2022年考研考博-工商管理碩士（MBA）-考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號72

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-工商管理碩士（MBA）-考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Accordingtoarecentsurveyonmoneyandrelationships,36percentofpeoplearekeepingabankaccountfromtheirpartner.Whilethisfinancialunfaithfulnessmayappearasdistrustinarelationship,intruthitmayjustbeaformoffinancialprotection.

Withalmosthalfofallmarriagesendingindivorce,menandwomenarerealizingtheyneedtobefinanciallysavvy,regardlessofwhethertheyareinarelationship.

Thefinancialhardshiponindividualsafteradivorcecanbeextremelydifficult,evenmoresowhenchildrenareinvolved.Thelackofpermanencyinrelationships,jobsandfamilylifemaybethecauseofagrowingtrendtokeepasecretbankaccounthiddenfromapartner;inotherwords,an”escapefund”.

Margaret’sstoryisfarfromunique.Sheisarepresentativeofagrowingnumberofwomeninlong-termrelationshipswhoarebecomingprotectiveoftheirownearnings.

Everymonthonpayday,shebankshundredsofdollarsintoasavingsaccountshekeepsfromherhusband.Shehasbeendoingthisthroughouttheirsix-yearmarriageandhasbuiltanesteggworthanincredible$100,000ontopofherpension.

Margaretsaysifherhusbandfoundoutabouthersecretsavingshe’dhurtandwouldinterpretthisasasignshewasn’tsureofthemarriage.”He’dthinkitwasmyescapefunsothatfinanciallyIcouldaffordtogetoutoftherelationshipifitwentwrong.IknowyoushouldapproachmarriageasbeingforeverandIhopeoursis,butyoucanneverbesure.”

Likemanyofherfellowsecretsavers,Margaretwasstunginaformerrelationshipandhassincebeenveryguardedaboutherownmoney.

Comingcleantoyourpartneraboutbeingasecretsavermaynotbeallthatbad.TakeColleenforexample,whohadbeensavingsecretlyforafewyearsbeforesheconfessedtoherpartner.”Idecidedtoopenasavingsaccountandstartbuildinganesteggofmyown.IwantedtoprovetomyselfthatIcouldputmoneyinthebankandleaveitthereforarainyday.”

“WhenJohnfoundoutaboutmysecretsavings,hewasalittlesuspiciousofmymotives.IreassuredhimthatthiswascertainlynotanescapefundthatIfeelverysecureinourrelationship.Ihavetoadmitthatitdoesfeelgoodtohavemyownmoneyonreserveifevertherearerainydaysinthefuture.It’ssensibletobuildandprotectyourpersonalfinancialsecurity.”

1.Thetrendtokeepasecretbankaccountisgrowingbecause（

）.

2.Theword“savvy”(Line2,Para2)probablymeans

（

）.

3.WhichinferencecanwemakeaboutMargaret?

4.TheauthormentionsColleen’sexampletoshow

（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarythispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.escapefundhelpsonethroughrainydays

B.daysaregettingharderandharder

C.womenaremoneysensitive

D.financialconflictsoftenoccur

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.suspicious

B.secure

C.shrewd

D.simple

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Sheisauniquewoman.

B.Shewasoncedivorced.

C.Sheisgoingtoretire.

D.Shehasmanychildren.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.anycouplecanavoidmarriageconflicts

B.privacywithinmarriageshouldberespected

C.everyonecansaveafortunewithahappymarriage

D.financialdisclosureisnotnecessarilybad

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.SecretSavers

B.LoveIsWhatIt’sWorth

C.BankingHonesty

D.OnceBitten,TwiceShy

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.本題主要考查的是大綱規(guī)定的第五個閱讀考點(diǎn):進(jìn)行一定的判斷和推理

根據(jù)題干信息可定位至三段2句。該句中agrowingtrendtokeepasecretbankaccount與題干中“Thetrendtokeepasecretbankaccountisgrowing”一致。根據(jù)該句中的因果邏輯可知,thecauseof(……的原因)之前的內(nèi)容應(yīng)是題干所問信息。該處明確指出,生活中的種種不穩(wěn)定導(dǎo)致人們開始存私房錢。同時本段首句也提到,離婚后個人經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況會比較嚴(yán)峻。另外,由原文八段4句所引用的柯林的事例可知,她存錢就是應(yīng)對不時之需。綜合分析可知,由于生活中充滿不確定因素,越來越多的人存私房錢的目的在于未雨綢繆,因此A選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

2.本題主要考查的是大綱規(guī)定的第四個閱讀考點(diǎn):根據(jù)上下文推斷重要生詞或詞組的含義

根據(jù)題干信息可定位至二段。此處需聯(lián)系上下文進(jìn)行判斷。根據(jù)上文可知:人們存私房錢可能是為了尋求經(jīng)濟(jì)上的保障。根據(jù)下文可知:離婚使個人經(jīng)濟(jì)面臨困境。而二段前半部分提到:近乎一半的婚姻以離婚而告終。那么,在這種情況下,男女雙方就需要在經(jīng)濟(jì)上有所考慮,未雨綢繆。而financiallyshrewd(精明的)可以理解為“有經(jīng)濟(jì)憂患意識的”,符合題意,故C選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

3.本題主要考查的是大綱規(guī)定的第五個閱讀考點(diǎn):進(jìn)行一定的判斷和推理

原文七段提到瑪格麗特在以前的婚姻中受過傷害,這說明她離過婚。B選項(xiàng)中的oncedivorced(曾經(jīng)離過婚)與原文中的formerrelationship((以前的婚姻關(guān)系)相對應(yīng),符合題意,故為正確答案。

4.本題主要考查的是大綱規(guī)定的第六個閱讀考點(diǎn):理解作者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度

根據(jù)題干信息Colleen'sexample可定位至八段。本段1句提到向配偶坦白存私房錢或許并非壞事,緊接著文章就列舉了柯林的例子對1句(即本段的主題句)進(jìn)行解釋和說明。因此,D選項(xiàng)是對原文的合理推斷,符合題意,故為正確答案。

5.本題主要考查的是大綱規(guī)定的第一個閱讀考點(diǎn):理解主旨要義

根據(jù)題干,需要對文章進(jìn)行整體把握。本文以調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)開頭,說明很多人會瞞著另一半持有秘密存款,作者認(rèn)為這種做法是尋求經(jīng)濟(jì)保障的一種方式。接著二段和三段分析了該現(xiàn)象背后的原因,然后在四段到九段以兩位女性的例子說明秘密存款可以使女性在經(jīng)濟(jì)上更加有安全感。綜合可知,“秘密存款”是文章的主線,因此A選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

2.單選題

1970年，U國汽車保險(xiǎn)業(yè)的賠付總額中，只有10%用于賠付汽車事故造成的人身傷害。而2000年，這部分賠付金所占的比例上升到50%，盡管這30年來U國的汽車事故率呈逐年下降的趨勢。

以下哪項(xiàng)如果為真，最有助于解釋上述看似矛盾的現(xiàn)象？

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.這30年來，U國汽車的總量呈逐年上升的趨勢。

B.這30年來，U國的醫(yī)療費(fèi)用顯著上升。

C.2000年U國的交通事故數(shù)量明顯多于1970年。

D.2000年U國實(shí)施的新交通法規(guī)比1970年的更為嚴(yán)格。

E.這30年來U國汽車保險(xiǎn)金的上漲率明顯髙于此期間的通貨膨脹率。

【答案】B

3.單選題

Johnsaysthathispresentjobdoesnotprovidehimwithenough（

）forhisorganizingability.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.scope

B.space

C.capacity

D.range

【答案】B

4.單選題

Tomysurprise,atyesterday’smeetingheagain（

）theplanthathadbeendisapprovedaweekbefore.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.broughtabout

B.broughtout

C.broughtup

D.broughtdown

【答案】C

5.單選題

WhenMicrosoftboughttaskmanagementappWunderlistandmobilecalendarSunrisein2015,itpickeduptwonewcomersthatwereattractingconsiderablebuzzinSiliconValley.Microsoft’sownOfficedominatesthemarketfor“productivity”software,butthestart-upsrepresentedanewwaveoftechnologydesignedfromthegroundupforthesmartphoneworld.

Bothapps,however,werelaterscrapped,afterMicrosoftsaidithadusedtheirbestfeaturesinitsownproducts.Theirteamsofengineersstayedon,makingthemtwoofthemany“acquit-hires”thatthebiggestcompanieshaveusedtofeedtheirinsatiablehungerfortechtalent.

ToMicrosoft’scritics,thefatesofWunderlistandSunriseareexamplesofaremorselessdrivebyBigTechtochewupanyinnovativecompaniesthatlieintheir.path.“Theyboughttheseedlingsandclosedthemdown,”complainedPaulArnold,apartneratSanFrancisco-basedSwitchVentures,puttingpaidtobusinessesthatmightonedayturnintocompetitors.Microsoftdeclinedtocomment.

Likeotherstart-upinvestors,MrArnold’sownbusinessoftendependsonsellingstart-upstolargertechcompanies,thoughheadmitstomixedfeelingsabouttheresult:“Ithinkthesethingsaregoodforme,ifIputmyselfishhaton.ButaretheygoodfortheAmericaneconomy?Idon’tknow.”

TheUSFederalTradeCommissionsaysitwantstofindtheanswertothatquestion.Thisweek,itaskedthefivemostvaluableUStechcompaniesforinformationabouttheirmanysmallacquisitionsoverthepastdecade.Althoughonlyaresearchprojectatthisstage,therequesthasraisedtheprospectofregulatorswadingintoearly-stagetechmarketsthatuntilnowhavebeenbeyondtheirreach.

Giventheircombinedmarketvalueofmorethan$5.5tn,riflingthroughsuchsmalldeals—manyofthemmuchlessprominentthanWunderlistandSunrise—mightseembesidethepoint.Betweenthem,thefivecompanies(Apple,Microsoft,Google,AmazonandFacebook)havespentanaverageofonly$3.4bnayearonsub-$1bnacquisitionsoverthepastfiveyears—adropintheoceancomparedwiththeirmassivefinancialreserves,andthemorethan$130bnofventurecapitalthatwasinvestedintheUSlastyear.

However,criticssaythatthebigcompaniesusesuchdealstobuytheirmostthreateningpotentialcompetitorsbeforetheirbusinesseshaveachancetogainmomentum,insomecasesaspartofa“buyandkill”.tactictosimplyclosethemdown.

1.WhatistrueaboutWunderlistandsunriseaftertheiracquisitions（

）.

2.Microsoft’scriticsbelievethatthebigtechcompaniestendto

（

）

.

3.PaulArnoldisconcernedthatsmallacquisitionsmight（）.

4.TheUSFederalTradeCommissionintendto（）.

5.Forthefivebiggesttechcompanies,theirsmallacquisitionhave（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theirmarketvaluesdeclined

B.Theirtechfeaturesimproved

C.Theirengineerswereretained

D.Theirproductswerere-priced

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ignorepublicopinions

B.treatnewtechtalentunfairly

C.exaggeratetheirproductquality

D.eliminatetheirpotentialcompetitors

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.harmthenationaleconomy

B.worsenmarketcompetition

C.discouragestart-upinvestors

D.weakenbigtechcompanies

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.examinesmallacquisitions

B.limitBigTech'sexpansion

C.supervisestart-ups'operations

D.encourageresearchcollaboration

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.broughtlittlefinancialpressure

B.raisedfewmanagementchallenges

C.setanexampleforfuturedeals

D.generatedconsiderableprofits

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第二句Theirteamsofengineersstayedon,makingthemtwoofthemany“acqui-hires”thatthebiggestcompanieshaveusedtofeedtheirinsatiablehungerfortechtalent.（他們的工程師團(tuán)隊(duì)被保留下來，這使他們成為大型公司為滿足對科技人才的巨大需求而進(jìn)行的大量并購中的兩名。），說明Wunderlist和Sunrise被收購后，他們的工程師團(tuán)隊(duì)被保留了下來。因此C選項(xiàng)“他們的工程師被保留下來”正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們的市場價值下降了”，B選項(xiàng)“他們的技術(shù)特點(diǎn)得到了改善”，D選項(xiàng)“他們的產(chǎn)品被重新定價”在文中均沒有提及，所以A，B，D錯誤。

2.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第一句ToMicrosoft’scritics,thefatesofWunderlistandSunriseareexamplesofaremorselessdrivebyBigTechtochewupanyinnovativecompaniesthatlieintheirpath.（在微軟的批評者看來，Wunderlist和Sunrise的命運(yùn)表明，大型科技公司無情地想要摧毀任何擋在它們道路上的創(chuàng)新公司。），說明微軟的批評者認(rèn)為，大型科技公司往往會消滅他們的競爭對手。因此D選項(xiàng)“消滅他們潛在的競爭對手”正確。A選項(xiàng)“無視公眾意見”，B選項(xiàng)“不公平對待新技術(shù)人才”，C選項(xiàng)“夸大產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量”在文中均沒有提及，所以A，B，C錯誤。

3.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段Likeotherstart-upinvestors,Mr.Arnold’sownbusinessoftendependsonsellingstart-upstolargertechcompanies,thoughheadmitstomixedfeelingsabouttheresult:“Ithinkthesethingsaregoodforme,ifIputmyselfishhaton.ButaretheygoodfortheAmericaneconomy?Idon’tknow.”（和其他初創(chuàng)企業(yè)投資者一樣，阿諾德自己的業(yè)務(wù)也常常依賴于把初創(chuàng)企業(yè)賣給更大的科技公司，不過他承認(rèn)，對這樣的結(jié)果他也有復(fù)雜的感覺：“如果我自私自利的話，我覺得這些對我有好處。但它們對美國經(jīng)濟(jì)有好處嗎？我不知道。”），說明保羅?阿諾德?lián)?，小?guī)模的收購可能不利于國家經(jīng)濟(jì)。因此A選項(xiàng)“損害國家經(jīng)濟(jì)”正確。B選項(xiàng)“惡化市場競爭”，C選項(xiàng)“挫傷初創(chuàng)企業(yè)投資者的積極性”，D選項(xiàng)“削弱大型科技公司的實(shí)力”在文中均沒有提及，所以B，C，D錯誤。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第五段第一、二句TheUSFederalTradeCommissionsaysitwantstofindtheanswertothatquestion.Thisweek,itaskedthefivemostvaluableUStechcompaniesforinformationabouttheirmanysmallacquisitionsoverthepastdecade.（美國聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會表示希望找到這個問題的答案。本周，該機(jī)構(gòu)向美國市值最高的5家科技公司詢問了它們在過去10年進(jìn)行的許多小規(guī)模收購的相關(guān)信息。），說明美國聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會打算對小規(guī)模收購進(jìn)行調(diào)查。因此A選項(xiàng)“調(diào)查小規(guī)模收購”正確。B選項(xiàng)“限制大型科技公司的擴(kuò)張”，C選項(xiàng)“監(jiān)督初創(chuàng)企業(yè)的運(yùn)作”，D選項(xiàng)“鼓勵研究合作”在文中均沒有提及，所以B，C，D錯誤。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第六段第二句Betweenthem,thefivebiggesttechcompanies(Apple,Microsoft,Google,AmazonandFacebook)havespentanaverageofonly$3.4billionayearonsub-$1billionacquisitionsoverthepastfiveyears—adropintheoceancomparedwiththeirmassivefinancialreserves,andthemorethan$130billionofventurecapitalthatwasinvestedintheUSlastyear.（在過去五年中，這五家最大的科技公司平均每年只花費(fèi)34億美元用于不到10億美元的收購，與它們龐大的財(cái)務(wù)儲備，以及去年在美國投資的超過1300億美元的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)資本相比，這只是滄海一粟。），說明對于五家最大的科技公司來說，他們的小規(guī)模收購帶來的財(cái)務(wù)壓力很小。因此A選項(xiàng)“幾乎沒有帶來財(cái)政壓力”正確。B選項(xiàng)“幾乎沒有帶來管理上的挑戰(zhàn)”，C選項(xiàng)“為未來的交易樹立榜樣”，D選項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)造了可觀的利潤”在文中均沒有提及，所以B，C，D錯誤。

6.單選題

Ratsandotheranimalsneedtobehighlyattunedtosocialsignalsfromotherssotheycanidentifyfriendstocooperatewithandenemiestoavoid.Tofindoutifthisextendstonon-livingbeings,LolehQuinnattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,andhercolleaguestestedwhetherratscandetectsocialsignalsfromroboticrats.

Theyhousedeightadultratswithtwotypesofroboticrat—onesocialandoneasocial—forfourdays.

Therobotsratswerequiteminimalist,resemblingachunkierversionofacomputermousewithwheelstomovearoundandcolorfulmarkings.

Duringtheexperiment,thesocialrobotratfollowedthelivingratsaround,playedwiththesametoys,andopenedcageddoorstolettrappedratsescape.Meanwhile,theasocialrobotsimplymovedforwardsandbackwardsandsidetoside.

Next,theresearcherstrappedtherobotsincagesandgavetheratstheopportunitytoreleasethembypressingalever.

Across18trialseach,thelivingratswere52percentmorelikelyonaveragetosetthesocialrobotfreethantheasocialone.Thissuggeststhattheratsperceivedthesocialrobotasagenuinesocialbeing.Theymayhavebondedmorewiththesocialrobotbecauseitdisplayedbehaviorslikecommunalexploringandplaying.Thiscouldleadtotheratsbetterrememberinghavingfreeditearlier,andwantingtherobottoreturnthefavourwhentheygettrapped,saysQuinn.

Thereadinessoftheratstobefriendthesocialrobotwassurprisinggivenitsminimaldesign.Therobotwasthesamesizeasaregularratbutresembledasimpleplasticboxonwheels.“We’dassumedwe’dhavetogiveitsmovingheadandtail,facialfeatures,andputasceneonittomakeitsmelllikearealrat,butthatwasn’tnecessary,”saysJanetWilesattheUniversityofQueenslandinAustralia,whohelpedwiththeresearch.

Thefindingshowshowsensitiveratsaretosocialcues,evenwhentheycomefrombasicrobots.Similarly,childrentendtotreatrobotsasiftheyarefellowbeings,evenwhentheydisplayonlysimplesocialsignals.“Wehumansseemtobefascinatedbyrobots,anditturnsoutotheranimalsaretoo,”saysWiles.

（1）Quinnandhercolleaguesconductedatesttoseeifratscan（

）.

（2）Whatdidtheasocialrobotdoduringtheexperiment?

（3）AccordingtoQuinn,theratsreleasedthesocialrobotbecausethey（

）.

（4）JamesWilesnotesthatrats（

）.

（5）Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthatrats（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pickupsocialsignalsfromnon-livingrats

B.distinguishafriendlyratfromahostileone

C.attainsociabletraitsthroughspecialtraining

D.sendoutwarningmessagestotheirfellows

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itfollowedthesocialrobot.

B.Itplayedwithsometoys.

C.Itsetthetrappedratsfree.

D.Itmovedaroundalone.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.triedtopracticeameansofescape

B.expectedittodothesameinreturn

C.wantedtodisplaytheirintelligence

D.consideredthataninterestinggame

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.canrememberotherrat’sfacialfeatures

B.differentiatesmellsbetterthansizes

C.respondmoretoactionsthantolooks

D.canbescaredbyaplasticboxonwheels

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.appeartobeadaptabletonewsurroundings

B.aremoresociallyactivethanotheranimals

C.behavedifferentlyfromchildreninsocializing

D.aremoresensitivetosocialcuesthanexpected

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】（1）【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第一段Tofindoutifthisextendstonon-livingbeings,LolehQuinnattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,andhercolleaguestestedwhetherratscandetectsocialsignalsfromroboticrats.可知，為了確定這個結(jié)論是否適用于非生物，LolehQuinn和她的同事們測試了老鼠是否能探測到來自機(jī)器老鼠的社會信號。A選項(xiàng)符合原文含義，B選項(xiàng)“區(qū)分友好的老鼠和敵對的老鼠”在原文中并未提及。C選項(xiàng)“通過特殊訓(xùn)練獲得社會特征”和D選項(xiàng)“向同伴發(fā)出警告信息”在原文也未提及，屬于無中生有。因此，本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

（2）【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第三段Duringtheexperiment,thesocialrobotratfollowedthelivingratsaround,playedwiththesametoys,andopenedcageddoorstolettrappedratsescape.Meanwhile,theasocialrobotsimplymovedforwardsandbackwardsandsidetoside.可知，在試驗(yàn)中，具備社會性的機(jī)器鼠會跟著真老鼠四處移動，玩同樣的玩具，打開籠子門放出被困的老鼠。與此同時，非社會性機(jī)器鼠只是簡單地前后左右移動。因此，A、B、C選項(xiàng)均與原文不符，只有D項(xiàng)正確。

（3）【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第五段Thiscouldleadtotheratsbetterrememberinghavingfreeditearlier,andwantingtherobottoreturnthefavourwhentheygettrapped,saysQuinn.Quinn說：這可能會讓老鼠更好地記住早些時候把它放出來的事，并希望當(dāng)它們被困時，機(jī)器人能回報(bào)它們。B選項(xiàng)符合原文含義，而其余A、C、D選項(xiàng)在原文中均未提及，屬于無中生有。故本題正確答案為B項(xiàng)。

（4）【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文最后一段Wehumansseemtobefascinatedbyrobots,anditturnsoutotheranimalsaretoo,saysWiles.可知，Wiles說：我們?nèi)祟愃坪鯇C(jī)器人很著迷，事實(shí)證明其他動物對機(jī)器動物也是如此。綜合考慮四個選項(xiàng)，A選項(xiàng)表示“真老鼠能夠記住其他老鼠的面部特征”，與原文內(nèi)容不符；B選項(xiàng)表示“能夠更好地區(qū)分氣味，而非體型大小相比，與原文不符，屬于偷換概念。D選項(xiàng)表示“會被裝有輪子的塑料盒子嚇壞”，而原文是說機(jī)器鼠只是裝有輪子的塑料盒子，依然屬于偷換概念。再結(jié)合第七段前面部分的闡述可知C選項(xiàng)“對行動的反應(yīng)多于對外表的反應(yīng)”，與原文的表述類似，故本題正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

（5）【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨推斷題。利用排除法綜合考慮四個選項(xiàng)。A選項(xiàng)表示“似乎能適應(yīng)新環(huán)境”，未在原文提及，屬于無中生有。B選項(xiàng)表示“比其它動物更活躍”，原文只是說動物也會對機(jī)器同伴感興趣，屬于偷換概念。表示“在社交活動中表現(xiàn)得與孩子不同”，與原文內(nèi)容相反，屬于正反混淆。選項(xiàng)D表示“對社交線索比預(yù)期更敏感”，與原文Thefindingshowshowsensitiveratsaretosocialcues,evenwhentheycomefrombasicrobots.表達(dá)類似，因此D項(xiàng)為正確答案。

7.單選題

Youshouldn’tbeso（

）Ididn’tmeananythingbadinwhatIsaid.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sentimental

B.sensible

C.sensitive

D.sophisticated

【答案】C

8.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.

ItiseasytounderestimateEnglishwriterJamesHeniot.Hehadsuchapleasant,readablestylethatmightbethoughtthatanyonecouldimitateit.HowmanytimeshaveIheardpeoplesay,“Icouldwriteabook.Ijusthaven’tthetime.”Easilysaid.Notsoeasilydone.JamesHerriot,contrarytopopularopiniondidnotfinditeasyinhisearlydaysof,asheputit,“havingagoatthewritinggame”.Whileheobviouslyhadanabundanceofnaturaltalent,thefinalpolishedworkthathehadtotheworldwastheresultofyearsofpracticing,re-writingandreading.Likethemajorityofauthors,hehadtosuffermanydisappointmentsandrejectionsalongtheway,butthesemadehimallthemoredeterminedtosucceed.Everythingheachievedinlifewasearnedthehardwayandhissuccessintheliteracyfieldwasnoexception.

【答案】人們很容易低估英國作家詹姆斯?亨里奧特。他的作品讀起來令人愉悅且通俗易懂，容易讓任何讀到的人覺得可以模仿他的風(fēng)格。常聽人說，“我能寫一本書，我只是沒有時間?！边@句話說的輕松，但要做到并不容易。據(jù)他自己所說，與大家相反的是，詹姆斯?赫里歐在他寫作初期，“在寫作游戲中嘗試”并不容易。他顯然極具天賦，但他給世人留下的最終的、精雕細(xì)琢的作品是多年練習(xí)、重寫和閱讀的結(jié)果。和大多數(shù)作家一樣，他在寫作的過程中經(jīng)歷了許多失望和也遭受了許多次拒絕，但這些都使他更加堅(jiān)定了成功的決心。他一生中所取得的一切都是通過艱辛的努力換來的，他在文學(xué)領(lǐng)域的成功也不例外。

9.單選題

2020年下半年，隨著新冠病毒在全球范圍內(nèi)的肆虐及流感季節(jié)的到來，很多人擔(dān)心會出現(xiàn)大范圍流感和新冠疫情同時爆發(fā)的情況。但是有病毒學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，2009年甲型H1N1流感毒株出現(xiàn)時，自1977年以來一直傳播的另一種甲型流感病毒株消失了，由此他推測，人體同時感染新冠病毒和流感病毒的可能性應(yīng)該低于預(yù)期。

以下哪項(xiàng)如果為真，最能支持該病毒學(xué)家的推測?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.如果人們繼續(xù)接種流感疫苗，仍能降低同時感染這兩種病毒的幾率。

B.一項(xiàng)分析顯示，新冠肺炎患者中大約只有3%的人同時感染另一種病毒。

C.人體感染一種病毒后的幾周內(nèi)，其先天免疫系統(tǒng)的防御能力會逐步增強(qiáng)。

D.為避免感染新冠病毒，人們會減少室內(nèi)聚集、繼續(xù)佩戴口罩、保持社交距離和手部衛(wèi)生。

E.新冠病毒的感染會增加參與干擾素反應(yīng)的基因的活性，從而預(yù)防流感病毒在細(xì)胞內(nèi)進(jìn)行復(fù)制。

【答案】E

【解析】找到關(guān)鍵詞，討論主題一致

10.單選題

Iam（

）awareoftheneedtoobeythevalesofthecompetition

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.greatly

B.far

C.much

D.well

【答案】D

11.單選題

某醫(yī)學(xué)專家提出一種簡單的手指自我檢測法。將雙手放在眼前，把兩個食指的指甲那一面貼在一起，正常情況下應(yīng)該看到兩個指甲床之間有一個菱形的空間。如果看不到這個空間，則說明手指出現(xiàn)了杵狀改變，這是患有某種心臟或肺部疾病的跡象。該專家認(rèn)為。人們通過手指自我檢測，能快速判斷自己是否患有心臟或肺部疾病。

以下哪項(xiàng)如果為真，最能質(zhì)疑上述專家的論斷？

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.杵狀改變可能由多種肺部疾病引起，如肺纖維化、支氣管擴(kuò)張等，而且這種病變需要經(jīng)歷較長的一段過程。

B.杵狀改變不是癌癥的明確標(biāo)志，僅有不足40%的肺癌患者有杵狀改變。

C.杵狀改變檢測只能作為一種參考，不能用來替代醫(yī)生的專業(yè)判斷。

D.杵狀改變有兩個發(fā)展階段，第一個階段的畸變不是很明顯，不足以判斷人體是否有病變。

E.杵狀改變是手指末端軟組織積液造成，而積液是由于過量血液注入該區(qū)域?qū)е?，其?nèi)在機(jī)理仍然不明。

【答案】E

【解析】專家論述：手指自我檢測（手指杵狀改變），能快速判斷自己是否患有心臟或肺部疾病。要想削弱專家的論述，就要指出，杵狀改變還有其他的原因，而并非心臟或者肺部疾病。E項(xiàng)指出，杵狀改變是末端軟組織積液造成，削弱題干論點(diǎn)；后面積液的內(nèi)在機(jī)理不明，與論點(diǎn)無關(guān)，不用考慮。D項(xiàng)：第一個階段不足以判斷，，但是第二個階段什么情況沒有說清楚，無法削弱。正確答案為E。

12.單選題

Againstabackdropofdrasticchangesineconomyandpopulationstructure,youngerAmericansaredrawinganew21st-centuryroadmaptosuccess,alatestpollhasfound.

Acrossgenerationallines,Americanscontinuetoprizemanyofthesametraditionalmilestonesofasuccessfullife,includinggettingmarried,havingchildren,owningahome,andretiringintheirsixties.Butwhileyoungandoldmostlyagreeonwhatconstitutesthefinishlineofafulfillinglife,theyofferstrikinglydifferentpathsforreachingit.

Youngpeoplewhoarestillgettingstartedinlifeweremorelikelythanolderadultstoprioritizepersonalfulfillmentintheirwork,tobelievetheywilladvancetheircareersmostbyregularlychangingjobs,tofavorcommunitieswithmorepublicservicesandafasterpaceoflife,toagreethatcouplesshouldbefinanciallysecurebeforegettingmarriedorhavingchildren,andtomaintainthatchildrenarebestservedbytwoparentsworkingoutsidethehome,thesurveyfound.

Fromcareertocommunityandfamily,thesecontrastssuggestthatintheaftermathofthesearingGreatRecession,thosejuststartingoutinlifearedefiningprioritiesandexpectationsthatwillincreasinglyspreadthroughvirtuallyallaspectsofAmericanlife,fromconsumerpreferencestohousingpatternstopolitics.

Youngandoldconvergeononekeypoint:Overwhelmingmajoritiesofbothgroupssaidtheybelieveitisharderforyoungpeopletodaytogetstartedinlifethanitwasforearliergenerations.Whileyoungerpeoplearesomewhatmoreoptimisticthantheireldersabouttheprospectsforthosestartingouttoday,bigmajoritiesinbothgroupsbelievethose“justgettingstartedinlife”faceatougheragood-payingjob,startingafamily,managingdebt,andfindingaffordablehousing.

PeteSchneiderconsiderstheclimbtoughertoday.Schneider,a27-yaear-oldautotechnicianfromtheChicagosuburbssayshestruggledtofindajobaftergraduatingfromcollege.Evennowthatheisworkingsteadily,hesaid.”Ican’taffordtopaymymonthlymortgagepaymentsonmyown,soIhavetorentroomsouttopeopletomarkthathappen.”Lookingback,heisstruckthathisparentscouldprovideacomfortablelifefortheirchildreneventhoughneitherhadcompletedcollegewhenhewasyoung.“Istillgrewupinanuppermiddle-classhomewithparentswhodidn’thavecollegedegrees,”Schneidersaid.“Idon’tthinkpeoplearecapableofthatanymore.”

1.Onecross-generationmarkofasuccessfullifeis（

）.

2.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph3thatyoungpeopletendto

（

）.

3.Theprioritiesandexpectationsdefinedbytheyoungwill

（

）.

4.Bothyoungandoldagreethat

（

）.

5.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutSchneider?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tryingoutdifferentlifestyles

B.havingafamilywithchildren

C.workingbeyondretirementage

D.settingupaprofitablebusiness

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.favoraslowerlifepace

B.holdanoccupationlonger

C.attachimportancetopre-maritalfinance

D.giveprioritytochildcareoutsidethehome

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.becomeincreasinglyclear

B.focusonmaterialisticissues

C.dependlargelyonpoliticalpreferences

D.reachalmostallaspectsofAmericanlife

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.good-payingjobsarelessavailable

B.theoldmademorelifeachievements

C.housingloanstodayareeasytoobtain

D.gettingestablishedisharderfortheyoung

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Hefoundadreamjobaftergraduatingfromcollege.

B.Hisparentsbelieveworkingsteadilyisamustforsuccess.

C.Hisparents’goodlifehaslittletodowithacollegedegree.

D.Hethinkshisjobasatechnicianquitechallenging.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第二段首句說到“Acrossgenerationallines,Americanscontinuetoprizemanyofthesametraditionalmilestonesofasuccessfullife,includinggettingmarried,havingchildren,owningahome,andretiringintheirsixties”，跨越幾代人，美國人仍然珍視許多相同的成功人生的傳統(tǒng)里程碑，包括結(jié)婚、生子、擁有自己的房子，以及在60多歲退休。milestones對應(yīng)題干中的mark，后面列舉的幾項(xiàng)就是成功人生的跨代標(biāo)志。對比選項(xiàng)可得B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.判斷推理題。第三段全段就是在說年輕人開始生活時的一些傾向“werelikelyto……”，句中有五個不定式短語表示不同的傾向，一一對比發(fā)現(xiàn)第四個短語“同意夫妻在結(jié)婚或生孩子之前應(yīng)該有經(jīng)濟(jì)上的保障”與C選項(xiàng)“重視婚前的經(jīng)濟(jì)情況”相符合，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干中關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第四段，本段說到“…thosejuststartingoutinlifearedefiningprioritiesandexpectationsthatwillincreasinglyspreadthroughvirtuallyallaspectsofAmericanlife…”，那些剛剛開始生活的人正在確定優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)和期望，這些優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)和期望將越來越廣泛地滲透到美國生活的各個方面。也就是說，由年輕人定義的生活主次和人生愿景將幾乎觸及美國人生活的各個方面，D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第五段第一二句都說到年輕人和長者的觀點(diǎn)，第一句說到“itisharderforyoungpeopletodaytogetstartedinlife”,現(xiàn)在的年輕人起步很艱難；第二句說到“…those“justgettingstartedinlife”faceatougheragood-payingjob,startingafamily,managingdebt,andfindingaffordablehousing”，剛起步的年輕人要安家更難。對比選項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)D選項(xiàng)“對年輕人來說安家立業(yè)變得更難”恰好是以上兩點(diǎn)綜述。

5.判斷推理題。Schneider出現(xiàn)在文章最后一段。A選項(xiàng)對應(yīng)文章第二句，說到他大學(xué)畢業(yè)后好不容易才找到一份工作，但并未提及這份工作是否是他夢想的工作，因此排除A選項(xiàng)；B選項(xiàng)“他的父母認(rèn)為穩(wěn)定的工作是成功所必需的”這一點(diǎn)在文章沒有直接提現(xiàn)，因此排除；C選項(xiàng)對應(yīng)第四、五句，這里說到他父母均沒有上過大學(xué)，但子女能在一個中上階層的家庭長大，過著舒適的生活，說明他父母的舒適生活與大學(xué)文憑幾乎無關(guān)，C選項(xiàng)正是對這兩句的概述總結(jié)；D選項(xiàng)對應(yīng)第二句，文中說到他大學(xué)畢業(yè)后很艱難才找到第一份工作，并沒有說這份工作怎樣，排除D選項(xiàng)。C選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Theeldestson（

）allthefamilymemberstodiscusshowtocelebratethe50thweddinganniversaryoftheirparents.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Clustered

B.resembled

C.assembled

D.rendered

【答案】C

14.翻譯題

Anartmuseumdirectorwithforesightmightfollowtrendsincomputergraphicstomakeexhibitmoreappealingtoyoungervisitor.

Forinstances,capablecorporatemanagermightseealarmingriseinlocalhousingpricethatcouldaffectavailabilityofskilledworkersintheregion.

Peopleingovernmentalsoneedforesighttokeepsystemrunningsmoothly,toplaybudgetandpreventwar.

Manyofthebestknowntechniqueforforesightweredevelopedbygovernmentplanner,especiallyinthemilitary,thinkingabouttheunthinkable.

Thefuturistrecognizedthatthefutureworldiscontinuingwithpresetworld.Wecanlearnagreatdealaboutwhatmanyhappeninthefuturebylookingsystematicallyatwhatishappynow.

【答案】一位有遠(yuǎn)見的藝術(shù)博物館館長可能會緊跟電腦繪圖的潮流,使展覽對年輕游客更具吸引力。

例如,一個有能力的公司經(jīng)理可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)?shù)胤績r的一次急劇上漲不利于在這個地區(qū)招募熟練工人。

政府官員也需要有遠(yuǎn)見,以保持整個體系平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行,制定預(yù)算以及防止戰(zhàn)爭。

許多知名的有遠(yuǎn)見的技術(shù)由政府規(guī)劃者開發(fā),尤其在軍隊(duì)中,“敢于去想不可想象的事”就是一例。

未來學(xué)家意識到,未來世界是現(xiàn)今世界的延續(xù),因此通過系統(tǒng)地觀察現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事,我們能了解到很多未來可能發(fā)生的事。

15.寫作題

WriteyouressayonANSWERSHEET.

Youshould

1)interpretthechart,and

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150words.

【答案】Accordingtothedataofthechart,itcanbeseenthatthenumberofmuseuminChinahasbeenonasteadyrise.Intheyearof2013,thenumberofmuseumwasabout416.5million.However,in2015,thenumberwentupto467.9million.Inaddition,thefigureofvisitorshadjumpedfrom637millionto781millionduringthesameperiod.

Whydosomanypeopleliketomuseum?Therearetwomainreasonstoexplainthisphenomenon.Firstly,museumisaperfectplaceforpeopletolearnaboutthehistoryandcultureofacertaincountryorplace.Secondly,moreandmorefamilychoosemuseumtospendtheirleisuretimetogether,forfreeoratanaffordableprice.

Insummary,peoplelovevisitingmuseumsbecausetheywanttoknowmoreabouttheirownplace.Anditalsoawayforparentstohelpteachandeducatetheirchildreninavarioussubjects.

16.單選題

About20ofthepassengerswhowereinjuredinaplanecrasharesaidtobein（

）condition.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.decisive

B.urgent

C.vital

D.critical

【答案】C

17.單選題

Itlookedjustlikeanotheraircraftfromtheoutside.Thepilottoldhisyoungpassengersthatitwasbuiltin1964.Butappearancesweredeceptiveandthe13studentsfromEuropeandtheUSAwhoboardedtheaircraftwereinfortheflightoftheirlives.

Insidetheareathatnormallyhadseatshadbecomealongwhitetunnel.Heavilypadded(填塞)fromfloortoceilingitlookedabitstrange.Therewerealmostnowindows,butlightsalongthepaddedwallsilluminatedit.Mostoftheseatshadbeentakenoutapartfromafewatthebackwheretheyoungscientistsquicklytooktheirplaceswithalookoffear.

For12months,sciencestudentsfromacrossthecontinentshadcompetedtowinaplaceontheflightattheinvitationoftheEuropeanSpaceAgency.thechallengehadbeentosuggestimaginativeexperimentstobeconductedinweightlessconditions.

Forthenexttwohourstheflightresembledthatofanenormousbirdwhichhadloseitsreason,shootingupwardstowardstheheavensbeforerushingtowardsEarth.TheinventionwastoAchieveweightlessnessforafewseconds.

Theaircrafttookoffsmoothlyenough.ButanyfeelingsthatIandtheyoungscientistshadthatwewereonanythinglikeascheduledpas