第一講高中教學(xué)英語閱讀理解事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

第一講高中授課英語閱讀理解事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題第一講高中授課英語閱讀理解事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題第一講高中授課英語閱讀理解事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題閱讀第1講事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題理解是高考英理解中占比重最大的一型,的理解。主要who,what,which,why,how,when,where文章中某一特定的,也可能涉及若干個(gè)。

旨在考考生事等來提,可能只【考綱解讀】從近幾年施的考來看，不是數(shù)量增加，而且度也稍有增加，表：答案需要跨段落采集信息；目置序與全文序不一致；目信息與原文信息表達(dá)方式不一致。以考言運(yùn)用能力主，考言知，考的重點(diǎn)將向篇能力的運(yùn)用方面斜，要求考生運(yùn)用自己的合能力和知構(gòu)去解?！久}規(guī)律】考理解文章主要的，命人一般都是通文章加以改寫來考正確理解的能力。有可能是直接理解，但多數(shù)情況下是接理解。要求在理解的基上，通思將理解的內(nèi)容系化，條理化，比方算，排序，等。【命題趨勢】事呈增加。目將由的找信息向多次推理合，答案需要跨段落采集信息，考事的不太多。【?？键c(diǎn)清單】ofthefollowingistrue/false/mentioneddoesthewriterpayleastattentiontotherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassageofthefollowingstatementsmaybetrue/falseexceptofthefollowingisnottheresultof?.

?..【重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)】語義變換[技巧點(diǎn)

]然的答案一般可以在文章中直接或接地找到,確是幾乎沒有的。而是用不相同的或句型表達(dá)相同的意思

但是與資料一模一的正,即意。解注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1.序性原：一般來,序與其眼在文章中的序相同。如第53的答案信息會(huì)在第52的答案信息此后。2.定位信息點(diǎn)：通法(scanning),用干中的關(guān)在文中找尋,迅速確定相關(guān)句或信息點(diǎn)所在的地址,減小閱讀范圍。題干中可用來在文中找尋的重點(diǎn)詞可能是專有名詞、數(shù)詞、實(shí)體名詞,以及這些詞的同義表達(dá)等。理解信息點(diǎn)：在找到重點(diǎn)詞句后,要仔細(xì)閱讀,正確理解,比較選項(xiàng),看哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思與之最湊近。消除攪亂項(xiàng)：在作出選擇的過程中,要善于鑒識(shí)真?zhèn)?消除攪亂,不斷減小范圍,選出正確答案,這就是我們常說的消除法。攪亂項(xiàng)一般擁有以下特色：杜撰事實(shí),招惹是非。文中根本找不到任何相關(guān)信息,完好由命題人所捏造。偷梁換柱,以假亂真。采用原文中的句式和大多數(shù)詞匯,但換了個(gè)別詞,改變了原意或范圍。半真半假,虛虛實(shí)實(shí)。攪亂項(xiàng)與原文相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)部分相同,部分相悖。(4)文不對(duì)題,濫竽充數(shù)。攪亂項(xiàng)是文中的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié),但與題干要求不符。[經(jīng)典例題]----Intheanimalkingdom,weaknesscanbringaboutaggressioninotheranimal.Thissometimeshappenswithhumansalso.ButIhavefoundthatmyweaknessbringsoutthekindnessinpeople.Iseeiteverydaywhenpeopleholddoorsforme,pourcreamintomycoffee,orhelpmetoputonmycoat.AndIhavediscoveredthatitmakesthemhappy.Frommywheelchairexperience,Iseethebestinpeople,butsometimesIfeelsadbecausethosewhoappearindependentmissthekindnessIseedaily.Theydon’tgettoseethissoftsideofothers.Often,wetryeverywaypossibletoavoidshowingourweakness,whichincludesalotofpretending.Butonlywhenwestoppretendingwe’rebraveorstrongdoweallowpeopletoshowthekindnessthat’sinthem.Theauthorhasdiscoveredthatpeoplewillfeelhappywhen____.A.theyoffertheirhelpB.theyreceiveothers’helpC.theyfeelothers’kindnessTheauthorfeelssadsometimesbecause____.A.hehasasoftheartB.hereliesmuchonothersC.somepeoplepretendtobekindD.somepeoplefailtoseethekindnessinothers2.是非判斷[技巧點(diǎn)撥]這里的是非判斷題,主若是指true或nottrue,以及含except這類題,必然要看清,是選與文章內(nèi)容切合的選項(xiàng)還是選不切合的選項(xiàng)談及的內(nèi)容。特別注意：NOTtrue這類題，要求選出一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng),也就是說的?？忌f不要看到一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)時(shí),就以為這是要選的正確答案呀錯(cuò)。Nottrue這類題涉及的信息點(diǎn)跨度大,要注意作記號(hào)。[經(jīng)典例題]--

等詞的這類題。解答,或是選文中沒有,有三個(gè)選項(xiàng)是正確,這點(diǎn)特別簡單出Foodsometimesgetspoisonedwithharmfulthings.Apersonwhoeatssuchfoodcangetanillnesscalledfoodpoisoning.Foodpoisoningisusuallynotserious,butsometypesaredeadly.Thesymptomsoffoodpoisoningusuallybeginwithinhoursofeatingthepoisonedfood.Feverisoneofthemostcommonsymptoms.Certainmicroorganisms(微生物)causemosttypesoffoodpoisoning.Bacteriaandothermicroorganismscanpoisoneggs,meat,vegetables,andmanyotherfoods.Afterenteringthebody,thesetinylivingthingsrelease(釋放)poisonsthatmakepeoplesick.Somechemicalscanalsocausefoodpoisoning.Theyareoftenaddedtofoodwhileitisbeinggrown,processes,orprepared.Forexample,manyfarmersspraychemicalsoncropstokillweedsandinsects.Somepeoplemayhaveabadreactiontothosechemicalswhentheyeatthecrops.Someplantsandanimalscontainnaturalpoisonsthatareharmfultopeople.Theseincludecertainkindsofseafood,grains,nuts,seeds,beans,andmushrooms.Whenpeoplehandlefoodproperly,theriskoffoodpoisoningisverysmall...ofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueA.Foodpoisonedcanmakepeoplesick.FoodpoisoningcanbecausedbyallthefollowingEXCEPT____.A.somechemicalsB.lowtemperaturesC.sometinylivingthingsD.certainnaturalmaterials【課堂練習(xí)】1】Formanyparents,raisingateenagerislikefightingalongwar,butyearsgobywithoutanyclearwinner.Likeaborderconflictbetweenneighboringcountries,theparent-teenwarisaboutboundaries:WhereisthelinebetweenwhatIcontrolandwhatyoudoWhydoestheauthorcomparetheparent-teenwartoaborderconflictA.BothcancontinueforgenerationsB.BothareaboutwheretodrawthelineC.NeitherhasanyclearwinnerD.Neithercanbeputtoanend2】Theresearchersstudiedculturaldifferencesintherecognitionoffacialexpressionsbyrecordingtheeyemovementsof13WesternCaucasianand13EastAsianpeoplewhiletheyobservedpicturesofexpressivefacesandputthemintocategories:happy,sad,surprised,fearful,disgusted,angry,orneutral.Theycomparedhowaccuratelyparticipantsreadthosefacialexpressionsusingtheirparticulareyemovementstrategies.WhatwerethepeopleaskedtodointhestudyA.Tomakeafaceateachother.B.Togettheirfacesimpressive.C.Toclassifysomefacepictures.D.Toobservetheresearchers’faces.3】AfterWorldWarⅡ,thepopulationofmostlargeAmericancitiesdecreased;however,thepopulationinmanySunBeltcitiesincreased.LosAngelesandHoustonarecitieswherepopulationshifts（轉(zhuǎn)移）toandfromthecityreflectthechangingvaluesofAmericansociety.Inthelate1940sandearly1950s,cityresidentsbecamewealthier.Theyhadmorechildrensotheyneededmorespace.Theymovedoutoftheirapartmentsinthecitytobuytheirownhomes.Theyboughthousesinthesuburbs.WhydidAmericancityresidentswanttoliveinthesuburbsafterWorldWarⅡA.BecauseolderAmericancitiesweredying.B.Becausetheywerericherandneededmorespace.C.Becausecitiescontainedtheworstpareofsociety.D.Becausetheycouldhardlyaffordaliveinthecity.【4】WhenIwasgrowingupinAmerica,Iwasashamedofmymother’sChineseEnglish.BecauseofherEnglish,shewasoftentreatedunfairly.Peopleindepartmentstores,atbanks,andatrestaurantsdidnottakeherseriously,didnotgivehergoodservice,pretendednottounderstandher,orevenactedasiftheydidnothearher.【5】ItwasavillageinIndia.Thepeoplewerepoor.However,theywerenotunhappy.Afterall,theirforefathershadlivedinthesamewayforcenturies.Thenoneday,somevisitorsfromthecityarrived.Theytoldthevillagersthereweresomepeopleelsewherewholikedtoeatfrog’slegs.However,theydidnothaveenoughfrogsoftheirown,andsotheywantedtobuyfrogsfromotherplaces.Fromparagraph1welearnthatthevillagers__________.A.workedveryhardforcenturiesB.dreamedofhavingabetterlifeC.werepoorbutsomewhatcontentD.livedadifferentlifefromtheirforefathers【6】DuringthedriermonthsbetweenDecemberandMarchhoatzinsflyabouttheforestingroupsof20to30birds,butinApril,whentherainyseasonbegins,theycollecttogetherinsmallerlivingunitsoftwotosevenbirdsforproducingpurposes.WhydohoatzinscollecttogetherinsmallergroupswhentherainyseasoncomesA．Tofindmorefood.B．Toprotectthemselvesbetter.C．Tokeepthemselveswarm.D．Toproducetheiryoung.【課后牢固練習(xí)】【1】Foodsometimesgetspoisonedwithharmfulthings.Aperson

whoeatssuchfoodcangetanillnesscalledfoodpoisoning.Foodpoisoningisusuallynotserious,butsometypesaredeadly.Thesymptomsoffoodpoisoningusually

beginwithin

hoursofeatingthepoisonedfood.Feverisoneofthemostcommonsymptoms.Weknowfromthepassagethatthesymptomsoffoodpoisoning_________.A.arealwaysaccompaniedbyafeverB.aretoocommontobenotedC.canbenoticedwithinhoursD.canbeignored【2】Moderninventionshavespeededuppeople’slivesamazingly.Motor-carscoverahundredmilesinlittlemorethananhour,aircraftcrosstheworldaday,whilecomputersoperateatlightningspeed.Indeed,thisloveofspeedseemsnever-ending.Everyyearmotor-carsareproducedwhichgoevenfasterandeachnewcomputerboasts（吹噓）ofsavingprecioussecondsinhandlingtasks.Thenewproductsbecomemoreandmoretime-savingbecause______..A.ourloveonspeedseemsnever-endingB.timeislimitedC.thepricesareincreasinglyhighD.themanufacturersboastalot【3】ToomuchTV-watchingcanharmchildren’sabilitytolearnandevenreducetheirchancesofgettingacollegedegree,newstudiessuggestinthelatestefforttoexaminetheeffectsoftelevisiononchildren.Oneofthestudieslookedatnearly400northernCaliforniathird-graders.ThosewithTVsintheirbedroomsscoredabouteightpointsloweronmathandlanguageartsteststhanchildrenwithoutbedroomTVs.AccordingtotheCaliforniastudy,thelow-scoringgroupmight_________.A.havewatchedalotofTVB.notbeinterestedinmathC.beunabletogotocollegeD.havehadcomputersintheirbedrooms4】Herjobintravelwritingbegansomeeightyearsago.AftergettingaPhDinEnglishinCanada,shetookatestforFrommer'stravelguides,passedit,andgotthejob.AfterworkingatFrommer's,JarolimworkedforawhileatRoughGuidesinLondon,thenFodor's,whereshefellsoinlovewithadescriptionoftheSouthwestoftheU.S.thatshemovedthere.Nowasatravelwriter,shespendsone-thirdofheryearontheroad.TherestofthetimeisspentcompletinghertasksandwritingreviewsofrestaurantsathomeinTucson,Arizona.WhichcountrydoesJarolimliveinnowA.Mexico.B.TheU.S.C.TheD.Canada5】AmyJohnsonwasbornonJuly1,1903,inHullYorkshireandlivedthereuntilshewenttoSheffieldUniversityin1923toreadforaBA.Aftergraduating,shemovedontoworkasasecretarytoaLondonsolicitor（律師）whereshealsobecameinterestedinflying.AmybegantolearntoflyattheLondonAeroplaneClubinthewinterof1928-1929andherhobbysoonbecameanall-consumingdetermination,notsimplytomakeacareerinaviation（航空）,buttosucceedinsomeprojects,whichwoulddemonstratetotheworldthatwomencouldbeascompetent（能干）asmeninhitherto（迄今為止）maledominatedfield.Herfirstimportantachievement,afterflyingsolo,wastoqualifyasthefirstBritish-trainedwomangroundengineer.ForawhileshewastheonlywomanG:E.intheworld.Earlyin1930,shechoseherobjective:toflysolo（flybyherself）toAustraliaandtobeatBertHinkler’srecordof16days.Atfirst,hereffortstoraisefinancial（經(jīng)濟(jì)的）supportfailed,butfinallyLordWakefieldsharedthe600poundpurchasepricesofausedDHGypsyMoth（GAAAH）anditwasnamedJasonafterthefamilybusinesstrademark.AmysetoffaloneinasingleengineGypsyMothfromGroysononMay5,1930,andlandedinDarwinonMay24,anepicflightof11,000miles.ShewasthefirstwomantoflyalonetoAustralia.InJuly1931,shesetanEnglandtoJapanrecordinaPussMothwithJackHumphreys.InJuly1932,shesetarecordfromEnglandtoCapetown,solo,inaPussMoth.InMay,1936,shesetarecordfromEnglandtoCapetown,solo,inaPercivalGull,aflighttoretrieve（gainagain）her1932record.Withherhusband,JimMollison,shealsoflewinaDHDragonnonstopfromPendineSands,SouthWales,totheUnitedStatesin1933.TheyalsoflewnonstopinrecordtimetoIndiain1934inaDHCometintheEnglandtoAustraliaairrace.TheMollisonsweredivorcedin1938.Afterhercom