澳洲與昆士蘭州政府的教育制度及特殊教育現(xiàn)況課件

1、Australian Education System,Queensland Education System, & Special Education澳洲與昆士蘭州政府的教育制度及特殊教育現(xiàn)況ByMr Roger Sheehan & Ms Elaine CassarAustralian Education System,Presentation Overview Part AAustralian & Queensland Government Education SystemsAustralian Government Department of Education, Employment

2、& Workplace RelationsAustralian Government Education ReformsAustralian Curriculum, Assessment & Reporting AuthorityNational Curriculum簡報大綱 A 部分澳洲與昆士蘭官方教育系統(tǒng)體制澳洲政府 澳洲教育部澳洲教育改革澳洲課程評估暨報告局國定課程Presentation Overview Part AQueensland Government Education System & StructureInternational EducationFinancial As

3、sistanceQueensland Government Education ReformEducation & Training for the Future (ETRF)Information & Communication TechnologiesSupporting Students with Special Needs昆士蘭政府教育制度與架構(gòu)國際教育教育財政補助昆士蘭教育改革未來教育訓練(ETRF)資訊溝通科技協(xié)助特教生Queensland Government EducatioPresentation Overview Part BSupporting Students with

4、 Special NeedsSupport for Students with Special NeedsAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)Learning DisordersWhole School Approach to Supporting Students with Special Needs (Response Intervention)ConclusionQuestions簡報大綱 B 部分特殊需求學生之協(xié)助協(xié)助特教生注意力缺陷過動癥(ADHD)學習障礙在學校體制中給予特教生必要的協(xié)助(介入反應效果模式)結(jié)論問題討論Pre

5、sentation Overview Part BAustralian GovernmentAustralias future depends on a high quality and dynamic school education system to provide students with foundation skills, values, knowledge and understanding necessary for lifelong learning, employment and full participation in society. The education s

6、ystem is of the highest standard and enjoys international renown.澳洲政府澳洲未來發(fā)展將立基於高水準與活力充沛的教育制度上，學校應提供學生終身受用的基本技能、價值與知識，並且協(xié)助就業(yè)與社會化。教育制度必須達成至善之標準並且享譽國際。Australian GovernmentAustraliaSchooling in Australia starts with a kindergarten or preparatory year followed by 12 years of primary and secondary school

7、. In the final year of secondary school, Year 12, you can study for a government-endorsed certificate that is recognised by all Australian universities and vocational education and training institutions. This Senior Secondary Certificate of Education is also recognised by many international universi

8、ties.澳洲學校制度從幼稚園或?qū)W齡前教育接續(xù)到12年制的小學與中等教育。在中等教育最後一學年，可以取得政府認定，並且被澳洲大學與職業(yè)訓練機構(gòu)所採納的畢業(yè)證書。許多國際大學機構(gòu)也都能採納這份證書(Senior Secondary Certificate of Education) 。Schooling in Australia starts This cooperation is underpinned by the National Declaration on the Goals for Schooling for all students, updated by Ministerial

9、Council on Education, Employment, Training and Youth Affairs (MCEECDYA) in 2008. The declaration focuses on the learning outcomes of students, and sets out a vision for the education of young Australians over the next decade and replaces the 1999 Adelaide Declaration - National Goals for Schooling i

10、n the 21st Century.這樣的合作制度建立在國家學校教育目標宣言(National Declaration on the Goals for Schooling)下，並且於2008年在澳洲教育訓練與青年事務部(MCEECDYA)修正通過。這份宣言於1999年通過並取代原有的阿德雷德宣言(Adelaide Declaration - National Goals for Schooling in the 21st Century)主要著眼在學生的學習成效，過去十年來試圖為澳洲青年學子建立一個有遠見的目標。This cooperation is underpinneThe Austr

11、alian Qualifications Framework (AQF) is a system of national qualifications in education and training.Primary and Secondary SchoolingStates and territories have the primary responsibility for funding state government schools. They also provide supplementary assistance to non-government schools. The

12、Australian Government is the primary source of public funding for non-government schools, while also providing supplementary assistance to government schools. Most non-government schools have some religious affiliation, with approximately two-thirds of non-government school students enrolled in Cath

13、olic schools.澳洲學力資格架構(gòu) - Australian Qualifications Framework (AQF) 是一套澳洲所通用的國家教育與職訓認證系統(tǒng)。初等與中等教育州政府與省政府有義務資援公立學校並且協(xié)助其他非公立之學校。澳洲政府除了提供公立學校資源之外，同時也負責替非公立學校提供基金。 大部分之非公立學校為宗教學校，而就讀非公立學校之學生有三分之二選擇天主教學校。The Australian Qualifications Education Reform AgendaTo improve the quality of schooling nationally, the

14、 Australian Government is working with states, territories and non-government education providers as part of a shared commitment to achieve results.Driving this commitment is a belief that all children deserve an education that meets their needs regardless of what school they go to or where they liv

15、e. 教育改革進程為了提升國家教育品質(zhì)，國家政府與州、省政府以及私立學校提供者相互承諾協(xié)力且密切合作。這份承諾致力讓不同學校、地區(qū)裡的每個澳洲學生都有權(quán)力接受最好、符合學生個人需求的教育活動。Education Reform AgendaTo impThe Education Revolution is being implemented through increased funding to government and non-government schools, an unprecedented investment in school infrastructure and a wi

16、de ranging reform agenda.The Government is investing a record $63.5 billion in Australian schools from 2009-2012. This almost doubles the previous $33.5 billion commitment to funding and infrastructure and represents an 87 per cent increase over the previous four-year period.透過提高私立學校之補助為主軸架構(gòu)一套無前例之學校

17、基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)與大規(guī)模改革之進展歷程。2009至2012年間，澳洲政府預計投入635億預算，將近是2005至2008間所承諾投入335億之兩倍，預算提高87%。The Education Revolution is beEnsuring that the needs of all students are catered for means providing world-class enabling infrastructure through initiatives such as the $2.2 billion Digital Education Revolution, the $2.5 b

18、illion Trade Training Centres Program and the $16.2 billion Building the Education Revolution.Quality education means starting with foundation skills such as literacy and numeracy, being taught by high-quality teachers, and supporting disadvantaged students. These three areas are being addressed thr

19、ough the three Smarter Schools National Partnerships.加強學生在校之基本硬體設(shè)施，具體率先作為如投入22億之數(shù)位學習改革(Digital Education Revolution)、25億之貿(mào)易訓練中心計畫(Trade Training Centres Program)以及162億之架構(gòu)教改計畫(Building the Education Revolution)以確保每位學生需求獲得滿足。品質(zhì)教育從識字與數(shù)理開始，以高優(yōu)質(zhì)教師為媒介，並且照顧每一位弱勢學生。相關(guān)領(lǐng)域之訴求在三大聰明學校-國家夥伴計畫中提及(Smarter Schools N

20、ational Partnerships)。Ensuring that the needs of allStudents, schools and parents are being further supported by transparency in school performance data, reporting and assessment, and the development of world-class national curriculum. The Australian Government is supporting the transition from scho

21、ol through a range of Youth Attainment and Transitions initiatives. The Australian Government is also working to close the gap between the educational outcomes of Indigenous Australians and non-Indigenous Australians. See Indigenous Education.透過學校表現(xiàn)透明化資料、報告與評鑑活動以及國家課程中之世界化教室計畫協(xié)助學生、學校與學生家長掌握學校教育活動。澳洲

22、政府透過青年成就與轉(zhuǎn)移方案(Youth Attainment and Transitions )協(xié)助學生在學校間之移轉(zhuǎn)澳洲政府也正努力弭平澳洲本地學子與非本地學子間之學習落差，參見Indigenous Education。Students, schools and parents Australian Curriculum, Assessment & Reporting AuthorityThe Australian Government has established the Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority

23、(ACARA), which brings together for the first time, the management of curriculum, assessment and reporting at a national level. ACARA reports to federal, state and territory education ministers through the Ministerial Council for Education, Early Childhood Development and Youth Affairs.ACARA is led b

24、y a 13-member Board, made up of experts nominated by each of the state and territory governments as well as the Catholic and Independent school sectors and the Commonwealth.澳洲課程評估暨報告局澳洲政府設(shè)立澳洲課程評估暨報告局(ACARA)，以提供國家層級的第一手國內(nèi)課程管理與評估相關(guān)資訊ACARA負責透過教育議會兒童早期發(fā)展暨青年事務部提供報告給聯(lián)邦、各州以及各省政府教育部會ACARA由13名理事會委員領(lǐng)導，由各省與各州政

25、府指派專家委員，天主教教會以及獨立學校也推派代表參加。Australian Curriculum, AssessmThe functions of ACARA are to:develop and administer a national school curriculum, including content of the curriculum and achievement standardsdevelop and administer national assessmentscollect, manage and analyse student assessment data and

26、other data relating to schools and comparative school performancefacilitate information sharing arrangements between Australian government bodies in relation to the collection, management and analysis of school datapublish information relating to school education, including information relating to c

27、omparative school performanceprovide school curriculum resource services, educational research services and other related services, andprovide information, resources, support and guidance to the teaching profession.ACARA之任務:發(fā)展並管理國定課程，訂定課程細節(jié)與課程之目標標準發(fā)展必管理國家教育評估蒐集、管理並分析學生以及學校相關(guān)表現(xiàn)評估報告並加以比較擔任國內(nèi)各政府部會間教育相關(guān)

28、統(tǒng)計資料之管理、分析與共享媒介出版教育上訴相關(guān)資訊之學報提供校園課程開發(fā)、教育研究與其他相關(guān)資源提供教師相關(guān)專業(yè)資訊、資源以及職能指引The functions of ACARA are to:The Australian Curriculum will provide clear and explicit agreement on the curriculum essentials (the content and achievement standards) that all young Australians should have access to, regardless of th

29、eir circumstances or the location of their school. The Australian Curriculum will also provide parents and teachers with a clear understanding of what needs to be covered in each subject at each year level. It will seek to equip young Australians with the skills, knowledge and capabilities that will

30、 enable them to effectively engage with and prosper in society, compete in a globalised world and thrive in the information-rich workplaces of the future. The Australian Curriculum in the first four key learning areas will be developed by 2010 and implemented by the states and territories from 2011.

31、 澳洲國定課程將提供一套完整清晰的課程大綱，序?qū)懸惶诪榘闹耷嗌倌晁O(shè)計，需要達到之基本教育內(nèi)容與學習成果目標，均一實施無論學生所就讀的學校環(huán)境。澳洲國定課程將提供給教師與家長，學生每一學年必須修讀完成的課程主題。澳洲國定課程旨在教導澳洲青年基本技能、知識以及進入社會所需要之有效能力，並培養(yǎng)國際競爭力且確保學生在未來也得以妥善生存於資訊社會中。澳洲國定課程將再2010年開發(fā)出四大關(guān)鍵學習領(lǐng)域，並且於2011年於各州各省開始實施。The Australian Curriculum willAustralian CurriculumThe Australian Curriculum, Assessm

32、ent and Reporting Authority (ACARA) is overseeing the development of an Australian Curriculum from Kindergarten to Year 12, beginning with English, mathematics, science and history. A second phase of work will involve the development of an Australian Curriculum in languages, geography and the arts.

33、澳洲國定課程ACARA 負責指引幼稚園到中等教育結(jié)束之12年國定課程發(fā)展，並以英語、數(shù)學、理科以及歷史為四大主軸。次階段的任務主要在於開發(fā)國定課程中之語言、地理以及藝術(shù)課程。Australian CurriculumThe AustrACARA is also advising education ministers on the approach to development of anAustralian Curriculum in the learning areas of health and physical education, economics, business, infor

34、mation and communications technology, design and technology, and civics and citizenship.ACARA 也負責提供教育部官員在開發(fā)國定課程中，針對有關(guān)健體教育、經(jīng)濟、商業(yè)、資訊溝通科技、設(shè)計以及公民教育等學習領(lǐng)域之開發(fā)提供諮詢與建議。ACARA is also advising educatiACARA has consulted extensively with the education community, including parents, teachers, principals and profe

35、ssional organisations. ACARA is also considering local and international examples of best practice in its development of the national curriculum. ACARA 與教育社群相關(guān)之團體有緊密的諮商，包含學生家長、教師、校長、首長以及專業(yè)組織等。ACARA 也於國定課程開發(fā)過程中在在關(guān)切地方與國際間相當成功之範例為參考對象。 ACARA has consulted extensivelQueensland Education SystemEducation

36、Queensland delivers high quality and accessible public education to around 70 per cent of all Queensland school students through the state schooling system.The Department is responsible for 1250 schools staffed by more than 36 000 teachers and attended by almost 480 000 students.The school year usua

37、lly runs from late January to mid December. It is divided into two semesters, with two terms in each and vacation breaks for Easter, winter, spring and summer.昆士蘭政府教育制度昆士蘭教育部提供高品質(zhì)且大眾化的公教育制度，昆士蘭境內(nèi)有70%的學生就讀於公立學校系統(tǒng)。昆士蘭教育部負責管轄1,250學校，含36,000名以上之教師、以及約480,000名學生。學校學年度從當年1月下旬到12月中旬為主，分為上、下兩學期，兩學期中在細分為二，穿插

38、復活節(jié)假期、寒假、春假以及暑假。Queensland Education SystemEduStructure of SystemPreparatory YearPrimary SchoolSecondary School (High School)Prep Year 10 SchoolsPrep Year 12 SchoolsAcademiesSpecial SchoolsHospital SchoolsSchools of Distance EducationOutdoor & Environmental Education Centres教育制度架構(gòu)學齡前初等學校中等學校 (高中)學齡前

39、至高一之學校學齡前至高三之學校學院特殊學校醫(yī)院學?？罩袑W校戶外與環(huán)境教育中心Structure of SystemPreparatoryPreparatory YearA non-compulsory, full-time Preparatory Year of education prior to Year 1 is available in all state schools. The Preparatory Year helps children develop the skills and knowledge to better prepare them for school.學齡前非

40、義務性、全時的初等學齡前教育，在各州立學校皆有設(shè)立。學齡前教育協(xié)助學生開發(fā)相關(guān)技能與知識以提早適應接下來的學校學習與生活。Preparatory YearA non-compulsPrimary SchoolPrimary schools provide students with seven years of compulsory learning in a common, yet broad, curriculum that teachers adapt to suit local and individual needs. Students develop skills and know

41、ledge relevant to their present and future needs and gain a greater understanding of other cultures and technology.初等學校初等學校為7年制之義務教育，教師以開放但合乎地方與個別需求之教育活動服務學生。學生將在初等教育階段習得基本生活並且可以適用於未來學習之技能與知識，更寄望學生能夠獲取與自身文化、科技相關(guān)且更深的認知。Primary SchoolPrimary schools Secondary Schools (High Schools)Secondary schools pr

42、ovide educational programs to students of compulsory school age and provide a further two years of senior education for those wishing to continue formalised learning in school as their compulsory participation option. Students are offered a broad range of academic and vocational subjects enabling th

43、em to pursue a course of study that will further their educational and career goals.中等學校 (高中)昆士蘭中學提供義務教階段教育，並且有額外延伸的兩年教育供學生選擇，此階段教育包含廣泛的知識與技職科目讓學生朝欲精進的方向邁進，以助未來的升學以及就業(yè)。Secondary Schools (High SchoolPrepYear 10 & PrepYear 12 SchoolsP10/12 schools provide education to students from Prep to Year 10 or

44、Year 12 depending on the schools location. Traditionally, P10 schools have developed in more rural and remote locations but more recently P12 schools have been established in other locations. Generally, P10/12 schools provide students with a seamless transition across the phases of learning, and man

45、y are very innovative in the way they offer the curriculum.學齡前至高一之學校；學齡前至高三之學校 (P10/12)P10/12 學校依照地點提供學生學齡前至高一或者高三的完整階段教育。傳統(tǒng)上，P-10學校以偏鄉(xiāng)地區(qū)為主，其他地區(qū)則以P-12型的學校為多數(shù)。這類型的學校提供學生無接縫的各階段連結(jié)教育，而且在課程的編排上相當?shù)挠谢盍εc創(chuàng)意。PrepYear 10 & PrepYear 12 ScAcademiesThe Queensland Academies aim to accelerate learning opportunitie

46、s for Queenslands best and brightest students in Years 10, 11 and 12. The Queensland Academy for Creative Industries at Kelvin Grove operates in partnership with the Queensland University of Technology (QUT). The Queensland Academy for Science, Mathematics and Technology at Toowong operates in partn

47、ership with the University of Queensland. 學院昆士蘭學院主要提供高一到高三階段的教育，通常進入學院就讀的學生皆是在各專長面表現(xiàn)優(yōu)良且有亮眼成就者。位於Kelvin Grove的昆士蘭創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)業(yè)學院更與昆士蘭科技大學(QUT)合作。而位在Toowong的昆士蘭科學、數(shù)學與科技學院則是與昆士蘭大學合作。AcademiesThe Queensland AcademAcademies cont.In 2008, the new Queensland Academy for Health Sciences opened on the Gold Coast in p

48、artnership with Griffith University. The educational program offered by the academies is the International Baccalaureate Diploma Program. This program is a world-recognised pre-university qualification and characterised by accelerated studies, extension and enrichment work with universities, industr

49、y experience and personal and social development. For more information on Queensland Academies visit .au學院於2008年，新的昆士蘭健康科學學院在黃金海岸開設(shè)，並與葛里菲斯大學合作。昆士蘭各學院所提供的教育課程皆有國際文憑大學預科課程認定。這是一個為許多國際大學所採用的畢業(yè)文憑，提供許多業(yè)界與社會學習經(jīng)驗。如果欲了解更多昆士蘭學院訊息，請上：.auAcademies cont.In 2008, the neSpecial SchoolsSpecial schools provide high

50、ly specialised and individual programs in many locations for students with significant support needs, and who have an intellectual impairment. A range of staff is employed including teachers, speech-language pathologists, occupational therapists, physiotherapists and registered nurses. Educational p

51、rograms for students with disabilities are also provided in primary and secondary schools, and are referred to as Special Education Programs.特殊學校特殊學校在許多地區(qū)提供高度專門化的個別課程，以服務有特殊學習或智能障礙的學子。學校內(nèi)聘請專門教師、口說語言病理學家、職業(yè)治療師、物理治療師以及專業(yè)護理人員。特殊教育課程在初等與中等學校階段也有提供，並且都依政府訂定特殊教育課程來走。Special SchoolsSpecial schoolsHospital

52、SchoolsHospital schools provide either classroom or ward-based specialised educational programs for students from Prep to Year 12. A student can be an admitted patient, a sibling of a patient or a child of a patient. Hospital school teaching staff, in liaison with medical staff, provide a warm, supp

53、ortive and flexible educational environment for students during their hospital stay.醫(yī)院學校醫(yī)院學校提供教室或者病房特化的教育課程，涵蓋學齡前到高三階段的學校義務教育。學生可能是病童、病童手足或者病患的子女。醫(yī)院學校教師與專業(yè)醫(yī)療人員保持聯(lián)繫，提供學生醫(yī)院裡的溫暖支持以及輕鬆開放的教育環(huán)境。Hospital SchoolsHospital schooSchools of Distance EducationSchools of distance education provide educational pro

54、grams for students from Prep to Year 12, who are unable to attend a traditional school setting due to geographic isolation, illness or other special circumstances. Schools of distance education also provide services to families who choose home-based learning, adults who are completing their schoolin

55、g, and students living overseas. 空中學?？罩袑W校的教育內(nèi)容一樣包含學齡前至高中畢業(yè)課程，提供因為地理環(huán)境孤立、病癥或者其他特述狀況而無法進入一般學校之學子就讀。空中學校更協(xié)助選擇在家教育之家庭、旅居國外的學子、以及成人補校等相關(guān)援助課程。Schools of Distance EducationSSchool-based students who are unable to access desired subjects locally and students attending alternative education settings are also

56、 provided with educational programs. There is an increasing emphasis in schools of distance education on the use of information and communication technologies and digital learning resources to maximise learning opportunities and improve teacher and student interaction.到一般學校就讀的學生若欲選擇該地區(qū)無法提供的課程，也可以透過空

57、中學校學習。政府不斷地加強空中學校的教育內(nèi)容以及數(shù)位學習資源，藉此加強師生互動。School-based students who are Outdoor & Environmental Education CentresOutdoor and environmental education centres (OEECs) develop and deliver outdoor and environmental education programs for schools and the community, and provide professional development for

58、teachers. Programs are linked to the school curriculum and student leadership objectives. These centres provide information about local environmental issues, and serve as venues for school excursions and camps. Many are available for hire on weekends and school holidays. The centres offer specialise

59、d learning programs such as archaeology and heritage interpretation, environmental arts, urban renewal, and water watch investigations.戶外與環(huán)境教育中心戶外與環(huán)境教育中心(OEECs)開發(fā)並且提供各級學校以及地方社區(qū)戶外與環(huán)境教育的相關(guān)課程，也提供教師專業(yè)發(fā)展課程。課程皆與學校課程連結(jié)，並且以學生為領(lǐng)導主軸。諸教育中心在各地區(qū)的環(huán)境議題皆有很長足的深耕，學校所舉辦的遠足或者露營活動皆可以向諸中心交流請命。假期間也有許多活動供學生參與。這些教育中心也提供許多有趣

60、的專業(yè)課程如：考古學、文化資產(chǎn)詮釋、環(huán)境藝術(shù)、都市更新以及水資源調(diào)查等。Outdoor & Environmental EducatInternational EducationEducation Queensland welcomes the participation of international students in Queensland state schools. Education Queensland International (EQI) manages a range of programs to assist international students to enr