論《傲慢與偏見》婚姻價值取向

1、論?傲慢與偏見?婚姻價值取向摘要簡奧斯丁的?傲慢與偏見?寫于1813年，一直以來很受歡送，并被廣泛閱讀。特定的歷史時代決定了那個時候的人們對金錢特別看重，影響涉及婚姻觀念。在這篇文章里面，書中大局部人物的婚姻選擇都用來作為典型，證實金錢表達他們的婚姻價值取向。關鍵詞傲慢與偏見，金錢，婚姻價值取向，婚姻觀abstratprideandprejudieisaveryppularnvelrittenbyjaneaustenanditisreadidelyallvertherld.itasrittenin1813.thatspeifihistrytiedeidedthatpepleatthattiet

2、kneyuhreseriusly,hispaper,thearriageasesfstharatersinthebkeretakenastypialtanalyzehneyinfluenedtheiratrinialvaluerientatin.keyrdsprideandprejudie,ney,atrinialvaluerientatin,arriageintrdutinprideandprejudieisthestenduringlyppularnvelrittenbyjaneausten.ittalksabuttrivialattersflve

3、,arriageandfailylifebeteenuntrysquiresandfairladiesinbritaininthe18thentury.thepltisverysiple.thatishtheyungladieshsetheirhusbands.senesaidthat“elizabethbennet,theprtagnistfthenvel,flatlyrejetedilliallinsprpsal,histheheirfherfathersprpertyandanr,andrefusedthefirstprpsalfrtheextreelyealthynbleanfitzi

4、lliadarylater,(1)allthisakesitlearthatelizabeth“seeksnfaenrfrtune,butself-iprveentandhighentalutlk.(1)itsright.frtheviepintfausten,elizabethsarriage,hfinallyarriesdary,asellasjane-bingleys,psingneyandlve,istheidealarriagepepleshuldafter.butintherarriageasesinthisnvel,eanseethatifneyandlveantbeheldtg

5、etherinnearriage,lveuldalaysakeanessintneybeausefthespeialsialbakgrund.afterreadingthrughthehlebk,eillfindthatneyatsastheausefeahpltandtheluefitsdevelpent.itaffetseverybdysrdsanddeeds,evenelizabethbennet.tnytannernesaid,“janeausten,asellastherauthrs,isverylearthatnfeelinguldbeextreelypureandntiveuld

6、bedefinitelysingle.butaslngasitispssible,eshuldakeitlearthathihfeelingrtiveplaystheleadingrle.(2)sialbakgrundthestryfprideandprejudietkplaeinthetieftheregenyinbritain.atthattie,heuntryside,thearistratifailystillheld

7、greatperandrightthatuntrysquireserelikelytfanupnthe.hever,asthedevelpentfapitalisandtheexpandftherankfrihpeple,thedistintinbeteensialstrataasbeingsallerandsaller,hileneyasgettingreandreiprtantinpeplesindabutsialvalue.aesternliteratureritinesaidthat“evendavidriard(abritishenist)hadaunlikelylearerunde

8、rstandingabutthefuntinfneyindailylifeasjaneaustenhad.(3)itisexatlybeauseftheseurepledgeinfinanethattheuntrysquiresietyuldbeexistingstrnglyandslidly.thefirstsentenefthehlenvelprlais,“itisatruthuniversallyaknledged,thatasingleaninpssessinfagdfrtuneustbeinantfaife.(4)here,“agdfrtuneand“inantfaretkeyphr

9、ases.“inantfeansitisneededbjetively,butntsubjetively.suhkindfrdingakestheprpsitinhaverebjetivityf“truth.inprideandprejudie,thebennetsaretakenasthetypialttestthe“truthuniversallyaknledged.r.andrs.bennethavefivedaughters,livingatlngburn.r.bennetsprpertynsistsalstentirelyinanestateftthusandpundsayear,h

10、ih,unfrtunatelyfrhisdaughters,isentailed,indefaultfheirsale,nadistantrelatin.thateansthereillbentherguaranteefrtheirdaughtersfuturelives,buttheirperspetivearriages.therefre,itisnnderthatrs.bennettakesr.bingleyas“therightfulprperty(5)frtheirdaughtershenshehearsabutthathehasnehundredthusandpundsprpert

11、y,thughshehasntevenseenhi“asingleanflargefrtune;furrfivethusandayear.hatafinethingfrurgirls!(6)thatisthebeginningfthenvel.theipliitarriageentinedherebviuslynernsnfeelingbutnlyfinanialnditinandsubsistene.tthsehusband-huntingladies,r.bingleyisanabstratsignal.thestiprtantthingisthathehas“agdfrtune.sean

12、say,tppsiteiththeprlaatinatthebeginning,s-alled“asingleaninpssessinfagdfrtuneustbeinantfaifeisntatall“atruthuniversallyaknledged,butnlyrs.bennetsnishfulthinking.eanalssaythat,aszhuhngpintedut,inprideandprejudie,thereal“truthuniversallyaknledgedis“aanithutprpertyustbeinantfahusbandithagdfrtune.(7)efi

13、rstseer.daryattheball,“hesndretheattentinftherbyhisfine,tallpersn,handsefeatures,nbleien,andthereprthihasingeneralirulatinithinfiveinutesafterhisentrane,fhishavingtenthusanda-year.(8)nextistheintrdutinabutr.bingleyandhistsisters.“theyereinfatveryfineladies;ntdefiientingdhurhentheypleased,nrinperfbei

14、ngagreeablehentheyhseit,butprudandneited.theyereveryhandse,hadbeeneduatedinnefthefirstprivateseinariesintn,hadafrtuneftentythusandpunds,ereinthehabitfspendingrethantheyught,andfassiatingithpeplefrank,anderetherefreineveryrespetentitledtthinkellftheselves,andeanlyfthers.theyerefarespetablefailythenrt

15、hfengland;airustanesredeeplyipressedntheireriesthanthattheirbrthersfrtuneandtheirnhadbeenaquiredbytrade.r.bingleyinheritedprpertyttheauntfnearlyanhundredthusandpundsfrhisfather,hhadintendedtpurhaseanestate,butdidntlivetit.r.bingleyintendeditlikeise,andsetiesadehiefhisunty;butasheasnprvidedithagdhuse

16、andthelibertyfaanr,itasdubtfultanyfthsehbestknetheeasinessfhisteper,hetherheightntspendthereainderfhisdaysatnetherfield,andleavethenextgeneratintpurhase.(9)thenarratinabvedesribesthebritishuntrysquireslife-piturefrneaspet.theyhaveenughneyfrlafing,andtheselafersanaffrdbigrsallresideneithservantsfrrde

17、ringabut.theytakefailybakgrundseriusly,hihisthestiprtantfatrtearnthersrespet,nthebasisffrtuneandgd-breeding.atthesaetie,theyillnttraetitssures.inshrt,theredesexiststrithierarhy,hihislassifiedardingtthefailyandtraditinfrthesurfae,butthefinanialineatually.thsehhavethehighestineillbeinthehighestsialpsi

18、tin,ninglargeresideneandparks,havingtheniestfurnitureandthestpreiuspaintings,andthebeststreasfrfishing.theneyearnedbytradingisdespised,butitillbesnfrgttenaftergeneratins.hever,tavidbeinglkeddnupn,thegeneratinatpresentillalayseplysuhkindfleverethd:givingupbusinessdealingrprfessinandgingtuntrysidetset

19、tlednthennbdyillkntheirpast.franeighbrfthebennets,eangettknhsuhsialpressbegins:“sirillialuashadbeenfrerlyintradeinerytn,herehehadadeatlerablefrtune,andrisentthehnrfknighthdbyanaddressttheking,duringhisayralty.thedistintinhadperhapsbeenfelttstrngly.ithadgivenhiadisgustthisbusiness,andthisresideneinas

20、allarkettn;and,quittingthebth,hehadrevedithhisfailytahuseabutailefrerytn,deninatedfrtheperidluasldge,hereheuldthinkithpleasurefhisniprtane,andunshakledbybusiness,upyhiselfslelyinbeingiviltalltherld.(10)thenhatattitudedestheserihuntrysquireshldtthel-lasspeplesurrundingthe?letslkatantherparagraphfdesr

21、iptinabutladyatherinedeburgh:“elizabethsnpereived,thatthughthisgreatladyasntintheissinfthepeaefrtheunty,sheasastativeagistrateinhernparish,theinutestnernsfhiherearriedtherbyr.llins;andheneveranyfthettagerseredispsedtbequarrelse,disntented,rtpr,shesalliedfrthintthevillagetsettletheirdifferenes,silene

22、theirplaints,andsldtheintharnyandplenty.(11)ladyatherinedeburghisadelfherrank,arrgantandneited.herannersttheinferirsareditatrialandinslent.shehasthereputatinfbeingrearkablysensibleandlever.butallthis,tgetherithherabilityfadinistratingtheunty,derivesfrherrankandfrtune.thatistsay,gdfaeandexeedingperul

23、dertainlyetapersnaslngashe/shehasneyandisinhighsialpsitin.thegreatipatfneynarriageinprideandprejudie,eanalaysseeuntrysquiresleisurelylifeithalls,alks,pinis,nversatins,parties,ballsandarriages.butseeingthrughthesurfae,thereisarldfstrugglingfrexistenedeterinedbyenibase.thehlebkisfilledithdigit.r.benne

24、tsprpertynsistsalstentirelyinanestateftthusandpundsayear.rs.bennetsfather.leavesherfurthusandpunds.eahftheirfivedaughtersangetnethusandpundsinthe4perentsaftertheirtherdies.r.bingleyinheritsprpertyttheauntfnearlyanhundredthusandspundsfrhisfatherandhehasfurrfivethusandayear.issbingleyhasafrtuneftentyt

25、husandpunds.r.daryhastenthusandpundsayearhilehissister,gergianahasaprpertyfthirtythusandpunds.ikhaantstgettenthusandfrdary,theriseheillntarrylydiaeventhughtheyareinelpeent.lnelfitzillia,darysusin,uldliketarryaanhshuldhaveaprpertyfatleastfiftythusandpunds,sinehehasninheritaneasayungersnfanearl.r.llin

26、slaisthatheustakesuhanagreeentfrtithesasaybebenefiialthiselfandntffensivethispatrn.eventhehiney-pieeinnefladyatherinesdraingrsstseighthundredpunds.furse,theverynethingthatanntbefrgttententinisthattheestateentailfr.bennet,hihakesrs.bennetbeextreebsessin.anditistheexatthingthatdeidesthefateftheirfived

27、aughtersandthenthestryfprideandprejudieurs.upnthehle,narriagethatinvlvesnney.exeptthedetaileddigitfney,hestry,thebennetshaveselnnetins.theyhaveneunle,r.phillips,beinganattrneyinerytn,andantherne,r.gardiner,settling

28、inlndninarespetablelineftrade.asfrthis,issbingleyalaysakesfunfthebennets,andr.darynesaysfranklythat“itustveryateriallylessentheirhanefarryingenfanynsideratinintherld.(12)takeitlearthatneyisveryiprtantinthearriagenventinfsuhkindfsiety,r.llinsrdsafterelizabethrefusinghisprpsalanbetakenasprf.“itdesntap

29、peartethatyhandisunrthyyuraeptane,rthatestablishentianfferuldbeanytherthanhighlydesirable.ysituatininlife,ynnetinsiththefailyfdeburgh,andyrelatinshiptyurn,areirustaneshighlyinyfavr;andyushuldtakeitintfurthernsideratin,thatinspitefyuranifldattratins,itisbyneansertainthatantherffertarriageayeverbeadey

30、u,yurprtinisunhappilyssall,thatitillinalllikelihdundtheeffetsfyurlvelinessandaiablequalifiatins.(13)r.llinsisntasensiblean,andthedefiienyfnaturehasbeenbutlittleassistedbyeduatinrsiety.thesubjetininhihhisfatherbrughthiuphasgivenhiriginallygreathuilityfanner;butitisagreatdealunteratedbytheself-neitfae

31、akhead,livinginretireent,andthensequentfeelingsfearlyandunexpetedprsperity.therespethihhefeelsfrladyatherineshighrank,andhisveneratinfrherashispatrness,inglingithaverygdpininfhiself,fhisauthrityasalergyan,andhisrightasaretr,akeshialtgetheraixturefprideandbsequiusness,self-iprtaneandhuility.hisintent

32、infhsingelizabethashisifeishisplanfaends-fatneentfrinheritingtheirfathersestate;andhethinksitanexellentne,fullfeligibilityandsuitableness,andexessivelygenerusanddisinterestednhisnpart.shetakesitfrgrantedthatelizabethillaepthisprpsalheerfullyandreadily.thughelizabethrejetshifrhisinpleteharater,itstil

33、lantellusthelsial-statusfthebritishenatthatperidftie.thenlythingayungladyithutprpertyulddistarryingaanithagdfrtune.takethearriageasefluas-llinsfrantherexaple.issluasiselizabethslsestfriend.sheisasensible,intelligentyungan,kningitverylearlythat“r.llins,tbesure,asneithersensiblenragreeable;hissietyasi

34、rkse,andhisattahenttherustbeiaginary.butstillheuldbeherhusband.ithutthinkinghighlyeitherfenrfatriny,arriagehadalaysbeenherbjet;itasthenlyhnrableprvisinfrell-eduatedyungenfsallfrtune,andheverunertainfgivinghappiness,ustbetheirpleasantestpreservativefrant.(14)suhhurusandpieringdesriptinprtraystheental

35、ityfluas-likeendeeplyandalstheirfatethatthereisntheraythataniprvetheirnpsitininfinaneandsietyexeptarryingahusbandithagdfrtune.elizabethgestparsnagetvisitthebytheinvitatinfissluasaftertheygettingarried,andfinds:“herheandherhusekeeping,herparishandherpultry,andalltheirdependentnerns,hadntyetlsttheirha

36、rs.(15)“henr.llinsuldbefrgtten,thereasreallyagreatairffrtthrughut(16)itisinterestingthat,insuharriagebasednsleandnakedney-transatin,theanithutprpertydesarryasingleanithagdfrtune,butthehusbandhiselfhasnthingtdiththeenjyentthearriagebringingther.isntitanexellentirnyttheprpsitinatthebeginningfthenvelth

37、e“truthuniversallyaknledged?ikha-lydiasandalanbetakenasantherinstanetillustratethatneyisfverhelingiprtaneinarriage.ikhaisveryhandseandharingfrhisappearane,butatuallyderalizes.heisextravagantandalaysgreatlyindebtsfhnr.lydia,farredifferentfrherteldersisters,isvain,ignrant,idleandabslutelyunntrlled.rev

38、er,sheindulgesherselfinflirtatinithffiers.theyelpefrbrightnithutanyengageentandarefundutinlndnfinally.thughundersuhirustanes,ikhahasnintentinatalltarrylydia,butfrdaryshelpinseret:“r.daryaskedhihyhehadntarriedyursisteratne?thughr.bennetasntiaginedtbeveryrih,heuldhavebeenabletdsethingfrhi,andhissituat

39、inusthavebeenbenefitedbyarriage.buthefund,inreplytthisquestin,thatikhastillherishthehpefreeffetuallyakinghisfrtunebyarriageinsetherunty.undersuhirustanes,hever,heasntlikelytbeprfagainsttheteptatinfiediaterelief.theyetseveralties,frthereasuhtbedisussed.ikha,furse,antedrethanheuldget,butatlengthasredu

40、edtbereasnable.(17)ikhasarryinglydiafinallyalsdnthedissatisfatininthesiety,andfrthat,rs.bennetisingreatjy.inarriage,neyisnsideredasthefatrfextreeiprtane,ntnlytdaughters,butalstyungersns.letshavealselkatthenversatinbeteentherespetablelnelfitzilliaandelizabeth:“n,seriusly,hathaveyueverknnfself-deniala

41、nddependene?henhaveyubeenpreventedbyantfneyfrginghereveryuhse,rpruringanythingyuhadafanyfr?“thesearehequestinsandperhapsianntsaythatihaveexperienedanyhardshipsfthatnature.butinattersfgreatereight,iaysufferfrtheantfney.yungersnsanntarryheretheylike.“unlessheretheylikeenffrtune,hihithinktheyveryftend.

42、“urhabitsfexpenseakeustdependent,andtherearentanyinyrankflifehanaffrdtarryithutseattentintney.(18)nletsturnttheprtagnistfthenvel,elizabethbennets.sheisintelligent,vivaius,hurus,pereptiveandquik-itted,andshehasastrngsensefpersnalityanddignity.shedespisesherthersdreadfulentalityandunbearablyvulgaranda

43、lsheryungersistersflirtatiusnessanddissluteness,butisneverashaedfheraiableunleandaunt,r.andrs.gardinerjustbeauseftheirprfessinaserhants.shefirlyrefusesr.llinsprpsal,againstherthersexpetatin,beauseshedesntandillneverlvehi,anddelinesr.daryreslutely,frhisexpressinghislvetherarrgantlyandipertinently.she

44、desntknukleunderthesnbbishissbingley,andisneitherverbearingnrringingtrs.deburghandherdineeringness.henthelattershsherintentintinterveneherfreedfarryingdaryrnt,shetakesndiand-ut-diandandneverprised.shefinallyarriesdaryandherarriageisnsideredasanidealne,fritnsistsfneyandlve.leavingasidehertruelvefrdar

45、y,then,hatrledesneyplayinherpressfhasingafterarriage?shenehldsgdfeelingsnikha,nsideringhitbethestagreeableanshehaseveret.buteanhile,shethinksitistiprudenttfallinlveithhi.shenesaystheraunt,rs.gardiner,“iilltakearefyself,andfr.ikhat.heshallntbeinlveithe,ifianpreventit.(19)shenikhagetsengagedithissking

46、frherten-thusand-pundprperty,shedesntfeelalittlebitsadbutfree.hertyungersisters,kittyandlydiaareresentfulabuthi,butshethinks“theyareyungintheaysftherld,andntyetpentthertifyingnvitinthathandseyungenusthavesethingtlivenasellastheplain.(20)henrs.gardinerexpressesherideaabutikhasdesertinlater,elizabeths

47、ays,“pray,ydearaunt,hatisthediffereneinatrinialaffairs,beteentheerenaryandtheprudenttive?heredesdisretinend,andavariebegin?(21)here,austenbringsupapliatedprblefrdisussinthrughelizabethhshallequantifytheratibeteenneyandlveinaarriage?elizabethuldntaeptllinsbeausethereuldbenpssibilityflvebeteenthe,nrik

48、hasinehehasnprperty.(thughikhaisshrtfntnlyneybutalsral,shedesntknituntilthelatterpartfthestry.)darysprideandherprejudieagainsthiakesherrefusehisfirstfferfarriage,butlatern,shefeelsregretfulfrhernbiasandrashness.thereisafaintpityinherpainfulself-ndenandplexfeelings.hensheseesdaryspeberleypark,herfeel

49、inghanges,“shehadneverseenaplaefrhihnaturehaddnere,rherenaturalbeautyhadbeenslittleunteratedbyanakardtaste.andatthatent,“shefeltthattbeistressfpeberleyightbesething!(22)apparentlythereissrtfpleasantsensatinabutsubstanebasednneysubnsiusly.hever,suhkindfpursuitseestbenaturalandreasnableapanyingithhere

50、legantteperaent.elizabethrejetsapride“dary,butaeptsaperfet-ging“dary.aftershenfessesherlvefrdaryandtheirengageentthereldersister,janeasksherhlngshehaslvedr.daryandsheansers,“iustdateitfryfirstseeinghisbeautifulgrundsatpeberley.(23)thughsheisjking,eanseepartfherfeelingfpursuingney.inprideandprejudie,

51、therearealssedesriptinabuttherpeplesdifferentpininnneyandarriage.frinstane,ladyatherineantsherdaughterannetarryhernephe,r.dary,takeauninfthetestates,andshebelievesitisdarysdutyandrespnsibility.issbingley,hhasafrtuneftentythusandpundsandisinthehabitfspendingrethansheught,andfassiatingithpeplefrank,sh

52、shergreatinteresttr.dary,hhastenthusandayear.shealssparesneffrttpreventthelveaffairbeteenr.bingley,herbrtherandjanebennet,elizabethseldersister,andhpesthatherbrtheranarrygergiana,daryssister.nlythisanenhanehisfrtuneandsialpsitin,andalsthepssibilityfherherselfarryingr.dary.lnelfitzillia,darysusin,isa

53、yungersnfanearl,aninheritneitherprpertynrffiialtitle.heaknledgestelizabeththathishabitfexpenseakeshitdependentandheanntaffrdtarryithutseattentintney.healssaysthatnlydaryanbeutftherestraintfneythsefreelynarriage.frthepartfr.dary,thughheneedntarryaladyithprpertysineheisingreatealth,hedesexperienelng-t

54、ieandfierestruggleinthepressfaeptanefelizabethfrhersialpsitinandlnnetins.“hereallybelieved,thatereitntfrtheinferirityfher(elizabeth)nnetins,heshuldbeinsedanger.(24)“hebegantfeelthedangerfpayingelizabethtuhattentin.(25)“sheattratedhirethanhelikedheiselyreslvedtbepartiularlyarefulthatnsignfadiratinshu

55、ldnesapehi,nthingthatuldelevateheriththehpefinflueninghisfeliity;thughtheyereatnetieleftbytheselvesfrhalf-an-hur,headherestnsientiuslythisbk,anduldntevenlkather.(26)r.darygrsupinastrngaarenessfrankandperfrhisveryhildhd,hihakeshiprideandneited.henheestlngburn,thepersnsthereandtheannerstheytakearefard

56、ifferentfrhatheisfailiarith.thughtherearesanypleasantgirls,“thereisntantheranintherhituldntbeapunishenttetstandupith.(27)evenhenheprpsestelizabethfrhisdeeplve(“invainhaveistruggled.itillntd.yfeelingillntberepressed.yuustallettellyuhardentlyiadireandlveyu.(28),hissensefherinferirityfitsbeingadegradat

57、infthefailybstaleshihjudgenthasalaysppsedtinlinatin,aredeltnithaarthhihseesduetthensequeneheisunding.“iasiniddlebefreikneihadbegun.(29)bviusly,henetriesttakebakhisfeelinghenhefindsheisinlveithelizabethandhasastrngnflitbeteensenseandsensibilityinhisheart.suhsensehasadiretrespnsibilityfrhisputtingbstalesintheunevenarriagefbingleyandjane.“he(dary)ngratulatedhiselfnhavinglatelysavedafriendfrtheinnvenienesfastiprudentarriagebeause“thereereseverystrngbjetinsagainstthelady(30)andthesestrngbjetinsare,“herhavingneunlehasauntryattrney,andantherhasinbusinessinlndn.(