2023年職稱英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試試題-綜合類A級(jí)

2002年職稱英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試試題-綜合類A級(jí)笫l局部：詞匯選項(xiàng)(第1~15題，每題1分，共5分)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)畫有底橫線，請(qǐng)從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與畫線局部意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。答案一律涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。1Thepriceofvegetablesfluctuatesaccordingtotheweather．AjumpsBrisesCfallsDchanges2Didyoudothattoirritateher?AteaseBattractCannoyDprotect3Marylookedpaleandweary．AillBtiredCworriedDpeaceful4Thewaterinthispartoftheriverhasbeencontaminatedbysewage(污水)．ApollutedBdowngradedCmixedDblackened5Hertreatmentofthesubjectisexhaustive．AveryboringBverythoroughCveryinterestingDverytouching6Aliceisafascinatinggirl．AabeautifulBaprettyCanattractiveDapleasant7Hermoodcanbegaugedbyherreactiontothemosttrivialofincidents.AdisplayedBshownCprovedDassessed8TheoldladyletherflattoanEnglishcouple.AofferedBrentedCprovidedDsold9Shestoodtherecryingandtremblingwithfear．AshakingBstaggeringCstrugglingDmurmuring10Theystrolledaroundthelakeforanhourorso．AranBrolledCwalkedDraced11Theconclusioncanbededucedfromthepremises．AarguedBderivedCpermittedDcome12Icannolongertoleratehisactions.AputupwithBacceptCtakeDsufferfrom13Ourplanistoa11ocateonememberofstafftohandleappointmentsAaskBpersuadeCassignDorder14Shehasbeenthesubjectofmassivemediacoverage.AextensiveBnegativeCresponsiveDexplosive15Iexpectthatshewillbeabletocaterforyourparticularneeds．AsupplyBreachCprovideDmeet第2局部：閱讀判斷〔第16~22題，每題1分，共7分〕閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把A涂黑；如果該句提供的信息是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把B涂黑；如果該句的信息文章中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把C涂黑。ComingSoon'toaTheaterNearYou!Whatarespecialeffects?Doyouenjoymoviesthatusealotofspecialeffects？Dinosaurs(恐龍)fromthedistantpast!Spacebattlesfromthedistantfuture!Therehasbeenarevolutioninspecialeffects，andithastransformedthemovieswesee.Therevolutionbeganinthemid-1970swithGeorgeLucas'sStarWars，afilmthatstunned(使震驚)audiences．Thatrevolutioncontinuestothepresent，withdramaticchangesinspecial-effectstechnology．ThecompanybehindthesechangesisLucas'sIndustrialLight%26amp;Magic(ILM)．AndthemanbehindthecompanyisDennisMuren，whohasworkedwithLucassinceStarWars．Muren'sinterestinspecialeffectsbeganveryearly．Attheageof6，hewasphotographingtoydinosaursandspaceships．At10，hehadan8-millimetermoviecameraandwasmakingthesethingsmovethroughstop-motion．(Stop-motionisaprocessinwhichobjectsareshotwithacamera．movedslightly,shotagain，andsoon．Whentheshotsareputtogether,theobjectoappeartomove.)TalktoMurenandyou'llunderstandwhatILMisallabout：takingonnewchallenges.By1989，Murendecidedhehadpushedtheoldtechnologyasfarasitwouldgo.Hesawcomputergraphics(圖像)(CG)technologyasthewaveofthefutureand．tookayearofftomasterit．WithCGtechnology,imagescanbescannedintoacomputerforprocessmg，tbrexample，andmanyseparateshotscanbecombinedintoasingleimage．CGtechnologyhasnowreachedthepoint，Murensays，wherespecialeffectscanbeusedtodojustaboutanythingsothatmoviescantellstoriesbenerthaneverbefore．ThehugesuccessofJurassicParkanditssequel(續(xù)集)，TheLostWord,thestarsofwhichwerecomputer-generateddinosaurs，suggeststhatthismayverywellbetrue.16Thespecial-effectsrevolutionbeganinthemid-1980swithStarWars．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned17ILMisthecompanyresponsibleformanyofthechangesinspecial-effectstechnology．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned18DennisMurenstartedhisschoolingataveryearlyage．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned19Attheageof10，Murenwasabletousecomputergraphicstechnologytomakethingsmove．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned20Bythestop-motionprocess，manyseparateshotscanbecombinedintoasingleimage.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned21MurenfeelsthatwithCGtechnology,specialeffectscanbeusedtomakemoviesmoreexpressive.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned22Today'sfilmmakersemphasizespecialeffectsattheexpenseofthestory.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned第3局部：概括大意與完成句子(第23~30題，每題1分，共8分)閱讀下面整蔓短文，短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：(1)第23~26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第2~5段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題；(2)第27~30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。請(qǐng)將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。MessagesfromtheMedia1．Theweatherforecast，astoryaboutthecandidatesinanelection，andmoviereviewsareexamplesofmessagesfromthemedia．Acommunicationmedium，ofwhichthe-plural(復(fù)數(shù)的)formismedia，isameansofcommunicatingamessage．Examplesofmediaaretelevision，radio,newspapersandbooksandthetelephone．ThemediathatCanreachmanypeopleatoncearecalledmassmedia．2.Itisnotdifficulttothinkofothermessageswereceivethroughthemassmedia．Everydaywegethundredsofthem．Thinkaboutadvertisements，forexample．Weseeandhearthesemessagesalmosteverywherewego．Advertisementsareimportantmessages，eventhoughtheyaresometimesannoying．Theyhelpuscompareandevaluateproducts．3.Mostotusgetmoreinformationfromthemediathanfromtheclassroom．Think．foramoment，abouthowyoulearnaboutlocalnewsandevents．Doyoudependonotherpeopleorthemedia?Whataboutinternationalnews?Whatisthemostimportantsourceofinformationforyou?Peoplewhoareaskedthisquestionusuallyanswer，"Television"．4．Thinkofallthemessagesyoureceivedtoday．Perhapsyoureadanewspaperduringbreakfast，ormaybeyoureadadvertisementsonbillboards(露天廣告牌)onyourwaytoschoo1．Didyoulistentoaweatherforecastorthesportsnewsontheradiothismorning?Rightnowyouaregettinginformationthroughaveryimportantmediumofmasscommunication-abook．5．Weusetheinformationwegetfromradio，television，newspapers，andothermediatomakedecisionsandformopinions．Thatiswhythemassmediaaresoimportant．Editorialsandarticlesinnewspapershelpusdecidehowtovote，consumerreportsontelevisionhelpusdecidehowtospendourmoney,andinternationalnewsontheradiomakesusthinkandformopinionsaboutquestionsofwarandpeace．23Paragraph224Paragraph325Paragraph426Paragraph5AlmportanceofClassroomLearningBTelevision-ARichSourceofInformationCAdvertisementsaslmportantMessagesfromtheMassMediaDVariousMessagesOneMayReceiveEachDayEMedia-MeanstoCommunicateMessagesFlmportanceoftheMassMedia27Eachdaywegetalotofmessagesfrom.28Television,radioandbooksareallimportantmediaof.29Formostpeopletelevisionisthemostimportant.30ThemassmediaarcimportanttoUSbecausetheyshape.AsportsnewsBourdecisionsandopinionsCmasscommunicationDourmessagesEsourceofinformationFthemassmedia第4局部：閱讀理解(第31~45題，每題3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每題后面有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀短文并根據(jù)短文答復(fù)其后面的問(wèn)題，從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最正確答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。第一篇ValuingChildhoodThevalueofchildhoodiseasilyblurred(變得模糊不清)intoday'sworld．Considersomerecentdevelopments：Thechild．murderersintheJonesboro，Ark．schoolyardshootingcasewereconvictedandsentenced．Twoboys，7arid8，werechargedinthemurderofan11-year-oldgirlinChicago．Childrenwhocommithorriblecrimesappeartoactoftheirownwill．Yet，aslegalproceedingsinJonesboroshowed，theoneboywhowasabletoaddressthecourtcouldll'tbegintoexplainhisacts，thoughhetriedtoapologize．Theremayhavebeenamotive——youthfuljealousy(妒忌)andresentment．Butadeeperquestionremains：Whydidtheseboysandothersinsimilartroubleapparentlylackanyinner,moralrestraint?ThatquestionechoesfortheaccusedinChicago，youngastheyare．Theywantedthegirl'sbicycle，aselfishimpulsecorn．mortenoughamongkids．Redemption(拯救)isapracticalnecessity．Howcanvalueberestoredtoyounglivesdistortedbyactsofviolence?TheboysinJonesboroandinChicagowillbeconfinedininstitutionsforarelativelyshorttime．Despitehorroratwhatwasdone，childrenarenot-cannotbe-dealtwithasadults，notifapeoplewantstoconsideritselfcivilized．That'swhypoliticians'criesforadulttreatmentofyouthfulcriminalsultimatelymissthepoint．Butthemoralvoid(真空)thatinvitesviolencehasmanysources．Familyinstabilitycontributes．Sodoeseconomicstress．Thatvoid，however,canbefilled．Theworkstartswithparents,whohavetoaskthemselveswhetherthey'redoingenoughtogivetheirchildrenafirmsenseofrightandwrong．Aretheyreallymonitoringtheiractivitiesandtheirdevelopingprocessesofthought?Schools，too，havearoleinbuildingcharacter．Sodoyouthorganizations．Sodoyouthentorcementagencies，whichcandomoretoinformtheyoungaboutlaws，theirmeaning，andtheirobservance(遵守)．Thegoal，ultimately,istoallowallchildrenanormalpassagefromchildhoodtoadulthood(成年)，sothattragicgapsinmoraljudgementarelesslikelytooccur.Therelativefewwhofillsuchgapswithactsofviolencehintatmanyotherswhodon'tgothatfar,butwho1ackthemoralfoundationschildhoodshouldprovide——andwhichprogressivehumansocietyrelieson．31ThetwoboysinChicagowereAshot．Bmurdered．Caccused．Dsentenced．32TheboysinJonesboroandChicagoapparentlylackedasenseofArightandwrong．Bdiscipline．Cshame．Dsafety．33Accordingtopoliticians，whenchildrencommitcrimes，theyshouldbetreatedinthesamewayasAmurderers．Bcriminals．Cvictims．Dadults．34Whichofthefollowingdoesthewriterciteasasourceofmoralvoid?AOfficialcorruption．BSocialinjustice．CFamilyinstability．DRacialdiscrimination．35WhichofthestatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothispassage?AParentsshouldstrengthenmoralinstruction．BSchoolsshouldhelpcreateamoralsenseinchildren．CLawenforcementagenciesshoulddomoretohelpchildrenunderstandlaws.DYouthorganizationsplaynoroleinbuildingcharacter．第二篇CharacteristicsofPublieityPublicityoffersseveralbenefits．Therearenocostsformessagetimeorspace.Anadinprime-timetelevisionmaycost$250，000to$500，000ormoreperminute，whereasafive-minutereportonanetworknewscastwouldnotcostanything．However,therearecostsfornewsreleases,apublicitydepartment，andotheritems．Aswithadvertising，publicityreachesamassaudience.Withinashorttime，newproductsorcompanypoliciesarewidelyknown．Line5Credibilityaboutmessagesishigh，becausetheyarereportedinindependentmedia.Anewspaperreviewofamoviehasmorebelievabilitythananadinthesamepaper,becausethereaderassociatesindependencewithobjectivity．Similarly,peoplearemorelikelytopayattentiontonewsreportsthantoads．Forexample，TheWomen'sWearDailyhasbothfashionreportsandadvertisements．Readersspendtimereadingthestories，buttheyflipthrough(瀏覽)theads．Furhermore，theremaybe10commercialsduringahalf-hourtelevisionprogramorhundredsofadsinamagazine．Featurestoriesaremuchfewerinnumberandstandoutclearly．Publicityalsohassomesignificantlimitations．Afirmhaslittlecontrolovermessages，theirtiming，theirplacement，ortheircoveragebyagivenmedium．Itmayissuedctailednewsreleasesandfindonlyportionscitedbythemedia；andmediahavetheabilitytobemuchmorecriticalthanacompanywouldlike．Forexample．in1982，Procter%26amp;Gamblefacedasubstantialpublicityproblemoverthemeaningofits123-year-oldcompanylogo(標(biāo)志)．Afewministersandotherprivatecitizensbelievedthatthesymbolwassacrilegious(褻瀆的)．Thesebeliefswerecoveredextensivelybythemediaandresultedinthefirmreceiving15，000phonecallsabouttherumorinJunealone.Tocombatthisnegativepublicity,thefirmissuednewsreleasesfeaturingprominentclergy(神父)thatrefuted(消除)therumors，threatenedtosue(控告)thosepeoplespreadingthestories，andhadaspokespersonappearonGoodMorningAmerica．Themedia．cooperatedwiththecompanyandthefalserumorsweretemporarilyputtorest．However,in1985，negativepublicitybecamesodisruptivethatProcter%26amp;Gambledecidedtoremovethelogofromitsproducts．Afirmmaywantpublicityduringcertainperiods，suchaswhenanewproductisintroducedornewstoreopened．butthemediamaynotcovertheintroduetionoropenmguntilafterthetimeitwouldaidthefirm．Similarly,themediadeterminetheplacementofastory；itmayfollowareportoncrimeorsports.Finally,themediadeterminewhethertocoverastoryatallandtheamountofcoveragetobedevotedtoit．Acompany-sponsoredjobsprogrammightgounreportedorreceivethree．sentencecoverageinalocalnewspaper．36Theword"mass"inLine5couldbestbereplacedbyAgrouped．Bcrowded．Cgathered．Dlarge．37ThesecondparagraphimpliesthatpeoplearemorelikelytobelievestoriesAinanewspaperthaninawomen'sdaily．Binanewspaperthaninamagazine．Cinanindependentnewspaperthaninadependentnewspaper．Dinamagazinethaninalocalnewspaper．38Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?AAfirmcancontrolandtimepublicityaccurately．BAfirmcanneithercontrolnortimepublicityaccurately．CAfirmcaneithercontrolortimepublicityaccurately．DInmostcasesafirmcancontrolandtimepublicityaccurately．39TheexampleinParagraph4isintendedtodemonstrateAthepowerofpublicity．Bthevictimofpublicity．Ctheterribleeffectsofrumors．Dthevulnerabilityofpeopletopublicity．40ThepassageimpliesthatAtheplacementofastoryisnotquiteimportant．Bthereportofacrimemaynotbetrue．Clocalnewspapersarenotinterestedincompany-sponsoredprograms.Dpublicityisnotalwaysnecessary．第三篇EffectsofEnvironmentalPollutionIfpoilutioncontinuestoincreaseatthepresentrate，formationofaerosols(浮質(zhì))intheatmospherewillcausetheonset(開(kāi)始)ofaniceageinaboutfiftyyears'time．Thisconclusion,reachedbyDrS．I．RasoolandDrS．H．SchneideroftheUnitedStatesGoddardSpaceFlightCentre，answerstheapparentlyconflictingquestionsofwhetheranincreaseinthecarbondioxide(二氧化碳)contentoftheatmospherewillcausetheEarthtowarmuporincreasingtheaerosolcontentwillcauseittocooldown．TheAmeficanshaveshownconclusivelythattheaerosolquestionisdominant．Twospectreshauntingconservationistshavebeentheprospectthatenvironmentalpollutionmight1eadtotheplanet'sbecomingunbearablyhotorcold．Oneoftheseghostshasnowbeen1aid．becauseitseemsthatevenanincreaseintheamountofcarbondioxideintheatmospheretoeighttimesitspresentvaluewillproduceanincreaseintemperatureofonly2℃Aerosolsarecollectionsofsmallliquidorsolidparticlesdispersedinairorsomeothermedium．Theparticlesareallsotinythateachiscomposedofonlyafewhundredatoms．Becauseofthistheycanfloatintheairforaverylongtime．Perhapsthemostcommonlyexperiencedaerosolisindustrialsmog(煙霧)ofthekindthatplaguedLondoninthe1950sandisanevengreaterprobleminLosAngelestoday．ThesecollectionsofaerosolsreflecttheSun'sheatandtherebycausetheEarthtocool．DrRasoolandDrSchneiderhavecalculatedtheexacteffectofadustaerosollayerjustabovetheEarth'ssurfaceinthetemperatureoftheplanet．Asthelayerbuildsup．thepresentdelicatebalancebetweentheamountofheatabsorbedfromtheSunandtheamountradiatedfromtheEarthisdisturbed．TheaerosollayernotonlyreflectsmuchoftheSun'slightbutalsotransmitstheinfrhred(紅外線的)radiationfrombelow．So，whiletheheatinputtothesurfacedrops．thelossofheatremainshighuntiltheplanetcoolstoanewbalancedstate．Withinfiftyyears，ifnostepsaretakentostopthespreadofaerosolsintheatmosphere，acoolingoftheEarthbyasmuchas3.5℃.seemsinevitable．Ifthatlastsforonlyafewyearsitwouldstartanothericeage，andbecausethegrowingicecapsatealayerweredestroyed．TheonlybrightspotinthisgloomyforecastliesinthehopeexpressedbyDrRasoolandDrSchneiderthatnuclearpowermayreplacefossilfuelsintimetopreventtheaerosolcontentoftheatmospherefrombecomingcritical．4lTheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthearticleistowarnofAwarmweather．Bhotweather．Canewiceage．Danewiceberg．42Theword"species"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningtoA"pollution"．B"carbon．dioxide"．C"aerosols"．D"ghosts"．43WelearnfromthethirdparagraphthatALondonwasplaguedwithratsinthe1950s．BLondoniscoveredwithsmogtoday．CLondonwaspollutedbysmoginthe1950s．DLosAngelesisasheavilypollutedtodayasLondonwasinthe1950s．44Whatwillhappenifthedustaerosollayerdevelops?ATheEarthwillgetextremelyhot．BThebalancebetweentheamountofheatabsorbedfromtheSunandtheamountlostcouldhardlybemaintained．CThelightoftheSuncouldnolongerreachthesurfaceoftheEarth．DInfraredradiationcouldnolongerbetransmittedfromtheEarthtoouterspace．45Theonlywaytostopthespreadofaerosolsintheatmosphere，accordingtoDrRasoolandDrSchneider,istouseAfossilfuels．Belectricpower．Cnuclearenergy．Dcoalpower．第5局部：補(bǔ)全短文(第46～50題，每題2分，共10分)閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。請(qǐng)將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。Broken：DreamsofRuralPeaceItwasduskinTubneyWoods．deepinratalOxfordshire．Thebirdsweresingingattheendofanotherperfectday．Thewomanlivingattheedgeoftheforestcouldstanditnolonger：Shephonedthelocalnoisepollutionofficer．"It'stherooks(禿鼻烏鴉)，"shesaid．"Ican'tbearthatawfulcawing(呱呱地叫)noise．Canyoudosomethingaboutit?"ThecallwasnosurprisetoofficialsattheValeofWhiteHorseDistrictCouncil．(46)Thecountryside，aseverycountry-dwellerknows，canbeahellishly(可怕地)noisyplace．LastweekDavidStead，aWestYorkshirefarmer,appearedincourtinWakefieldaccusedofallowinghiscockstobreaknoiseregulationsbycrowing(打鳴)atdawn，wakinganeighbour．(47)SixmonthsagoCorky,afour-year-oldcock，wasbannedfromcrowingaftercomplaintsintheDevonvillageofStoke．Complaintsabout'noisereasonableornot——areatrecordlevelsincountryareas.Environmentalhealthofficerssaythisispartlybecauseofanincreaseinnoisyactivity．Howeverasignificantnumberofcomplaintscomefromnewcomerstothecountryside．Therearemanysourcesofruralnoise．(48)Mechanisedgraindriers，usuallyswitchedonforthreeweeksinSeptember,canproduceamaddeninglow-frequencyhum．MikeRoberts．chiefenvironmentalhealthofficeratValeofWhiteHorse，saidnoiseoftensoundedworseinthecountrysidethanincities．Withlessbackgroundsound,unwelcomenoisescanseemlouderandtravelfurther．Theoddestcomplaints．however,aretheonescouncilofficialscandonothingabout．ValeofWhiteHorseofficialshavebeenaskedtosilencenotonlynestingrooks．Pigeonsandpheasants(雉雞)havealsocausedconcerrl．InKent，councilofficialshavebeenaskedtosilencebabylambs(49)Anotherinsistedhecouldhearanalienspaceshiplandingoverthegardenfence．"Wegetregularcomplaints．Theyusuallycomefromretiredpeoplewhohavejustmovedintothecountry．Wesendthemapoliteleaer．"Andtheladywhocomplainedabouttherooks?Shewaspolitelytoldshewouldhavetoputupwithit．"(50)"saidMrRoberts．"Intheend，sheacceptedtherewasnothingmuchshecoulddo-exceptmoveout．"Itisnotrecordedwhowon，theladyortherooks.AMrSteadsaidtheywereonlydoingwhatcomesnaturally．BWeaskedherwhatweweresupposedtodo，shootthebirds，orchopthetreesdown?CTheyhaveheardeverykindofcomplaint.DOnemanrangtosayhewaskeptawakebythesplashingofafountaininthegardennextdoor.EThecouncilwillaskthefarmertomoveit．FFarmmachineryisacommoncause．第6局部：完形填空〔第51~65題，每題1分，共15分〕閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出4個(gè)選項(xiàng)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最正確答案，涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。ImportanceofthePublicImagePublicimagereferstohowacompanyisviewedbyitscustomers，suppliers，andstocknoIdes〔股東〕，bythefinancialcommunity，bythecommunitiesinwhichitoperates，andbythefederalandlocalgovernments．Publicima