally, tourists are neither locals nor business travelers. They tend to be less directed in their explorations and more focused on new discoveries. This simply

35、 cannot be recreated in VR.VR may never replace traditional travel, but it still offers various possibilities. Most importantly, it could help bring people to places that are otherwise inaccessible. Kondruks travel company, for instance, has been working with a major Vietnamese travel agency on recr

36、eating areas of the country where the government has limited tourist travel.Utimately, the impact of VR on ravel will be determined by the gradual development of new technologies. So far, advances have been significant, but not great enough to affect the travel industry or support a drop in travel-r

37、elated carbon emissions after the pandemic has ended.7. Whats the function of paragraph 1?A. To describe a scene.B. To introduce a topic.C. To offer an argument.D. To celebrate Earth Day.8. What does the underlined word “hurdle” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. difficultyB. sightC. differenceD. sound9. Which

38、of the following may not affect the popularity of virtual travel?A. Places accessible.B. Limited sensations.C. Indirect participation.D. Immature technology.10. What is the best title for the passage?A. Disadvantages of Virtual travel.B. Virtual travel is not here to stay.C. Virtual travel solves ov

39、er-tourism.D. Traditional travel will soon disappear.【答案】7. B 8. A 9. A 10. B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述VR在旅游業(yè)中的優(yōu)勢和缺點(diǎn)，但是作者并不看好它的前景?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“This past Earth Day, people who usually celebrated by heading outdoors relied on virtual tours instead. It was a fitting opportunity to experience virtual re

40、ality（VR）technology that some experts had advanced as an eco-friendly solution to the problem of over tourism. But will interest in travelling virtually last beyond the pandemic?（在剛剛過去的地球日，人們通常通過戶外活動來慶祝，而現(xiàn)在則依靠虛擬旅游。這是一個體驗虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)(VR)技術(shù)的好機(jī)會，一些專家提出了一種環(huán)保的解決方案，以解決過度旅游的問題。但是，在大流行病之后，虛擬旅行的興趣真的會持續(xù)下去嗎?）”可知，第一段的作

41、用是引出VR對于旅游業(yè)的話題。故選B項?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中“Still, there is a big gap between using VR to “try before you buy” and treating VR like the destination itself. To start with, the technology is not mature yet.（盡管如此，使用VR進(jìn)行“購買前試用”和將VR視為目的地之間還有很大的差距。首先，這項技術(shù)還不成熟。）”可知本段主要講述VR的劣勢，以及后文“ The videos focus on the sight

42、s and sounds of a place but cannot do much with its smell, touch or taste.（這些視頻關(guān)注的是一個地方的景象和聲音，但對它的嗅覺、觸覺或味覺無能為力）”可推測“Limited sensations are another hurdle.”是“有限的感覺是另一個困難”之意，difficulty“困難”符合題意。故選A項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“To start with, the technology is not mature（成熟的）yet. （首先，這項技術(shù)還不成熟。）”和“ Limited sensati

43、ons（感覺）are another hurdle.（有限的感覺是另一個障礙。）”以及“Additionally, tourists are neither locals nor business travelers. They tend to be less directed in their explorations and more focused on new discoveries. （此外，游客既不是本地人，也不是商務(wù)旅行者。他們傾向于在探索中少受指導(dǎo)，而更專注于新發(fā)現(xiàn)。）”，結(jié)合第四段中“Most importantly, it could help bring people t

44、o places that are otherwise inaccessible. （最重要的是，它可以幫助人們前往其他方式無法到達(dá)的地方）”可知可以訪問的地方不會影響虛擬旅行的普及。故選A項?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Utimately, the impact of VR on ravel will be determined by the gradual development of new technologies. So far, advances have been significant-. but not great enough to affect the tra

45、vel industry or support a drop in travel-related carbon emissions after the pandemic has ended.（VR對ravel的影響最終取決于新技術(shù)的逐步發(fā)展。到目前為止，進(jìn)展是顯著的。但還不足以影響旅游業(yè)，或支持疫情結(jié)束后與旅游相關(guān)的碳排放下降）”可知本文主要講VR旅行雖然有本身的優(yōu)勢，但是并不能長久。故選B項。第二節(jié)：（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。To develop ones taste in English, the

46、most effective way is to read English books extensively. _11_ I would like to share some of my experience._12_ It is recommended by many English teachers and professors as an ideal book for English learners. But I had great difficulty in understanding the novel, let alone enjoying it. Its not the vo

47、cabulary that troubled me, but rather the way Austen constructs sentences, and her way of thinking, which seemed too remote to me at that time. My fading enthusiasm was much recovered after reading Hemingways novel Farewell to Arms. I particularly liked his brief and lively style. So my first sugges

48、tion is: _13_However, reading novels is not the only way to improve your English. English essays can at once inform you, entertain you, and improve your taste in English. The best example is Bertrand Russells work. Its language is plain, yet you cannot help feeling the elegance and the unique sense

49、of humor. _14_ Here comes my second suggestion: Essays are essential.Never follow others opinions blindly, however famous or influential the person might be. _15_ With that in mind, we are sure to find out our favorite writers through reading and develop our fine taste in English.A. They are the uni

50、que characteristics of Russells works.B. Choose some simple forms of English novels to start with.C. As a saying goes, one mans meat is another mans poison.D. My first English novel was Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice.E. Youd better choose contemporary (當(dāng)代的) novels instead of classical ones.F. Howe

51、ver, one may be at a loss to choose suitable books, especially as a beginner.G. His simple language enables his philosophy (哲理) within the reach of ordinary people.【答案】11. F 12. D 13. E 14. G 15. C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了，作者認(rèn)為要學(xué)好英語必須要廣泛閱讀英語書籍，并結(jié)合自身經(jīng)歷給出了一些選擇英語書籍的建議?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)上文“To develop ones taste in E

52、nglish, the most effective way is to read English books extensively. (要培養(yǎng)一個人的英語品味，最有效的方法是廣泛閱讀英語書籍)”和下文“I would like to share some of my experience.(我想分享一些我的經(jīng)驗)”可知，提高英語最高的方法就是閱讀，且作者分享了自己關(guān)于如何選書的經(jīng)驗。由此可知，一些人不知道該如何選擇適合自己的書籍。F項“然而，一個人可能會在選擇合適的書時不知所措，尤其是作為初學(xué)者?！狈项}意。故選F項。【12題詳解】由下文“It is recommended by many

53、 English teachers and professors as an ideal book for English learners. But I had great difficulty in understanding the novel, let alone enjoying it. Its not the vocabulary that troubled me, but rather the way Austen constructs sentences, and her way of thinking, which seemed too remote to me at tha

54、t time. (這本書被許多英語老師和教授推薦為英語學(xué)習(xí)者的理想之作。但我很難理解這部小說，更不用說欣賞它了。困擾我的不是詞匯量，而是奧斯汀造句的方式和她的思維方式，這在當(dāng)時對我來說太遙遠(yuǎn)了)”可知，下文講的是奧斯汀的小說。由此推知，上文提到了簡奧斯汀的傲慢與偏見，D選項“我的第一部英語小說是簡奧斯汀的傲慢與偏見。”切題，D項中的“Jane Austen”呼應(yīng)下文中的“Austen”。故選D項?！?3題詳解】由上文“Its not the vocabulary that troubled me, but rather the way Austen constructs sentences,

55、and her way of thinking, which seemed too remote to me at that time. My fading enthusiasm was much recovered after reading Hemingways novel Farewell to Arms. I particularly liked his brief and lively style. So my first suggestion is: (困擾我的不是詞匯量，而是奧斯汀造句的方式和她的思維方式，這在當(dāng)時對我來說太遙遠(yuǎn)了。在讀了海明威的小說永別了，武器后，我漸漸失去的熱

56、情又恢復(fù)了很多。我特別喜歡他簡潔活潑的風(fēng)格。所以我的第一個建議是)”和常識可知，簡奧斯汀的傲慢與偏見屬于古典小說范疇，遣詞造句和思維方式讓作者難以理解，作者失去閱讀熱情，但讀了海明威的當(dāng)代小說永別了，武器后，因作品簡潔活潑的風(fēng)格，作者閱讀的熱情又回來了，可得出作者的的一個建議應(yīng)該是：看當(dāng)代小說而不是古典小說，承接上文，E選項“你最好選擇當(dāng)代小說而不是古典小說。”切題。故選E項?！?4題詳解】由上文“The best example is Bertrand Russells work. Its language is plain, yet you cannot help feeling the

57、elegance and the unique sense of humor. (最好的例子是伯特蘭羅素的作品。它的語言樸素，但你能感受到優(yōu)雅和獨(dú)特的幽默感)”可知，伯特蘭羅素的文字非常獨(dú)特，具有幽默感和吸引力。由此推知，下文繼續(xù)陳述他語言的特點(diǎn)。G選項“他簡潔的語言使他的哲學(xué)為普通人所接受?！背薪由衔闹v伯特蘭羅素作品語言雖樸素，但易于理解，普通人也能體會到言語中的優(yōu)雅和獨(dú)特的幽默感。故選G項。【15題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Never follow others opinions blindly, however famous or influential the person might be.(

58、永遠(yuǎn)不要盲目追隨別人的觀點(diǎn)，不管這個人多么有名或有影響力)”可知，每個人喜歡的東西是不一樣的，我們不能一味盲從他人。C選項“俗話說，蘿卜青菜各有所愛?！狈项}意，且開啟下文“With that in mind, we are sure to find out our favorite writers through reading and develop our fine taste in English. (有鑒于此，我們一定會通過閱讀找到我們最喜歡的作家，并培養(yǎng)我們良好的英語品味)”講每個人都有自己喜歡的作家和作品，人人喜好不一致。故選C項。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：

59、完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。15 years ago Erin Merry met a lost kitten when she was at college. “I was _16_ immediately and decided that I would _17_ him in my college dorm where animals are obviously not _18_,” Erin recalled.A week later she was c

60、aught and required to _19_ the cat. After several phone call, Erin _20_ to find a lady to take Ivory, the kitten. But Ivory did not get along with his new _21_. So she immediately offered to _22_ him back. “I plotted for a month to convince my parents to let me keep him.” said Erin.Six years ago, Er