跨文化簡答題判斷題復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)

1、The iceberg model of culture implies that it is very difficult to understand a culture thoroughly.TCulture is innate as soon as a person is born.FPeople may sometimes get confused about his or her cultural identity. TScholars prefer the term subculture to co-culture in describing a culture which exi

2、sts within a dominant culture. FA person could be a member of several different subgroups at the same time.TCommunication and culture are inseparable and strongly connected. TIntracultural communication occurs when the sender and the receiver exchanging messages are from different races. FThe sender

3、 must choose certain words or nonverbal methods to send an intentional message. This activity is called decoding. FThe process of communication has nine components: sender, encoding, message, channel, noise, receiver, decoding, feedback, and context. TAn exacting style of communication can be found

4、in Japan, China, and someNative American cultures. FThe self-effacement verbal style emphasizes the importance of boasting about ones accomplishments and abilities.FDialect refers to geographic variation, while sociolect refers to variation in terms of social group. TSpeaking is the only mode of eff

5、ective communication. FThe elaborate, exacting, or succinct communication style deals with the quantity and/or volume of talk that is preferred across cultural groups. TThe Thais like to touch babies or small children, especially they like others to pat their childrens head.FSaudi Arabs belong to to

6、uch cultures. FThe appropriateness of eye contact varies with different cultures. T Paralanguage may imply the connotation of the actual words.In Finland, firm handshakes are the normal greeting for men and women. TAmericans might regard gift giving as a form of bribery. TSimilarity of culture does

7、not affect acculturation. FSuccessful management of culture shock depends on an awareness of its symptoms and the degree of its severity. TThe second stage of intercultural adaptation is called honeymoon stage or initial euphoria stage. FAll the activities of learning ones culture are called accultu

8、ration. FInsomnia can be one example of the physical symptoms of culture shock. FFinancial matters can result in culture shock. TWhat is the nature of culture?Culture is like an iceberg.Culture is our software.Culture is like the water a fish swims in.Culture is the grammar of our behavior.What are

9、the characteristics of culture?Culture Is LearnedCulture Is DynamicActivity: Exploring IdeasDo you know any other events that have great influence on culture? Tell your partner how the following events changed culture.Chinas policy of reform and opening-upThe United States5 entering WWIIThe atomic b

10、ombing in Japan in WWIICulture Is PervasiveLike the air we breathe, culture penetrates into every aspect of our life and influences the way we think, the way we talk, and the way we behave.Culture Is IntegratedWe sometimes break down and isolate various parts of culture and talk about them as if the

11、y are separate parts. However, in reality, culture functions as an integrated whole and it is systemic.Culture Is AdaptiveHistory abounds with examples of how cultures have changed because of laws, natural disasters, wars, or other calamities.What are the characteristics of communication?Communicati

12、on is dynamicCommunication is systematicCommunication is symbolic 符號(hào)性的Communication is irreversible 不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的Communication is transactional 交互式的Communication is self-reflectiveCommunication is contextual5， What are the categories of nonverbal communication?ocuelsics （目光語）olfactics （嗅覺）haptics （觸覺行為）kine

13、sics （身勢(shì)語行為）chromatics （色彩學(xué)）attire （服飾）6， What are the verbal communication styles?7， What are the differences between direct and indirect verbal communication styles?In the direct verbal style, statements clearly revealthe speakers intentions.Eg. U.S. Americans tend to use a straightforward form of

14、 request.In the indirect verbal style, on the other hand, verbalstatements tend to hide the speakers actual intentions.Eg. Chinese tend to ask for a favor in a more roundabout and implicit way.8， How to distinguish elaborate, exacting, and succinct styles?An elaborate style emphasizes flashy and emb

15、ellishedlanguage. This style of communication can be seen inmany Arab, Middle Eastern, and Afro-American cultures.An exacting style, where persons say no more or less than is needed, is used by Americans.A succinct style is characterized by the use of concisestatements, understatements, and even sil

16、ence. A succinct style can be found in Japan, China, and some Native American cultures9， What are the components of cultural patterns?10， How to distinguish High context VS Low context and High context culture VS Low context culture12， What are the business etiquette norms?13， What are the four modes of acculturation?Separation Integration Assimilation Marginalization14， What are the forms of culture shock?Language shockRole shockTransition shockCultural FatigueEducation Sh