2017考研英語(yǔ)沖刺試題及解析（閱讀理解3）

1、2017考研英語(yǔ)沖刺試題及解析（閱讀理解3） 相關(guān)推薦： HYPERLINK /show/7628617.html t _blank 2017年考研現(xiàn)場(chǎng)確認(rèn)時(shí)間及地點(diǎn)匯總 HYPERLINK /show/7602343.html t _blank 全國(guó)各地2017年考研報(bào)考點(diǎn)匯總 HYPERLINK /show/7518431.html t _blank 2017年考研時(shí)間、研究生考試時(shí)間安排 HYPERLINK /show/7509382.html t _blank 2017年考研大綱下載及解析匯總 HYPERLINK /kaoyan/kyjz/ t _blank 2017年全國(guó)碩士研究生招

2、生簡(jiǎn)章專題 新東方網(wǎng)校推薦： HYPERLINK /alliance/click?userid=ff80808142e9ed180142e9ed18010000&url=/ke/kaoyan/ t _blank 2017年考研政治、英語(yǔ)、數(shù)學(xué)課程！點(diǎn)擊進(jìn)入免費(fèi)試聽(tīng) HYPERLINK /alliance/click?userid=ff80808142e9ed180142e9ed18010000&url=/ke/kaoyan/ t _blank The world is going through the biggest wave of mergers andacquisitions ever

3、witnessed. The process sweeps from hyperactive America toEurope and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might. Many in thesecountries are looking at this process and worrying: “Wont the wave of business concentration turn into an uncontrollableanti-competitive force?Theres no question th

4、at the big are getting bigger and morepowerful. Multinational corporations accounted for less than 20% ofinternational trade in 1982. Today the figure is more than 25% and growingrapidly. International affiliates account for a fast-growing segment ofproduction in economies that open up and welcome f

5、oreign investment. InArgentina, for instance, after the reforms of the early 1990s, multinationalswent from 43% to almost 70% of the industrial production of the 200 largestfirms. This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smallereconomic firms, of national businessmen and over th

6、e ultimate stability of theworld economy.I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&Awave are the same that underlie the globalization process: fallingtransportation and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers andenlarged markets that require enlarged operations c

7、apable of meeting customersdemands. All these are beneficial, not detrimental, to consumers. Asproductivity grows, the worlds wealth increases.Examples of benefits or costs of the current concentration waveare scanty. Yet it is hard to imagine that the merger of a few oil firms todaycould re-create

8、the same threats to competition that were feared nearly acentury ago in the U.S., when the Standard Oil trust was broken up. The mergersof telecom companies, such as WorldCom, hardly seem to bring higher prices forconsumers or a reduction in the pace of technical progress. On the contrary,the price

9、of communications is coming down fast. In cars, too, concentration isincreasingwitness Daimler andChrysler, Renault and Nissanbut it does notappear that consumers are being hurt.Yet the fact remains that the merger movement must be watched. Afew weeks ago, Alan Greenspan warned against the megamerge

10、rs in the bankingindustry. Who is going to supervise, regulate and operate as lender of lastresort with the gigantic banks that are being created? Wont multinationalsshift production from one place to another when a nation gets too strict aboutinfringements to fair competition? And should one countr

11、y take upon itself therole of“defendingcompetition on issues that affect many other nations, as in the U.S. vs.Microsoft case?33. What is the typical trend of businesses today?ATo take in more foreign fundsBTo invest more abroadCTo combine and become biggerDTo trade with more countries34. According

12、to the author, one of the driving forces behindM&A wave is _.Athe greater customer demandsBa surplus supply for the marketCa growing productivityDthe increase of the worlds wealth35. From paragraph 4 we can infer that _.Athe increasing concentration is certain to hurt consumersBWorldCom serves as a

13、good example of both benefits and costsCthe costs of the globalization process are enormousDthe Standard Oil trust might have threatened competition36. Toward the new business wave, the writers attitude can besaid to be _.AoptimisticBobjectiveCpessimisticDbiased解析33. What is the typical trend of bus

14、inesses today? 今天的商業(yè)典型的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)是什么?ATo take in more foreign funds 吸收更多外資BTo invest more abroad 進(jìn)行更多對(duì)外投資CTo combine and become bigger 合并做強(qiáng)DTo trade with more countries 與更多國(guó)家貿(mào)易【答案】 C【考點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題?！痉治觥课恼碌谝欢沃姓f(shuō)“世界正在經(jīng)歷一場(chǎng)前所未有的的的并購(gòu)浪潮。這個(gè)浪潮從異?；钴S的美國(guó)開(kāi)始，橫掃歐洲，并以不可比擬的威力影響到正在崛起的國(guó)家”，因此可以判斷正確答案是 C 。34. According to the autho

15、r, one of the driving forces behindM&A wave is _.根據(jù)本文作者，在合并浪潮背后的一個(gè)驅(qū)動(dòng)力是 _ 。Athe greater customer demands 更大的消費(fèi)需求Ba surplus supply for the market 對(duì)市場(chǎng)的剩余供給Ca growing productivity 日益增長(zhǎng)的生產(chǎn)率Dthe increase of the worlds wealth世界財(cái)富的增長(zhǎng)【答案】 A【考點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。【分析】根據(jù)“合并浪潮的推動(dòng)力”可以定位到第三段。在作者看來(lái)，“日趨下降的運(yùn)輸與通訊費(fèi)用，較低的貿(mào)易與投資壁壘，以及市

16、場(chǎng)的擴(kuò)大和為滿足市場(chǎng)需求而進(jìn)行的擴(kuò)大生產(chǎn)，是推動(dòng)這股巨大的并購(gòu)浪潮的最主要的力量，也是推動(dòng)全球化進(jìn)程的力量”。將四個(gè)選項(xiàng)對(duì)比這三個(gè)因素，只有 A 包括了根據(jù)顧客的需要擴(kuò)大市場(chǎng)這個(gè)因素。35. From paragraph 4 we can infer that _.從第四段中我們可以推斷出 _ 。A the increasing concentration is certain to hurt consumers日益增長(zhǎng)的集中肯定會(huì)損害消費(fèi)者的利益B WorldCom serves as a good example of both benefits and costs世通就是一個(gè)合并利與弊的

17、好例子C the costs of the globalization process are enormous全球化進(jìn)程的成本很高D the Standard Oil trust might have threatened competition標(biāo)準(zhǔn)石油托拉斯或許已經(jīng)威脅到競(jìng)爭(zhēng)【答案】 D【考點(diǎn)】推斷題?！痉治觥?A “日益增長(zhǎng)的集中肯定會(huì)損害消費(fèi)者的利益”與原文第四段第一句不符合，因?yàn)樽髡哒f(shuō)“這股合并浪潮是帶來(lái)益處還是弊端的實(shí)例還很少”，因此很難說(shuō)肯定會(huì)帶來(lái)?yè)p害。 B 提到“世通”，說(shuō)是一個(gè)帶來(lái)利益和降低成本的好例子。這句說(shuō)是“價(jià)格沒(méi)有隨著合并而提高”，并沒(méi)有提到價(jià)格降低問(wèn)題，因此，合并雖

18、然沒(méi)有傷害消費(fèi)者，也沒(méi)有給他們帶來(lái)利益。 C 本段沒(méi)有涉及。 D 可以從文中“很難想像當(dāng)今的幾個(gè)石油公司的合并能夠再次造成像 100 年前美國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)石油托拉斯對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)形成的威脅”，這說(shuō)明當(dāng)年這個(gè)石油公司肯定曾經(jīng)對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)造成巨大威脅。36. Toward the new business wave, the writers attitude can be said to be _.作者看待新的商業(yè)浪潮的態(tài)度可以說(shuō)是 _ 。Aoptimistic 樂(lè)觀的Bobjective 客觀的Cpessimistic 悲觀的Dbiased 歧視的【答案】 B【考點(diǎn)】作者態(tài)度題?！痉治觥勘绢}考查考生是否了解作者的態(tài)度

19、。文中作者提到了“合并”的益處，但是同時(shí)也在第四段中提到“我們必須警惕這樣的合并浪潮”。作者是從兩個(gè)方面來(lái)談?wù)撨@個(gè)問(wèn)題的，因此我們可以判斷作者的態(tài)度應(yīng)該是客觀的。難句解析：1. This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role ofsmaller economic firms, of national businessmen and over the ultimate stabilityof the world economy.【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本題的主干是“ Thisphenomenon has created serious c

20、oncerns ”，兩個(gè)“ over”引導(dǎo)介賓短語(yǔ)，是并列的成分，做“ concern ”的定語(yǔ)。而“ ofsmaller economic firms ”與“ofnational businessmen ”都是第一個(gè)“ role ”的定語(yǔ)。2. I believe that the most important forces behind the massiveM&A wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: fallingtransportation and communication costs, lower t

21、rade and investment barriers andenlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers demands.【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句主句是“ Ibelieve ”，“ that ”引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，在這個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句中，后面的“ that ”前面省略了“ forces ”，這個(gè)“ that ”引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾這個(gè)省略的“ forces ”。冒號(hào)后面的部分是“ themost important forces ”的同位語(yǔ)，其中“ markets”后面的“ that ”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾“ markets ”，“ capableof meeting customers demands ”是“operations ”的定語(yǔ)。全文翻譯：世界正在經(jīng)歷一場(chǎng)前所未有的的的并購(gòu)浪潮。這個(gè)浪潮從異?；钴S的美國(guó)開(kāi)始，橫掃歐洲，并以不可比擬的威力影響到正在崛起的國(guó)家。這些國(guó)家的許多人面對(duì)這個(gè)浪潮，倍感憂慮：“商業(yè)集中的浪潮會(huì)不會(huì)演變成一股無(wú)法控制的反競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的力量?”無(wú)疑，