語言學語言學教程測試題及答案

(完整word版)[語言學]語言學教程測試題及答案(完整word版)[語言學]語言學教程測試題及答案判斷題：Wewereallbornwiththeabilitytoacquirelanguage，whichmeansthedetailsofanylanguagesystemcanbegeneticallytransmitted。正確 錯誤 參考答案：錯誤2。單選題： dealswithlanguageapplicationtootherfields，particularlyeducation.LinguistictheoryPracticallinguisticsComparativelinguisticsD。Appliedlinguistics參考答案：D單選題： Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedforhuman A.contactB。communicationC.relationD.community參考答案:B4。判斷題： Onlyhumanbeingsareabletocommunicate。正確 錯誤參考答案：錯誤填空題：Saussureputforwardtwoimportantconcepts。 referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallmembersofaspeechcommunity.參考答案：langue判斷題： TheconventionalnatureoflanguageisillustratedbyafamousquotationfromShakespear'splayRomeoandJuliet:“Arosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweet"。正確 錯誤參考答案：正確填空題：LinguisticpotentialissimilartoSaussure'slangueand 參考答案：competence8。判斷題: Speechandwritingcameintobeingatmuchthesametimeinhumanhistory。正確 錯誤參考答案：錯誤9.填空題:Thedescriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisa 。參考答案：diachronic10。填空題：Linguisticsisthe studyoflanguage.參考答案：scientific11。填空題:Onegeneralprincipleoflinguisticanalysisistheprimacyof overwriting。參考答案：speech填空題：Modernlinguisticsis inthesensethatthelinguisttriestodiscoverwhatlanguageisratherthanlaydownsomerulesforpeopletoobserve。參考答案:descriptive13。單選題： Whichofthefollowingwordsisentirelyarbitrary？treetypewritercrashD。 bang參考答案：14。判斷題： F。dewhomadethedistinctionbetweenlangueandparoleintheearly20thcentury，wasaFrenchlinguist.正確 錯誤參考答案：錯誤單選題: soelnfelersefrulesofhislanguageinutterances。PerformanceCompetenceLangueD。Parole參考答案:A判斷題: Languageiswrittenbecausewritingistheprimarymediumforalllanguages。正確 錯誤參考答案：錯誤17。單選題：Whichofthefollowingpropertyoflanguageenableslanguageuserstoovercomethebarrierscausedbytimeandplace，duetothisfeatureoflanguage，speakersofalanguagearefreetotalkaboutanythinginanysituation?A。TransferabilityB.DualityC。DisplacementD。Arbitrariness參考答案:C【quiz2phonology】測試總分:18分【（得分:8分）1。填空題：Inphonologicalanalysisthewordsfail/veilaredistinguishablesimplybecauseofthetwophonemes/f/—/v/。Thisisanexampleforillustrating 參考答案：minimalpairs填空題：Speechtakesplacewhentheorgansofspeechmovetoproducepatternsofsound Thesemovementshaveaneffectonthe coming fromthe。參考答案:airstream判斷題： goehrsfe，snedlongvs.shortortensevs.lax。正確 錯誤參考答案：正確4。判斷題： InEnglish，allthebackvowelsare。正確 錯誤參考答案：錯誤5.填空題：InEnglishthereareanumberof ,whichareproducedbymovingfromonevowelpositiontoanotherthroughinterveningpositions。參考答案：diphthongs6填空題:Accordingtothefeatureofconsonantsoundscanbeeither or ，allvowelsoundsare 。參考答案：voiced voiceless voiced單選題： Pitchvariationisknownas onationtoneC。pronunciationD。voice參考答案：A8。單選題： Whichoneisdifferentfromtheothersaccordingtoplacesofarticulation？A。[n]［m］［b]［p］參考答案：A9。判斷題： InEnglish，allthefrontvowelsandthecentralvowelsare。正確 錯誤參考答案：正確10。單選題： Whichbranchofphoneticsconcernstheproductionofspeechsounds?AcousticphoneticsArticulatoryphoneticsC。AuditoryphoneticsD。Noneoftheabove參考答案：B11。單選題： Whatkindofsoundscanwemakewhenthevocalcordsarevibrating?A.VoicelessB。VoicedC。GlottalstopD。Consonant參考答案：B12。填空題：Consonantsdifferfromvowelsinthatthelatterareproducedwithout 。參考答案：obstruction13。判斷題： Suprasegmentalphonologyreferstothestudyofphonologicalpropertiesofunitslargerthanthesegment-phoneme,suchaswordand。正確 錯誤參考答案：正確判斷題: ［p］isavoicedbilabialstop。正確 錯誤參考答案:錯誤判斷題： Acousticphoneticsisconcernedwiththeperceptionofspeech。正確 錯誤參考答案：錯誤單選題： WhichvowelisdifferentfromtheothersaccordingtothecharacteristicsofA.［i:］B。[u］C.［e］D參考答案：B【quiz3Morphology】1。填空題: Boundmorphemesareclassifiedintotwotypes: and 參考答案:derivationalmorphemes inflectionalmorphemes填空題: isareverseprocessofderivation,andthereforeisaprocessofshortening.參考答案：Back—formation單選題： Thethreesubtypesofaffixesprefix,suffixand A。derivationalaffixB.inflectionalaffixC。infixD。back—formation參考答案：C4。單選題: Nouns，verbsandadjectivescanbeclassifiedas A。contentwordsB.grammaticalwordsC。functionwordsD.formwords參考答案：A5isextremelyproductive,becauseEnglishhadlostmostofitsinflectionalendingsbytheendoftheMiddleEnglishwhichfacilitatedtheuseofwordsinterchangeablyasverbsornouns，verbsoradjectives,andviceversa.參考答案：Conversion單選題: isawayinwhichnewwordsmaybeformedfromalreadyexistingwordsbysubtractinganaffixwhichisthoughttobepartoftheoldword.A。affixationB.back-formationC。insertionD。addition參考答案：B填空題：Asmallsetofandpronounsbelongto thelargestpartofnouns,adjectivesandadverbsbelongto class.參考答案:closed open8。單選題： Thewordslikesmogandmotelareformedby .A.blendingB。clippingC.back—formationD.acronymy參考答案：A9。單選題: InEnglish–iseand–tionarecalled .A.prefixes B。suffixes C.infixes D.參考答案:B填空題:Awordformedbyderivationiscalleda ,andawordformedbycompoundingiscalleda .參考答案:derivative compound單選題： ThewordDINKisformedinthewayof .acronymyBclippingC.compoundingD。blending參考答案:A單選題: Thereare morphemesintheworddenationalization。A。three B。four C。five D.six參考答案：C13。單選題: Morphemesthatrepresenttense,number，genderandcasearecalled 。inflectional B.free C.bound D.derivational參考答案：A【quiz4-syntax】填空題:Wordswhichintroducethesentencecomplementaretermed 參考答案：complementizers判斷題： Minorlexicalcategoriesareopenbecausethesecategoriesarenotfixedandnewmembersareallowedfor.正確 錯誤參考答案：錯誤3。填空題： is”asyntacticunitthatfunctionsaspartofalargerunitwithinasentence”參考答案：Constituent4.填空題:Therearetwolevelsofsyntacticstructures。Thefirst,formedbytheXPruleinaccordancewiththehead’ssub-categorizationproperties，iscalled.Thesecond，correspondingtothefinalsyntacticformofthesentencewhichresultsfromappropriatetransformations，iscalled 。參考答案：deepstructure surfacestructure5。填空題：Inflistheshortformof ，anabstractcategorywhichindicates and 。參考答案：inflectiontenseagreement。填空題：rlsyaytene。yfromminorlexicalcategoriesinthattheyareoften assumedtobethearoundwhichphrasesarebuilt。參考答案：heads7。判斷題:InEnglishsyntacticanalysis,fourphrasalcategoriesarecommonlyrecognizedanddiscussed,namely，nounphrase,verbphrase，infinitivephrase，andauxiliaryphrase。正確 錯誤參考答案:錯誤8。判斷題: Anounphrasemustcontainanoun，butotherelementsareoptional。正確 錯誤參考答案：正確9.填空題: istheinversionoperationinvolvingthemovementofawordfromtheheadpositioninonephraseintotheheadpositioninanotherphrase.參考答案：headmovement10。填空題:Sentencepositioncanbetakenbyan oranabstractcategoryencodedinaverbwhichindicatesthe.參考答案：Infl auxiliary tense11。填空題:Syntaxis thatstudieshowwordsarecombinedtoformsentencesandthe theformationofsentences。參考答案:abranchoflinguistics rulesthatgovern12。判斷題： Constituentsthatcanbesubstitutedforoneanotherwithoutlossofgrammaticalitybelongtothesamesyntacticcategory。正確 錯誤參考答案:正13。判斷題：Inacomplexsentence，thetwoclausesholdunequalstatus，onesubordinatingtheother。正確 錯誤參考答案:正14.判斷題： Thesyntacticrulesofanylanguagearefiniteinbutthereisnolimittothenumberofsentencesnativespeakersofthatlanguageareabletoproduceandcomprehend.正確 錯誤參考答案:正確15。填空題：theXPrule(revised)：XP——> + + 參考答案：(Specifier) X (Complement*）16.填空題：Wh—movement：Moveawh-phrasetothe positionunder參考答案：specifier【quiz5semantics】1。填空題: oppositesmaybeseenintermsofdegreesofthequality。參考答案：Gradable單選題： Thesemanticcomponentsoftheword“man”canbeexpressedas .A.+human,+male，—adultB。+human,-male,—adultC.+human，+male，+adultD.+human,-male,+adult參考答案：C填空題: analysisisbaseduponthebeliefthatthemeaningofawordcanbedividedintomeaningcomponents.參考答案：componential4。單選題： Awordwithseveralmeaningiscalled A。anabnormalwordB。apolysemicwordC.asynonymouswordD。Noneoftheabove參考答案:B5.單選題： Whatisthemeaningrelationshipbetweenthetwowords“flower/tulip”?A。PolysemyB.HomonymyCHyponymyD.Antonymy參考答案:C6填空題：Thesemanticcomponentoftheword are+Human,+Adult,+male,-Married.參考答案：bachelor填空題： Accordingtothe“semantictriangle”presentedbyOgdenandRichards,thesymbolor

referstothelinguisticelements(words,the

referstotheobjectintheworldofexperienceandthethoughtorreferencerefersto。參考答案：form referent單選題： Wecalltherelationbetween“animal"and“cow”as A。polysemyB.antonymyC.homophonyD。hyponymy參考答案:D單選題： Whichdescriptionofcomponentialanalysisfortheword“woman”isright？A。+human，-adult,—maleB。+human,+adult，—maleC.+human，+adult,+maleD。+human,-adult,+male參考答案:B單選題： Whatisthemeaningrelationshipbetweenthetwowords“rose/tulip”？polysemy B.hyponymy C。homophony D。co—hyponyms參考答案：D單選題： Thepairofwords“wide/narrow"arecalled .gradableoppositesB。complementaryantonymsC.co-hyponymsD。relationalopposites參考答案：A單選題: Thepairofwords“borrow/lend”arecalled A。relationaloppositesB。synonymsC。complementariesD.gradableopposites參考答案:A【quiz6Pragmatics】單選題: Whatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaning isconsidered.A。referenceB。speechactC。practicalusageD。context參考答案:D2。單選題： Accordingtotheillocutionarypointoftherepresentativeis A。togetthehearertodosomethingB。tocommitthespeakertosomething’sbeingthecaseC。tocommitthespeakertosomefuturecourseofactionD。toexpressthefeelingsorattitudetowardsanexistingstateofaffairs參考答案:B3。填空題： A（n) actistheactofutteringwords，phrases，clauses。Itistheactofconveyingliteralmeaningbymeansofsyntax,lexiconand。參考答案:locutionary4。單選題： Asentenceisa andthemeaningofasentenceisoftenstudiedinisolation。A.pragmatic B.grammatical C.mental D.conceptual參考答案:B填空題：) tsetfgers；tsetinsayingsomething。參考答案:illocutionary6填空題:Therearefourmaximsunderthecooperativeprinciple:themaximof ，themaximofquality,themaximofrelationandthemaximofmanner.參考答案：quantity7。判斷題： Themeaningofasentenceisbutcontext-dependent正確 錯誤參考答案:錯誤填空題: weresentencesthatdidnotstateafactordescribeastate，andwerenotverifiable.參考答案:Performatives判斷題： Itwouldbeimpossibletogiveanadequatedescriptionofmeaningifthecontextoflanguageusewasleftunconsidered。正確 錯誤參考答案：正確10。單選題： Whenanyofthemaximsunderthecooperativeprincipleismightarise.A。impoliteness B.contradictionsC.mutualunderstanding D。conversationalimplicatures參考答案：D11。判斷題： Themeaningofanutteranceisdecontexualized,therefore。正確 錯誤參考答案：錯誤12。填空題：A(n) is