動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)全解

1、PAGE8動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)全解一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法1經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻腮度的時(shí)間狀語連用。時(shí)間狀語：every,sometimes,at,onSundayIleavehomeforschoolat7everymorning2客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。TheearthmovesaroundthesunShanghailiesintheeastofChina3表示格言或警句中。buse3）句型：到時(shí)間了該了時(shí)間已遲了早該了Itistimeforyoutogotobed你該睡覺了。Itistimeyouwenttobed你早該睡覺了。wouldhad表示寧愿某人做某事Idratheryouc

2、ametomorrow4wish,wonder,thin,hoe,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。這主要用來表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事情。ThetrainleavesatsitomorrowmorningWhendoesthebusstarItstarsintenminutes2）倒裝句，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，如：Herecomesthebus=ThebusiscomingTheregoesthebell=Thebellisringing3）在時(shí)間或條件句中。WhenBillcomes不是willcome,ashimtowaitforme

3、IllwritetoyouassoonasIarrivethere4）在動(dòng)詞hoe,go,start,arrive,leave,stay等。ImleavingtomorrowAreyoustayingheretillnetwee現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，其結(jié)果的確和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在；也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。其構(gòu)成：havehas過去分詞。比較過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1）過去時(shí)表示過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。2）過去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語連用

4、，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語連用，或無時(shí)間狀語。一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語:yesterday,lastwee，ago,in1980,inOctober,justnow,具體的時(shí)間狀語共同的時(shí)間狀語:thismorning,tonight,thisAe,go,leave,start,die,finish,become,getmarried等。舉例：Isawthisfilmyesterday（強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過了。）Ihaveseenthisfilm（強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。）Whydidyougetue答案意為曾經(jīng)或無論何時(shí)，反意詞為never，此兩詞常用于完成時(shí)。wasthe

5、firsttimethat-clause的句型中，從句要用完成時(shí)。注意：非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的否定形式可以與表示延續(xù)時(shí)間的狀語連用。即動(dòng)作不發(fā)生的狀態(tài)是可以持續(xù)的。（錯(cuò)）Ihavereceivedhisletterforamonth（對(duì)）Ihaventreceivedhisletterforalmostamonth比較since和forSince用來說明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間，for用來說明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間長度。IhavelivedhereformorethantwentyyearsIhavelivedheresinceIwasbornMyaunthasworedinaclinicsince1949Somenewo

6、ilfieldshavebeenoebacuntiltenocloc他到10點(diǎn)才回來。Heslee,butyoudidnt3過去完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語before,by,until,when,after,once,assoonas。HesaidthathehadlearnedsomeEnglishbeforeBythetimehewastwelve,EdisonhadbegantomaealivingbyhimselfTomwasdisae,turn,run,go,begin等。TheleavesareturningredItsgettingwarmerandwarmer,constantly,fo

7、rever等詞連用，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。Youarealwayschangingyourmind典型例題Mydictionary_,Ihavelooedforiteverywherebutstill_it,don,don,haven,haventfound答案D前句是一個(gè)仍在持續(xù)的狀態(tài)，應(yīng)用進(jìn)行時(shí)，由于沒有找到，其影響仍然存在，應(yīng)用完成時(shí)，瞬間動(dòng)詞用于否定式時(shí)可用于完成時(shí)。不用進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞1事實(shí)狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞have,belong,e,turnYouseemalittletired過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1）概念：表示過去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作。2）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的主要用

8、法是描述一件事發(fā)生的背景；一個(gè)長動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生。3常用的時(shí)間狀語thismorning,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening,when,whileMybrotherfellwhilehewasridinghisbicycleandhurthimselfItwasrainingwhentheyleftthestationWhenIgottothetoingsoonIllbemeetinghimsometimeinthefuture注意：將來進(jìn)行時(shí)不用于表示意志，不能說Illbehavingatalwit

9、hher2）常用的時(shí)間狀語Soon,tomorrow,thisevening，onSunday,bythistime，tomorrow,intwodays,tomorroweveningBythistimetomorrow,Illbelyingonthebeach一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)時(shí)間狀語從句，條件句中，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)When,while,before,after,till,once,assoonas,solongas,bythetime,if,incasethat,unless,evenif,whether,themoment,theminute,theday,theyear,

10、immediatelyHeisgoingtovisitherauntthedayhearrivesinBeijing他一到北京，就去看他姨媽。典型例題1）Hesaidhe_meaes；TheregoesLoo,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)代替將來時(shí)1表示即將發(fā)生的或預(yù)定中計(jì)劃好的活動(dòng)。Areyoustayingwithusthisweeend這周和我們一起度周末嗎Weareleavingsoon我們馬上就走。2漸變動(dòng)詞，如：get,run,grow,become,begin及die。Heisdying時(shí)態(tài)一致1如果從句所敘述的為真理或不變的事實(shí)，則永遠(yuǎn)用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Atthattime,ovesHetoldmelastweethatheiseighteen2賓語從句中的助動(dòng)詞ought,need,must,dare時(shí)態(tài)是不變的。HethoughtthatIneednottellyouthetruth時(shí)態(tài)與時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)every,sometimes,at,onSunday,一般過去時(shí)yesterday,lastwee,anhourago,theotherday,in1982,justnow一般將來時(shí)net,tomorrow,in時(shí)間,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,