2022年考研考博-考博英語-西南政法大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號25

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-西南政法大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Theywereaccusedof（

）tooverthrowthegovernmentandweresentencedtojail.

問題1選項

A.intrigue

B.conspiracy

C.plot

D.sin

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項intrigue“陰謀，私通”；B選項conspiracy“陰謀，共謀”；C選項plot“情節(jié)”；D選項sin“罪惡”。句意：他們被指控共謀推翻政府，并被判入獄。conspiracy側(cè)重于政治方面的陰謀，所以選項B更符合語境。

2.單選題

Thedoctorsareverymuchworriedaboutthe（

）ofthepatient’sconditionafteroperation.

問題1選項

A.deterioration

B.differentiation

C.diversion

D.donation

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項deterioration“惡化”；B選項differentiation“變異”；C選項diversion“轉(zhuǎn)移，消遣”；D選項donation“捐贈”。句意：醫(yī)生們非常擔(dān)心手術(shù)后病人的病情惡化。選項A符合句意。

3.單選題

Ifleadership,asitsmostbasicmeaning,（1）gettingthingsdonethroughothers,thenpersuasionisoneoftheleader’s

（2）tools.Manyexecutiveshaveassumedthatthistoolis（3）theirgrasp,availableonly（4）thecharismaticandtheeloquent.Overthepastseveraldecades,

（5）experimentalpsychologistshave（6）whichmethodsreliablyleadpeopleto

（7）,comply,orchange.Theirresearchshowsthatpersuasionisgovernedbyseveralprinciplesthatcanbetaughtandapplied.

Thefirstprincipleisthatpeoplearemorelikelytofollowsomeonewhoissimilar（8）themthansomeonewhoisnot.Wisemanagers,then,

（9）peerstohelpmaketheircases.Second,peoplearemorewillingtocooperatewiththosewhoarenotonlylikethembutwholikethemaswell.Soitis（10）thetimetouncoverrealsimilaritiesandoffer（11）praise.Third,experiments（12）theintuitivetruththatpeopletendtotreatyouthewayyoutreatthem.It'sa

（13）policytodoafavor（14）

seekingone.Fourth,individualsaremorelikelytokeeppromisestheymakevoluntarilyand（15）.Themessageformanagershereistogetcommitmentsinwriting.Fifth,studiesshowthatpeoplereallydo（16）experts.Sobeforetheyattempttoexertinfluence,executivesshouldtakepainstoestablishtheirownexpertiseandnotassumethatit’s（17）.Finally,peoplewantmoreofacommodity

（18）it’sscarce;it

（19）,then,that（20）informationismorepersuasivethanwidelyavailabledata.

問題1選項

A.consistsin

B.consistsof

C.constitutesof

D.composesof

問題2選項

A.fundamental

B.rudimentary

C.elementary

D.essential

問題3選項

A.beyond

B.within

C.in

D.out

問題4選項

A.with

B.for

C.to

D.at

問題5選項

A.though

B.although

C.eventhough

D.but

問題6選項

A.studied

B.learned

C.examined

D.investigated

問題7選項

A.cede

B.concede

C.recede

D.retreat

問題8選項

A.with

B.for

C.to

D.at

問題9選項

A.register

B.list

C.enlist

D.enroll

問題10選項

A.worth

B.worthof

C.worthwith

D.worthy

問題11選項

A.authentic

B.genuine

C.real

D.true

問題12選項

A.affirm

B.confirm

C.testify

D.verify

問題13選項

A.best

B.correct

C.sound

D.valid

問題14選項

A.as

B.while

C.after

D.before

問題15選項

A.explicitly

B.implicitly

C.exultantly

D.introspectively

問題16選項

A.deny

B.deferto

C.conferto

D.referto

問題17選項

A.self-contained

B.self-possessed

C.self-opinionated

D.self-evident

問題18選項

A.where

B.when

C.whether

D.evenif

問題19選項

A.obeys

B.abides

C.follows

D.happens

問題20選項

A.exclusive

B.inclusive

C.scarce

D.reliable

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:C

第9題:D

第10題:A

第11題:B

第12題:C

第13題:C

第14題:B

第15題:A

第16題:B

第17題:D

第18題:B

第19題:D

第20題:B

【解析】（1）詞組辨析題。A選項consistin“在于”；選項B和D都表示“由…組成或構(gòu)成”的意思；C選項constitute為及物動詞，后面不需要接介詞of。所以只有選項A符合原文。句意：如果領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力，作為其最基本的含義，在于通過他人完成任務(wù)…。

（2）形容詞辨析題。A選項fundamental“基本的，根本的”；B選項rudimentary“初步的”；C選項elementary“初級的”；D選項essential“必要的”。根據(jù)原文可知，這里指“必要的工具”，所以選項D符合原文。

（3）考查固定搭配。beyondone'sgrasp意為“鞭長莫及”，原文指“超出能力范圍”。句意：許多高管認為，這一工具超出了他們的掌握范圍。所以選項A符合原文。

（4）介詞辨析題。beavailablefor指“有效，對…有用”；beavailableto指“可被...利用或得到的”；選項A和D則無此搭配。句意：（這一工具）只有有魅力和有口才的人才能使用。原文中的主語是“thistool”，工具是被利用，所以選項C正確。

（5）考查邏輯連接詞。根據(jù)原文可知，這里應(yīng)填入表示讓步的邏輯關(guān)系連詞，所以首先排除選項D，but表轉(zhuǎn)折。而選項B和C只能位于句首，所以只有選項A正確，though既可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。

（6）邏輯推理題。根據(jù)原文可知，這里指實驗心理學(xué)家已經(jīng)研究了一些可靠的方法，所以選項A更符合語境。選項C和D都是調(diào)查的意思，不符合語境。

（7）邏輯推理題。根據(jù)下文的“comply,orchange”可知，填空處應(yīng)填入與這兩個詞意思相近的單詞。A選項cede“放棄，割讓”；B選項concede“讓步，退讓”；C選項recede“后退，撤回”；D選項retreat“撤退”。選項B更符合語境。

（8）介詞辨析題。besimilarto為固定介詞搭配，意為“與…相似”，所以選項C正確。

（9）動詞辨析題。A選項register“登記”；B選項list“列清單”；C選項enlist“使入伍”；D選項enroll“使加入，招收”。根據(jù)原文句意：明智的管理者會招募同伴來幫助他們。選項D更符合語境。

（10）考查固定搭配。Itisworththetimetodosth.為固定句型，意為“值得花時間去做某事”，所以選項A正確。

（11）近義詞辨析題。四個選項都有“真實的，真正的”意思，但是根據(jù)原文的語境，這里指的是“給予真誠的贊揚”。只有選項B有“真誠的，誠摯的”意思，所以更恰當。

（12）動詞辨析題。A選項affirm“斷言，確認”；B選項confirm“確認，批準”；C選項testify“證明，證實”；D選項verify“核實，查證”。原文句意：實驗證明了直覺的真理，選項C更符合句意。

（13）考查固定搭配。soundpolicy為固定搭配，意為“明智的做法”。選項C正確。

（14）考查邏輯連接詞。跟據(jù)原文句意：在尋求幫助的同時給予幫助是一個明智的做法。選項B符合原文語境。

（15）副詞辨析題。A選項explicitly“明確地”；B選項implicitly“含蓄地”；C選項exultantly“歡欣鼓舞地”；D選項introspectively“好反省地”。根據(jù)原文可知，填空處應(yīng)填入和voluntarily“自動地，自愿地”意思相近的詞，選項A更符合語境。

（16）詞組辨析題。A選項deny“否認，拒絕”；B選項deferto“尊重，聽從”；C選項conferto“授予，給予”；D選項referto“參考，涉及”。原文指人們很尊重專家。所以選項B符合原文。

（17）形容詞辨析題。A選項self-contained“獨立的”；B選項self-possessed“鎮(zhèn)靜的”；C選項self-opinionated“固執(zhí)己見的”；D選項self-evident“不言而喻的”。根據(jù)原文句意：因此，在試圖施加影響之前，高管們應(yīng)該努力建立自己的專長，而不是想當然地認為這是不言而喻的。選項D符合語境。

（18）考查邏輯連接詞。根據(jù)原文：當商品稀缺時，人們想要更多的商品。When在這里引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，所以選項B正確。

（19）考查固定搭配。Ithappensthat意思是“（有時、往往）會發(fā)生；恰巧”。所以選項D正確。

（20）名詞辨析題。A選項exclusive“獨有的，排外的”；B選項inclusive“包含在內(nèi)的”；C選項scarce“缺乏的，不足的”；D選項reliable“可靠的”。句意：有時包容性的信息比大量存在的數(shù)據(jù)更有說服力。選項B更符合語境。

4.單選題

Thegovernmentofficialsestimatethatthewarhascreatedmorethanhalfamillion（

）whoneedimmediatefood,clothingandshelter.

問題1選項

A.exiles

B.hostages

C.survivors

D.refugees

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項exile“放逐，流放”；B選項hostage“人質(zhì)，抵押品”；C選項survivor“幸存者”；D選項refugee“難民，逃亡者”。句意：政府官員估計，戰(zhàn)爭導(dǎo)致50多萬難民急需食物、衣服和住所。選項D符合句意。

5.單選題

Thedriverwasinan（

）ofsorrowbecausehehadknockedthegirldown.

問題1選項

A.agony

B.ache

C.ailing

D.ailment

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項agony“苦惱，極度痛苦”；B選項ache“疼痛”；C選項ailing“不適，困擾”；D選項ailment“小病，不安”。句意：司機因為撞倒了那個女孩而感到極度悲痛。選項A更符合語境。

6.單選題

Theyoungshouldbe（

）totheold.

問題1選項

A.respectable

B.respectful

C.respected

D.respective

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項respectable“值得尊敬的”；B選項respectful“恭敬的，有禮貌的”；C選項respected“受尊敬的”；D選項respective“分別的，各自的”。句意：年輕人應(yīng)該恭敬的對待老人。選項B符合句意。

7.單選題

Thebannersarepacked,theticketsbooked.Theglitterandwhiteoverallshavebeenbought.Thegasmasksjustfitandthemobilephonesareready.Allthatremainsistogettotheparties.

Thisweekwillseeafeastofpan-Europeanprotests.ItstartedonBastilleDay,lastSaturday,withtheFrenchunionsandimmigrantsonthestreetsandthefirstdemonstrationsinBritainandGermanyaboutclimate.ItwillcontinuetomorrowandThursdaywithenvironmentalandpeaceralliesagainstPresidentBush.ButthebigoneisinGenoa,onFridayandSaturday,wheretheG8leaderswillmeetbehindthelinesof18.000heavilyarmedpolice.UnlikePrague,Gothenburg,CologneorNice,GenoaisexpectedtobeEurope’sSeattle,thecomingtogetherofthedisparatestrandsofresistancetocorporateglobalization.

Neithertheprotestersnortheauthoritiesknowwhatwillhappen,butsomethingsarepredictable.Yes,therewillbeviolenceandyes,themassmediawillfocusonit.WhatshouldseriouslyconcerntheG8isnotsomuchtheviolence,thenumbersinthestreetsoreventhattheythemselveslooklikeidiotshidingbehindthebarricades,butthatthedeeprootsofagenuinenewversionofinternationalismaregrowing.

Forthefirsttimeinageneration,theinternationalpoliticalandeconomicconditionisinthedock.Moreover,theprotestersareunlikelytogoaway,theirconfidenceisgrowingratherthanwaning,theiragendasaremerging,theprotestsarespreadinganddrawinginallagesandconcerns.

Nosingleanalysishasdrawnallthestrandsofthedebatetogether.Inthemeantime,theglobalprotest“movement”isdevelopingitsownlanguage,texts,agendas,myths,heroesandvillains,justastheG8leaders,worldbodiesandbusinessestalkincreasinglyfromthesamescript,sotheprotesters’oncedisparatepoliticalandsocialanalysesareconverging.Thelong-termprojectofgovernmentsandworldbodiestoglobalizecapitalanddevelopmentisbeingmirroredbytheglobalizationofprotest.

Butwhathappensnext?Governmentsandworldbodiesareunsurewhichwaytoturn.Howeverwelltheyarepoliced,majorprotestsreinforcetheimpressionofindifferentelites,repressionofdebate,overreactiontodissent,injusticeandunaccountablepower.

Theiroptions―apartfromactuallyembracingthebroadagendabeingputtothem—aretoretreatbehindevenhigherbarricades,repressdissentfurther,abandonglobalmeetingsaltogetheror.morelikely,meetonlyinplacesabletophysicallyresistthemasses.

Brusselsisconsideringbuildingasuperfortressforinternationalmeetings.GenoamaybethelastoftheEuropeansuper-protests.

1.Accordingtothecontext,theword“parties”attheendofthefirstparagraphrefersto（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,economicglobalizationisparalleledby

（

）.

3.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whatisBrusselsconsideringdoing?

問題1選項

A.themeetingoftheG8leaders

B.theprotestsonBastilleDay.

C.thecomingpan-Europeanprotests

D.thebigprotesttobeheldinGenoa

問題2選項

A.theemergingdifferencesintheglobalprotestmovement

B.thedisappearingdifferencesintheglobalprotestmovement

C.thegrowingEuropeanconcernaboutglobalization

D.theincreaseinthenumberofprotesters

問題3選項

A.Meetinginplacesdifficulttoreach

B.Furtherrepressingdissent

C.Acceptingtheprotesters'agenda.

D.Abandoningglobalmeetings

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。結(jié)合上下文可知，這里的“parties”指的是第二段首句提及的“Thisweekwillseeafeastofpan-Europeanprotests.本周將有一場全歐洲的抗議盛宴?！边x項C與原文表述一致，所以正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第五段的最后一句“Thelong-termprojectofgovernmentsandworldbodiestoglobalizecapitalanddevelopmentisbeingmirroredbytheglobalizationofprotest.各國政府和世界機構(gòu)使資本和發(fā)展全球化的長期項目正在抗議的全球化中得到反映?！边@句話的意思是對上文的總結(jié)，即全球抗議運動正在發(fā)展自己的語言、文字、議程、神話、英雄和壞人，就像G8領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人一樣，世界各地的機構(gòu)和企業(yè)越來越多地用同一套說辭進行對話。因此，抗議者曾經(jīng)迥然不同的政治和社會分析正在合并。也就是說，他們之間的差異分歧正在逐步消除，因此選項B符合原文。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文最后一段第一句“Brusselsisconsideringbuildingasuperfortressforinternationalmeetings.布魯塞爾正在考慮為國際會議建造一座超級堡壘?！边@里的超級堡壘即上一段所提及的“retreatbehindevenhigherbarricades.退到更高的街壘后面去?！币簿褪窃陔y以到達的地方見面。選項A符合原文。

8.單選題

Acameratakeslightrays（

）offsubjectsandfocusesthemonasheetoffilm.

問題1選項

A.disguised

B.defined

C.bounced

D.incorporated

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項disguise“掩飾，隱瞞，偽裝”；B選項define“定義，規(guī)定”；C選項bounce“彈跳”；D選項incorporate“包含，合并”。句意：照相機捕捉物體反射的光線，并將其聚焦在一張膠片上。bounceoff意為“彈開，反彈”，這里指反射光線，所以選項C符合句意。

9.單選題

Idonothavethekey,soIhavetouse（

）toopenthislockeddoor.

問題1選項

A.strength

B.vigor

C.energy

D.force

【答案】D

【解析】近義詞辨析題。A選項strength“力量”，側(cè)重于強度；B選項vigor“活力，精力”；C選項energy“能量”；D選項force“力量”，側(cè)重于武力、暴力。句意：我沒有鑰匙，所以我不得不使用武力打開這扇鎖著的門。選項D符合句意。

10.單選題

Sleepisveryancient.Intheelectroencephalographicsenseweshareitwithalltheprimatesandalmostalltheothermammalsandbirds:itmayextendbackfarasthereptiles.

Thereissomeevidencethatthetwotypesofsleep,dreaminganddreamless,dependonthelife-styleoftheanimal,andthatpredatorsarestatisticallymuchmorelikelytodreamthanprey,whichareinturnmuchmorelikelytoexperiencedreamlesssleep.Indreamsleep,theanimalispowerfullyimmobilizedandremarkablyunresponsivetoexternalstimuli.Dreamlesssleepismuchshallower,andwehaveallwitnessedcastordogscockingtheirearstoasoundwhenapparentlyfastasleep.Thefactthatdeepdreamsleepisrareamongpreytodayseemsclearlytobeaproductofnaturalselection,anditmakessensethattoday,whensleepishighlyevolved,thestupidanimalsarelessfrequentlyimmobilizedbydeepsleepthanthesmartones.Butwhyshouldtheysleepdeeplyatall?Whyshouldastateofsuchdeepimmobilizationeverhaveevolved?

Perhapsoneusefulhintabouttheoriginalfunctionofsleepistobefoundinthefactthatdolphinsandwhalesandaquaticmammalsingeneralseemtosleepverylittle.Thereis,byandlarge,noplacetohideintheocean.Coulditbethat,ratherthanincreasingananimal’svulnerability,thefunctionofsleepistodecreaseit?WilesWebboftheUniversityofFloridaandRayMeddisofLondonUniversityhassuggestedthistobethecase.Itisconceivablethatanimalswhoaretoostupidtobequietontheirowninitiativeare,duringperiodsofhighrisk,immobilizedbytheimplacablearmofsleep.Thepointseemsparticularlyclearfortheyoungofpredatoryanimals.Thisisaninterestingnotionandprobablyatleastpartlytrue.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thephenomenonofsleepiscommontowhichofthefollowinggroupsoflivingbeings?

2.Theauthorstatesthatduringdreamsleep,theanimalsleeps（

）.

3.Theauthorsuggeststhat,becausetherearenohidingplacesintheoceans,whalesanddolphins

（

）.

4.Theauthorimpliesthat,iftheydidnotsleep,babiesofhuntinganimalsmight（

）.

問題1選項

A.All-ancientanimals.

B.Primatesonly.

C.Four-fooledbeastsonly.

D.Mostmammalsandbirds

問題2選項

A.withoutmoving

B.shallowly

C.intermittently

D.onitsside

問題3選項

A.sleeponlywhentheyareveryyoung

B.cannotaffordtosleepverymuch

C.usuallydreamwhileawake

D.taketurnssleeping

問題4選項

A.bemoreawareofdanger

B.makenoiseatthewrongtimes

C.failtogrowproperly

D.beabletocatchmorefood

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Intheelectroencephalographicsenseweshareitwithalltheprimatesandalmostalltheothermammalsandbirds:itmayextendbackfarasthereptiles.腦電圖顯示，我們和所有的靈長類動物以及幾乎所有其他的哺乳動物和鳥類都會睡覺。由此可知，選項D符合原文。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Indreamsleep,theanimalispowerfullyimmobilizedandremarkablyunresponsivetoexternalstimuli.在睡夢中，動物被強有力地固定住，對外界刺激毫無反應(yīng)?！彼赃x項A符合原文。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“whalesanddolphins”定位到第三段首句“Perhapsoneusefulhintabouttheoriginalfunctionofsleepistobefoundinthefactthatdolphinsandwhalesandaquaticmammalsingeneralseemtosleepverylittle.或許關(guān)于睡眠原始功能的一個有力暗示發(fā)現(xiàn)了“海豚、鯨魚和水生哺乳動物似乎總是睡得很少”這一事實。選項B符合原文。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)二三句“Itisconceivablethatanimalswhoaretoostupidtobequietontheirowninitiativeare,duringperiodsofhighrisk,immobilizedbytheimplacablearmofsleep.Thepointseemsparticularlyclearfortheyoungofpredatoryanimals.”那些由于太笨而本能上不能保持安靜的動物，在危險的時刻，會被睡眠這一無法緩和的武器固定住。這一點對于幼小的食肉動物來說似乎特別明顯。也就是說，幼小的食肉動物在危險時刻無法保持安靜，即在不恰當?shù)臅r機發(fā)出聲音，所以選項B符合原文。

11.單選題

It’sour（

）thattheneweconomicpolicywillbringgreatprosperitytothiscompany.

問題1選項

A.confidence

B.conviction

C.recommendation

D.insurance

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項confidence“信心”；B選項conviction“確信”；C選項recommendation“推薦”；D選項insurance“保險”。句意：我們相信新的經(jīng)濟政策會給公司帶來巨大的繁榮。選項B符合句意。

12.單選題

Morethanadecadeago,cognitivescientistsJohnBransfordandDanielSchwartz,boththenatVanderbiltUniversity,foundthatwhatdistinguishedyoungadultsfromchildrenwasnottheabilitytoretainfactsorapplypriorknowledgetoanewsituationbutaqualitytheycalledpreparationforfuturelearning.Theresearchersaskedfifthgradersandcollegestudentstocreatearecoveryplantoprotectbaldeaglesfromextinction.Shockingly,thetwogroupscameupwithplansofsimilarquality(althoughthecollegestudentshadbetterspellingskills).Fromthestandpointofatraditionaleducator,thisoutcomeindicatedthatschoolinghadfailedtohelpstudentsthinkaboutecosystemandextinction,majorscientificideas.

Theresearchersdecidedtogodeeper,however.Theyaskedbothgroupstogeneratequestionsaboutimportantissuesneededtocreaterecoveryplans.Onthistask,theyfoundeaglesandtheirhabitats.Fifthgraderstendedtofocusonfeaturesofindividualeagles(“Howbigarethey?''and'"Whatdotheyeat?’’).Thecollegestudentshadcultivatedtheabilitytoaskquestions,thecornerstoneofcriticalthinking.Theyhadlearnedhowtolearn.

Museumsandotherinstitutionsofinformallearningmaybebettersuitedtoteachthisskillthanelementaryandsecondaryschools.AttheExploratoriuminSanFrancisco,werecentlystudiedlearningtoaskgoodquestionscanaffectthequalityofpeople’sscientificinquiry.Wefoundthatwetaughtparticipantstoask“Whatif?”and“Howcan?’’questionsthatnobodypresentwouldknowtheanswertoandthatwouldsparkexploration,theyengagedinbetterinquiryatthenextexhibit—askingmorequestions,performingmoreexperimentsandmakingbetterinterpretationsoftheirresults.Specifically,theirquestionsbecamemorecomprehensiveatthenewexhibit.Ratherthanmerelyaskingaboutsomethingtheywantedtotry,theytendedtoincludebothcauseandeffectintheirquestion.Askingjuicyquestionsappearstobeatransferableskillfordeepeningcollaborativeinquiryintothesciencecontentfoundinexhibits.

Thistypeoflearningisnotconfinedtomuseumsorinstitutionalsettings.Informallearningenvironmentstoleratefailurebetterthanschools.Perhapsmanyteachershavetoolittletimetoallowstudentstoformandpursuetheirownquestionsandtoomuchgroundtocoverinthecurriculum.Butpeoplemustacquirethisskillsomewhere.Oursocietydependsonthembeingabletomakecriticaldecisionsabouttheirownmedicaltreatment,say,orwhatwemustdoaboutglobalenergyneedsanddemands.Forthat,wehavearobustinformallearningsystemthatgivesnogrades,takesallcomers,andisavailableevenonholidaysandweekends.

1.Whatistraditionaleducators’interpretationoftheresearchoutcomementionedinthefirstparagraph?

2.Inwhatwayarecollegestudentsdifferentfromchildren?

3.Whatisthebenefitofaskingquestionswithnoreadyanswers?

4.Whatissaidtobetheadvantageofinformallearning?

5.Whatdoestheauthorseemtoencourageeducatorstodoattheendofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.Studentsarenotabletoapplypriorknowledgetonewproblems

B.Collegestudentsarenobetterthanfifthgradersinmemorizingfacts.

C.Educationhasnotpaidenoughattentiontomajorenvironmentissues

D.Educationhasfailedtoleadstudentstothinkaboutmajorscientificideas

問題2選項

A.Theyhavelearnedtothinkcritically.

B.Theyareconcernedaboutsocialissues.

C.Theyarecuriousaboutspecificfeatures

D.Theyhavelearnedtoworkindependently

問題3選項

A.Itarousesstudents'interestinthingsaroundthem

B.Itcultivatesstudents'abilitytomakescientificinquiries

C.Ittrainsstudents'abilitytodesignscientificexperiments

D.Ithelpsstudentsrealizenoteveryquestionhasananswer

問題4選項

A.Itallowsforfailures

B.Itchargesnotuition

C.Itisentertaining

D.Itmeetspracticalneeds

問題5選項

A.Trainstudentstothinkaboutglobalissues

B.Designmoreinteractiveclassroomactivities

C.Makefulluseofinformallearningresources

D.Includecollaborativeinquiryinthecurriculum.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“traditionaleducator”定位到第一段最后一句“Fromthestandpointofatraditionaleducator,thisoutcomeindicatedthatschoolinghadfailedtohelpstudentsthinkaboutecosystemandextinction,majorscientificideas.”從傳統(tǒng)教育家的立場來看，這一結(jié)果表明，學(xué)校教育未能幫助學(xué)生思考生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和滅絕，這是主要的科學(xué)思想。也就是說，教育未能引導(dǎo)學(xué)生思考主要的科學(xué)思想。選項D符合原文。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“JohnBransford和DanielSchwartz發(fā)現(xiàn)，區(qū)分年輕人和兒童的不在于他們是否能夠記住事實或?qū)⒅暗闹R應(yīng)用到新環(huán)境中，而在于他們稱之為為未來學(xué)習(xí)做準備的素質(zhì)?！痹俑鶕?jù)第二段最后一句“Thecollegestudentshadcultivatedtheabilitytoaskquestions,thecornerstoneofcriticalthinking.Theyhadlearnedhowtolearn.大學(xué)生培養(yǎng)了問問題的能力，這是批判性思維的基石。他們學(xué)會了如何學(xué)習(xí)?！边x項A符合原文。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“toask“Whatif?”and“Howcan?”questionsthatnobodypresentwouldknowtheanswertoandthatwouldsparkexploration.問“如果……會怎樣?”和“怎么可能?”等一些沒有人知道答案的問題，將會引發(fā)探索?！彼赃x項B“培養(yǎng)學(xué)生科學(xué)探究的能力”符合原文。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Informallearningenvironmentstoleratefailurebetterthanschools.”非正式的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境比學(xué)校更能容忍失敗。選項A符合原文。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句“我們的社會依賴于他們能夠?qū)ψ约旱尼t(yī)療做出關(guān)鍵性的決定，或者說我們必須為全球能源需求做些什么。為此，我們有一個強大的非正式學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)，不打分，適用于所有人群，甚至在節(jié)假日和周末也可以使用?！币簿褪钦f，作者建議教育者們充分利用非正式學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)的資源。選項C符合原文。

13.單選題

Youmustbeverycareful.Thework（

）precision.

問題1選項

A.retails

B.repels

C.retains

D.entails

【答案】D

【解析】形近詞辨析題。A選項retail“零售，詳述”；B選項repel“擊退，抵制”；C選項retain“保持，固定”；D選項entail“使需要，要求”。句意：你必須非常小心，這項工作對精確性要求極高。選項D符合句意。

14.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

第二條：專利法所稱發(fā)明，是指對產(chǎn)品、方法或者其改進所提出的新的技術(shù)方案。

綜上所述，原告認為：原告與被告天津天利食品有限公司簽訂的借款合同及抵押合同合法有效，理應(yīng)全面、實際履行。

從廣義上來講，中國司法體系的機構(gòu)設(shè)置由三大部分組成：人民法院系統(tǒng)、人民檢察院系統(tǒng)和公安機關(guān)系統(tǒng)。

本協(xié)議經(jīng)有關(guān)雙方如期簽署后生效，有效期為一年，從2010年2月1日至2011年1月31日。

【答案】Article2:Theinventioninpatentlawreferstothenewtechnicalsolutionputforwardtoproducts,methodsandtheirimprovement.

Asawhole,theaccuserbelievethatthecontractforloanandmortgagecontract,madebytheaccuserandtheaccusedTianjinTianliFoodCo.Ltd.,areeffectiveandshouldbefulfilledentirelyandpractically.

Initsbroadsense,thestructuralestablishmentinChina’sjudicialsystemconsistsofthreemainparts,namelypeople'scourtsystem,people'sprocuratoratesystemandpublicsecurityorgansystem.

Afterbeingsignedbybothpartiesconcernedasscheduled,thecontractwillbecomevalidforoneyearfromFebruary1,2010toJanuary31,2011.

15.單選題

Youshoulddimyourlightsinordernottodazzlethe（

）traffic.

問題1選項

A.meeting

B.facing

C.advancing

D.oncoming

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項meeting“會面，會合”；B選項facing“面朝的，對面的”；C選項advancing“前進的，年長的”；D選項oncoming“接近的，迎面而來的”。句意：為了不使迎面而來的車輛眼花繚亂，你應(yīng)該把燈調(diào)暗。選項D符合語境。

16.單選題

Thepromiseoffindinglong-termtechnologicalsolutionstotheproblemofworldfoodshortagesseemsdifficulttofulfill.Manyinnovationsthatwereonceheavilysupportedandpublicized,suchasfish-proteinconcentrateandproteinfromalgaegrownonpetroleumsubstrates:hassincefallenbythewayside.Theproposalsthemselvesweretechnicallyfeasible;buttheyprovedtobeeconomicallyunviableandtoyieldfoodproductsculturallyunacceptabletotheirconsumers.Recentinnovationssuchasopaque-2maize,Antarctickrill,andthewheat-ryetriticaleseemmorepromising,butitistooearlytopredicttheirultimatefate.

Onecharacteristiccommontounsuccessfulfoodinnovationshasbeenthat,evenwithextensivegovernmentsupport,theyoftenhavenotbeentechnologicallyadaptedorculturallyacceptabletothepeopleforwhomtheyhadbeendeveloped.Asuccessfulnewtechnology,therefore,mustfittheentiresocio-culturalsysteminwhichitistofindaplace.Securityofcropyield,practicalityofstorage,palatability,andcostsaremuchmoresignificantthanhadpreviouslybeenrealizedbytheadvocatesofnewtechnologies.Forexample,thebetterproteinqualityintortillasmadefromopaque-2maizewillbeofonlylimitedbenefittoafamilyonthemarginofsubsistenceifthenewmaizeisnotculturallyacceptableorismorevulnerabletoinsects.

Theadoptionofnewfoodtechnologiesdependsonmorethanthesetechnicalandculturalconsiderations;economicfactorsandgovernmentalpoliciesalsostronglyinfluencetheultimatesuccessofanyinnovation.EconomistsintheAnglo-Americantraditionhavetakentheleadininvestigatingtheeconomicsoftechnologicalinnovation.Althoughtheyexaggerateinclaimingthatprofitabilityisthekeyfactorguidingtechnicalchange—theycompletelydisregardthesubstantialeffectsofculture—theyarecorrectinstressingtheimportanceofprofits.Mosttechnologicalinnovationsinagriculturecanbellyusedonlybylargelandownersandareonlyadoptediftheseprofit-orientedbusinesspeoplebelievethattheinnovationwillincreasetheirincomes.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwasabletoassessthetruthofwhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutopaque-2maize?

2.ThepassagementionsallofthefollowingasfactorsimportanttothesuccessofanewfoodcropEXCEPTthe（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theuseofAntarctickrillasafoodisaninnovationwhosefutureis（

）.

4.Thefirstparagraphofthepassagebestsupportswhichofthefollowingstatements?

問題1選項

A.Itcanbestoredaseasilyasothervarietiesofmaize.

B.Itismorepopularthanthewheat-ryehybridtriticale.

C.Itproducestortillasofgreaterproteincontentthandoothervarietiesofmaize.

D.Itismoresusceptibletoinsectsthanareothervarietiesofmaize.

問題2選項

A.practicalityofstorageofthecrop

B.securityofthecropyield

C.qualityofthecrop'sprotein

D.culturalacceptabilityofthecrop

問題3選項

A.basicallygloomybutstilluncertain

B.somewhatpromisingbutverytentative

C.generallybrightandvirtuallyassured

D.tiedtotheSuccessofopaque-2maize

問題4選項

A.Toomuchpublicitycanharmthechancesforthesuccessofanewfoodinnovation.

B.Innovationsthatproduceculturallyacceptablecropswillgenerallybesuccessful.

C.Afood-productinnovationcanbetechnicallyfeasibleandstillnotbeeconomicallyviable.

D.Itisdifficulttodecidewhetherafood-productinnovationhasactuallybeenasuccess.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“thebetterproteinqualityintortillasmadefromopaque-2maizewillbeofonlylimitedbenefittoafamilyonthemarginofsubsistenceifthenewmaizeisnotculturallyacceptableorismorevulnerabletoinsects.如果這種新玉米在文化上不能被接受，或者更容易受到昆蟲的侵害，那么用不透明2型玉米制成的玉米餅所含的蛋白質(zhì)盡管質(zhì)量較好，但對處于生存邊緣的家庭所帶來的利益將是有限的?！弊髡叩闹攸c在于強調(diào)它比其他玉米品種更容易受到昆蟲的侵害，所以選項D符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段的二三句“Asuccessfulnewtechnology,therefore,mustfittheentiresocio-culturalsysteminwhichitistofindaplace.Securityofcropyield,practicalityofstorage,palatability,andcostsaremuchmoresignificantthanhadpreviouslybeenrealizedbytheadvocatesofnewtechnologies.因此，一項成功的新技術(shù)必須適應(yīng)它所處的整個社會文化系統(tǒng)。作物產(chǎn)量的安全性、儲藏的實用性、風(fēng)味和成本都比以前新技術(shù)的倡導(dǎo)者所認識到的要重要得多?！边x項A，B，D均有所提及，所以本題選C。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Antarctickrill”定位到第一段最后一句“Recentinnovationssuchasopaque-2maize,Antarctickrill,andthewheat-ryetriticaleseemmorepromising,butitistooearlytopredicttheirultimatefate.最近的創(chuàng)新，如不透明玉米、南極磷蝦和黑小麥似乎更有希望，但現(xiàn)在預(yù)測它們的最終命運還為時過早?！彼赃x項B符合原文。

4.判斷推理題。第一段最后一句指出“itistooearlytopredicttheirultimatefate.現(xiàn)在預(yù)測它們的最終命運還為時過早”。選項A在文中沒有提及；選項B太過于絕對；選項C表述過于片面，只有選項D能夠全面的概括第一段的內(nèi)容，所以正確。

17.單選題

Thereismuchdiscussiontodayabouttheneedforthegovernmentto（

）thetheatre.

問題1選項

A.substitute

B.subsidize

C.subscribe

D.subordinate

【答案】B

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項substitute“代替”；B選項subsidize“資助”；C選項subscribe“簽署，贊成”；D選項subordinate“使服從”。句意：今天將重點討論政府是否有必要對劇院進行補貼。選項B符合句意。

18.翻譯題

Scientificandtechnologicaladvancesareenablingustocomprehendthefurthestreachesofthecosmos,themostbasicconstituentsofmatter,andthemiracleoflife.

Atthesametime,today,theactions,andinaction,ofhumanbeingsimperilnotonlylifeontheplanet,buttheverylifeoftheplanet.

Globalizationismakingtheworldsmaller,fasterandricher.Still,9/11andavianfluremindusthatasmaller,fasterworldisnotnecessarilyasaferworld.

Ourworldisburstingwithknowledge—butdesperatelyinneedofwisdo