2022年考研考博-考博英語-安徽大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號84

1、住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-安徽大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題With prices（ ）so much, its hard to plan a budget.問題1選項A.frustratingB.fluctuatingC.overloadingD.overflowing【答案】B【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項frustrating“挫??；使沮喪”；B選項fluctuating“波動；起伏不定”；C選項overloading“超載”；D選項overflowing“溢出；擠滿”。句意：因為價格

2、太大，所以很難制定預算。開頭使用了with復合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語表原因，故應該使用動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。價格一般都是易變的，因此B選項符合題意。2.單選題We are shocked by his selfishness and（ ）to those who needs help.問題1選項A.inactivityB.insensitivityC.stupidityD.idleness【答案】B【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項inactivity“不活動；休止狀態(tài)”；B選項insensitivity“感覺遲鈍；不靈敏”；C選項stupidity“愚蠢”；D選項idleness“懶惰；閑散”。句意：他的自私、

3、對需要幫助的人們，令我們驚訝。關(guān)鍵信息詞selfishness“自私”，可知對他的評價是負面的?？崭窈髏o those who needs help對那些需要幫助的人，自私的人以自我為中心是不會在乎其他人的。insensitivity有麻木不仁，漠不關(guān)心的意思。因此B選項符合題意。3.單選題In my eyes, the old generation is always（ ）.問題1選項A.economicB.costlyC.expensiveD.thrifty【答案】D【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項economic“經(jīng)濟的；經(jīng)濟學的”；B選項costly“昂貴的；代價高的”；C選項expen

4、sive“昂貴的”；D選項thrifty“節(jié)檢的；節(jié)約的”。句意：在我眼里，老一輩總是的。關(guān)鍵詞the old generation老一輩的消費觀偏向于節(jié)約。故選D。4.填空題Directions: This part consists of ten sentences. Each sentence has four parts underlined and labeled A, B, C and D. Identify the one choice that is not accepted in standard English and mark your choice by blacken

5、ing the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.21. A few A naturally elements exist in such small B amounts that they are known C mainly from laboratory-made D samples.22. A To stay warm in cold weather, cold-blooded animals must expose B itself to C a source of warmth such as D direct sunlight.23

6、. A severe illness A where she was B just nineteen months old C deprived Helen Keller D of both her sight and hearing.24. In A the wild, tea plants become B trees of C approximately thirty feet in Dhigh.25. For many centuries, sailors A relied on echoes B to warn them of Canother ships, icebergs, or

7、 cliffs in D foggy weather.26. A It is the B interaction between people, rather than the events that occur in their lives, C that are the main focus of D social psychology.27. It is true that A the rotation of the Earth B on its axis is responsible C with the alternation of periods D of light and da

8、rkness.28. One of the most difficult A questions B in defining sleep C is “What D is the functions of sleep?”29. Seven A of planets rotate in the same direction B as their orbital motions, C while Venus and Uranus rotate in the D opposite direction.30. The tongue is A capable of many B motions and c

9、onfigurations and plays C a vital role in chewing, D swallowed, and speaking.【答案】21. A22. B23. A24. D25. C26. C27. C28. D29. A30. D【解析】21. 考查形容詞和副詞的運用。將naturally改為natural；后面的elements“要素”為名詞。記憶點：形容詞修飾名詞，副詞大多用來修飾動詞。22. 考查代詞的對應關(guān)系。將itself改成themselves；句中指代的對象是animals，是復數(shù)名詞，代詞也同樣需要使用復數(shù)形式。23. 考查從句引導詞的使用。將w

10、here改成when；后面的she was just nineteen months old，用來特定表示那個時間段，而時間狀語從句用when進行連接引導。where主要表地點。24.考查固定詞組搭配。將high改成height；“in height”表示“在高度上”，是固定搭配。25. 考查代詞的搭配。將another改成other；因為后面的ships是復數(shù)名詞，而another后面接單數(shù)名詞，故應改為other。26. 考查主謂一致。將are改成is；整句的大體結(jié)構(gòu)為（Itsthat）rather than作為插入語，不充當居中主要成分，the interaction between p

11、eople才是本句的主語，為單數(shù)，故從句的謂語動詞也應使用單數(shù)。27. 考查詞組的固定搭配。將with改成for；be responsible for“對負責”，為固定搭配。28. 考查主謂一致。將is改成are，主謂一致；one of接復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。后面的主語為questions，故此句的謂語動詞應使用復數(shù)形式are。29. 考查定冠詞的用法。在planets前添加the；在本句中的planets是特指太陽系中的九大行星，因此，需要加入定冠詞the。30. 考查連詞的一致性。將swallowed改成swallowing；句中play a vital role in+動名詞，and連接所有動詞

12、的使用形式需要一致。5.單選題Charles Wheelers paintings often（ ）the sharp edges and geometrical shapes of machines.問題1選項A.highlightB.reviveC.visualizeD.upgrade【答案】A【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項highlight“突出；強調(diào)”；B選項revive“復興；復活”；C選項visualize“設(shè)想；形象化”；D選項upgrade“升級；改善”。句意：查爾斯惠勒的作品機器的鋒利的邊緣和幾何形狀。句中的主語是paintings“繪畫；畫作”，可知是在談論這位畫家作品的風格

13、，會著重強調(diào)哪些部分。因此A選項符合題意。6.單選題A growing number of college officials, guidance counselors and education experts would like to eliminate, or sharply curtail(減少) early admission(提前錄取)a process in which many colleges admit a substantial percentage of their students in the fall. Controversy is particularly h

14、eated regarding many early admission programs that require applicants to give up the chance to apply elsewhere.Opponents of early admissions offer several criticisms. The practice intensifies an unhealthy level of competition for admission to the nations top colleges and universities, they say. More

15、over, critics say, early admission unfairly gives a leg up to some applicants, mostly those who already have many advantages-students at elite private schools and wealthy public schools where families and guidance counselors know how to work the angles of the admissions system.The president of Yale

16、University fueled the debate earlier this month by proposing that Yale and other elite institutions consider abandoning the early programs. In a sign of just how competitive the admissions process has become, he said his university could not make such a move alone. Even some students who gain early

17、admission to the colleges they want say the process involves too much pressure, too soon.The use of “early decision” and “early action” programs, which, in different ways, grant admission to students months ahead of the usual spring notifications, has soared in recent years and is at what some say a

18、re record highs. Many top private colleges now accept more than a third of their freshman classes in the weeks before Christmas, significantly reducing the number of spots available in the spring. For next year, Stanford already has picked 34% of its freshman class; Yale has chosen 42% of its. The U

19、niversity of Pennsylvania has locked up 49.5% of its entering class.Early admission policies have existed for at least 20 years. But their useand the controversy around themhas grown in the last decade, especially since the mid-1990s, when Yale, Princeton and Stanford all instituted binding early de

20、cision. The programs clearly benefit colleges, allowing schools to lock in talented young scholars and enhance their own standings in the influential college rankings.31. In some peoples opinion, early admissions（ ）.32. It can be inferred from the passage that（ ）.33. According to the passage, Yale c

21、laimed that（ ）.34. In recent years, early admissions（ ）.35. The authors attitude to early admission is（ ）.問題1選項A.will be abolished in the futureB.cause unfair competition in collegesC.attract more and more studentsD.are popular without entrance exams問題2選項A.early admissions include excellent students

22、 in every schoolB.parents are against early admissions absolutelyC.many parents learn little about the early admission systemD.the people who have the upper hand has more chances in early admissions問題3選項A.they were satisfied with the students from early admissionsB.they were critical of the deed of

23、other collegesC.they were aware of the disadvantages of the early admission systemD.they would reform the current early admission system問題4選項A.changed the standard fullyB.were less competitiveC.were becoming more and more popularD.were not publicized in spring any longer問題5選項A.optimisticB.pessimisti

24、cC.despairingD.conservative【答案】第1題:B第2題:D第3題:C第4題:C第5題:A【解析】31. 推理判斷題。定位在文章第二段第一句Opponents of early admissions offer several criticisms.（反對提前錄取的人提出了一些批評言論。）The practice intensifies an unhealthy level of competition for admission to the nations top colleges and universities, they say.（他們說，這種做法加劇了進入美國

25、頂尖大學的不健康競爭。）由此可知提前錄取會引起大學不公平競爭。B選項“會造成大學里不公平的競爭”正確，符合題意。A選項“將來會被廢除”，C選項“吸引越來越多的學生”，D選項“沒有入學考試很受歡迎”，A，C，D在文章中并未涉及，可排除。故選B。32. 推理判斷題。定位在第二段最后一句Moreover, critics say, early admission unfairly gives a leg up to some applicants, mostly those who already have many advantages-students at elite private scho

26、ols and wealthy public schools where families and guidance counselors know how to work the angles of the admissions system.（此外，批評人士說，提前錄取不公平地讓一些申請人獲得了優(yōu)勢，主要是那些已經(jīng)有很多優(yōu)勢的學生就讀于精英私立學校和富裕的公立學校的學生，這些學校的家庭和輔導員都知道如何從招生系統(tǒng)的角度出發(fā)。）A選項“每所學校的優(yōu)秀生都被提前錄取”，B選項“家長堅決反對提前錄取”，C選項“許多家長對提前錄取制度了解甚少”，A，B，C選項在文章中并未提及，可排除。D選項“那些

27、占上風的人在提前錄取方面機會更大”正確，故選D。33. 推理判斷題。定位在第三段The president of Yale University fueled the debate earlier this month by proposing that Yale and other elite institutions consider abandoning the early programs.（本月早些時候，耶魯大學的總統(tǒng)教授提出，耶魯和其他精英機構(gòu)應該考慮放棄早期的項目，這引發(fā)了這場爭論。）Even some students who gain early admission to t

28、he colleges they want say the process involves too much pressure, too soon.（甚至一些提前被他們想要的大學錄取的學生也說，這個過程壓力太大，太早了。）由此推論耶魯大學和提前錄取的學生都覺得這項制度有不合理的地方。A選項“他們對提前錄取的學生感到滿意”，未提及。B選項“他們對其他學院的行為持批評態(tài)度”，只是倡議取消，并未提出批評，C選項“他們意識到了提前錄取制度的弊端”正確，正是意識到了弊端才會提出考慮放棄提前錄取的項目。D選項“他們將改革現(xiàn)行的提前錄取制度”，太過肯定，還處在提議爭論中，并未得出結(jié)果。故選C。34. 推理

29、判斷題。定位在第四段第一句The use of “early decision” and “early action” programs, which, in different ways, grant admission to students months ahead of the usual spring notifications, has soared in recent years and is at what some say are record highs.（“提前決定”和“提前行動”項目的使用，以不同的方式，讓學生比通常的春季通知提前幾個月被錄取。近年來，這些項目的使用激增

30、，有人說達到了創(chuàng)紀錄的高點。）Early admission policies have existed for at least 20 years. But their useand the controversy around themhas grown in the last decade（提前錄取政策已經(jīng)存在了至少20年。但它們的使用以及圍繞它們的爭議在過去10年中不斷增長），由關(guān)鍵詞soar“激增”，grown“生長，擴大”，我們可以推理出提前錄取到現(xiàn)在還是普遍盛行的。因此C選項“變得越來越受歡迎”正確。A選項“完全改變了標準”并未談及標準，B選項“競爭性較弱”，The practi

31、ce intensifies an unhealthy level of competition for admission to the nations top colleges and universities, they say.（他們說，這種做法加劇了進入美國頂尖大學的不健康競爭。）表述錯誤，D選項“在春天不再宣傳了”，據(jù)第四段第一句可知，表述有誤。故選C。35. 觀點態(tài)度題。定位在文章中的最后一句The programs clearly benefit colleges, allowing schools to lock in talented young scholars and

32、enhance their own standings in the influential college rankings.（這些項目顯然對大學而言是有利的，允許學校鎖定有才華的年輕學者，提高自己在有影響力的大學中的地位排名。）由此可知作者覺得這項制度還是有利可取的。故A選項“樂觀的”正確。B選項“悲觀的”，C選項“絕望的”，D選項“保守的”均可排除，故選A。7.單選題The unemployed man is（ ）about streets with a cigar in his hand and a miserable feeling in mind.問題1選項A.plungingB.

33、patrollingC.loungingD.lingering【答案】D【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項plunging“驟降；投入”；B選項patrolling“巡邏；偵查”；C選項lounging“懶洋洋地站著”；D選項lingering“徘徊；磨蹭”。句意：那個失業(yè)的人手里拿著雪茄在街上，心里愁悶不安。D選項符合語境語義，故選D。8.單選題The United Nations has declared 2008 the International Year of the Potato. It hopes that greater（ ）of the merits of potatoes wil

34、l contribute to the achievement of its Millennium Development Goals.問題1選項A.identityB.apprehensionC.awarenessD.consciousness【答案】C【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項identity“身份；特性”；B選項apprehension“憂慮；恐懼”；C選項awareness“意識；認識”；D選項consciousness“知覺；感覺”。句意：聯(lián)合國已經(jīng)宣布2008年為國際土豆年，并希望更多人土豆的優(yōu)點，從而促進千年發(fā)展目標的達成。為了促成千年發(fā)展目標的達成，一定要讓更多人意識到土豆的

35、優(yōu)點。因此C選項符合題意。9.單選題The expression “haste makes waste” does not（ ）to reading.問題1選項A.affectB.attendC.adoptD.apply【答案】D【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項affect“影響；感染”；B選項attend“出席；參加”；C選項adopt“采?。唤邮堋?；D選項apply“應用；適用”。句意：“欲速則不達”這句話不于閱讀。AC選項不能與to連用，可排除。B選項attend to意為“照顧；照料”，不符合句意，故選D。10.單選題Because these lines are taken out of

36、（ ）, they do not convey the message the author intended.問題1選項A.contentB.contactC.contextD.contract【答案】C【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項content“內(nèi)容；目錄”；B選項contact“接觸；聯(lián)系”；C選項context“環(huán)境；上下文”；D選項contract“合同；契約”。Because引導原因狀語從句，由主句they do not convey the message the author intended.“它們無法傳達作者想表達的含義，可知單看一個句子是無法了解到作者想要表達的含義的，需

37、要結(jié)合文章的上下文，才能夠理清思路。句意：由于脫離了，這些文字無法傳達作者想表達的含義。因此C選項符合題意。11.單選題The sewage system of the city（ ）the water so that swimming was forbidden.問題1選項A.dilutedB.divertedC.culminatedD.contaminated【答案】D【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項diluted“稀釋；削弱”；B選項diverted“轉(zhuǎn)移；使轉(zhuǎn)向”；C選項culminated“使結(jié)束；達到頂點”；D選項contaminated“污染；弄臟”。句意：城市的污水系統(tǒng)了這片水域，

38、因此游泳被禁止。關(guān)鍵詞sewage“污水”和后面的結(jié)果swimming was forbidden“游泳被禁止了”由此可知是污水會污染這片水域。本句使用的是過去式，因此空格內(nèi)應填入謂語動詞的過去式。因此D選項符合題意。12.單選題China, the economic powerhouse with a population of more than one billion people, is often at the（ ）of the news agenda.問題1選項A.forefrontB.edgeC.brinkD.border【答案】A【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項forefront“

39、前沿；最前線”；B選項edge“邊緣”；C選項brink“邊緣”；D選項border“邊界；邊境”。句意：中國，這個擁有超過10億人口的經(jīng)濟強國，經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在新聞議程的。B選項edge一般是用來形容比較窄的邊緣。C選項brink一般是指懸崖峭壁的邊緣。D選項border邊界通常用來形容兩國之間的邊界線與臨界點。而根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞news agenda“新聞議程”，中國經(jīng)常能夠占據(jù)新聞議程的最前沿。因此A選項符合題意。13.單選題Her husband is very（ ）electrician, he could repair all kinds of electric appliances.問題1選

40、項A.industriousB.competentC.carefulD.generous【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項industrious“勤勉的”；B選項competent“有能力的；勝任的”；C選項careful“小心的；仔細的”；D選項generous“慷慨的；大方的”。句意：她丈夫是一個的電工，他可以修理各種電器。后半句關(guān)鍵詞repair“修理”，可知他是有能力做好的。故選B。14.單選題It was a scene that would stay forever in his mind: the father holding his son above the water

41、, himself slowly（ ）in the lake, desperately awaiting rescue.問題1選項A.oversteppedB.overflowedC.subjectedD.submerged【答案】D【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項overstepped“逾越；超越”；B選項overflowed“溢出”；C選項subjected“使遭受；使從屬”；D選項submerged“淹沒；沉浸”。句意：這一幕將永遠停留在他心中：父親托舉兒子露出水面，自己卻慢慢于湖水中，絕望地等待救援。由關(guān)鍵信息above the water“在水面上”可以知道父親的身體正淹沒在水中。因此D

42、選項符合題意。15.翻譯題Chinese culture is developed around collectivism which stresses communion and harmony. Western culture emphasizes individualism. In terms of eating customs, chopsticks and knives and forks are two disparate expressions of this cultural difference. The Chinese like to have communal meals

43、 where everybody eats out of the same bowl of food. Chopsticks were used in order to discourage people from eating more than others. This was not only a good way to preserve collectiveness, but also to limit individualism. It is more straightforward in the West. People eat their meals on their own a

44、nd there is no restriction on how to eat.【答案】中國文化推崇集體主義，崇尚共有，融合；西方文化崇尚個體。體現(xiàn)在吃飯的方式上就是筷子和刀叉的不同。中國人實行合餐制，用餐的人在一個盤中取食，用筷子可以限制個別人大量取食。如此一來，既保留了集體主義的形態(tài)，個人利益又不會受太大影響。西方人就簡單一些，每個人吃自己盤里的食物，吃法也沒有什么嚴格限制。16.單選題As protector of her familys health, the pioneer woman confronted situations she never imagined before

45、crossing the Mississippi. Few women came west prepared to deal with desert sunburn, rattlesnake bites, or arrow wounds. Even when doctors were available, they were often no more knowledgeable than their patients. And most patent medicines were no more reliable than the itinerant merchants who sold t

46、hem.In certain cases, a woman could draw upon the folk wisdom and remedies she had learned back home; Western mosquitoes, for example, proved to be as repelled by a paste of vinegar and salt as were their Eastern cousins. More often, however, a woman was guided only by her own ingenuity in concoctin

47、g tonics, powders, poisons, and polishes from whatever she had at hand; salt made a passable toothpaste; gunpowder was applied to warts, and turpentine(松節(jié)油) to open cuts; goose grease, skunk oil, and the ever-present lard were basic liniments; medical teas and tonics were brewed from sunflower seeds

48、 and roots.31. According to the passage, why were doctors in the west sometimes unable to help their patients?32. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about patent medicines?33. It can be inferred that most of the pioneers referred to in the passage were originally from where in t

49、he United States?34. All of the following were mentioned in the passage as being encountered by the pioneers EXCEPT（ ）.35. It can be inferred from the passage that in order to survive in the West, the pioneers had to be（ ）.問題1選項A.They did not know how to treat the unfamiliar illnesses.B.They were mo

50、re interested in establishing practices in the cities.C.They were more concerned with doing research than with treating patients.D.They were often overcome by diseases caught from their patients.問題2選項A.They do not cost much.B.They helped heal snakebites.C.They did not work very well.D.They has a str

51、ong taste.問題3選項A.The desertB.The WestC.The state of MississippiD.The East問題4選項A.arrow woundsB.severe frostbiteC.desert sunburnD.rattlesnake bites問題5選項A.sincereB.youngC.resourcefulD.rich【答案】第1題:A第2題:C第3題:D第4題:B第5題:C【解析】31. 客觀細節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文Even when doctors were available, they were often no more knowledgea

52、ble than their patients.（即使有醫(yī)生，他們也常常像他們的病人一樣缺乏知識。）故A選項“他們不知道如何治療他們不熟悉的疾病”正確。B選項“他們對在城市建立業(yè)務更感興趣”，C選項“他們更關(guān)心做研究而不是治療病人”，D選項“他們經(jīng)常對他們病人的疾病無可奈何”不符合原文。因此A選項正確。32. 客觀細節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文And most patent medicines were no more reliable than the itinerant merchants who sold them.（大多數(shù)專利藥和賣專利藥的流動商人的藥品一樣，都不可靠。）所以我們可以推理出專利藥的效

53、果難以保證。C選項“它們的效果不太好。”正確。A選項“它們不貴”，B選項“它們對治療蛇咬傷有幫助”，D選項“它們味道很重”都不符合原文。故選C。33. 推理判斷題。定位在第二段第一句，提示詞learn back home（從家學習到的），可以在下半句找到答案，their Eastern cousins（她們東部的表兄弟們）可推理出她們來自美國的東部地區(qū)。A選項The desert“沙漠”；B選項The west“西部”；C選項The state of Mississippi“密西西比州”，首句As protector of her familys health, the pioneer wom

54、an confronted situations she never imagined before crossing the Mississippi. Few women came west prepared to deal with desert sunburn, rattlesnake bites, or arrow wounds.（作為她家庭健康的守護者，這位開拓者在穿越密西西比州之前遇到了她從未想象過的情況。很少有婦女來西部就準備好了應對沙漠曬傷、響尾蛇的咬傷或箭傷的。）由此可排除AB選項，C選項為干擾項，文中只說了穿越了密西西比并沒有直接說明來自那里。故選D。34. 客觀細節(jié)題。根

55、據(jù)原文Few women came west prepared to deal with desert sunburn, rattlesnake bites, or arrow wounds.（很少的婦女來到西部，就能夠準備應對沙漠曬傷、響尾蛇咬傷或者箭傷的。）A選項“箭傷”，C選項“沙漠曬傷”，D選項“響尾蛇咬傷”在句中都有提及，而B選項“嚴重的凍傷”并未涉及，故選B。35. 語義推測題。A選項sincere“真誠的”；B選項young“年輕的”；C選項resourceful“有策略的，足智多謀的”；D選項rich“富有的”。從第一段我們知道西部地區(qū)是比較艱苦的，定位到第二段a woman

56、could draw upon the folk wisdom and remedies she had learned back home.(女人可以借鑒自己在家里學到的民間智慧和療法。)由此我們可知先鋒者在西部艱苦的地方生存下來是需要有一定技巧的，故選C。17.單選題It would be（ ）to arrive at a conclusion now.問題1選項A.premierB.prematureC.preliminaryD.prior【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項premier“首要的；第一的”；B選項premature“早產(chǎn)的；不成熟的”；C選項preliminary“

57、初步的；預備的”；D選項prior“先前的；優(yōu)先的”。句意：現(xiàn)在就下結(jié)論會。在任何時候都可以做出一個決定，如果這項決定沒有深思熟慮過，那么實施起來就會遇到問題，所以不能夠過早的下定結(jié)論。因此B選項符合題意。18.單選題As the post-Enron wave of corporate scandals washed over America last year, a common response in Europe was: it couldnt happen here. Far from having the worlds best-policed markets, the Unite

58、d States, many European politicians claimed, suffered uniquely from a lethal combination of greedy and overpaid bosses: conflicted auditors and investment bankers, reliance on accounting rules not principles, and an obsession with quarterly profit numbers. In America, as many as 1,200 companies have

59、 been forced to restate their accounts in the past five years, in Europe the number is barely in double digits. So it is outrageous, many Europeans now argue, that America is seeking to impose the unwieldy Sarbanes-Oxley act, passed in the wake of Enron, on European companies listed in New York.As m

60、ore sensible European regulators recognize, this smugness was never justified; it is only necessary to recall scandals such as Vivendi and Elan. But Europes claim of immunity from corporate slackness has now been blown out of the water by this weeks revelations that Royal Ahold of the Netherlands ov