2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-華南師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)55

1、住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-華南師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題I have never laid（ ）to being an expert in this field.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.reclaimB.exclamationC.affirmationD.claim【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配。lay claim to “聲稱的權(quán)力，自稱有知識(shí)等”。句意：我從不認(rèn)為自己是這個(gè)領(lǐng)域的專家。結(jié)合句意，故D為正確答案。2.單選題A statement from the government ne

2、eds to be made to（ ）the misunderstanding resulting from the rumors.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.clarifyB.illuminateC.refineD.decompose【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A: clarify “使澄清；清楚” ；B: illuminate “照明；闡明”；C: refine “提煉；改善；使高雅”；D: decompose “（使）（死去的動(dòng)植物）腐爛”。句意：政府的聲明需要澄清因謠言產(chǎn)生的誤解。根據(jù)“misunderstanding 誤解”可知A能構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓搭配，故A為正確答案。3.單選題An ideal

3、 college should be a community, a place of close, natural, intimate association, not only of the young men who are its pupils and novices in various lines of study, but also of young men with older men, with mature men, with veterans and professional in the great undertaking of learning, of teachers

4、 with pupils, outside the classroom as well as inside it. No one is successfully educated within the walls of any particular classroom or laboratory or museum; and no amount of association, however close and familiar and delightful, between mere beginners can ever produce the sort of enlightenment w

5、hich the young lad gets when he first-begins to catch the infection of learning. The trouble with most of our colleges nowadays is that the faculty of the college live one life and the undergraduates quite a different one. They constitute two communities. The life of the undergraduates is not touche

6、d with the personal influence of the teachers: life among the teachers is not touched by the personal impressions which should come from frequent and intimate contact with undergraduates. This separation need not exist, and, in the college of the ideal university, would not exist.It is perfectly pos

7、sible to organize the life of our colleges in such a way that students and teachers alike will take part in it; in such a way that a perfectly natural daily intercourse will beestablished between them; and it is only by such an organization that they can be given real vitality as places of serious t

8、raining, be made communities in which youngsters will come fully to realize how interesting intellectual work is, how vital, how important, how closely associated with all modern achievementonly by such an organization that study can be made to seem part of life itself. Lectures often seem very form

9、al and empty things; recitations generally prove very dull and unrewarding. It is in conversation and natural intercourse with scholars chiefly that you find how lively knowledge is, how it ties into everything that is interesting and important, how intimate a part it is of everything that is practi

10、cal and connected with the world. Men are not always made thoughtful by books, but they are generally made thoughtful by association with men who think.The present and most pressing problem of our university authorities is to bring about this vital association for the benefit of the novices of the u

11、niversity world, the undergraduates. Classroom methods are thorough enough; competent scholars already lecture and set tasks and superintend their performance; but the life of the average undergraduate outside the classroom and other stated appointments with his instructors is not very much affected

12、 by his studies: is almost entirely dissociated from intellectual interests.1.Successful education is the acquiring of knowledge from（ ）.2.The teacher and the student do not understand each other much because （ ）.3.The teacher and the student（ ）.4.Man tends to think because（ ）.5.It is found that a s

13、tudent does not often make the most use of（ ）to make life more worth living.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.classrooms, laboratories and museumsB.all sources availableC.intimate association between beginnersD.experienced scholars問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.they do not live togetherB.they do not often try to exchange ideas, emotions and experien

14、cesC.they do not respect each otherD.they have different standards of education問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.can actually live in each others lifeB.can live together in the same placeC.can play equally wellD.can discuss freely every day問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.he has read a lotB.he is interested in the subjectC.he knows how others may feel

15、D.he wants to learn問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.classroom methodsB.tasksC.his school knowledgeD.his performance【答案】第1題:B第2題:B第3題:A第4題:D第5題:C【解析】1.推理判斷題。文章第一段提出觀點(diǎn)：理想校園應(yīng)該是多樣的，而且沒有人在任何特定的教室、實(shí)驗(yàn)室或博物館內(nèi)接受過(guò)成功的教育。校園里的分離是不需要存在的，并且在理想大學(xué)的學(xué)院中也不存在。因此判斷只有B項(xiàng)“成功的教育是從知識(shí)中獲取的”符合文意。2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段中 “The trouble with most of our college

16、s nowadays is that the faculty of the college live one life and the undergraduates quite a different one. They constitute two communities. The life of the undergraduates is not touched with the personal influence of the teachers: life among the teachers is not touched by the personal impressions whi

17、ch should come from frequent and intimate contact with undergraduates.”，中文大意為：現(xiàn)在我們大多數(shù)大學(xué)的問(wèn)題在于，學(xué)院的教職員工過(guò)著一種生活，而本科生則完全不同。他們構(gòu)成了兩個(gè)社區(qū)。大學(xué)生的生活不受教師的個(gè)人影響，教師之間的生活不受來(lái)自與大學(xué)生頻繁、親密接觸的個(gè)人印象的影響。由此可知B選項(xiàng)“他們通常不會(huì)交換想法、情感和經(jīng)驗(yàn)”符合題意。3.推理判斷題。由題干可定位到原文第二段中 “It is perfectly possible to organize the life of our colleges in such a w

18、ay that students and teachers alike will take part in it”，中文翻譯為：我們完全有可能把大學(xué)的生活組織起來(lái)，使學(xué)生和教師都能參與其中。以及下文 “It is only by such an organization that they can be given real vitality as places of serious training, be made communities in which youngsters will come fully to realize how interesting intellectual

19、work is”，中文翻譯為：只有通過(guò)這樣的組織，才能使大學(xué)這種嚴(yán)格地培養(yǎng)人的地方真正充滿朝氣，才能使他們成為共同生活的團(tuán)體，年輕人在其中會(huì)充分認(rèn)識(shí)到腦力勞動(dòng)是多么有趣。綜合而知，A項(xiàng)“能真正活在彼此的生活中”正確。4.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段中 “It is in conversation and natural intercourse with scholars chiefly that you find how lively knowledge is, how it ties into everything that is interesting and important

20、, how intimate a part it is of everything that is practical and connected with the world. Men are not always made thoughtful by books, but they are generally made thoughtful by association with men who think.”，中文翻譯為：正是與學(xué)者的交談和自然交流，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)知識(shí)是多么生動(dòng)、知識(shí)與一切有趣和重要的事物是多么緊密相連，它是這些事物的不可分割的一部分，是一切實(shí)用的以及與當(dāng)今世界有關(guān)的事物密切聯(lián)

21、系的一部分。人們并不總是通過(guò)書本來(lái)思考，但是通常與善于思考的人交往能使人善于思考?？梢缘弥狣選項(xiàng)“他想了解”正確。5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章尾段 “Classroom methods are thorough enough; competent scholars already lecture and set tasks and superintend their performance; but the life of the average undergraduate outside the classroom and other stated appointments with

22、 his instructors is not very much affected by his studies: is almost entirely dissociated from intellectual interests.”，中文翻譯為：課堂教學(xué)方法足夠徹底；有能力的學(xué)者已經(jīng)講課，設(shè)定任務(wù)并監(jiān)督他們的表現(xiàn)；但是，普通本科生的課外生活以及與導(dǎo)師的其他約定并沒有受到他學(xué)習(xí)的太大影響：幾乎完全脫離了他的智力興趣。因此C選項(xiàng)最符合。4.單選題The English weather defies forecast and hence is a source of interest（ ） t

23、o everyone.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.speculationB.attributionC.utilizationD.proposition【答案】A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng) speculation “思索，推測(cè)；做投機(jī)買賣”；B選項(xiàng) attribution “歸屬，歸因”；C選項(xiàng) utilization “利用”；D選項(xiàng) proposition “主張，建議，陳述，命題”。句意：英國(guó)的天氣讓人無(wú)法預(yù)測(cè)，因此它成為大家感興趣和推測(cè)的對(duì)象。根據(jù)句意，A選項(xiàng)正確。5.單選題Her face was a fair（ ）to her disposition.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.markB.indicat

24、ionC.prefaceD.index.【答案】D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A: mark “斑點(diǎn)；記號(hào)；成績(jī)”；B: indication “指示；象征”；C: preface “序言，引語(yǔ)”；D: index “索引； 數(shù)指數(shù)；指示；標(biāo)志”。 句意：她的臉是顯示她氣質(zhì)的一個(gè)很好的指標(biāo)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和句意，D選項(xiàng)正確。6.翻譯題Directions: Put the following passage into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on the Answer Sheet.Scientific resear

25、ch is by nature an uncertain undertaking. Like any exploratory process, it is not possible to predict what one will find or what its eventual utility might be. That is the whole point of research-investigating what we do not know. In other walks of life we have come to grips with the notion of stoch

26、astic phenomena that are not individually predictable, but can be tackled as a group. Mutual fund managers do not expect every investment to have the same return, nor do actuaries expect every person to live precisely to the life expectancy. The whole point of a mutual fund, or an insurance company,

27、 is to create a portfolio of unpredictable entities that in the aggregate yield to statistical prediction. Given a sufficiently large portfolio of research projects, and enough time to bring them to fruition, the track record is clear: Science is a tremendous, and very predictable, investment.Yet th

28、is is not how science is viewed by those who fund it in government or industry. Therefore, projects are subjected to a scrutiny wholly inappropriate to their nature. The most reliable way to get research funds is to predict the research results up front, to guarantee low risk of failure, and to pres

29、ent a clear and certain path from results to great commercial utility.【答案】科學(xué)研究一項(xiàng)不確定的事業(yè)。就像任何探索過(guò)程一樣，我們不可能預(yù)測(cè)人們 會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)什么，或者它最終的效用是什么。研究-調(diào)查我們不知道的事情是整個(gè)重點(diǎn)。在其他行業(yè)，我們已經(jīng)掌握隨機(jī)現(xiàn)象的概念，這些現(xiàn)象不作為個(gè)體預(yù)測(cè)，而是可以作為一個(gè)整體來(lái)處理的。共同基金經(jīng)理不期望每一個(gè)投資都有同樣的回報(bào)，精算師們也不期望每個(gè)人都能精確地生活在預(yù)期壽命中。共同基金或保險(xiǎn)公司的全部目的是創(chuàng)建一個(gè)不可預(yù)測(cè)的實(shí)體組合，這些實(shí)體在總體收益率上是用于統(tǒng)計(jì)預(yù)測(cè)的。倘若有足夠大型的研究組合

30、，以及有足夠的時(shí)間讓它們結(jié)出碩果，這種記錄是清晰的：科學(xué)是一項(xiàng)巨大的、非?？深A(yù)測(cè)的投資。然而，政府或工業(yè)界的資助者并不是這樣看待科學(xué)的。因此，項(xiàng)目受到完全不符合其性質(zhì)的審查。獲得科研經(jīng)費(fèi)最可靠的途徑是提前預(yù)測(cè)研究成果，保證低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的失敗，并從研究成果向大商業(yè)應(yīng)用的角度說(shuō)明清晰、確定的路徑。7.單選題（ ）the advances of science the discomforts of old age will no doubt always be with us.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.As forB.ExceptC.BesidesD.Despite【答案】D【解析】考查介詞。A: as for “至

31、于” ；B: except “除之外”；C: besides “除之外（還有）”；D: despite “盡管”。句意：盡管科學(xué)不斷發(fā)展，老年的疼痛無(wú)疑總是伴隨著我們。結(jié)合此處語(yǔ)境，D為正確答案。8.單選題He（ ）his children nothing and gave them whatever they wanted.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.rejectedB.deniedC.deprivedD.restricted【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A: reject “拒絕接受” ；B: deny “拒絕給予”；C: deprive “剝奪”；D: restrict “限制”。句意：他不拒絕

32、孩子的任何要求，而且能給他們想要的一切。結(jié)合此處句意，B為正確答案。9.單選題This month Singapore passed a bill that would give legal teeth to the moral obligation to support ones parents. Called the Maintenance of Parents Bill, it received the backing of the Singapore Government.That does not mean it hasnt generated discussion. Several

33、 members of the Parliament opposed the measure as un-Asian. Others who acknowledged the problem of the elderly poor believed it a disproportionate response. Still others believe it will subvert relations within the family: cynics dubbed it the Sue Your Son” law.Those who say that the bill does not p

34、romote filial responsibility, of course, are right. It has nothing to do with filial responsibility, it kicks in where filial responsibility fails. The law cannot legislate filial responsibility any more than it can legislate love. All the law can do is to provide a safety net where this morality pr

35、oves insufficient. Singapore needs this bill not to replace morality, but to provide incentives to shore it up.Like many other developed nations, Singapore faces the problems of an increasing proportion of people over 60 years of age. Demography is inexorable. In 1980, 7.2% of the population was in

36、this bracket. By the turn of the century, that figure will grow to 11%. By 2030, the proportion is projected to be 2%. The problem is not old age. It is that the ratio of economically active people to economically inactive people will decline.But no amount of government exhortation or paternalism wi

37、ll completely eliminate the problem of old people who have insufficient means to make ends meet. Some people will fall through the holes in any safety net.Traditionally, a persons insurance against poverty in his old age was his family. This is not revolutionary concept. Nor is it uniquely Asian Car

38、e and support for ones parents is a universal value shared by all civilized societies.The problem in Singapore is that the moral obligation to look after ones parents is unenforceable. A father can be compelled by law to maintain his children, a husband can be forced to support his wife. But, until

39、now, a son or daughter had no legal obligation to support his or her parent.In 1989, an Advisory Council was set up to look into the problems of the ageD.Its report stated with a tinge of complacency that 95% of those who did not have their own income were receiving cash contributions from relations

40、. But what about the 5% who arent getting relatives support? They have several options:(a)get a job and work until they die;(b) apply for public assistance(you have to be destitute to apply ); or(c) starve quietly. None of these options is socially acceptable and what if this 5% figure grows, as it

41、is likely to do, as society ages?The Maintenance of Parents Bill was put forth to encourage the traditional virtues that have so far kept Asian nations from some of the breakdowns encountered in other affluent societies. This legislation will allow a person to apply to the court for maintenance from

42、 any or all of his children. The court would have the discretion to refuse to make an order if it is unjust.Those who deride the proposal for opening up the courts to family lawsuits miss the point. Only in extreme cases would any parent take his child to court. If it does indeed become law, the bil

43、ls effect would be far more subtle.First, it will reaffirm the notion that it is each individuals- not societysresponsibility look after his parents. Singapore is still conservative enough that most people will not object to this ideA.It rein forces the traditional values and it doesnt hurt a societ

44、y now and then to remind itself of its core values.Second, and more important it will make those who are inclined to shirk their responsibilities think twice. Until now, if a person asked family elders, clergymen or the ministry of community Development to help get financial support from his childre

45、n, the most they could do was to mediate. But mediators have no teeth, and a child could simply ignore their pleas.But to be sued by ones parents would be a massive loss of face. It would be a public disgrace Few people would be so thick-skinned as to say: Sue and be damneD.The hand of the conciliat

46、or would be immeasurably strengtheneD.It is far more likely that some sort of amicable settlement would be reached if the recalcitrant son or daughter knows that the alternative is a public trial.It would be nice to think that Singapore doesnt need this kind of law. But that belief ignores the clear

47、 demographic trends and the effect of affluence itself on traditional bonds. Those of us who pushed for the bill will consider ourselves most successful if it acts as an incentive not to have it invoked in the first place.1.The maintenance of Parents Bill（ ）.2.Which of the following statements is CO

48、RRECT?3.The author seems to suggest that traditional values（ ）.4.The author thinks that if the bill becomes law its effect would be（ ）.5.At the end of the passage, the author seems to imply that success of the Bill depends upon（ ）.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.received all peoples support in the Singapore ParliamentB.was

49、believed to solve all the problems of the elderly poorC.was intended to substitute for traditional values in SingaporeD.was passed to make the young more responsible to the old問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.Filial responsibility in Singapore is enforced by lawB.Fathers have legal obligations to maintain their childrenC.It

50、is an acceptable practice for the old to continue workingD.The Advisory Council was set up in 1990問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.play an insignificant role in solving social problemB.are helpful to the elderly when they sue their childrenC.are very important in preserving Asian uniquenessD.are significant in helping the Bi

51、ll get approved問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.indirectB.unnoticedC.apparentD.unclear問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.strict enforcementB.public supportC.government assuranceD.filial awareness【答案】第1題:D第2題:B第3題:C第4題:A第5題:D【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。通過(guò)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到原文第一句“This month Singapore passed a bill that would give legal teeth to the moral obligation to support ones

52、 parents.”，中文翻譯：“本月，新加坡通過(guò)了一項(xiàng)法案，賦予 贍養(yǎng)父母的道義義務(wù)以法律效力。”因此，綜合考慮，選項(xiàng)D為正確答案。2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。通過(guò)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到原文“A father can be compelled by law to maintain his children.”，中文翻譯：“法律可以強(qiáng)迫一個(gè)父親撫養(yǎng)他的孩子?！币虼俗罴汛鸢笧锽選項(xiàng)。3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文“The Maintenance of Parents Bill was put forth to encourage the traditional virtues that have so far

53、 kept Asian nations from some of the breakdowns encountered in other affluent societies.”，中文翻譯：“贍養(yǎng)父母法案是為了鼓勵(lì)傳統(tǒng)美德，這些美 德至今使亞洲國(guó)家遠(yuǎn)離其他富裕社會(huì)遭遇到的衰敗?！庇纱丝梢酝茢喑龃鸢高x擇C。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文“If it does indeed become law, the bills effect would be far more subtle.”中文翻譯為：如果它真的成為法律，法案的效果將會(huì)更加微妙?！?以及后文作者寫道贍養(yǎng)父母是個(gè)人的責(zé)任，并非社會(huì)的責(zé)任

54、，但是有些人礙于情面，不得不重新考慮贍養(yǎng)父母的問(wèn)題，可知，A項(xiàng)符合題目描述。5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到原文最后一句“Those of us who pushed for the bill will consider ourselves most successful if it acts as an incentive not to have it invoked in the first place.”，中文翻譯為：“我們這些推動(dòng)該法案的人將認(rèn)為，如果它能作為一種激勵(lì)，使其在一開始就不被動(dòng)用，那么自己是最成功的?！币虼司C合可知，D選項(xiàng)是其主要原因。10.單選題The magician

55、picked several persons（ ）from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.by accidentB.at randomC.on occasionD.on average【答案】B【解析】考查詞組。A: by accident “偶然”；B: at random “隨機(jī)”；C: on occasion “有時(shí)；間或”；D: on average “平均起來(lái)”。 句意：魔術(shù)師從觀眾中胡亂挑選了幾個(gè)人，請(qǐng)他們幫助他進(jìn)行表演。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和句意，B最合適。11.單選題Terrorist

56、s（ ）to bombing city centers as a means of achieving their political aims.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.resortedB.tookC.sawD.looked【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A: resort to “依靠，求助于；訴諸；常去”；B: ;take to “喜歡；走向； 開始從事”；C: see to “注意;負(fù)責(zé)；照料”；D: look to “注意;指望；照看”。句意：恐怖分子把向市中心投放炸彈作為他們完成政治目標(biāo)的手段。結(jié)合此處語(yǔ)境，A為正確答案。12.單選題Bribery（ ）the confidence that

57、must exist between buyer and seller.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.aggravatesB.deterioratesC.corrodesD.degenerates【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A: aggravates “加重，使惡化；使惱火”；B: deteriorates “惡化，變壞”；C: corrodes “（漸漸）損害；（一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地）損傷”；D: degenerates “使退化；惡化；使變質(zhì)”。句意：賄賂傷害了買賣雙方必須存在的信任。根據(jù)句意及動(dòng)賓搭配可知C最合適。13.單選題The negotiations have（ ）again, and the r

58、epresentatives have all been called back.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.broken outB.broken offC.broken throughD.broken into【答案】B【解析】考查詞組。A: break out “突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)” ；B: break off“（使）脫離；停止；中斷”；C: break through “突破”；D: break into“闖進(jìn)”。句意：談判又中斷了，代表們都被召回了。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，B為正確答案。14.單選題If I take this medicine twice a day it should（ ）my cold.問(wèn)題1選

59、項(xiàng)A.heatB.cureC.treatD.recover【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A: heat “使溫暖，使發(fā)熱” ；B: cure “治療，治愈”；C: treat “對(duì)待；治療”；D: recover “恢復(fù)；重新獲得”。句意：假如這種藥我一天吃兩次，它就可以治愈我的感冒。結(jié)合此處語(yǔ)境，和感冒相關(guān)，故B為正確答案。15.單選題In the negotiation held between the two parties of the workers and employer the workers were（ ）in asking for more holidays.問(wèn)題1選

60、項(xiàng)A.jointB.harmoniousC.unanimousD.coordinated【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。be unanimous in表示“（所有人）一致同意的，全體一致的，無(wú)異 議的”。句意：在工人和雇主雙方進(jìn)行的談判中，工人們一致要求更多的假期。結(jié)合此處語(yǔ)義，C為正確答案。16.單選題In large part as a consequence of the feminist movement, historians have focused a great deal of attention in recent years on determining more accu