2021中考英語短文填空實例分析及解題技巧

1、2021 中英文實析題巧短文填空是中考英語重要的題型之一，它的分值是 15 ，分為 10 個小題，每小題 1.5 分占 整份英語試題分值的 （15/120 ）短文填空一般在一篇 200250 字左的故事性短文中挖出 10 個（一般一行或一句一個空 首句不設(shè)空）求生通讀短文， 并根據(jù)上下文來補全短文， 每只能填一個單詞 （能填數(shù)字） 。 主要考九大詞類（名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞、連詞、冠詞）。該題旨在測試考生的英語閱讀理解能力和簡單的書面表達(dá)能力， 看是否能夠運用所學(xué)過的英 語知識進(jìn)行簡單的書面交流，從而達(dá)到既考查學(xué)生的語言基礎(chǔ)知識，又考查他們的觀察能力、想 能力以及對語言的綜

2、合運用能力。為了答好短文填空題目，我們要打好基礎(chǔ)關(guān)。這個基礎(chǔ)關(guān)既包括 1600 個詞， 300 多個短以及 一部分常用句型和習(xí)慣用語的意思和用法， 也包括各種詞的詞形變化。 此重點介紹在短文空中 ?？嫉拿~和動詞的詞形變化。 略全文短文填空與完形填空一樣，屬于障礙性閱讀，但它的難度比完形填空還要高，因為完形填空有四個備選答案，而短文填空沒有提供備選答案，要求考生既能想得到答案， 還要寫得對單詞。所以在解題時，先略讀全文，對全文有個大概了解。 逐填空在讀完一遍之后，對短文內(nèi)容有大概了解。然后運用所學(xué)的知識與技巧，根據(jù)文章 的大意，逐個填空。易的先填，難的做標(biāo)記后填。絕對不能留空。 核答案全部題目

3、完成后，再復(fù)讀一遍，核查答案。（1 檢查答案注意動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)。（2 檢查名詞要注意單復(fù)數(shù)。（3 檢查形容詞和副詞的三個級別。（4 檢查習(xí)慣用語、固定搭配等是否符合習(xí)慣。（5 檢查上下文的連貫性，以及所填詞是否符合邏輯。 尋寶”推理法尋“寶”推理法就是從上下文中找到相關(guān)的“寶”（信息點），通過邏輯推理，從 而填出與原句意思相符單詞的方法。如：【典例】 It was a fine day last Sunday. John went to Tianlong supermarket todo some ） alone. Because it was a little far away from

4、his home,1he （2） his car there. Soon he got there and found room for his car.He parked his car and went into the （3 ） to buy the things he needed.Twenty minutes later, he finished shopping. He was very happy hecould （4） shopping in less than half an hour. At last he took the things slowly back to th

5、e car park. What a good day he had!【分析】：（1 ）A. 上下尋寶：從下文（倒數(shù)第二行）可尋到“寶”：“he could in less.”。B 判定答案：把“寶”代入句子中，意思完整，故確定答案填 shopping 。C 檢查復(fù)核： 此處是不可數(shù)名詞，不用 。（2 ）A. 上下尋寶：從下文（本空的后一句）可尋到“寶”：“Soon he got for hiscar” B. 判定答案：經(jīng)過邏輯推理，只有開車去超市，才要找停車位，故確定答案填drive 。C. 檢查復(fù)核： drive 動詞。上半句動詞用 was 為過去時，所以本空也要過 去時“drove”。（

6、3 上下尋寶從上第一行第二句 可尋到“寶”： “Tianlong supermarket”。B. 判定答案 : 把“寶”代入句子中，意思完整，故確定答案填 supermarket 。C. 檢查 復(fù)核： supermarket 此處是可數(shù)名詞，但此處沒有復(fù)數(shù)的概念，不用 。 搭法根據(jù)短語，句型以及習(xí)慣用語的常用搭配來填詞的方法。如：【典例】 With the environment becoming worse and worse, more and more peoplerealize the importance of protecting the environment. But ther

7、e are still somepeople paying less （1 ） to it. They something harmfulto Sunday I went to Garden to （2 .When I stepped into the gate of the garden, I felt comfortable at first because I could breathe the fresh air and enjoy the beautiful flowers and trees.But my （3 ） , I saw man lying in sleep net ha

8、nging （4 twotrees. I thought this kind of behavior would hurt the trees. How could he makemoney by hurting the trees like this? Without trees, how could we get the freshair? I dont know how to express my anger. I think ） is our duty2to protect the environment. So something must be done to stop this

9、kind of behavior.【分析】：（1 尋找搭配：從空格前后我們可尋到短語搭配：“pay attention to”。 B. 判定答案：由搭配可知，此處填 attention 一詞。 C. 檢查復(fù)核： attention 代入后，意 思通順，符合邏輯，且 attention 是不可數(shù)名詞，不用 。（2 尋找搭配： 從空格前我們可尋到短語搭配： “enjoy oneself” 判定答案：由搭配可知，此處缺了 oneself 一詞。前面是 I ，所以此處填 。C. 檢查復(fù)核： myself 入后，意思通順，符合邏輯，且 myself 有詞形變化。 前關(guān)系判斷法根據(jù)所填空的前后部分之間的關(guān)

10、系來填詞的方法?！镜淅浚?our school, we sometimes have a special day to help others.We the day “Volunteer Day”. On that day, we often go peopleshome （1）help do the The old people were very happy （2 year we this kind several times. （3） we t do for they were thankful to They were lonely, they needed people to vi

11、sitthem and with them. （4）every one can do something for lonely old people, they will be happier.【分析】：（1 ）A. 分開關(guān)系部分或句子：從所填空句子意思，我們可將句子分兩部分。第一部分“we often go tothe old peoples home” 。 第 部 “help them do thehousework”.B. 根據(jù)兩部分之間關(guān)系， 判定答案 :兩部分之間是并列關(guān)系， 要填 ；或者第二部分 “help themdo the housework”是“we often go to

12、 the oldpeopleshome”的目的。要填 。C. 檢查復(fù)核： 或 to 代入后，意思通順，符合邏輯。所以 此題答案可填 and 或 。（2 ）A. 分開關(guān)系部分或句子：從所填空句子意思，我們可將句子分兩部分。第一部分 “the old peoplewere very happy”。第二部分 “every year we organize this kind of activitiesseveral ”.根據(jù)兩部分之間關(guān)系，判定答案：老人們很高興是因為每年我們有好3幾次組織這樣的活動。所以兩部分之間是因果關(guān)系，此處要填表原因的詞 because 檢查復(fù)核： 代入后，意思通順，符合邏輯

13、。所以此題答案可填 because 。（3 ）A. 分開關(guān)系部分或句子：從所填空句子意思，我們可將句子分兩部分。第一部分“we dont do much for them”。第二部分 “they were thankful to us”.B. 根據(jù)兩部分之間關(guān)系，判定答案：雖然我們?yōu)樗麄冏龅牟欢?，但是他們對我們很感激。兩部分之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故要填 Though. C. 檢查復(fù)核： Though 代入后，意思通順符合 邏輯。所以此題答案可填 Though 。（4 ）A. 分開關(guān)系部分或句子：從所填空句子意思，我們可將句子分兩部分。第一部分“every one can do something f

14、or the lonely old people”。第二部分 “they willbe happier”.B. 根據(jù)兩部分之間關(guān)系，判定答案 :如果每個人都能為孤單老人做些事情，他們就會更高興。所以兩部分之間是條件關(guān)系，要填 。C. 檢查復(fù)核： If 代入 后，意思通順，符合邏輯。所以此題答案可填 。1閱讀短文，根據(jù)首字母或所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，使短文語意通順。（每小題 1 分共 ）We cant remember (61) _ (clear) since when we started to takeour mobile phones to a dinner table. This happ

15、ens a lot, especially when we eatout. Once (62) d_ come, we take out our mobile phones and take photos (63)i_ of lifting our chopsticks. Later, we post the photos onto Webo orWechat, (64) (wait) to “l(fā)iked”. Then checked our phonesfrom time to time during the meal, to see (65) w_ we get “l(fā)iked” or no

16、t. We just cannot leave our mobile phones for simply a meal.Does that sound familiar to you? Do you do that often? If not, how do you feel when others do that when having dinner with you?A recent study (66) _ (suggest) that what we are used to doing isnot that Spending time taking photos of makes fo

17、od less pleasant.So, w _ not taking photos and enjoy the food of Besides the _ (science) result, there are also other influences of taking photos of food before meals. After posting the photos ontothe Internet, one will be unable to control himself and check his mobile phone4many times. “Does everyo

18、ne accept my photos ? I hope a lot of people likethem!” It seems like mobile phone secretly class your name all the time, even when you are (69) w_ real people.So, next time you go out to have dinner, how about not taking photos offood? Let the food be delicious as it is and share your life with oth

19、ers. Trust me, and it will be a (70) _ (wonder) time.【主旨大意】本文是一篇議論文。文中例舉了當(dāng)前一種普遍現(xiàn)象，人們在餐桌旁不是馬上就餐，不是和朋友聊聊天，而是首先拿起手機(jī)拍照發(fā)微博或微信，然后做起了“低頭黨”作者認(rèn)為這樣嚴(yán)重影響就餐并建議就餐時停止拍照玩手機(jī)，而是單純的享受美食。61. 【答案】 clearly remember 為行為動詞，后用副詞修飾，故把形容詞 clear 改 為副詞 clearly 。62. 答案dishes由句意一旦菜上上來了 人們開始取出手機(jī)拍照， 故填 。63. 【答案】 instead of 意為“代替；而不

20、是”，即人們開始取出手機(jī)拍 照而不是拿起筷子。64. 【答案】 waiting由上下文，發(fā)完微博或微信后，等著被“點贊”，等待的動作之伴隨而進(jìn)行的，故填現(xiàn)在分詞。65. 【答案】 由句末 or not 可知此處應(yīng)該填 whether,意為“去看是否被點贊”.66. 【答案】 suggests A recent study 為單數(shù)，故動詞 suggest 用三單式。67. 【答案】 why Why not+ 動詞原形？意為“為什么不.?” 常用于提建議。68. 【答案】 scientific 此處需用形容詞修飾名詞 ，故把名詞 science 改為形 容詞 scientific 。 【答案】 w

21、ith be with 意為“和.在一起”。 【答案】 wonderful / more wonderful 忘）的時光。由句意：相信我，那將是一段難忘（更難2(2018湖北黃岡 綜合填空 (共 10 小 ;小題 1 , 滿分 10 ) 閱讀下面材料 ,在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 (提 :每空不超過三個單 )Each different part of China has own forms of traditional art. Theseusually try to show 70 are important in life, such as love,5beaut

22、y and family. The most common things, from paper to clay to bamboo, are turned into objects of beauty.According to Chinese history, sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming.He sent them out 71 ( ask) for help when in trouble. Today, sky lanternsare used at festivals and othercelebrations. They

23、 72 ( make) ofbamboo and covered with paper. When the lanterns are lit, they slowly rise intothe air small blloons for all see. seen bright symbol of 73 ( happy) and good wishes.Paper cutting 74 (be) around for over 1500 years. Paper cutingsounds very easy 75 it can be difficult to do. The paper, us

24、ually red,is folded before it is with scissors. The most common pictures are flowers,animals, and about Chinese history. During the Festival, they put on windows, doors and 76 symbols of for luck and a happy new year.Chinese clay art is famous because the clay pieces are so small but they lookvery r

25、eal. The pieces are usually cute children or lively characters from aChinese fairy tale or historical story. The pieces are 77 ( careful)shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay and then allowed to air-dry.Afer 78 ( they are fired a very heat. They are polishedand painted. It takes several we

26、eks 79 ( complete) everything. Thesesmall pieces of clay art show the love that all Chinese people have for life and beauty.【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文， 它介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)文化中具有代表性的孔明燈、剪紙和泥塑等文化藝術(shù)。通過對傳統(tǒng)中國文化元素的介紹，了解與中國傳統(tǒng)文化藝術(shù)有關(guān)的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣和文 化背景。70. 【答案】 which 考查定語從句引導(dǎo)詞?！癟hese usually try to show thethings 70 are important in life,

27、such as love, beauty and family.”為“這些藝術(shù)形式通常盡力展示生活中重要的東西，例如愛、美和家庭?！庇删湟馔浦?意空格后是一個定語從句修飾前面的 things ，定語從句中修飾事物的引導(dǎo)詞用 that 或 which 【答案】 to ask考查非謂語動詞?！癏e sent them out 71 ( ask) forhelp when in trouble.”意為“當(dāng)處于困境時，他就放出孔明燈求救?！盿sk 具有目的關(guān)系，英語中用動詞不定式作目的狀語。與前面72. 【答案】 考查一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。 “They 72 ( make) ofbamboo and covered with p aper.”意為“它們是用竹子做的，外面用紙包裹著?！?，make 和 they 具有被動關(guān)系，根據(jù)前面判斷句子使用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，故填 are made 。73. 【 答 案 】 考 。 “They are seen as bright symbolof 73 ( happy) and good wishes.”意為“它們被看做