90KW四沖程汽油機曲軸設(shè)計

目錄TOC\o"1-5"\h\z0前言31汽油機的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)31.1初始條件3發(fā)動機類型31.2.1沖程數(shù)的選擇31.2.2冷卻方式31.2.3氣缸數(shù)與氣缸布置方式31.3基本參數(shù)3行程缸徑比的選擇31.3.2氣缸工作容積V，缸徑D的選擇3s2熱力學(xué)計算4熱力循環(huán)基本參數(shù)的確定42.2P-V圖的繪制42.3P-V圖的調(diào)整5有效功及有效壓力的求解6p-V圖向P-a圖的轉(zhuǎn)化6運動學(xué)計算7曲柄連桿機構(gòu)的類型7連桿比的選擇7活塞運動規(guī)律7連桿運動規(guī)律9動力學(xué)計算94.1質(zhì)量換算94.2作用在活塞上的力105曲軸零件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計14曲軸的工作條件，結(jié)構(gòu)形式和材料的選擇145.1.1曲軸的工作條件和設(shè)計要求145.1.2曲軸的結(jié)構(gòu)形式1488武漢理工大學(xué)《汽車發(fā)動機設(shè)計》課程設(shè)計說明書Mmax=max=TmaxWkPma*xLtmaxaMmin=minT.minWk扭轉(zhuǎn)系數(shù)nTb*h224454*0-0^19.M7Pa0.07*0.20350=0MPab*h22t12*280nTk07產(chǎn)(T-TmJ+^(T-TmJ(72.7-0)+0.3(72.7-0)(maxTmax0.56=0.0326.2.2曲柄臂計算1)彎曲應(yīng)力：Mmax=maxPkmax*Lbkmaxb-32491*0.035*6umaxWkb*h2umin(2)扭轉(zhuǎn)應(yīng)力：kc

匚c(cuumaxn=TkJ(TT0.07*0.035*0.035=19'6MPaMminmin2c2*280-c.)+屮(cumincumaxmaxminP*Ltmaxb=hb2Mmin=0min=0Wk2t—1-cumin)(^㈣6-0)+0-32(79-6-0)24454*°.°3=52*96MPa0.035*0.07*0.072*2800.8-T.')+屮(T'-T.')minTmaxmin0.74*(119-0)+0.5(119-0)=3.0=4.94.9*3.002.大于極限安全系數(shù)[n]=(2.5-3.0),曲軸機構(gòu)n2+n2J4.9+3.0cTmaxn=n*n強度是安全的。小結(jié)通過這次親身的設(shè)計實踐，我們對這些專業(yè)課的基礎(chǔ)知識和基本理論有了進一步的理解和掌握。設(shè)計的整個過程都有老師在一旁指導(dǎo)，有問題可以及時解決，學(xué)到了很多發(fā)動機和曲軸的知識。我把這次課程所學(xué)到的東西總結(jié)為以下幾點：1．學(xué)會了分析、計算、設(shè)計、繪圖、運用各種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和規(guī)范、查閱各種設(shè)計手冊與資料學(xué)會了應(yīng)用計算機計算，繪圖能力等方面得到進一步的提高。初步建立了用工程的觀念處理問題。全面地檢驗并鞏固我們以前所學(xué)的專業(yè)課知識，并通過結(jié)合實際，從一個全新的角度重新學(xué)習(xí)、認(rèn)識以前學(xué)過的專業(yè)課知識。了解國內(nèi)外發(fā)動機的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，對當(dāng)代先進的發(fā)動機技術(shù)有了一些了解。此次課程設(shè)計還為我們下學(xué)期的畢業(yè)設(shè)計奠定了堅實的基礎(chǔ)。參考文獻楊連生．內(nèi)燃機設(shè)計．北京：中國農(nóng)業(yè)機械出版社，1981．陸際青．汽車發(fā)動機設(shè)計．北京：清華大學(xué)出版社，1990．唐增寶，何永然，劉安俊．機械設(shè)計課程設(shè)計．武漢：華中科技大學(xué)出版社，1999周龍保．內(nèi)燃機學(xué)．北京：機械工業(yè)出版社，2005．吳兆漢．內(nèi)燃機設(shè)計．北京：北京理工大學(xué)出版社，1990．沈維道．工程熱力學(xué)．北京：高等教育出版社，2002．附錄附表1一些需要的參數(shù)活塞行程s(mm)活塞直徑D(mm)轉(zhuǎn)速n(r/min)往復(fù)慣性質(zhì)量mj(kg)(kg)壓縮比￡余隙容積Vc(L)868656000.515110.05曲柄半徑r(cm)連桿長度1(cm)半徑/長度入曲柄角速度3(rad/s)進氣壓力Pa(Mp)壓力升高比431720.25586.10.097多變指數(shù)多變指數(shù)活塞面積Fh氣缸工作容積+余排量旋轉(zhuǎn)運動質(zhì)nin2(cm2)隙容積(L)(L)量mr(kg)1.301.36580.5520.4

附表2運動學(xué)計算表曲軸轉(zhuǎn)角活塞位移mm活塞速度m/s活塞加速度m/s2連桿擺角汽缸容積L氣體力N往復(fù)慣性力N00018484.6600.05-297.991050.2044572.74511318372.231.2485130.051188-291.093-1.41373100.8153435.4568718037.052.4881080.054736-270.48-2.81029151.8252468.10254417485.493.7099010.060602-236.404-4.17281203.22197310.6506616727.944.9050660.068716-189.275-5.48509254.98877313.0715815778.586.0648790.078979-129.659-6.73186307.10465715.3380214655.027.1807550.09127-58.2648-7.89908359.54478317.4255713377.838.2442950.10544424.07032-8.974174012.2809119.3130411970.039.2473480.121337116.3932-9.946214515.2819120.9828310456.5110.182070.13877217.6534-10.80625018.5143122.421148863.40811.040980.157546326.7218-11.54695521.9428923.618137217.47311.817090.177462442.4095-12.16336025.5312524.567915545.40412.503920.198306563.4885-12.65256529.2424125.268543873.22713.095620.219863688.711-13.01337033.0393825.721882225.69213.587090.241919816.8291-13.24687536.8857225.93331625.713713.973990.264262946.6132-13.35578040.7460525.91149-906.11314.252880.2866861076.869-13.34448544.5864725.66791-2351.9314.421220.3089941206.453-13.2199048.37525.21651-3696.9314.477510.3310011334.286-12.98659552.0818724.57321-4929.614.421230.3525331459.364-12.655210055.6797923.75535-6041.8414.252880.3734331580.766-12.23410559.1441622.78125-7028.9813.9740.3935571697.661-11.732311062.4531121.66967-7889.7113.58710.4127781809.312-11.159911565.5875820.43931-8625.913.095630.4309851915.076-10.526212068.5312519.10838-9242.3312.503920.4480852014.402-9.8408212571.2704617.69419-9746.3211.817090.4639962106.829-9.1125113073.7940516.2128-10147.311.040990.4786552191.98-8.3495913576.0930914.67871-10456.510.182070.492012269.555-7.5595414078.1607313.10469-10686.19.2473550.504022339.322-6.7489214579.9918611.50164-108498.2443030.5146572401.108-5.9233415081.582849.878499-10958.17.1807630.5238992454.791-5.0874315582.931248.242348-11025.96.0648880.5317312500.289-4.2448116084.035546.598458-11063.94.9050750.5381462537.551-3.3982116584.894874.950493-11082.23.709910.5431382566.546-2.549517085.508813.300744-11089.12.4881180.5467042587.262-1.6998817585.87721.650426-11090.71.2485220.5488442599.692-0.84997180861.24E-05-11090.89.36E-060.5495572603.836-6.4E-0618585.8772-1.6504-11090.7-1.24850.5488442599.6920.84995619085.50881-3.30072-11089.1-2.48810.5467042587.2621.69987

19584.89487-4.95047-11082.2-3.709890.5431382566.5462.54949120084.03554-6.59843-11063.9-4.905060.5381462537.5513.39819320582.93124-8.24232-11025.9-6.064870.5317312500.2894.24479621081.58284-9.87847-10958.1-7.180750.5238992454.7915.08741421579.99186-11.5016-10849-8.244290.5146572401.1085.9233322078.16073-13.1047-10686.1-9.247340.504022339.3226.74890522576.09309-14.6787-10456.5-10.18210.492012269.5557.55952423073.79405-16.2128-10147.3-11.0410.4786552191.988.3495823571.27047-17.6942-9746.32-11.81710.4639962106.8299.11249824068.53125-19.1084-9242.34-12.50390.4480852014.4029.84080524565.58758-20.4393-8625.92-13.09560.4309851915.07610.5262325062.45311-21.6697-7889.73-13.58710.4127781809.31311.1598725559.14417-22.7812-7028.99-13.9740.3935571697.66211.7323426055.6798-23.7553-6041.85-14.25290.3734331580.76612.23426552.08187-24.5732-4929.62-14.42120.3525331459.36412.655227048.375-25.2165-3696.95-14.47750.3310011334.28712.986527544.58648-25.6679-2351.95-14.42120.3089941206.45313.2189728040.74606-25.9115-906.135-14.25290.2866861076.86913.3444128536.88573-25.9333625.6902-13.9740.264262946.613413.3556629033.03938-25.72192225.668-13.58710.241919816.829313.2467729529.24241-25.26853873.202-13.09560.219863688.711213.013330025.53125-24.56795545.378-12.50390.198306563.488712.6524830521.9429-23.61817217.448-11.81710.177462442.409712.1633431018.51432-22.42128863.384-11.0410.157546326.721911.546931515.28191-20.982910456.49-10.18210.13877217.653510.8061732012.28091-19.313111970.01-9.247360.121337116.39339.9462273259.544786-17.425613377.81-8.244310.10544424.070438.9741813307.10466-15.338114655-7.180770.09127-58.26477.8990973354.988776-13.071615778.56-6.06490.078979-129.6596.731883403.221975-10.650716727.93-4.905080.068716-189.2755.4851093451.825248-8.1025817485.48-3.709920.060603-236.4044.172833500.815344-5.4569118037.05-2.488130.054736-270.482.8103093550.204458-2.7451518372.22-1.248530.051188-291.0931.4137543600-4.1E-0518484.66-1.9E-050.05-297.9912.12E-053650.2044572.74507218372.231.2484940.051188-291.093-1.413713700.8153425.45682918037.062.488090.054736-270.48-2.810273751.8252458.10250517485.53.7098830.060602-236.404-4.172793803.22197110.6506216727.954.9050480.068716-189.275-5.485073854.98877113.0715415778.66.0648620.078979-129.659-6.731843907.10465515.3379914655.047.1807380.09127-58.2649-7.899063959.54477917.4255413377.858.244280.10544424.07021-8.9741540012.2809119.3130111970.059.2473330.121337116.3931-9.9462

40515.281920.982810456.5310.182050.13877217.6533-10.806141018.5143122.421128863.43311.040970.157546326.7216-11.546941521.9428923.618117217.49811.817080.177462442.4094-12.163342025.5312424.567895545.42912.503910.198306563.4884-12.652542529.242425.268533873.25213.095620.219863688.7109-13.013343033.0393725.721872225.71613.587090.241919816.829-13.246843536.8857225.93331625.737213.973990.264262946.613-13.355744040.7460525.91149-906.09114.252870.2866861076.869-13.344444544.5864725.66791-2351.9114.421220.3089941206.453-13.21945048.3749925.21652-3696.9114.477510.3310011334.286-12.986545552.0818624.57322-4929.5814.421230.3525331459.364-12.655246055.6797923.75536-6041.8214.252880.3734331580.766-12.23446559.1441622.78127-7028.9713.9740.3935571697.661-11.732447062.4531121.66969-7889.713.58710.4127781809.312-11.159947565.5875720.43933-8625.8913.095640.4309851915.076-10.526348068.5312519.1084-9242.3212.503930.4480852014.402-9.8408348571.2704617.69422-9746.3111.81710.4639962106.829-9.1125249073.7940416.21282-10147.311.0410.4786552191.98-8.349649576.0930914.67873-10456.510.182090.492012269.555-7.5595550078.1607313.10472-10686.19.247370.504022339.322-6.7489350579.9918611.50166-108498.2443190.5146572401.108-5.9233551081.582849.878523-10958.17.1807790.5238992454.791-5.0874451582.931248.242372-11025.96.0649050.5317312500.289-4.2448252084.035546.598483-11063.94.9050930.5381462537.551-3.3982252584.894874.950518-11082.23.7099280.5431382566.546-2.5495253085.508813.300768-11089.12.4881360.5467042587.262-1.699953585.87721.65045-11090.71.2485410.5488442599.692-0.84998540863.71E-05-11090.82.81E-050.5495572603.836-1.9E-0554585.8772-1.65038-11090.7-1.248480.5488442599.6920.84994455085.50881-3.30069-11089.1-2.488080.5467042587.2621.69985855584.89487-4.95044-11082.2-3.709870.5431382566.5462.54947856084.03554-6.59841-11063.9-4.905040.5381462537.5513.39818156582.93125-8.2423-11025.9-6.064850.5317312500.2894.24478457081.58285-9.87845-10958.1-7.180730.5238992454.7915.08740257579.99186-11.5016-10849-8.244270.5146572401.1085.92331758078.16074-13.1046-10686.1-9.247330.504022339.3226.74889358576.0931-14.6787-10456.5-10.1820.492012269.5557.55951259073.79405-16.2128-10147.3-11.0410.4786552191.9818.34956959571.27047-17.6942-9746.33-11.81710.4639962106.8299.11248760068.53126-19.1083-9242.35-12.50390.4480852014.4029.84079460565.58758-20.4393-8625.93-13.09560.4309851915.07610.5262261062.45312-21.6696-7889.74-13.58710.4127781809.31311.15986

61559.14417-22.7812-7029.01-13.9740.3935571697.66211.7323362055.6798-23.7553-6041.87-14.25290.3734331580.76612.2339962552.08188-24.5732-4929.63-14.42120.3525331459.36412.6551963048.37501-25.2165-3696.97-14.47750.3310011334.28712.986563544.58648-25.6679-2351.97-14.42120.3089941206.45413.2189764040.74606-25.9115-906.158-14.25290.2866861076.86913.3444164536.88573-25.9333625.6667-13.9740.264262946.613513.3556665033.03939-25.72192225.643-13.58710.241919816.829413.2467765529.24241-25.26863873.177-13.09560.219863688.711313.0133166025.53126-24.56795545.353-12.50390.198306563.488812.6524866521.9429-23.61827217.423-11.81710.177462442.409812.1633567018.51432-22.42128863.36-11.0410.157546326.72211.5469167515.28192-20.982910456.46-10.18210.13877217.653710.8061868012.28092-19.313111969.98-9.247380.121337116.39349.9462416859.544789-17.425613377.79-8.244330.10544424.070538.9741976907.104663-15.338114654.98-7.180790.09127-58.26467.8991146954.988778-13.071615778.55-6.064910.078979-129.6596.7318987003.221977-10.650716727.91-4.90510.068716-189.2755.4851297051.825249-8.1026217485.47-3.709940.060603-236.4044.172857100.815345-5.4569518037.04-2.488150.054736-270.482.8103297150.204458-2.745218372.22-1.248550.051188-291.0931.4137767200-8.2E-0518484.66-3.7E-050.05-297.9914.24E-05附表3動力學(xué)計算表曲軸轉(zhuǎn)角氣缸絕對壓力Mpa側(cè)壓力N連桿力N切向力N徑向力N氣缸容積L00.079730-125.2980-125.2980.0550.07973-375.226-395.59313.71352-395.3550.051188100.0797395.94246157.8114-12.3381157.32830.054736150.07973-80.013148.666-20.6945147.21860.060602200.07973642.2307-654.339147.693-637.4530.068716250.0797327.79621-128.34444.13503-120.5160.078979300.07973-157.109-200.95499.56367-174.5560.09127350.07973304.5478329.3158-221.567243.63250.105444400.0797322.46784127.296-108.34666.824630.121337450.07973-118.444172.4195-168.83734.962960.13877500.079732757.461-2760.312693.731602.58040.157546550.07973116.5589-171.13127.846113.7580.177462600.079737.835698-125.54230.72921121.72340.198306650.07973-73.2884-145.157-62.3783131.07110.219863700.07973-204.331-239.689-226.37378.776630.241919750.07973-761.049-771.295-652.91-410.6140.264262800.079731078.0381085.2955.5301581085.2810.286686850.07973429.1707447.0872-400.404198.90650.308994900.07973353.8223375.3528-270.554-260.1730.331001950.07973429.1694447.086227.7571-384.7240.3525331000.079731078.0221085.28993.0455437.82710.3734331050.07973-761.061-771.306304.9903-708.4450.3935571100.07973-204.333-239.69209.6761116.13460.4127781150.07973-73.2891-145.158-94.5824110.11330.4309851200.079737.835095-125.542-66.37-106.5640.4480851250.07973116.5576-171.129169.0025-26.89450.4639961300.079732757.088-2759.93-896.1142610.4040.4786551350.07973-118.446172.4206106.91135.27430.492011400.0797322.4669127.2959-127.2662.7626120.504021450.07973304.5411329.3095210.5654-253.1940.5146571500.07973-157.112-200.957-20.2881-199.930.5238991550.0797327.79509-128.34395.8831785.313910.5317311600.07973642.2005-654.31-654.043-18.6710.5381461650.07973-80.0146148.6668-119.71488.150250.5431381700.0797395.94062157.810346.55747-150.7860.5467041750.07973-375.237-395.604-124.193-375.6040.5488441800.07973-0.00117-125.298100.383274.984650.5495571850.07973375.2141-395.582-395.384-12.52740.5488441900.080136-94.1387154.8426-128.91185.779770.546704

1950.0808275.9659141.148348.00724-132.7330.5431382000.081796-580.729-591.677-183.985-562.3440.5381462050.083081-23.4781-108.40192.0730457.21390.5317312100.0847120.9074-154.651-151.96828.679650.5238992150.086682-206.39223.1745-124.055185.51890.5146572200.089068-12.741672.18744-18.9729-69.64950.504022250.09190551.5897475.099969.7103727.936690.492012300.095252-773.26-774.058630.7373-448.7050.4786552350.099182-11.4427-16.79992.17515316.658470.4639962400.1037850.90285914.4643513.942723.8494230.4480852450.10917-26.738452.95924-28.733344.486810.4309852500.115471-134.236157.4648-112.239-110.4430.4127782550.122855-760.507770.7457592.3827-493.0840.3935572600.1315311510.887-1521.06-983.261-1160.520.3734332650.141757804.9417-838.545570.7476-614.3330.3525332700.15386862.1523-914.615794.9386452.32030.3310012750.1682551332.156-1387.77-239.4581366.9540.3089942800.1854714206.553-4234.87-4066.961180.6740.2866862850.206186-3700.723750.5372815.3122478.0120.2642622900.231277-1231.261444.314-68.22151442.7020.2419192950.261881-545.611080.638-803.947722.11320.2198633000.29947971.980171153.432-1152.4946.525330.1983063050.3459921322.211941.27-1648.85-1024.610.1774623100.403938672.7138712.63-18821-33829.60.1575463150.476344-2059.45-2997.91249.8352987.4780.138773200.567166485.2103-2749.28-720.1552653.2830.1213373250.6807328180.554-8845.91-4587.167563.6040.1054443300.821258-5244.056707.4524644.26-4839.50.091273350.9911511146.5995294.6094250.98-3156.270.07897934011332955.0828675.71-16240.10.0687163451.398511-4812.08-8940.69-8136.893704.9770.0606033501.5964196649.878-10938.3-10214.33913.4750.0547363551.741762-28538.430087.2728538.1-9529.970.0511883601.795736-0.184299842.649438.315-2792.090.0536512.20408210520.6221949.1214886.3-55545.20.05118837011.14081-49104.5-80767.7-79004.116786.320.0547363759.70024635604.98-66156.7-65433.89753.3890.0606023808.176601-240455244988244547.9-14677.80.0687163856.766366-8589.5239657.4239577.692513.5210.0789793905.55810339743.7150835.9349488.7411625.70.091273954.56732-63057.8-68185.7-61386.5-29681.50.1054444003.773437-3825.25-21671-16141.3-14459.90.121337405393-24319.2-11484.3-21436.80.13877

4102.645427-325319325654.521982.75324911.70.1575464152.250022-11611.317047.25-7253.7515426.990.1774624201.934608-666.07610670.13-9179.645439.2970.1983064251.6812875368.1510632.48-10502.4-1657.820.2198634301.47631213025.0215278.94-8908.92-12412.80.2419194351.3091942615.7943189.5211676.5-41581.20.2642624401.171918-53508.8-53869-51577.3155450.2866864451.05837-19042.3-19837.3-13502.9-14532.40.3089944500.963834-14148.3-15009.36906.998-13325.60.3310014550.884662-15585.9-16236.615744.323967.810.3525334600.818014-35818.3-36059.4-4589.0835766.20.3734334650.7616572330023613.6423446.982800.5670.3935574700.7138315802.5146806.544-1473.216645.2010.4127784750.6731331942.9453848.178-3510.55-1576.230.4309854800.63844-195.0783126.2322075.728-2337.670.4480854850.60885-2742.544026.6321734.9873633.6740.4639964900.583632-61634.361698-61640.9-2653.880.4786554950.5621932530.9-3684.16-2123.63010.5460.492015000.544052-461.117-2612.87-795.485-2488.830.504025050.528817-6035.65-6526.575995.8072578.0710.5146575100.5161713021.8953865.1613576.702-1465.150.5238995150.505858-521.2632407.112-1024.142178.3760.5317315200.497675-11799.912022.47-3080.51-11621.10.5381465250.4914651447.367-2689.12-2143.31-1624.070.5431385300.48711-1715.94-2822.582822.38233.358460.5467045350.4845296667.0677028.895773.297-4009.280.5488445400.4836740.0623832221.131-769.772083.4770.5495575450.483674-6