高考中學(xué)英語(yǔ)詞匯辨析集錦

1、1.中學(xué)英語(yǔ)詞匯辨析集錦sound, voice,noisesound 自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice 人的嗓音，noise 噪音 I hate the loud noise outside.exercise, exercises,practicee 運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉（不可數(shù)，s 練習(xí)（可數(shù)，（反復(fù)做的）練習(xí) take exercise 做運(yùn)動(dòng)work,job二者均指工作。work 不可數(shù)，job 可數(shù) a good job，What interesting work it is!cook,cookercook 廚師，cooker 廚具 He is a good cook.police,polic

2、emane n指某個(gè)具體的警察 eeegin the blem,questionmkn連用price,prizeprice 價(jià)格，prize 獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)金 win the first prize The price is high/low.a number of, the numberofa number of 許多，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。the number The number of students is increasing.in front of, in the frontofin front of 范圍外的前面，in the front of 范圍內(nèi)的前面 A boy sits in

3、the front of the room.next the next yearnext year 將來(lái)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，the next year 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)He said he would go abroad the next year.in bed, on thebedin bed 臥在床上，on the bed 在床上 The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed.the people, apeoplethe people 指人，a people 指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people.it,oneit 同一物

4、體，one 同類不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.that,thisthat 指代上文所提到的，this 導(dǎo)出下文所要說(shuō)的 I was ill. Thats whynone, nothing, noonenone 強(qiáng)調(diào)有多少，nothing, no one 強(qiáng)調(diào)有沒(méi)有，nothing 指物，no one 指人- How many/How much? - None.anyone, anyoneanyone 指人，不能接 of，any one 指人/物均可，可接 of, any one of youwho,whatwho 指姓名或關(guān)系，what

5、指職業(yè)或地位 What is your dad? He is a teacher.what,whichwhat 的選擇基礎(chǔ)是無(wú)限制的，which 在一定范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行選擇Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?anotherother 后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)，another 后接名詞單數(shù) other students, another studentmany, much, a lotofmany 和可數(shù)名詞連用，much 和不可數(shù)名詞連用，a lot of 可數(shù)，不可數(shù)均可，但不用于否定句 I havent many books.much morethan, manym

6、orethanmuch morethan 后接形容詞或不可數(shù)名詞，many morethan 后接可數(shù)名詞 many more people, much more water, much more beautifulno,notno=not a/any, no friend=not a/any friend, no water=not any waterby oneself, for oneself, tooneselfby oneself 單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自的，for oneself 為自己，to oneself 供自己用的at all, afterallat all 根本，全然, after a

7、ll 到底，畢竟 After all he is a child.tall,hightall 常指人或動(dòng)物，high 常指物體 He is tall.fast,quicklyfast 側(cè)重于指人或物體具有運(yùn)動(dòng)速度快的特點(diǎn)，quickly 側(cè)重指某事完成或發(fā)生的快 run fast, answer the question quicklyhigh,highlyhigh 具體的高，highly 抽象的高，高度的 think highly of（高度贊揚(yáng)）sleeping, asleep,sleepysleeping 正在睡覺(jué)，asleep 睡著，熟睡，只能做表語(yǔ)，sleepy 困的，有睡意的a s

8、leeping baby， The baby is asleep. Im sleepy.real,truereal real gold, a true storypleasant, pleased,pleasingpleasant 常用作定語(yǔ)，pleased 常用作表語(yǔ)，pleased 主語(yǔ)常為人，a pleasant pleased ill,sickill 做表語(yǔ)，sick 定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)均可 a sick boy, He is sick/ill.good,wellgood 形容詞，well 副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞 He is well again.hard,hardlyhard 努力，ha

9、rdly 幾乎不 work hard, I can hardly believe it.excited,excitingexcited 使人興奮的，exciting 令人興奮的 Im excited. The news is exciting.before long, longbeforebefore long 不久以后，long before 很久以前happy,gladhappy 高興，幸福，定表均可，glad 高興，只能做表語(yǔ) a happy girl, Im happy/ glad to see you.instead, insteadofinstead 是副詞，放在句首或句末，ins

10、tead of 是介詞短語(yǔ)，放在句中He didnt see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film.too much, muchtootoo much 后接不可數(shù)名詞，much too much too heavyraise,riseraise 及物動(dòng)詞，rise 不及物動(dòng)詞 The sun rises in the east. Raise your hand, please.bring, take, carry,fetchbring 拿來(lái)，take 帶走，carry 隨身攜帶，fetch 去

11、回這一往返動(dòng)作 fetch a box of chalkspend, take, pay,costspend 人做主語(yǔ)，花錢(qián)，花時(shí)間; spendon sth./(in) doing sth; take 物做主語(yǔ)，花時(shí)間; It takes sb some time to do sth.; pay 人做主語(yǔ)，花錢(qián)，pay for; cost 物做主語(yǔ)，花錢(qián);sth cost some moneyjoin, join in, take partinjoin 加入某個(gè)組織，并成為其中的一員；join in 參加小型的活動(dòng), join sb. in； take part in 參加大型的活動(dòng) He

12、joined the army five years ago.learn,studylearn 學(xué)習(xí)，側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)的結(jié)果，study 學(xué)習(xí)，側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程，研究study the problemwant, hope,wisht打算，想要，toto希望（通?？梢詫?shí)現(xiàn)，eo/e希望（通常不能實(shí)現(xiàn)）wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success.replyanswer 及物動(dòng)詞，reply 不及物動(dòng)詞，后接 to, reply to the letterleave, leaveforleave 離開(kāi)，leave for 前往 He left

13、Beijing for Shanghai.drop,falldrop 及物不及物均可，fall 不及物動(dòng)詞 Prices fell/dropped. He dropped his voice.win, lose,beatwin 后接 sth.，反義詞為 lose, beat 后接 sb. win the game, beat themlive on, livebylive on 以為主食，live by 靠謀生 live on fish/ live by fishingcatch a cold, have acoldcatch a cold 不能和表示一段時(shí)間have a cold 可以She

14、 has had a cold for a week.change change intochange for 調(diào)換成，change into 變成 Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ice.go for a go to adoctorgo for a doctor 去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生，go to a doctor 去看病arrive, get,reacharrive 不及物動(dòng)詞，后接 in (大地點(diǎn))，at(小地點(diǎn))，get 不及物動(dòng)詞后接 to，reach 及物動(dòng)詞arrive in Beijing, get to Beiji

15、ng, reach Beijingagree with, agreeto,agree with 同意某人，agree to 同意某事， agree with you, agree to the plan, agree to do sthreceive,acceptreceive 收到某一東西，但不一定接受，accept 接受 I received a gift, but I didnt accept it.put on, dresswear 和 dress 表狀態(tài),wear 接衣服等,可用進(jìn)行時(shí)，dress 接人,be dressed in, put on 表動(dòng)作Its cold outsid

16、e. Put on your warm clothes.listen,hearlisten 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，hear 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果 I listened, but I heard nothing.look, see,watchlook 看的動(dòng)作，see 看的結(jié)果，watch 強(qiáng)調(diào)所看物體的變化、移動(dòng)和發(fā)展 watch TVlie,laylie 躺，位于(lay, lain),說(shuō)謊(lied, lied)，lay 平放(laid, laid) lay the bookturn, get,growturn 表突變，后常接表顏色的詞，get 強(qiáng)調(diào)變的結(jié)果，grow 強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程，逐漸的變化turn yellow,

17、 get tired, grow bigclose, shut, turnoffclose 和 shut 當(dāng)關(guān)解時(shí)可以通用，用于可開(kāi)合的物體，turn off 用于指有開(kāi)關(guān)的物體Close/Shut the door. Turn off the TV.atin (表地點(diǎn))at 小地點(diǎn)，in 大地點(diǎn) arrive at a small village, arrive in Shanghaiday after day, day bydayyry日復(fù)一日（無(wú)變化；yyy一天天地（有變化）swryyafterin (表時(shí)間)after 接時(shí)間點(diǎn)，in 接時(shí)間段,用于將來(lái)時(shí) after 7:00, in

18、 five minutesbetween,amongbetween 兩者之間，三者或三者以上兩兩之間, among 三者或三者以上之間Switzerland lies between France, Germany, Australia and Italy.through,acrossthrough 穿越空間，across 在上穿過(guò) through the forest, across the desertabove, on,overabove 在上面，不接觸，on 在上面，接觸，over 在正上方 fly over the hilluntil,notuntiluntil 到為止， notuntil 直到才（常跟點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞連用）I waited until 3:00. He didnt come until 3:00.besides,except