化工管道工程使用技術(shù)詞匯

化工管道工程使用技術(shù)詞匯中英文對(duì)照1管道組成件Pipingcomponent1.1管子Pipe管子(按照配管標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)格制造的)pipe管子(不按配管標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)格制造的其他用管)tube鋼管steelpipe鑄鐵管castironpipe襯里管linedpipe復(fù)合管cladpipe碳鋼管carbonsteelpipe合金鋼管alloysteelpipe不銹鋼stainlesssteelpipe奧氏體不銹鋼管austeniticstainlesssteelpipe鐵合金鋼管ferriticalloysteelpipe軋制鋼管wrought-steelpipe鍛鐵管wrought-ironpipe無縫鋼管seamless(SMLS)steelpipe焊接鋼管weldedsteelpipe電阻焊鋼管electric-resistanceweldedsteelpipe電熔（?。┖镐摪寰砉躤lectric-fusion(arc)-weldedsteel-platepipe螺旋焊接鋼管spiralweldedsteelpipe鍍鋅鋼管galvanizedsteelpipe熱軋無縫鋼管hot-rollingseamlesspipe冷拔無縫鋼管cold-drawingseamlesspipe水煤氣鋼管water-gassteelpipe塑料管plasticpipe玻璃管glasstube橡膠管rubbertube直管runpipe;straightpipe1.2管件Fitting彎頭elbow異徑彎頭reducingelbow帶支座彎頭baseelbowk半徑彎頭longradiuselbow短半徑彎頭shortradiuselbow長半徑180°彎頭longradiusreturn短半徑180°彎頭shortradiusreturn帶側(cè)向口的彎頭（右向或左向）sideoutletelbow(righthandorlefthand)雙支管彎頭（形）doublebranchelbow三通tee異徑三通reducingtee等徑三通straighttee帶側(cè)向口的三通（右向或左向）sideoutlettee(righthandor1efthand)異徑三通（分支口為異徑）reducingtee(reducingonoutlet)異徑三通（一個(gè)直通口為異徑）reducingtee(reducingononerun)帶支座三通basetee異徑三通（一個(gè)直通口及分支口為異徑）reducingtee(reducingononerunandoutlet)異徑三通（兩個(gè)直通口為異徑，雙頭式）reducingtee(reducingonbothruns,bullhead)45°斜三通45°lateral45°斜三通（支管為異徑）45°lateral(reducingonbranch)45°斜三通(一個(gè)直通口為異徑)45°lateral(reducingononerun)45°斜三通(一個(gè)直通口及支管為異徑)45°lateral(reducingononerunandbranch)Y型三通（俗稱褲衩）true“Y”四通cross等徑四通straightcross異徑四通reducingcross異徑四通（一個(gè)分支口為異徑）reducingcross(reducingononeoutlet)異徑四通（一個(gè)直通口及分支口為異徑）reducingcross(reducingononerunandoutlet)異徑四通（兩個(gè)分支口為異徑）reducingcross(reducingonbothoutlet)異徑四通（一個(gè)直通口及兩個(gè)分支口為異徑）reducingcross(reducingononerunandbothoutlet)異徑管reducer同心異徑管concentricreducer偏心異徑管eccentricreducer鍛制異徑管reducingswage螺紋支管臺(tái)threadolet焊接支管臺(tái)weldolet承插支管臺(tái)sockolet彎頭支管臺(tái)elbolet斜接支管臺(tái)latrolet鑲?cè)胧街Ч茏靤weepolet短管支管臺(tái)nipolet支管臺(tái)，插入式支管臺(tái)boss管接頭coupling,fullcoupling半管接頭halfcoupling異徑管接頭reducingcoupling活接頭union內(nèi)外螺紋縮接（俗稱補(bǔ)芯）bushing管帽cap(C)堵頭plug短節(jié)nipple異徑短節(jié)reducingnipple;swagenipple1.3彎管Bend預(yù)制彎管fabricatedpipebend跨越彎管（^形）cross-overbend偏置彎管（~形）offsetbend90°彎管quarterbend環(huán)形彎管cirelebend單側(cè)偏置90°彎管（?形）singleoffsetquarterbendS形彎管“S”bend單側(cè)偏置U形膨脹彎管（|?形）singleoffset“U”bendU形彎管“U”bend雙偏置U膨脹彎管doubleoffsetexpansion“U”bend斜接彎管mitrebend三節(jié)斜接彎管3-piecemitrebend折皺彎管corrugatedbend圓度roundness1.4法蘭Flange(FLG）整體管法蘭integralpipeflange鋼管法蘭steelpipeflange螺紋法蘭threadedflange滑套法蘭（涉及平焊法蘭）slip-onflange(SO);slip-onweldingflange承插焊法蘭socketweldingflange松套法蘭lapjointflange(LJF)對(duì)焊法蘭weldingneckflange(WNF)法蘭蓋blindflange,blind孔板法蘭orificeflange異徑法蘭reducingflange盤座式法蘭padtypeflange松套帶頸法蘭loosehubbedflange焊接板式法蘭weldingplateflange對(duì)焊環(huán)weldingneckcollar（與stubend相似）平焊環(huán)welding-oncollar突緣短節(jié)stubend,lap翻邊端lappedpipeend松套板式法蘭looseplateflange壓力級(jí)pressurerating,pressureratingclass壓力—溫度等級(jí)pressure-temperaturerating法蘭密封面，法蘭面flangefacing突面raisedface(RF)凸面maleface(MF)凹面femaleface(FMF)榫面tongueface槽面grooveface環(huán)連接面ringjointface全平面；滿平面flatface;fullface(FF)光滑突面smoothraisedface(SRF)法蘭面加工facingfinish粗糙度roughness光滑的smooth齒形serrated均方根rootmeansquare(RMS)算術(shù)平均粗糙高度arithmeticalaverageroughnessheight(AARH)配對(duì)法蘭companion-flange螺栓圓boltcircle(B.C.)1.5墊片Gasket(GSKT)墊片的型式typeofgasket平墊片flatgasket環(huán)形平墊片flatringgasket平金屬墊片flatmetalgasket夾棉織物的橡膠elastomerwithcottonfabricinsertion夾石棉織物的橡膠elastomerwithasbestosfabricinsertion夾石棉織物及金屬絲加強(qiáng)的橡膠elastomerwithasbestosfabricinsertionandwithwirereinforcement無石墨壓縮白石棉墊片nongraphitedcompressedwhiteasbestosgasket天然白橡膠墊片naturalwhiterubbergasket壓縮石棉墊片compressedasbestosclassgasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉墊片PTFEimpregnatedasbestosgasket夾石棉的纏繞金屬墊片spiral-woundmetalgasketwithasbestosfiller內(nèi)環(huán)innerring外環(huán)，外定位環(huán)outerring波紋金屬墊片corrugatedmetalgasket波紋金屬包嵌石棉墊片corrugatedmetalgasketwithasbestosinserted雙夾套波紋金屬包石棉墊片corrugatedmetaldoublejacketedasbestosfilledgasket雙夾套墊片doublejacketedgasket金屬包石棉平墊片flatmetaljacketedasbestosfilledgasket整體金屬齒形墊片solidmetalserratedgasket槽形金屬墊片groovedmetalgasket環(huán)形連接金屬墊片ringjointmetalgasket八角環(huán)形墊片octagonalringgasket橢圓環(huán)形墊片ovalringgasket透鏡式墊片lensgasket非金屬墊片non-metallicgasket1.6閥門Valve1.6.1閥門結(jié)構(gòu)、零件閥軛yoke外螺紋閥桿及閥軛outsidescrewandyoke(OS&Y)閥桿stem內(nèi)螺紋insidescrew(IS)閥軛套yokesleeve閥桿環(huán)stemring閥座valveseat(bodyseat)閥座環(huán)、密封圈seatring整體（閥）座integralseat堆焊（閥）座depositedseat閥芯（涉及密封圈、桿等內(nèi)件）trim閥盤disc閥盤密封圈discseat閥體body閥蓋bonnet閥蓋襯套bonnetbush螺紋閥帽screwcap螺紋閥蓋screwbonnet螺栓連接的閥蓋boltedbonnet(BB)活接閥蓋（帽）unionbonnet(cap)螺栓連接的閥帽boltedcap(BC)焊接閥蓋weldedbonnet(WB)本體閥桿密封bodystemseal石棉安全密封asbestosemenenseal倒密封backseal壓力密封的閥蓋pressure-tightbonnet動(dòng)力操縱器poweredoperator電動(dòng)操縱器electricmotoroperator氣動(dòng)操縱器pneumaticoperator液壓操縱器hydraulicoperator快速操縱器quick-actingoperator滑動(dòng)閥桿slidingstem正齒輪傳動(dòng)spurgearoperated傘齒輪傳動(dòng)bevelgearoperated扳手操作wrenchoperated鏈輪chainwheel手輪handwheel手柄handlever(handle)氣缸（或液壓缸）操縱的cylinderoperated鏈條操縱的chainoperated等徑孔道fullbore;fullport異徑孔道reducingbore,reducedport,venturiport短型shortpattern緊湊型（小型）compacttype籠式環(huán)lanternring壓蓋gland閥桿填料stempacking閥蓋墊片bonnetgasket升桿式（明桿）risingstem(RS)非升桿式（暗桿）non-risingstem(NRS)指示器/限位器indicator/stopper注油器greaseinjector可更換的閥座環(huán)renewableseatring1.6.2常用閥(1）閘閥gatevalve平行雙閘板doublediscparallelseat開口楔形閘板splitwedge撓性整體楔形閘扳flexiblesolidwedge整體楔形閘板solidwedge塞型閘閥pluggatevalve直通型閘閥throughconduitgatevalve(2)截止閥globevalve球心型閥盤globetypedisc塞型閥盤plugtypedisc可轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的閥盤swiveldisc(3)節(jié)流閃閥throttlevalve針閥needlevalve(4)角閥anglevalve(5)Y型閥（Y型閥體截止閥）Y-valve(Y-bodyglobevalve)(6)球閥ballvalve三通球閥3-wayballvalve裝有底軸的trunnionmounted耐火型firesafetype浮動(dòng)球型floatingballtype防脫出閥桿blowoutproofstem(7)蝶閥butterflyvalve對(duì)夾式（薄片型）wafertype凸耳式lugtype偏心閥板蝶閥offsetdiscburerflyvalve;eccentricbutterflyvalve斜閥盤蝶閥canteddiscbutterflyvalve連桿式蝶閥linkbutterflyvalve8)柱塞閥pistontypevalve(9)旋塞閥plugvalve三通旋塞閥three-wayplugvalve四通旋塞閥four-wayplugvalve旋塞cock襯套旋塞sleevecock(10)隔閡閥diaphragmvalve橡膠襯里隔閡閥rubberlineddiaphragmvalve直通式隔閡閥straightwaydiaphragmvalve堰式隔閡閥weirdiaphragmvalve(11)夾緊式膠管閥pinchvalve（用于泥漿、粉塵等）(12)止回閥checkvalve升降式止回閥liftcheckvalve旋啟式止回閥swingcheckvalve,flapcheckvalve落球式止回閥ballcheckvalve彈簧球式止回閥springballcheckvalve雙板對(duì)夾式止回閥dualplatewafertypecheckvalve無撞擊聲止回閥non-slamcheekvalve底閥footvalve切斷式止回閥stopcheckvalve;non-returnvalve活塞式止回閥pistoncheckvalve斜翻盤止回閥tiltingdisccheckvalve蝶式止回閥butterflycheckvalve1.6.3其它用途的閥安全泄氣閥safetyvalve(SV)安全泄液閥reliefvalve(RV)安全泄壓閥safetyreliefvalve杠桿重錘式leverandweighttype引導(dǎo)閥操縱的安全泄氣閥pilotoperatedsafetyvalve復(fù)式安全泄氣閥twintypesafetyvalve罐底排污閥flush-bottomtankvalve電磁閥solenoidvalve,solenoidoperatedvalve電動(dòng)閥electricallyoperatedvalve,electric-motoroperatedvalve氣動(dòng)閥pneumaticoperatedvalve低溫用閥cryogenicservicevalve蒸汽疏水閥steamtrap機(jī)械式疏水閻mechanicaltrap浮桶式疏水閥openbuckettrap,opentopbuckettrap浮球式疏水閥floattrap倒吊桶式疏水閥invertedbuckettrap自由浮球式疏水閥loosefloattrap恒溫式疏水閥thermostatictrap金屬膨脹式蒸汽疏水閥metalexpansionsteamtrap液體膨脹式蒸汽疏水閥liquidexpansionsteamtrap雙金屬膨脹式蒸汽疏水閥bimetallicexpansionsteamtrap壓力平衡式恒溫疏水閥balancedpressurethermostatictrap熱動(dòng)力式疏水閥thermodynamictrap脈沖式蒸汽疏水閥impulsesteamtrap放氣閥（自動(dòng)放氣閥）airventvalve(automaticairventvalve)（疏水閥用）平板式滑動(dòng)閘閥slabtypeslidinggatevalve蓋閥flatvalve換向閥divertingvalve,reversingvalve熱膨脹閥thermoexpansionvalve自動(dòng)關(guān)閉閥self-closinggatevalve自動(dòng)排液閥self-drainingvalve管道盲板閥line-blindvalve擠壓閥squeezevalve（用于泥漿及粉塵等）呼吸閥breathervalve風(fēng)門、擋板damper減壓閥pressurereducingvalve,reducingvalve控制閥controlvalve膜式控制閥diaphragmoperatedcontrolvalve執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)actuator背壓調(diào)節(jié)閥backpressureregulatingvalve差壓調(diào)節(jié)閥differentialpressureregulatingvalve壓力比例調(diào)節(jié)閥pressureratioregulatingvalve1.6.4未指明結(jié)構(gòu)（或閥型）的閥切斷閥blockvalve;shut-offvalve;stopvalve調(diào)節(jié)閥regulatingvalve快開閥quickopeningvalve快閉閥quickclosingvalve隔斷閥isolatingvalve三通閥threewayvalve夾套闊jacketedvalve非旋轉(zhuǎn)式閥non-rotaryvalve排污閥blowdownvalve集液排放閥dripvalve排液閥drainvalve放空閥ventvalve卸載閥unloadingvalve排出閥dischargevalve吸入閥suctionvalve多通路閥multiportvalve取樣閥samplingvalve手動(dòng)閥hand-operatedvalve;manuallyoperatedvalve鍛造閥forgedvalve鑄造閥castvalve（水）龍頭bibb;bib;faucet抽出液閥（小閥）bleedvalve旁路閥by-passvalve軟管閥hosevalve混合閥mixingvalve破真空閥vacuumbreaker沖洗閥flushvalve第一道閥；根部閥primaryvalve根部閥rootvalve總管閥headervalve事故切斷閥emergencyvalve1.7管道特殊件PipingSpecialty1.7.1管道特殊件（組件）粗濾器strainer過濾器filter臨時(shí)粗濾器（錐型）temporarystrainer(conetype)y型粗濾器y-typestrainerT型粗濾器T-typestrainer永久過濾器permanentfilter絲網(wǎng)粗濾器gauzestrainer洗眼器及淋浴器eyewasherandshower視鏡sightglass阻火器flamearrester噴嘴；噴頭spraynozzle取樣冷卻器samplecooler消聲器silencer膨脹節(jié)expansionjoint波紋膨脹節(jié)bellowexpansionjoint單波singlebellow雙波doublebellow多波multiplebellow壓力平衡式膨脹節(jié)pressurebalancedexpansion帶鉸鏈膨脹節(jié)hingedexpansionjoint軸向位移型膨脹節(jié)axialmovementtypeexpansionjoint自均衡膨脹節(jié)（外加強(qiáng)環(huán)）self-equalizingexpansionjoint帶接桿膨脹節(jié)tiedexpansionjoint萬向型膨脹節(jié)universaltypeexpansionjoint球形補(bǔ)償器balltypeexpansionjoint填函式補(bǔ)償器sliptype(packedtype)expansionjoint單向滑動(dòng)填料函補(bǔ)償器singleactionpackedslipjoint1.7.2管道特殊元件PipingSpecialElement軟管接頭hoseconnection(HC)快速接頭quickcoupling金屬軟管metalhose橡膠管rubberhose撓性管flexibletube鞍形補(bǔ)強(qiáng)板reinforcingsaddles補(bǔ)強(qiáng)板reinforcementpad特殊法蘭specialflange漏斗funnel排液環(huán)dripring排液漏斗drainfunnel插板blank墊環(huán)spacer8字盲板spectacleblind;figure8blind限流孔板restrictionorifice爆破片rupturedisk法蘭蓋貼面protectivedisc費(fèi)托立克接頭victauliccoupling1.8端部連接EndConnection法蘭端flangedend坡口端beveledend(BE)對(duì)焊端buttweldedend平端plainend(PE)承插焊端socketweldingend螺紋端threadedend(TE)承口bellend焊接端weldingend法蘭連接（接頭）flangedjoint對(duì)焊連接（接頭）buttweldedjoint螺紋連接，管螺紋連接threadedjoint,pipethreadedjoint錐管螺紋密封焊連接seal-weldedtaperpipethreadedjoint承插焊連接（接頭）socketweldedjoint承插連接（接頭）bellandspigotjoint環(huán)墊接頭ringjoint(RJ)萬向接頭universaljoint軟釬焊連接（接頭）solderedjoint搭接接頭，松套連接lappedjoint外側(cè)厚度切斜角bevelforoutsidethickncss內(nèi)側(cè)厚度切斜角bevelforinsidethickness內(nèi)外側(cè)厚度切斜角bevelforcombinedthickness法蘭式的flanged(FLGD)對(duì)焊的buttwelded(BW)螺紋的threaded(THD)承插焊的socketwelded(SW)小端為平的smallendplain(SEP)大端為平的largeendplain(LEP)兩端平bothendsplain(BEP)小端帶螺紋smallendthread(SET)大端帶螺紋largeendthread(LET)兩端帶螺紋bothendthread(BET)一端帶螺紋oneendthread(OET)支管連接branchconnection焊接支管branchpipeweldeddirectlytotherunpipe2管道用緊固件及螺紋2.1緊固件螺栓bolt六角頭螺栓hexagonalheadbolt方頭螺栓squareheadbolt螺柱，雙頭螺栓studbolt環(huán)頭螺檢eyebolt沉頭螺栓countersunk(head)screw地腳螺栓anchorbolt;foundationbolt松緊螺旋扣（花籃螺絲）turnbuckleU形螺栓U-boltT形螺栓T-bolt圓頭螺釘roundheadbolt機(jī)螺栓，機(jī)螺釘machinebolt頂開螺栓，頂起螺栓Jackscrew自攻螺釘selftappingscrew膨脹螺栓expansionbolt粗制的coarse精制的finished,fine螺母nut六角螺母hexagonalnut方螺母squarenut蝶形螺母wingnut扁螺母flatnut鎖緊螺母locknut墊圈washer平墊圈plainwasher球面墊圈sphericalwasher彈簧墊圈springwasher方墊圈squarewasher斜墊圈slantwasher銷軸pinnedshan銷pin開口銷cotterpin定位銷dowelpin帶孔銷pinwithhole圓錐銷taperpin鉚釘rivet鍵key2.2螺紋左螺紋lefthandthread右螺紋righthandthread管螺紋pipethread錐管螺紋taperpipethread直管螺紋straightpipethread梯形螺紋trapezoidthread螺距pitchofthread粗牙螺紋coarsethread細(xì)牙螺紋finethread特細(xì)牙螺紋extrafinethread通長螺紋fullthread惠氏螺紋whitworththread公制螺紋metricibread美國標(biāo)準(zhǔn)錐管螺紋Americanstandardtaperpipethread(NPT)螺孔tap3材料、型鋼及填料3.1金屬材料3.1.1黑色金屬FerrousMetal碳素鋼carbonsteel(CS)低碳鋼low-carbonsteel中碳鋼medium-carbonsteel高碳鋼high-carbonsteel普通碳素鋼generalcarbonsteel優(yōu)質(zhì)碳素鋼high-qualitycarbonsteel普通低合金結(jié)構(gòu)鋼generalstructurelow-alloysteel合金結(jié)構(gòu)鋼structuralalloysteel合金鋼alloysteel低合金鋼lowalloysteel中合金鋼mediumalloysteel高合金鋼highalloysteel耐熱鋼heatresistingsteel高強(qiáng)度鋼highstrengthsteel復(fù)合鋼cladsteel工具鋼toolsteel彈簧鋼springsteel鉬鋼molybdenumsteel鎳鋼nickelsteel鉻鋼chromiumsteel鉻鉬鋼chrome-molybdenumsteel鉻鎳鋼chromium-nickelsteel,chrome-nickelsteel不銹鋼stainlesssteel(S.S.)奧氏體不銹鋼Austeniticstainlesssteel馬氏體不銹鋼Martensiticstainlesssteel司特來合金（鎢鉻鈷臺(tái)金）Stellite耐蝕耐熱鎳基合金Hastelloy鉻鎳鐵合金inconel耐熱鉻鎳鐵合金incoloy20合金20alloy平爐鋼（馬丁鋼）Martinsteel鎮(zhèn)靜鋼killedsteel半鎮(zhèn)靜鋼semi-killedsteel沸騰鋼rimmedsteel;rimmingsteel;open-steel鍛鋼forgedsteel鑄鋼caststeel鑄鐵castiron(C.I.)灰鑄鐵greycastiron可鍛鑄鐵malleableiron(MI)球墨鑄鐵nodularcastiron;nodulargraphiteiron生鐵pigiron熟鐵，鍛鐵wroughtiron鑄件casting高硅鑄鐵highsiliconcastiron3.1.2鍍層及制造方法滲鉻鋼，鍍鉻鋼chromizedsteel鍍鉻的chromium-plated,chrome-plated鍍層plating鍛造，型鋼swage鍛造的，鍛造forging軋制rolling熱軋hotrolling冷軋coldrolling擠壓extruding冷加工coldworking熱加工hotworking拔制drawing3.1.3有色金屬Non-ferrousMetal鋁aluminum銅，紫銅copper黃銅brass青銅bronze鋁青銅aluminumbronze磷青銅phosphorbronze鋁鎂合金aluminummagnesium錳青銅manganesebronze蒙乃爾（注：鎳及銅合金）Monel鎳銅臺(tái)金nickelcopperalloy非鐵合金nonferrousalloy鈦titanium鉛lead硬鉛hardlead3.1.4材料性能極限強(qiáng)度ultimatestrength抗拉強(qiáng)度tensilestrength屈服極限yieldlimit屈服點(diǎn)yieldpoint延伸率percentageelongation抗壓強(qiáng)度compressivestrength抗彎強(qiáng)度bendingstrength彈性極限elasticlimit沖擊值impactvalue疲勞極限fatiguelimit蠕變極限creeplimit持久極限endurancelimit布氏硬度Brinellhardness洛氏硬度Rockwellhardness維氏硬度Vickersdiamondhardness,diamondpenetratorhardness蠕變斷裂強(qiáng)度creeprupturestrength斷面收縮率reductionofarea韌性toughess脆性brittleness延性ductility冷脆coldshortness冷流coldflow3.2非金屬材料Non-metallicMaterial塑料plastic丙烯腈—丁二烯—苯乙烯acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS)聚乙烯polyethylene(PE)聚氯乙烯polyvinylchloride(PVC)苯乙烯橡膠styrene-rubber(SR)聚丁烯polybutylene(PB)聚丙烯polypropylene(PP)聚苯乙烯polystyrene(PS)氯化聚醚chlorinatedpolyether(CPE)聚酰胺polyamide(PA)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate(PC)聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA)醋酸丁酸纖維素celluloseacetatebutyrate(CAB)氯化聚氯乙烯chlorinatedpolyvinylchloride(CPVC)聚偏二氟乙烯polyvinylidenefluoride(PVDF)縮醛塑料acetalplastic尼龍塑料nylonplastic聚烯烴polyolefin(PO)石墨酚醛塑料graphitephenolicplastics聚四氟乙烯polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)纖維增強(qiáng)熱塑性塑料fiberreinforcedthermoplastics熱塑性塑料thermoplastic熱固性塑料thermosettingplastics膠粘劑adhesive溶劑膠接劑solventcement樹脂resin環(huán)氧樹脂epoxy,epoxyresin聚酯樹脂polyesterresin聚酯纖維polyesterfibers氟塑料fluoroplastics聚氨基甲酸酯polyurethane丙烯酸樹脂acrylicresin脲醛樹脂urearesin呋哺樹脂furanresin乙烯丙烯二烴單體ethylenepropylenedienemonomer(EPDM)合成橡膠syntheticrubber橡膠rubber丁腈橡膠nitrilebutadienerubber氯丁橡膠neoprene天然橡膠naturalrubber乙丙橡膠ethylenepropylenerubber(EPR)玻璃glass硼硅玻璃borosilicateglass耐火磚firebrick陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelainenamel木材wood3.3型材型鋼shapedsteel,sectionsteel,swage角鋼anglesteel槽鋼channel工字鋼I-beam寬緣工字鋼或H鋼wideflangedbeamT型鋼T-bar方鋼squarebar扁鋼flatbar角鋼hexagonalsteelbar圓鋼roundsteel;rod鋼帶strapsteel鋼板plate網(wǎng)紋鋼板checkeredplate腹板（指型鋼的立板）web翼緣（指型鋼的緣）wing3.4填料及填料函填料packing石棉繩asbestosrope,asbestoscord．O形環(huán)O-ring自密封self-sealing四氟帶Teflontap帶鉻鎳合金絲的石棉繩asbestosropewithinconelwire,inconelwireasbestos浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉填料Teflonimpregnatedasbestospacking金屬填料metallicstuffing填料箱，填料函packingbox,stuffingbox填料函壓蓋stuffingboxgland4管道等級(jí)及材料記錄4.1管道材料規(guī)定PipingMaterialSpecification管道等級(jí)pipingclass;pipingclassification管道等級(jí)號(hào)classdesignation公稱直徑nominaldiameter(DN);nominal(pipe)size公稱壓力nominalpressure(PN)壓力級(jí)，等級(jí)，類別class(CL)低壓lowpressure(L.P.)中壓mediumpressure(M.P.)高壓highpressure(H.P.)大氣壓atmosphere(ATM)真空vacuum工作壓力operatingpressure;workingpressure設(shè)計(jì)壓力designpressure工作溫度operatingtemperature設(shè)計(jì)溫度designtemperature環(huán)境溫度ambienttemperature腐蝕裕量corrosionallowance管道附件pipingattachment管道元件pipingelement壁厚wallthickness(WT)壁厚系列號(hào)schedulenumber(SCH.No.)加厚的，加強(qiáng)的extraheavy,extrastrong雙倍加厚的，雙倍加強(qiáng)的doubleextraheavy,doubleextrastrong通用連接組typiealinstallation分組（類）形式（如管道等級(jí)表）blockform數(shù)據(jù)庫database文獻(xiàn)file4.2材料記錄MaterialTake-off(MTO)匯總表summarysheet材料表billofmaterial(BM)綜合管道材料表consolidatedpipingmaterialsummarysheet(CPMSS)記錄材料準(zhǔn)確度accuracyoftake-off材料情況報(bào)告materialstatusreport(MSR)散裝材料bulkmaterial編位號(hào)的itemized代碼codenumber短代碼shortcode數(shù)量quantity(QTY)重力weight凈重netweight毛重grossweight5設(shè)備布置及管道布置PlotPlanandPipingLayout,EquipmentandPipingArrangement5.1設(shè)備名稱EquipmentName5.1.1容器Vessel(1)塔tower,column洗滌塔scrubber吸取塔absorber冷卻塔coolingtower精餾塔fractionatingtower蒸餾塔distillationtower再生塔regeneringtower造粒塔prfllingtower汽提塔stripper脫氣塔degasifier合成塔synthesistower(2)反映器reactor聚臺(tái)釜polymerizer轉(zhuǎn)化器，變換器converter脫硫反映器desulphurizationreactor甲烷化器methanator(3)氣柜gas-holder螺旋式氣柜helicalgas-holder濕式氣柜wetgas-holder干式氣柜drygas-holder(4)槽罐貯罐tank;storagetank緩沖罐knockoutdrum球罐spheroid,sphericaltank罐drum接受槽receiver計(jì)量槽measuringtank加料槽feedtank排污罐blowdowntank閃蒸罐flashdrum汽包steamdrum溶液貯槽solutionstoragetank地下槽sloptank(5)其它設(shè)備分離器separator旋風(fēng)分離器cyclone分子篩molecularsieve脫氧器deaerator攪拌器agitator干燥器dryer混合器mixer萃取器extractor結(jié)晶器crystallizer澄清器gravitysettler凈化器purifier氣化器vaporizer吸附器adsorber融解槽melter減溫器desuperheater升壓器booster噴射器ejector噴頭sprayer火炬flare消聲器silencer(6)換熱器、加熱器、冷卻器換熱器heatexchanger空冷器aircooler水冷卻器watercooler冷凝器condenser螺旋板式換熱器spiralplateheatexchanger蒸發(fā)器evaporator再沸器reboiler急冷器quencher深冷器chiller預(yù)熱器preheater再熱器reheater加熱器heater電加熱器electricheater過熱器superheater給水加熱器feedwaterheater中間冷卻器intercooler后冷卻器aftercooler5.1.2工業(yè)爐及鍋爐爐子furnace燒嘴burner鍋爐boiler煙囪stack廢熱鍋爐wasteheatboiler輔助鍋爐auxiliaryboiler省煤器economizer回?zé)釥tdirect-firedheater輻射段radiantsection對(duì)流段convectionsection裂化爐reformer焚燒爐incinerator回轉(zhuǎn)窯rotarykiln爐管furnacetube吹灰器sootblower觀測孔o(hù)bservationdoor,peepdoor防爆門explosiondoor5.2輔助用房名稱5.2.1生產(chǎn)用房分析室analyzerroom變壓器室transformerroom配電室，變電所substation,switchroom蓄電池室batteryroom控制室controlroom通風(fēng)室ventilatingroom貯藏室storageroom維修間maintenanceroom辦公室office5.2.2生活用房更農(nóng)室lockerroom盥洗室，廁所closet,lavatory,toilet5.3圖名管道布置平面pipingarrangementplan(PAP)管道布置pipinglayout軸測圖isometricdrawing分區(qū)索引圖keyplan初版設(shè)備布置圖（“A”版）preliminaryplotplan(“A”issue)內(nèi)部審查版設(shè)備布置圖（“B”版）inrernalapprovalplotplan(“B”issue)用戶審查版設(shè)備布置圖（“C”版)ownerapprovalplotplan(“C”issue)確認(rèn)版設(shè)備布置圖（“D”版）confirmplotplan(“D”issue)研究版設(shè)備布置圖（“e”版）planningplotplan(“E”issue)設(shè)計(jì)版設(shè)備布置圖（“F”）designingplotplan(“F”issue)施工版設(shè)備布置圖（“G”版）constructionplotplan(“G”issue)5.4廠房、站、單元壓縮機(jī)房compressorhouse(room)泵房pumphouse(room)洗眼站eyewasherstation泡沫站foamstation軟管站，公用工程站hosestation(HS),utilitystation成套設(shè)備packageunit設(shè)施facilities罐區(qū)tankyard空分裝置airseparationfacility5.5設(shè)備布置設(shè)備位號(hào)equipmentitemnumber工廠plant工廠區(qū)界plantlimit項(xiàng)目區(qū)界內(nèi)側(cè)insidebatterylimit(I.S.B.L.)項(xiàng)目區(qū)界batterylimit(BL)區(qū)界arealimit區(qū)域邊界zoneiimit界外offsite東east(E)西west(W)南south(S)北north(N)上up下down工廠北向plantnorth真實(shí)北向truenorth道路road小過道catwalk,catway走道，過道walkway,gangway,accessway污水坑（井）sumppit集水池catchbasin溝槽through預(yù)留區(qū)trough場地futurearea鋪砌區(qū)pavingarea非鋪砌區(qū)unpavedarea碎石鋪面gravelpaving橡皮鋪面rubberpaving面積，區(qū)域area體積，容積volume(VOL)5.6管道布置管道設(shè)計(jì)pipingdesign管道研究pipingstudy走向研究routingstudy重要管道criticalpiping地上管道abovegroundpiping地下管道undergroundpiping管網(wǎng)networkofpipes管廊piperack管溝pipingtrench管間距l(xiāng)inespacing管道跨距l(xiāng)inespan總管header,manifold旁路bypass排液drain放空vent上升管，垂直管riser導(dǎo)管canduit裸管bareiine管件直接fittingtofitting(FTF)管段，接口spoolpiece,spool取樣接口samplingconnection集液包dripleg伴熱管tracingpipe蒸汽伴熱steamtracing熱水伴熱hot-watertracing電伴熱electricaltracing夾套管jacketedline,jacketedpiping全夾套的fulljacketed平面plan詳圖detail“”視圖Xview“X”“”剖視A-Asection“A-A”連接圖hookupdrawing接續(xù)圖continueondrawing(COD)接續(xù)線matchline(M.L.)比例scale圖例legend符號(hào)symbol管口表listofnozzles方位orientation管口方位nozzleorientation定位location相交intersection水平的horizontal垂直的，立式的vertical垂直，正交，垂直的perpendicular平行，平行的parallel水平安裝horizontalinstallation垂直安裝verticalinstallafion對(duì)稱的symmetric相反（的），對(duì)面（的）opposite順時(shí)針方向clockwise逆時(shí)針方向counterclockwise計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)computeraideddesign(CAD)5.7圖面標(biāo)注絕對(duì)標(biāo)高abseluteelevation海平面標(biāo)高over-seameanlevel(OSL)標(biāo)高，立面elevation(EL)混凝土頂面topofconcrete架頂面topofsupport(TOS)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)頂面topofsteel梁項(xiàng)面topofbeam(TOB)支撐點(diǎn)pointofsuppon(POS)管頂topofpipe(TOP)管底bouomofpipe(BOP)溝底boaomoftrench管子內(nèi)底invert(insidebottomofpipe)底平flatonbottom(FOB)頂平flatontop(FOT)工作點(diǎn)workingpoint(W.P.)面至面facetoface(F-F)中心至端面centertoend(C-E)中心至面centertoface(C-F)中心至中心，中至中centertocenter(C-C)坐標(biāo)coordinate坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn)originofcoordinate出口中心線centerlineofdischarge入口中心線centerlineofsuction中心線centerline(CL)入口inlet,suction出口outlet,discharge排出口exhaust距離distance5.8相關(guān)專業(yè)的專業(yè)詞匯5.8.1工藝(1)圖及表流程圖flowdiagram工藝流程圖processflowdiagram(PFD)管道及儀表流程圖pipingandinstrumentflowdiagram(PID)公用工程流程圖utilityflowdiagram(UFD)管線表linelist;lineschedule命名表；管道表nomenclature設(shè)備表equipmentlist(schedule)(2)流體fluid空氣air儀表空氣instrumentair工藝空氣processair低壓蒸汽lowpressuresteam中壓蒸汽mediumpressuresteam高壓蒸汽highpressuresteam伴熱蒸汽tracingsteam飽和蒸汽saturatedsteam過熱蒸汽superheatedsteam氧氣oxygen氫氣hydrogen氮?dú)鈔itrogen燃料氣fuelgas天然氣naturalgas火炬氣flaregas酸性氣sourgas液化石油氣liquefiredpetroleumgas(LPG)氨氣ammoniagas冷卻水cooling循環(huán)水circulatingwater鍋爐給水boilerfeedwater熱水hotwater蒸汽冷凝水steamcondensate鹽水brine工藝水processwater化學(xué)污水chemicalsewage防腐劑corrosioninhibitor重油heavyoil石腦油naphtha燃料油fueloil潤滑油lubricatingoil密封油sealingoil冷凍劑refrigerant載熱體heatingmedium溶劑solvent溶液solution母液motherliquor單體monomer聚合物polymer均聚物homopolymer共聚物copolymer工藝液體processliquid工藝氣體processgas硫酸sulphuricacid鹽酸chlorhydricacid硝酸nitricacid燒堿causticsoda(3)流體特性fluidcharacteristics蒸汽壓vaporpressure臨界溫度criticaltemperature臨界點(diǎn)criticalpoint臨界壓力criticalpressure比熱specificheat濕度humidity密度density比重specificgravity粘度viscosity閃點(diǎn)flashpoint融點(diǎn)meltingpoint凝固點(diǎn)freezingpoint濃度concentration爆炸極限limitofexplosion有毒的toxic可燃的；易燃的flammable(4)其它回收recovery再生regeneration循環(huán)cireulatlon再循環(huán)；再生recycle補(bǔ)充make-up制備preparation蒸汽吹掃steamingout吹掃purge抽空；排空evacuation吹出blow-off排污blowdown破真空vacuumbreaker大氣腿barometricleg備用stand-by化學(xué)清洗chemicalcleaning凈正吸入壓頭netpositivesuctionhead(NPSH)進(jìn)料feed成品product污染contamination大氣污染atmosphericpollution環(huán)境溫度ambienttemperature5.8.2建筑、結(jié)構(gòu)建筑物building鋼結(jié)構(gòu)steelstructure已有鋼結(jié)構(gòu)existingsteelstructure鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)reinforcedconcreteconstruction樓面floor平臺(tái)platform(PF)地面groundlevel欄桿handrail樓梯stair;stairway直梯ladder柱column;post;stanchion基礎(chǔ)foundation;footing粱beam斜撐；支撐bracing桁架；主粱girder構(gòu)件member隔墻partitionwall墻wall篦子板grate;grating吊裝孔erectionopening吊梁hoistingbeam棚shelter窗window天窗skylight門door防火門firedoor地漏floordrain防火層fire-proofing總圖generalplotplan路肩shoulder樁pile灌漿grouting風(fēng)荷載windload雪荷載snowload動(dòng)力荷載dynamicload靜荷載deadload活荷載liveload風(fēng)速windvelocity主導(dǎo)風(fēng)向mostfrequentwinddirection5.8.3儀表盤（操作盤）panel就地盤localpanel儀表盤instrumentpanel常開normallyopen常閉normallyclosed電纜槽（架）cabletray(channel);cablerack儀表電纜槽（架）instrumentcabletray(duct)壓力計(jì)manometer;pressuregauge熱電偶thermocouple溫度計(jì)thermometer液位計(jì)levelgauge玻璃液位計(jì)gageglass溫度計(jì)保護(hù)管thermowell流量計(jì)flowmeter孔板orifice變送器transmitter聯(lián)鎖interlock儀器；設(shè)備apparatus儀器分析instrumentalanalysis自動(dòng)分析automaticanalysis氣體分析gasanalysis化學(xué)分析chemicalanalysis氣相色譜儀gaschromatograph液相色譜儀liquidchromatograph質(zhì)譜分析massspectrometricanalysis5.8.4電氣危險(xiǎn)區(qū)劃分hazardousareaclassification危險(xiǎn)區(qū)平面圖hazardousareaplan電氣盤electricalpanel配電盤switchboard電纜溝cabletrench電流current直流directcurrent交流alternatingcurrent頻率frequency相位phase功率因數(shù)powerfactor電壓voltage電阻resistance電容capacitance靜電staticelectricity接地grounding;easthing照明lighting;illumination避雷針lightningpreventer電話telephone電線wire接線箱（盒）junctionbox導(dǎo)線管conduittube5.8.5設(shè)備固定鞍座fixedsaddle滑動(dòng)鞍座slidingsaddle管口nozzle人孔manhole(MH)手孔handhole(HH)檢查孔inspectionhole吊柱davit切線tangentline焊接線weldingiine件號(hào)parthumbet橢圓形封頭ellipsoidalhead加強(qiáng)圈reinforcingring接地板e(cuò)arthlug吊耳liftinglug氣缸cylinder軸shaft軸承bearing附件，附屬設(shè)備accessory編位號(hào)設(shè)備itemizedequipment無位號(hào)設(shè)備non-itemizedequipment5.8.6水道(1)流體原水rawwater硬水hardwater軟水softwater飲用水potablewater循環(huán)冷卻水給水coolingwatersupply循環(huán)冷卻水回水coolingwaterreturn脫鹽水demineralizedwater苦咸水（堿性水）brackishwater生活污水sanitarysewer工業(yè)廢水industrialwastewater雨水rainwater污染雨水contaminatedrainwater消防水firewater(2)裝置、設(shè)施軟化裝置softener沉淀器settler沉淀池clarifier脫鹽裝置demineralizer水解決watertraatment冷卻塔coolingtower中和池neutralizationtank化糞池septictank滲濾井soak-awaypit井well閥井valvepit清掃口cleanout（3）消防消火栓hydrant水炮watermonitor灑水器sprinkler水噴淋watering滅火器fireextinguisher消防水泵firepump消防車firefightingtruck泡沫消防foamfire-fighting泡沫栓foamhydrant泡沫炮foammonitor消防軟管接頭firehoseconnection6管道支吊架PipeSupportsandHangers6.1管架零部件AttachmentofSupport管托shoe管卡clampU形夾（卡）clevis鍛制U形夾forgedsteelclevis支耳；吊耳lug;ear耳軸trunnion止動(dòng)擋塊shearlug托座stool托架cradle帶狀卡strapclamp夾板，導(dǎo)向板cleat可調(diào)夾板adjustablecleat角板；連接板gusset筋；肋rib支承環(huán)ring加強(qiáng)板stiffiener底板baseplate頂板topplate翅片式導(dǎo)向板fin預(yù)埋件embeddedpart;insertedplate墊板（安裝墊平用）shim錨固件；生根件clip預(yù)焊件(設(shè)備上)clip(onequipment)聚四氟乙烯滑動(dòng)板PTFEslidingplate連接板tieplate連接桿tierod限制桿limitrod帶環(huán)頭拉桿eyerod連接桿connectingrod杠桿lever支撐桿strut定位塊presetpieces間隔管（片、塊）spacer滑動(dòng)吊板（吊架頂部用）slidingtraveler(forhanger)滑輪組tackle-block鋼索，電纜cable木塊woodblock鞍座saddle裙座skirt軟管卷盤（簡）hosereel管部附著件pipeattachment6.2管支架型式TypeofPipeSupport支承架restingsupport滑動(dòng)架slidingsupport固定架anchor導(dǎo)向架guide限制性支架；約束restraint限位架stop限位器stopper定值限位架limitstop二維限位架two-axisstop往復(fù)定值限位架double-actinglimitstop定向限位架directionalstop吊架hanger彈簧架springsupport彈簧托架restingtypespringsupport彈簧吊架springhanger恒力吊架constanthanger重錘式吊架counterweighthanger彈簧恒力吊架springconstanthanger彈簧恒力托架restingtypespringconstantsupport滾動(dòng)支架rollingsupport彈簧支撐架springbracing減振器snubber液壓減振器hydraulicsnubber減振裝置dampingdevice緩沖簡（器）dashpot剛性吊架rigidhanger6.3標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及通用型支架標(biāo)準(zhǔn)管架standardpipesupport通用管架typicalpipesupport懸臂架cantileversupport三角架triangularsupport’支腿legⅡ形管架Ⅱ-typesupportL形管架L-typesupport柱式管架poletypesupport墻架supportonwall可調(diào)支架adjustablesupport管墩，低管架sleeper特殊管架specialsupport管道支吊架圖pipingsupportdrawing6.4管架安裝背至背backtoback鉆孔drill長孔slot;slothole放氣孔；通氣孔venthole灌漿；水泥砂漿填平grouting組裝；裝配assembly攻螺孔tapped;tapping自由滑動(dòng)freetoslide跨度span對(duì)中心；找正alignment切割使適合cuttosuit修飾使適合trimtosuit伸出長度（指預(yù)埋螺栓）extrusion7應(yīng)力計(jì)算熱應(yīng)力分析thermalstressanalysis管道柔性分析pipingflexibilityanalysis荷載工況loadcase力force反力reaction力矩moment彎曲力矩bendingmoment扭矩torque外載externallyappliedload荷載load冷態(tài)荷載coldload工作荷載workingload外力externalforce內(nèi)力internalforce力偶coupleofforce管系pipingsystem位移displacement附加位移appendantdisplacement;externallyimposeddisplacement角位移angularrotation冷拉coldspring自拉selfspring方向direction元件member節(jié)點(diǎn)node節(jié)點(diǎn)號(hào)nodenumber自由free固定點(diǎn)fixpoint;anchorpoint剛性的rigid柔性flexibility塑性plasticity熱循環(huán)thermalcycle劇烈循環(huán)條件severecycliccondition應(yīng)力stress彎曲應(yīng)力bendingstress扭轉(zhuǎn)應(yīng)力torsionalst