新視野大學英語讀寫教程第三版unit 3 講義

授課班級：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿授課教師：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿I.Warming-upActivities1.PreviewandLead-in(p60)1).Whataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeachwayofteachingandlearning?TraditionalclassroomAdvantages:·moredirectcommunicationbetweenteachersandstudents;·abetterlearningatmosphere.Disadvantages:·littleinteractioneitheramongstudentsorbetweenstudentsandtheteacher;·teacherstendingtodominatetheclass;·writingonblackboardreducingefficiency.MultimediaclassroomAdvantages:·morevividteachingmaterials;·studentsbetterengagedinclassroomlearning.Disadvantages:·toomanydistractionswithtoomanypicturesandvideosinmultimediaclassrooms.StudyingonlineinthedormAdvantages:·beingabletochoosewhenandwhatyouwanttolearn;·easyaccesstothewiderangeofonlineinformationDisadvantages:·makingiteasierforstudentstocopyanswersfromtheInternet;·lackofface-to-facecommunicationbetweentheteacherandstudent;·thepossibilityforstudentstodevelopInternetaddiction.2).Whichwaydoyouprefer?Giveyourreasons.Ipreferthemultimediawayoflearning:·itisvividwithteachingmaterialspresentedindifferentways·Comparedwithtraditionalclassroom,itismoreinteresting.Iprefertostudyonline:·managemyowntime·havemyownproperties·dothingsatmyownpace3).DoyouthinktheInternetisindispensableinteachingandlearningnowadays?Whyorwhynot?TheInternetisindispensable:·getaccesstothelatestdevelopmentofteachingandlearning;·enjoymanyinterestingonlinecourses·communicatewithteachersafterclassTheInternetisnotindispensable:·teachingandlearninghavebeencarriedoutlongbeforetheInternetcameintobeing;·teachingandlearningcouldsurelycontinuewithouttheInternet.22.BackgroundInformation教參p)Wi-FiWi-Fi(orWiFi)isalocalareawirelesstechnologythatallowsanelectronicdevicetoparticipateincomputernetworking.Itisdefinedasany“wirelesslocalareanetwork(WLAN)productbasedontheInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers’(IEEE)802.11standards”.However,theterm“WiFi”isusedingeneralEnglishasasynonymfor“WLAN”sincemostmodernWLANsarebasedonthesestandards.ManymoderndevicescanuseWi-Fi,e.g.personalcomputers,video-gameconsoles,smartphones,digitalcameras,tabletsanddigitalaudioplayers.ThesecanconnecttoanetworkresourcesuchastheInternetviaawirelessnetworkaccesspoint.Suchanaccesspoint(orhotspot)cancoveranareaassmallasasingleroomwithwallsthatblockradiowaves,oraslargeasmanysquarekilometersbyusingmultipleoverlappingaccesspoints.Wi-Fiallowscheaperdeploymentoflocalareanetworks(LANs).SpaceswherecablescannotberuncanalsohostwirelessLANs.Manufacturersarebuildingwirelessnetworkadaptersintomostlaptops.ThepriceofchipsetsforWi-Ficontinuestodrop,makingitaneconomicalnetworkingoptionincludedinevenmoredevices.Differentcompetitivebrandsofaccesspointsandclientnetworkinterfacescaninter-operateatabasiclevelofservice.ManytraditionaluniversitycampusesinthedevelopedworldprovideatleastpartialWi-Ficoverage.CarnegieMellonUniversitybuiltthefirstcampus-widewirelessInternetNetworkatitsPittsburghcampusin1993.ByFebruary1997theCMUWi-Fizonewasfullyoperational.ManyuniversitiescollaborateinprovidingWi-Fiaccesstostudentsandstaffthroughtheeduroam(educationroaming)internationalauthenticationinfrastructure.LaptopAlaptop(alsoknownasanotebook)isaportablepersonalcomputerdesignedformobileusesmallenoughtositonone’slap.Alaptopismadeupofalargenumberofcomponentsthatallmustfunctionwellinorderforyourcomputerexperiencetobecomplete,whichincludeadisplay,akeyboard,apointingdevice(atouchpad,alsoknownasatrackpad,and/orapointingstick),speakers,aswellasabattery,intoasinglesmallandlightunit.Mostlaptopsaredesignedintheflipformfactortoprotectthescreenandthekeyboardwhentheyareclosed.Andmodern“tablet”laptopshaveacomplexjointbetweenthekeyboardhousingandthedisplay,permittingthedisplaypaneltotwistandthenlayflatonthekeyboardhousing.Theyusuallyhaveatouchscreendisplayandsomeincludehandwritingrecognitionorgraphicsdrawingcapability.Laptopswereoriginallyconsideredtobe“asmallnichemarket”andwerethoughtsuitablemostlyfor“specializedfieldapplications”suchas“themilitary,theInternalRevenueService,accountantsandsalesrepresentatives”.Buttoday,therearealreadymorelaptopsthandesktopsinbusinesses,andlaptopsarebecomingobligatoryforstudentuseandmorepopularforgeneraluse.SmartphoneAsmartphone(orsmartphone)isamobilephonewithanoperatingsystem.ThemajorityofsmartphonesrunonAppleiOSorGoogleAndroid,andmanyothersuse3WindowsPhoneorBlackBerryOS.Smartphonestypicallyincludethefeaturesofaphonewiththoseofotherpopularmobiledevices,suchaspersonaldigitalassistantsandGPSnavigationunits.Usuallytheyhaveatouchscreeninterfaceandcanrun3rd-partyapps.Withasmartphone,onecannotonlymakephonecalls,butalsosendandreceiveemails,andeditOfficedocuments.Butwhatmakessmartphonessopopularisthattheycanaccessthewebathigherspeeds,thankstothegrowthof3Gand4Gdatanetworks,aswellastheWi-Fisupport.Butasthetechnologyisconstantlychanging,whatconstitutesasmartphonetodaymaychangebynextweek,nextmonth,ornextyear.Staytuned!3.Pre-readingActivities(Compounddictation)1)ThisistheVOASpecialEnglishEducationReport.Butitalsodependsontheinterestand___________oftheteachers,andthegoalsandbudgetsoftheschools.Schoolsarealmostall_____________totheInternet.Butsomehavemoretechnology,anduseitmore,thanothers.Forexample,someschoolsusecomputersfor_____________likevideoconferencing,tobringtheworldintotheclassroom.Andsomeclassrooms___________________thingslikeaSmartBoard,akindofinteractivewhiteboard.Interactivewhiteboardsarelarge___________forpresentations.Theyconnecttoacomputerandcan___________bytouch.Theycanbeusedfordocumentsorwritingorto________video.Someteachersaretrying_________newwaystoteachwithdeviceslikeiPodsandmobilephones.Buteducatorssaythemostimportantthing,asalways,isthe________.2)YouarelisteningtoAsItIs,fromVOALearningEnglish.I’mCatherineCole.Americancollegesarefacingwhatsomepeoplearecallinga“______________”ofproblems.Collegecostsarerising,andtherearenotenoughjobsforallthestudentscompletingstudyprograms.Yet___________saytheycannotfindenoughworkerswithtechnicalskills.Findingasolutiontotheseproblemscanbedifficult.But,asAviArdittireports,onesolutionmaybefoundinthe___________numberandqualityofonlineclasses.Suchclassesmight____________collegesthewaytheInternethasalreadychangedmusic,publishing,salesandotherbusinesses.Atmostcolleges,aprofessoror___________________givesalecturetostudents,whothendoresearch,study,andhomeworkalone.Studentand__________JohnHabersaysonlineclasseschangeeverythingaround.“They’rewatchingthelecturesathomeashomework,recordedlectures,andthenwhentheyettoclass,they’rehavingmoreactivediscussions,or______________withtheteachersorworkingonprojects.”Expertssaythenewtechnologywillhaveamajoreffectoncolleges.Some4predictfutureclassesmaybea__________ofonlinelecturesandprofessorshelpingstudentsworkthroughdifficultproblemsinperson.GeorgetownUniversity_________________TonyCarnevalesayshewouldwelcomethesechanges.Hesaysacollegeeducationhastobeless_________andleadtoskillsneededbyemployers.I’mAviArditti.I’mCatherineCole.That’sourshowfortoday.4.Topic-centeredstudyofnewwordsandtheiruse1.Uponcompletionofthiscourse,thesuccessfulstudentwillbeabletowritea____________Androidapp.2.Discussionsforthisyear’s_________arelikelytoincludehigherfuelcharges.3.Iusedtohavea__________aboutmylooks.4.Janewaspartofateamthathadstruggledhardtofinishadifficult____________.5.Hercenteris__________ofmanyacrossthecountry–anon-profitorganizationthatcaresforabout50children.6.Thosewhohavean____________complexfeelthattheyareoflessworthorimportancethanothers.7.Hisgoodpersonalitymadehimpopularwithhis________.8.Thisinexpensiveartprojectoriseasytouse,lightinweight,__________andgivesasharpimage.9.Pleasesitdownand_________whyyoufeelsoupset.10.Thehoteloffersahighstandardofserviceatvery____________rates.II.VocabularyStudy1.transformvt.使改觀，使變形，使轉(zhuǎn)化Theyweretryingtheirbesttotransformtheiruniversityintoatopschoolinthecountry.Increasedpopulationhastransformedthelandscape.transformationn.Inrecentyears,themovieindustryhasundergoneadramatictransformation.近些年，電影業(yè)經(jīng)歷了巨大的變革。transformern.Itisalsothenameofamovie,doyouknow?2.typicala.典型的；有代表性的typicalBritishweather典型的英國天氣Thispaintingistopicalofhiswork.這幅畫是他的典型作品Thisadvertisementisatypicalexampleoftheirmarketingstrategy.這則廣告是他們營銷策略的一個典型例子。3.accessn.享用權(quán)，享用機會，可以進入have/get/gainaccesstoStudentsandfacultyintheuniversityhavefreeaccesstothecomputerlab.大學的學生和教職員工可以免費使用那個機房。Thepolicemanagedtogainaccesstotheroomthroughanupstairswidow.5accessiblea.Theislandisonlyaccessiblebyboat.4.responsen.1.回答，答復2.反應，響應Wewrotetothemanagertocomplainaboutthepoorservice,butreceivednoresponse.我們給經(jīng)歷寫信投訴服務差，但還沒得到回復。Whenheheardthenews,hisresponsewasjustaslightofshakeofthehead.當他聽到這個消息的時候，他的反應只是微微地搖了搖頭。respondv.Daviddidn’trespondtoanyofheremails.Shehasrespondedwelltothetreatment.5.analyze/sev.分析，剖析Theteacheranalyzedourmistakesinordertohelpusfindthecauses.老師分析了我們的錯誤，以幫助我們找到出錯的原因。Shestillneedstoanalyzethedata.Thecellsamplesareanalyzedbyalab.analysisn.bloodanalysis血液分析Theyweredoingsometypeofstatisticalanalysis.analystn.6.adoptv.1.采用，采納，采取2.領(lǐng)養(yǎng)Ifyouwanttoimproveyoursituation,youmustadoptapositiveattitude.如果你想改善當前的處境，你必須采取積極的態(tài)度。Heisheartbrokenoverthisearthquakeandhewouldliketoadoptanorphanfromthearea.這次地震讓他感到心碎，他想從這個地區(qū)收養(yǎng)一名孤兒?！颈妗縜daptv.使適應；改編Weshouldlearntoadapttothisnewenvironmentassoonaspossible7.regulatev.1.控制，管理2.調(diào)整，校準，調(diào)節(jié)Legalandeconomicmeasuresshouldbetakentoregulatethefoodindustry.必須采取法律和經(jīng)濟手段來管理食品行業(yè)。Peoplesweattoregulatetheirbodyheat.Canyouregulatethepaceofthewatchsothatitkeepsgoodtime?regulationn.theregulationofpublicspending對公共支出的管理Underthenewregulations,allstaffmusthavesafetytraining.8.budgetn.預算v.做預算；安排awelfareprogramwithabudgetof&2million預算為200萬美元的福利計劃。Theyarepreparingthecompany’sadvertisingbudgetfornextyear.他們正在做公司明年的廣告預算。on/withinbudget在預算內(nèi)under/overbudget低于/超出預算onabudget錢不多的familiesonatightbudget經(jīng)濟拮據(jù)的家庭We’llhavetobudgetmorecarefully.們必須更仔細地安排開支。69.estimatev.估計，估算n.估計，估算Withsomanyvariables,itisverydifficulttoestimatetheexactcostofthisproject.由于有這么多的可變因素，所以很難估算出這個項目的確切成本。give/makeanestimate作估計arough/approximateestimate粗略/大致估計anaccurate/reliableestimate準確/可靠估計estimateda.Everyyearanestimatedfivemillionchildrenundertheageoffivedieofnutrition-relatedcauses.每年估計有近500萬五歲以下的兒童死于營養(yǎng)不良。pensatev.補償，彌補；賠償Dotakecareofyourself.Nothingcancompensateforthelossofone’shealth.要照顧好自己，失去了健康什么都無法彌補。Theinsurancecompanywillcompensateyouaccordingtothepolicyforwhateverlossyousuffered.保險公司會按照條例賠償你的任何損失。compensationn.Shereceivedcompensationfromthegovernmentforthedamagecausedtoherproperty.她得到了政府給她的財產(chǎn)損失補償金。III.TextLearningTextAnalysisLanguagePoints1.Sentencepattern:X,longaplace/thingofY,isbeingtransformedintoZ;whereX,Y,andZarevariablesthatvaryfromcontexttocontext.表述事物的變遷”Inthiscontext,X=“thesmallisland”,Y=“utterdesolation”,andZ=“apopularholidaythankstothelocalendeavor.Sothenewdeclarativeknowledgearisesasfollows:Thesmallisland,longaplaceofutterdesolation,isbeingtransformedintoapopularholidayresortthankstothelocalgovernment’sendeavor.。Inthiscontext,X=“thisclub”,Y=“onlysociablegathering”,andZ=“asourceofinnovation”undertheinfluenceofthescholar.Sothenewdeclarativeknowledgearisesasfollows:Thisclub,longaplaceofonlysociablegathering,isbeingtransformedintoasourceofinnovationundertheinfluenceofthescholar.2.lessthaninteresting/honest/helpful,etc.這個學院的管理不盡如人意。Themanagementofthecollegeislessthansatisfactory.3.betiedtosth.被某事物束縛約束/1）.我們的經(jīng)濟和進出口緊密相關(guān)。2）.許多年輕母親被孩子和家庭所牽絆71）.Oureconomyiscloselytiedtoimportandexport.2）.Manyyoungmothersaretiedtothehomeandchildren4.addtosth.淡色的木地板和充足的自然光平添幾分輕松地氛圍。palewoodenfloors;plentyofnaturallight;therelaxingatmospherePalewoodenfloorsandplentyofnaturallightaddtotherelaxingatmosphere.5.Sentencepattern:ForX,Yisthefuel/stimulusof/toZ;whereX,Y,andZarevariablesthatvaryfromcontexttocontext.對于Intel公司而言，創(chuàng)新是前行的動力。Inthiscontext,X=“IntelCorporation”,Y=“innovation”,andZ=“forwardmotion”.Sothenewdeclarativeknowledgearisesasfollows:ForIntelCorporation,innovationisthefuelof/toforwardmotion.Inthiscontext,X=“millionsofmigrantlabors”,Y=“familyreunionduringtheSpringFestival”,andZ=“theirtravelingalongjourneytoarrivehomeontime”.Sothenewdeclarativeknowledgearisesasfollows:Formillionsofmigrantlaborers,familyreunionduringtheSpringFestivalisthestimulustotheirtravelingalongjourneytoarrivehomeontime.6.visitwithsb.跟孩子聊天時，最好說一些輕松愉快的話題。kids;itisbettertodosth.;keepthingspleasantandcheerfulWhenyouvisitwithkids,itisbettertokeepthingspleasantandcheerful.7.Sentencepattern:XshouldnotletYtake/steeritawayfromZ;whereX,Y,andZarevariablesthatvaryfromcontexttocontext.Inthiscontext,X=“one”,Y=“materialinsufficiency”,andZ=“spiritualwealth”.Sothenewdeclarativeknowledgearisesasfollows:Oneshouldnotletmaterialinsufficiencytakehim/herawayfromspiritualwealth.Inthiscontext,X=“youngsters”,Y=“smartphones”,andZ=“thebeautifulworldaroundthem”.Sothenewdeclarativeknowledgearisesasfollows:Youngstersshouldnotletsmartphonessteerthemawayfromthebeautifulworldaroundthem.8.takethelead1).主席做事總是一馬當先，深受廣大群眾信任。(takethelead/deeplytrusted/themasses)Thechairmanalwaystakestheleadineverythingandisdeeplytrustedbythemasses.2).休斯頓火箭隊本賽季首次領(lǐng)先。TheHustonRocketstooktheleadforthefirsttimethisseason.9.accountfor1).占，占據(jù)據(jù)調(diào)查，去年到迪士尼的游客中，學生和兒童的人數(shù)占了半數(shù)以上。Accordingtothesurvey,studentsandchildrenaccountedformorethan50%ofthevisitorstoDisneylandlastyear.2).是…的原因；引起；導致警察正盡力弄清楚該地區(qū)犯罪率高的原因。8Thepolicearetryingtofindoutwhataccountsforthehighrateofcrimeinthisarea.3).解釋；說明你能說明一下你那晚都有哪些活動嗎？Canyouaccountforyouractivitiesonthatnight?10.Arecentstudy/research/experimentfound/discovered/indicatedthat…達“”最近的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與動物進行積極的互動能降低一個人的血壓。(interactwith/active/lower/bloodpressure)Arecentresearchdiscoveredthatinteractingwithanimalsinanactivewaymayloweraperson’sbloodpressure.11.fireoff1).在你作出憤怒的回應之前，先聽我說。我所講的事實也許會改變你的想法。Beforeyoufiroffanangryresponse,listentome,andthefactsmightchangeview.your2).剛過午夜時有人開槍，真是恐怖！Someonefiredoffgunsrightaftermidnightandthatwasreallyscary.12.inferioritycomplex自卑感對你非常有害，它是成功路上最大的障礙。Aninferioritycomplexisveryharmfultoyouandisthegreatestobstacletosuccess.13.Sentencepattern:ThefocusonXprepares/conditionsY(better)forZ;whereX,Y,andZarevariablesthatvaryfromcontexttocontext.應用提示]對事物關(guān)系的闡釋專注科技進步會使我們?yōu)槿蘸蟪晒ψ龊酶浞值臏蕚?。Thefocusontheprogressofscienceandtechnologywillprepareusbetterforsuccessintimetocome.始于20世紀90年代末的對能效的專注使這家汽車制造商為長期成長做好了準備。Inthiscontext,X=“energyefficiency”,Y=“theautomaker”,andZ=“l(fā)ong-term始于20世紀90年代末：asstartedinthelate1990s.Sothenewdeclarativegrowth”;knowledgearisesasfollows:Thefocusonenergyefficiency,asstartedinthelate1990s,conditionedtheautomakerforlong-termgrowth.14.keepupwith1.如果你沒跟上時代，時代也不會等你。failtodosth.;thetimes;refusetowaitforsb.Ifyoufailtokeepupwiththetimes,thetimeswillrefusetowaitforyou.2.現(xiàn)在的年輕人可以通過更多的方式和朋友們保持聯(lián)系。(means/keepupwithwith)Youngpeoplenowhavemoreandmoremeanstokeepupwiththeirfriends.15.atadisadvantage許多學生擔心，他們要參加工作時英語不夠琉璃會成為一個劣勢。fear;whenenteringtheworkforce;withoutsufficientfluencyinEnglishManystudentsfearthattheywillbeatadisadvantagewhenenteringtheworkforcewithoutsufficientfluencyinEnglish.16.standout9如果你能證明自己精通寫作，就很有可能在求職者中脫穎而出。proveoneselfproficientinwriting;bemorethanlikelytodosth.;jobcandidatesIfyoucanproveyourselfproficientinwriting,youaremorethanlikelytostandoutfromotherjobcandidates.17.feverpitch極度興奮狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到比賽結(jié)束。Excitementremainedatfeverpitchuntiltheendofthegame.18.Sentencepattern:Therace/competitiontodoXwithYhasreachedfeverpitch;whereXandYarevariablesthatvaryfromcontexttocontext,while“do”standsforandverbavailableinthegivencontext.競爭已經(jīng)達到白熱化狀態(tài)。TheraceamonguniversitiestoattractinternationalstudentswithmorespecializedprogramsandlowertuitioncostshasreachedfeverpitchinmanyEuropeancountries.Thecompetitiontodrawmoreuserswithabetterexperiencehasreachedfeverpitchamongmainstreammobileoperatingsystems.19.setup去年下崗后，他開了自己的雜貨店，現(xiàn)在他的生意很興隆。Afterhewaslaidofflastyear,hesetuphisowngrocerystore,andhisbusinessisthrivingnow.20.inlargepart這些年來，聯(lián)想的發(fā)展和成功很大程度上歸功于其文化。growthandsuccess;overtheyears;duetoLenovo’sgrowthandsuccessovertheyearshasbeendue,inlargepart,toitsculture.21.Sentencepattern:Withthewidespreadapplicationof…/Withthefast/rapiddevelopmentof…“”隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的迅猛發(fā)展和廣泛應用，網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息安全問題變得越來越嚴峻。(seriousness/informationsecurity/ontherise)WiththerapiddevelopmentandwidespreadapplicationofInternet,theseriousnessofInternetinformationsecurityisontherise.TextQuestions1.Canyoufindoutthecommonpointoftheseabovemissingwords?(Para.1)digitaltechnologyConclusion:collegecampus→transforminto→digitalcampus2.Thecollegetodayisbeingtransformedinto_____________________byafleetoflaptops,smartphonesandInternetconnection24hoursaday.3.Howdostudentsusenewtechnologiesinandoutofclass?(Para.2)4.HowdostudentsfeelaboutwirelessInternetaccess?(Para.4)“IalwaysfeellikeIhave__________________________________10―inclassandoutofclass,”saysonebiologymajor.5.Canyousupplysomespecificexamplesonhowtheteachersandstudentsusenewtechnology?(Para.5)6.Whyisnon-stopInternetconnectionbecomingindispensableforthestorageandmanagementoftheinformation?Whatistheadviceofferedbythewriter?(Para.6)Reasons:·todohomework·reviewlectureonline·takepartinclassdiscussionsAdvice:·donotmaketheInternetjustyourtoyorlettheonlineworldtakeyouawayfromtherealworld7.Howfasthasinformationtechnologydevelopedoncampus?(Para.7)manybeganwiringdormswithhigh-speedmid-1990sconnectionsschoolshavetakentheleadbyturningtheircampusesintobubblesofWi-Finetworkspastyearsfew8.Whatdidtheuniversitiesdoinordertomaintaintheircompetitiveadvantage?(Paras.8-11)9.Listentothetape,fillinthemissingwordsofthefollowingparagraph.Collegesaroundtheworldhavebeen_____________theircomputersystemsforthepastdecade,inlargeparttoprovidestudentswiththe_______________________.Theanywhere-anytimeaccesshasalready______________________ineducation.Withthe____________________ofcomputertec