國際法答案及題

1、提醒：練習(xí)題給你們，告訴大家考試時(shí)注意時(shí)間，在一個(gè)半小時(shí)以后才可以交卷。考試時(shí)不要把這個(gè)練習(xí)題帶在身邊，特別是不要留在考試的教室里。練習(xí)題知識(shí)點(diǎn)： 聯(lián)合國憲章第二條規(guī)定的聯(lián)合國及其會(huì)員國應(yīng)尊循的諸項(xiàng)原則 中，第一個(gè)原則是（ ）。在劃界時(shí)，依據(jù)一般管轄原則，當(dāng)界河因自然原因發(fā)生改造道時(shí)，如改變是緩慢的，則界線應(yīng)（）我國民航法頒布于（）。第一次以法律形式提出人權(quán)概念和人權(quán)內(nèi)容的法律文件是（ ）。國際法之所以是法律，是因?yàn)椋ǎ囊韵赂黜?xiàng)中，享有司法豁免權(quán)的有（）一美國人在日本將一伊朗人殺死，后潛逃英國，（）。南沙群島屬于我國領(lǐng)土的依據(jù)是（）。所有國家的飛機(jī)和船舶可自由通過的區(qū)域是（）。通常所稱的“三

2、個(gè)反劫機(jī)公約”指（）。根據(jù)外層空間條約和登記條約，發(fā)射國應(yīng)就（）向聯(lián)合國秘書長報(bào)告登記。在人權(quán)問題上具有法律拘束力的國際文件有（ ）。近代國際仲裁的特點(diǎn)是（ ）。現(xiàn)代戰(zhàn)爭法上普遍接受的原則有（ ）。聯(lián)合國憲章是當(dāng)今世界上最大的國際組織聯(lián)合國的組織文件，本質(zhì)上屬于雙邊國際條約。( ) 聯(lián)合國國際法委員會(huì)的主要只能是從事國際法的編纂。( ) 名詞解釋（英語生用英語作答，俄語生用漢語作答。共3小題，第1、2題每題3分，第3小題為4分，總分為10分）1. 國際法的概念/The concept of International law：2. 條約/Treaty3. 國家繼承/State Successi

3、on答：1.International law used to be defined as the law that governs the relations between states, only states were subjects of international law. 2. Treaty means an international agreement concluded between States in written form and governed by international law, whether embodied in a single instrum

4、ent or in two or more related instruments and whatever its particular designation. 3.State succession is defined as the replacement of one state by another in the responsibility for the international relations of territory, and thus falls into the jurisdiction of international law.簡答題（第1、2、3小題，英語生、俄

5、語生都用漢語作答，第4、5小題英語生用英語回答，俄語生用漢語作答。每小題6分，共5小題，總分為30分）1.(6)簡述不干涉內(nèi)政原則的基本內(nèi)容2.(6)簡述國籍取得的幾種情形3.(6)簡述沿海國對領(lǐng)海的權(quán)利和義務(wù)。4. (6)國際法的淵源/Sources of International Law5. (6)國際的基本權(quán)利義務(wù)/Basic rights and duties of states答：4、The court, whose function is to decide in accordance with international law such disputes as are sub

6、mitted to it, shall apply: （1分）(a) international conventions, whether general or particular, establishing rules expressly recognized by the contesting States; （1分）(b)international custom, as evidence of a general practice accepted as law;(c)the general principles of law recognized by civilized natio

7、ns; （2分）(d) subject to the provisions of art 59,judicial decisions and the teachings of the most highly qualified publicists of the various nations, as subsidiary means for the determination of rules of law. （2分）國際法院將適用的國際法淵源有：國際條約（2分）、國際習(xí)慣（2分）、各國承認(rèn)的一般法律原則（1分）、司法判例（1分）等。5、（1）Right of independenceArt

8、icle 1 Every State has the right to independence and hence to exercise freely, without dictation by any other State, all its legal powers, including the choice of its own form of government. （2分）（2）Right of equalityArticle 5 Every State has the right to equality in law with every other State.（1）平等的代

9、表權(quán)和投票權(quán)（2）平等的締約權(quán)（3）平等的豁免權(quán)（4）平等的尊榮權(quán)（5）平等的位次權(quán)（2分）（3）Right of self-defense （1分）Article 12 Every State has the right of individual or collective self-defense against armed attack.（4）Right of jurisdiction （1分）論述題（英語生用英語作答，俄語生用漢語作答。每小題10分，共1小題，總分為10分）1.(10)國際法與國內(nèi)法的關(guān)系/The relationship between the internatio

10、nal law and domestic lawThe main question is whether international law and municipal law are part of a universal legal order or whether they form two distinct systems of law. Historically, there have been two schools of thought.（2分） Monism considers international law and municipal law to be part of

11、a universal legal order. Since they operate in the same sphere of influence and are concerned with the same subject matter, they come into conflict. Where a conflict does arise, it is international law that prevails. （2分） Dualism considers international law and municipal law to constitute two separa

12、te legal orders which exist independently of one another. Conflicts between the two systems may arise and the manner in which the conflict is resolved depends upon the forum in which it arises. In international tribunals, it is international law which will prevail, whereas municipal courts will appl

13、y in municipal law. （2分）Some writers have suggested that the monism/dualism dichotomy is unhelpful and instead argue that, since international law and municipal law constitute separate legal orders governing different subject matters, no real conflict can arise and apparent conflicts are dealt with

14、by the conflict of law rules of the particular forum.State practice is characterized by the adoption of either the transformation or incorporation doctrine, or a combination of the two. （2分）Transformation refers to the express and specific adoption of a rule of international law by the municipal law

15、 system. Transformation will usually be carried out by the enactment of a municipal statute. The transformation doctrine provides that no rule of international law will become part of municipal law unless it is specifically included.Incorporation avoids the need for new legislation, since it denotes

16、 the view that rules of international law are automatically become part of municipal law unless they are specifically excluded.Those States which have written constitutions will often make specific reference to the manner in which international law is to be treated by the municipal courts（2分）附錄資料：不需

17、要的文檔可以自行刪除 蔬菜的分類知識(shí)蔬菜植物的產(chǎn)品器官有根、莖、葉、花、果等5類，因此按產(chǎn)品器官分類也分成5種。 (1)根菜類。這類萊的產(chǎn)品(食用)器官為肉質(zhì)根或塊根。 肉質(zhì)根類菜：蘿卜、胡蘿卜、大頭菜( HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E6%A0%B9%E7%94%A8%E8%8A%A5%E8%8F%9C&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4rH6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bm

18、y-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank 根用芥菜)、蕪普、 HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E8%8A%9C%E8%8F%81%E7%94%98%E8%93%9D&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4rH6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank 蕪菁甘

19、藍(lán)和根用甜菜等。 塊根類菜：豆薯和葛等。 2)莖菜類。這類蔬菜食用部分為莖或莖的變態(tài)。 地下莖類：馬鈴薯、菊芋、蓮藕、姜、荸薺、慈菇和芋等。 地上莖類：茭白、石刁柏、竹筍、萵苣筍、 HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E7%90%83%E8%8C%8E%E7%94%98%E8%93%9D&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4rH6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYET

20、gN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank 球莖甘藍(lán)和榨菜等。 (3)葉萊類。這類蔬菜以普通葉片或葉球、葉叢、變態(tài)葉為產(chǎn)品器官。 普通葉菜類：小白菜、芥菜、菠菜、芹菜和莧菜等。 結(jié)球葉萊類： HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E7%BB%93%E7%90%83%E7%94%98%E8%93%9D&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4rH6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9U

21、z4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank 結(jié)球甘藍(lán)、大白菜、 HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E7%BB%93%E7%90%83%E8%8E%B4%E8%8B%A3&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4rH6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank

22、 結(jié)球萵苣和 HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E5%8C%85%E5%BF%83%E8%8A%A5%E8%8F%9C&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4rH6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank 包心芥菜等。 3辛番葉菜類：蔥、韭菜、蕪荽和茴香等。 鱗莖菜類：洋蔥、大蒜和百合等。 (4)花菜類。這

23、類蔬菜以花、肥大的花莖或花球?yàn)楫a(chǎn)品器官，如花椰菜、金針菜、青花菜、紫菜蔓、 朝鮮薊和芥藍(lán)等。 (5)果菜類。這類蔬菜以嫩果實(shí)或成熟的果實(shí)為產(chǎn)品器官。 茄果類：茄子、番茄和辣椒等。 莢果類：豆類菜，菜豆、肛豆、刀豆、毛豆、豌豆、蠶豆、眉豆、扁豆和四棱豆等。 3瓠果類：黃瓜、南瓜、冬瓜、絲瓜、菜瓜、瓠瓜和蛇瓜等，以及西瓜和甜瓜等鮮食的瓜類。 按照 HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%E7%94%9F%E6%80%81%E5%AD%A6&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4rH

24、6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank 農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)學(xué)的分類 這種分類法把蔬菜植物的生物學(xué)特性與栽培技術(shù)特點(diǎn)結(jié)合起來，雖然分的類很多，但較實(shí)用。 (1)白菜類。這類蔬菜都是十字花科的植物，包括大白菜、小白菜、葉用芥菜、 HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E7%BB%93%E7%90%83%E7%94%98%E8%93%9D&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0

25、IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4rH6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank 結(jié)球甘藍(lán)(團(tuán)白菜)、 HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E7%90%83%E8%8C%8E%E7%94%98%E8%93%9D&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4rH6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hc

26、vrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank 球莖甘藍(lán)、花椰菜甘藍(lán)和菜整等。多為二年生植物，第一年形成產(chǎn)品器官，第二年開花結(jié)籽。 (2)直根類。這類蔬菜以肥大的肉質(zhì)宜報(bào)為食用產(chǎn)品，包括蘿卜、蕪菁、 HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E6%A0%B9%E7%94%A8%E8%8A%A5%E8%8F%9C&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4r

27、H6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank 根用芥菜、胡蘿卜和根用甜 菜等。多為二年生植物，同白菜類。 (3)茄果類。主要是茄子、番茄和辣椒等 HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E4%B8%80%E5%B9%B4%E7%94%9F%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4rH6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank 一年生植物。 (4)瓜類。主要是黃瓜、冬瓜、南瓜、絲瓜、苦瓜、瓠瓜、葫蘆、西瓜和甜瓜等。西瓜和南瓜的成熟 種子可以炒食或制作點(diǎn)心食用。 (5)豆類。 HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E8%B1%86%E7%A7%91%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9&tn=44039180_cpr&fenle