細(xì)胞介導(dǎo)免疫應(yīng)答

免疫應(yīng)答Immune

response抗原刺激識(shí)別活化增殖效應(yīng)固有免疫應(yīng)答

Innate

immuneres非po特n異se性適應(yīng)性免疫應(yīng)答Adaptive

immune

responseT細(xì)胞介導(dǎo)B細(xì)胞介導(dǎo)主動(dòng)免疫

Active

immunization抗原刺激產(chǎn)生免疫Passive

immunization特異性抗體轉(zhuǎn)移產(chǎn)生過(guò)繼免疫

Adoptiveimmunization(過(guò)繼轉(zhuǎn)移Adoptive

transfer)轉(zhuǎn)移特異性免疫的淋巴細(xì)胞所產(chǎn)生Experimental

autoimmune

encephalomyelitis(EAE)免疫應(yīng)答的場(chǎng)所：淋、脾臟等外周免疫免疫應(yīng)答的基本過(guò)程T細(xì)胞介導(dǎo)的免疫應(yīng)答細(xì)胞免疫應(yīng)答T細(xì)胞介導(dǎo)的免疫應(yīng)答抗原活化效應(yīng)清除細(xì)胞免疫應(yīng)答基本過(guò)程免疫應(yīng)答的特點(diǎn)外源性抗原和內(nèi)源性抗原的產(chǎn)生外源性抗原的加工及提呈過(guò)程內(nèi)源性抗原的加工及提呈過(guò)程細(xì)胞免疫應(yīng)答的基本過(guò)程1.

T細(xì)胞對(duì)抗原的識(shí)別——雙識(shí)別TCR特異性識(shí)別抗原肽

–

MHC分子復(fù)合物第一信號(hào):第二信號(hào):T細(xì)胞CD4MHCII類分子iB7APCT細(xì)胞活化雙信號(hào)示意圖，特異性信號(hào)和協(xié)同刺激信號(hào)APCMHC

II類分子抗原多膚TCR-CD3復(fù)合物CD4B7CD28CD4+T細(xì)胞活化雙信號(hào)示意圖

｀;Immunology特異信號(hào)＠APC特異信號(hào)分協(xié)同刺激信號(hào)＠VACM-1LFA-3ICAM-1TCR-CD3復(fù)合體LFA飛D2...蘆＿＠＿汀(anergy)|

、1寸CD28刺激

、阻斷B7巨邑555T細(xì)胞活化相關(guān)信號(hào)分子識(shí)別階段CD4?T細(xì)胞識(shí)別抗原活化、增殖、分化階段CD4?；罨?、增殖、分化效應(yīng)階段效應(yīng)Th1

CKs介導(dǎo)0TH戶可,._.....IL-2R`'-.

"1L-2人。

。FRCD8+T細(xì)胞識(shí)別抗原CD8叮活化、增殖、分化效應(yīng)CTL靶細(xì)胞1v1細(xì)胞免疫應(yīng)答的基本過(guò)程T細(xì)胞介導(dǎo)的效應(yīng)M歸活化因子1其他I

1B細(xì)胞活化分子

其他IFN-yIL-3IL-4IL-3GM-CSFTNF-IL-5GM-CSFTNF-a,f3

IL-2CD40LIL-10CD40LTGF書(shū)FaslEotaxin效應(yīng)分子其他穿孔素(perforin,Pf)顆粒酶(granzyme,Gz)FaslIFN-yTNF-13TNF-aCD8+T細(xì)胞細(xì)胞毒性T細(xì)胞(CTL)CD4+T細(xì)胞炎癥性T細(xì)胞(Th1)輔助性T細(xì)胞(Th2)細(xì)胞因子靶細(xì)胞.．·..．.TNF

TNFR胞內(nèi)菌細(xì)胞因子三種效應(yīng)性T細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生效應(yīng)分子示意圖1.

IL-2

:2.

IFN-γ：3.

TNF-β：活化CD8+Tc細(xì)胞效應(yīng)CD8+Tc細(xì)胞CTLCD8＝今顆粒酶2穿孔Fasl今:靶細(xì)胞靶細(xì)胞處理提呈抗原1CTL結(jié)合抗原膚：MHC

I類分子復(fù)合物I

CTL活化

靶細(xì)胞1（顆粒酶／穿孔素，F(xiàn)asL/Fas)CTL解離及靶細(xì)胞CTL

靶細(xì)胞的過(guò)程細(xì)胞免疫的生物學(xué)效應(yīng)B細(xì)胞介導(dǎo)的免疫應(yīng)答體液免疫應(yīng)答B(yǎng)細(xì)胞介導(dǎo)的免疫應(yīng)答抗原活化抗體漿細(xì)胞效應(yīng)

體液免疫應(yīng)答。APCThB細(xì)胞ThB第一信號(hào)：第二信號(hào)：B細(xì)胞ICAM-1飛已Th細(xì)胞B7活化倌號(hào)＠lTh活化．．盲···

??-????.一重?千一1礎(chǔ)＼嘿B壤胞活化／夕砂CD40ICAM-1LFA-1',CK，v'B細(xì)胞與Th細(xì)胞間相互作用漿細(xì)胞抗體"I

細(xì)胞因子

IL

4IL-5,2IL-4,6,2IFN-yTGF-乙斗＊lgM``”“y

lgG氣心－1｀IL-4|

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lf

1

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IL-5I叨

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gAIL-5IL-4tJm矗..y

lgE-夕立M匕云＠細(xì)胞活化增殖分化B細(xì)胞應(yīng)答活化過(guò)程示意圖，高濃度Tl-1抗原低濃度Tl-1抗原L

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六

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六多克隆B細(xì)胞活化

1

TI-1抗原特異性B細(xì)胞克隆活化Tl-1抗原誘導(dǎo)B細(xì)胞的激活

｀＇順序初次應(yīng)答再次應(yīng)答(s

1a>a1

Ap

o

q

nu

e

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lf

:

44抵初次應(yīng)答(Primary

response)再次應(yīng)答(Secondary

response)＿總抗體量、、....總抗體量lgG，，＇lgG，，，，潛伏期潛伏期5101520

25時(shí)間(Days)初次抗原刺激(primary

immunization)510再次抗原刺激(secondary

immunization)初次及再次免疫應(yīng)答抗體產(chǎn)生的一般規(guī)律15空特性初次應(yīng)答再次應(yīng)答抗原呈遞非B細(xì)胞B細(xì)胞抗原濃度高