英語(yǔ)跨文化交際實(shí)用教程Unit1市公開(kāi)課金獎(jiǎng)市賽課一等獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

InterculturalCommunication

跨文化交際實(shí)用教程APracticalCoursebookCultureisaBridge.第1頁(yè)Unit1

AnIntroduction

第2頁(yè)ObjectivesLearnthepurposeoflearningthecourse.LearnthenotionsofCulture,CommunicationandInterculturalCommunication.LearnthedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesterncultures第3頁(yè)

CONTENTSI.Warm-upCasesII.WhatIsCulture,CommunicationandInterculturalCommunication?III.TheDifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternCulturesIV.SummaryV.Assignments第4頁(yè)I.Warm-upCasesPleasediscussthecasesingroupsandmakeacommentonit.Case1:ShowingConcernInChina:XiaoLi(aninterpreter):Youmustbeverytired.You’reold…Catherine(anelderlyAmericanlady):Oh,I’mNOTold,andI’mNOTtired.

第5頁(yè)CommentWhattheinterpretersaidisquitecourteousinChina.Itmeans,“Ifyouaretired,wecantakealittlerest,sinceyouaregettingoninyears.”Theinterpretergavetheimpressionthathethoughttheelderlyladywouldcollapseanyminuteifshedoesn’trestimmediately.第6頁(yè)CommentIntheWest,thereisavalueplacedinbeingyoungthatmanypeopleconsciously,orsubconsciously,arenotwillingtoacceptthattheyaregrowingold.IntheWest:A:Howareyoudoingnow?Wouldyouliketorest?B:No,notabit.第7頁(yè)Thewayofshowingconcernisdifferent.InChinaIntheWeststatementquestionVS

must

howwould第8頁(yè)Case2FirstOffer

ACanadiancolleagueandItraveledtoGuilinwithouradmirableguideHepingLiuinveryhotweather.Sightseeingisathirstybusiness.Wedidnottrustthewater,andenjoyedexcellentbeer.WepolitelyofferedsometoHepingbutherefused.Wesaidnothinganddrankourbeer,whilepoorHepingwatched.Onanotherday,Hepingquicklyacceptedourofferofbeer.QuestionsfordiscussionInyourdailylife,doyouoftenacceptfirstoffer?Ifyes,inwhatsituation?第9頁(yè)CommentFirstofferChinesewesternersModestPolitewell-behavedsecondorthirdofferReligiousreasonsReformedalcoholicAllergic第10頁(yè)I.WhytakeInterculturalCommunication?Discussion第11頁(yè)

Peoplearedifferentthroughouttheworld,culturally,religiously,ideologically

[,aidi?'l?d?ikali](思想上；意識(shí)形態(tài)上)

andracially,actuallydifferentinalmosteveryaspect,thereforewearesupposedtoknowabouttheirdifferencesasmuchaspossible,justforasmoothcommunicationamongtheHomosapiens(當(dāng)代人),thepeopleintheglobalvillage.YouwillmakeitbycomingtoInterculturalCommunication.WhytakeInterculturalCommunication?第12頁(yè)

ThePurpose

Thegeneralpurposeofthiscourseistounderstandthewaysinwhichcultureinterrelateswithandeffectscommunicationprocesses.Interculturallearninginvolvesaffectiveandbehavioralprocesses,aswellascognitiveones.Throughoutthiscourse,youwillhavetheopportunitytogainknowledge,skillsandattitudesthatwillincreaseyourinterculturalcommunicationcompetence.

第13頁(yè)

TheObjectives

1)Toexploreculturalself-awareness,othercultureawarenessandthedynamicsthatariseininteractionsbetweenthetwo.

2)Tounderstandhowcommunicationprocessesdifferamongcultures.3)Toidentifychallengesthatarisefromthesedifferencesininterculturalinteractionsandlearnwaystocreativelyaddressthem.第14頁(yè)4)Toacquireknowledgeanddevelopskillsthatincreaseinterculturalcompetence.5)TohaveanunderstandingofthemeaningoftheculturesunderstoodbythewesternersandtheeasternersortheChineseandAmericans.第15頁(yè)16

TheReasonsDevelopmentofScience&TechnologyGlobalizationofEconomyWidespreadImmigrationDevelopmentofMulticulturalismInternationalCommunicationInterracialCommunicationInterethnicCommunicationorminoritycommunication

第16頁(yè)II.WhatIsCulture?第17頁(yè)1.DefineculturesyourselfPleasewritedownwhatevercomestoyourmindwhenyouhearorthinkofculture.Next,trytofigureouthowtheyarerelatedtoculture.第18頁(yè)2.DefinitionsofCulture1)Cultureisthetotalwayoflifethatagroupofpeopleshares.2)Cultureisasystemofsharedbeliefs,values,customs,behaviors,andartifactsthatthemembersofasocietyusetocopewiththeirworldandwithoneanother,andthataretransmittedfromgenerationtogenerationthroughlearning.第19頁(yè)

3)CultureisanIntegratedsystemoflearnedbehaviorpatternswhicharecharacteristicofthemembersofasocietyandwhicharenottheresultofbiologicalinheritance.4)Cultureisthedepositofknowledge,experience,beliefs,values,actions,attitudes,meanings,hierarchies,religion,notionsoftime,roles,spatialrelations,conceptsoftheuniverse,andartifactsacquiredbyagroupofpeopleinthecourseofgenerationsthroughindividualandgroupstriving(努力,奮斗

).

第20頁(yè)5)Cultureisthetotalaccumulationofbeliefs,customs,values,behaviors,institutionsandcommunicationpatternsthatareshared,learnedandpasseddownthroughthegenerationsinanidentifiablegroupofpeople.第21頁(yè)3.ElementsofCulture第22頁(yè)4.ThreeIngredientsofCultureartifactsconcepts(beliefs,values,worldviews…)behaviore.g.Whereasthemoneyisconsideredanartifact,thenvalueplacedonitisaconcept,theactualspendingandsavingofthemoneyisbehavior.

第23頁(yè)5.CharacteristicsofCultureCultureisshared.

2)

Cultureislearned.

3)Cultureisbasedonsymbols.

4)Cultureisintegrated.

5)Cultureissubjectivetochange.

Cultureisethnocentric[,eθn?u'sentrik](民族中心主義;種族優(yōu)越感)

.7)Cultureisadaptive.第24頁(yè)

III.WhatIsCommunicationCanyougivesomeexamplestoexplainthewordcommunication?

Whatiscommunication?第25頁(yè)1.DefinitionofCommunication

Generallyspeaking,communicationcanbedefinedas

adynamic,symbolic,transactionalandcontextualprocessinwhichpeoplecreatesharedmeaningsormessages.第26頁(yè)2.BasicaspectstoCommunicationOurindividualpersonalityThecultureweoperateinThephysicalenvironmentthatsurroundsussuccessfulcommunicationcircumstancesbackground,knowledgeexperiences第27頁(yè)IV.WhatIsInterculturalCommunication?第28頁(yè)1.InterculturalCommunicationDefinedInterculturalCommunicationmeanstheexchangeorcommunicationbetweenpeoplewhohavedifferentculturalbackgrounds.

第29頁(yè)2.ModelofInterculturalCommunication30第30頁(yè)Themoresimilaritiestwoculturesshare,thelessinfluenceculturewillhaveoncommunication.Therefore,thelessmessageswillbechangedduringcommunication.Thelesstheculturesarealike,thegreatertheinfluenceofcultureoncommunicationwillbe,andthemorelikelythemessageswillbechanged.Misunderstandingininterculturalcommunicationoftenariseshere.第31頁(yè)SupposeCultureA:ChinesecultureCultureB:JapanesecultureCultureC:Americanculture第32頁(yè)3.BarriersinInterculturalCommunicationLanguagedifferencesNonverbalcommunicationStereotypes(陳規(guī),成見(jiàn))CulturalbiasonjudgmentsHighlevelofstress第33頁(yè)V.TheDifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternCultures第34頁(yè)1.TheattitudesbyforeignerstowardsChinesePeopleSavingFace

Hardworking

Formal第35頁(yè)TheattitudesbyforeignerstowardsChinesePeopleInsensitivetotime

Tendingtomisunderstand

Beatingaboutthebush第36頁(yè)TheattitudesbyforeignerstowardsChinesePeopleObeybutnotFollow

BeingdoubtfulBeatingcontent第37頁(yè)TheattitudesbyforeignerstowardsChinesePeopleNeverkissedparents

Shanzaieverywhere第38頁(yè)2.TheattitudesbyChinesetowardsWesternersKissandhuganytimeandanywhere

GoingDutch第39頁(yè)TheattitudesbyChinesetowardsWesternersBeingpunctual

Mindyourownbusiness

Toofrank第40頁(yè)41

CC:Manisanintegralpartofnature,complywiththewishesofnature.

(天人合一，順天應(yīng)物)

WC:Manisseparatefromnature,trytoconquerthenature.

(天人相分，征服自然)３．ManandNation第41頁(yè)42

CC:Familyethnicsfirst(家族倫理本位)

WC:Individualsfirst

（個(gè)人本位）

ConceptionofFamily第42頁(yè)43

CC:BelieveinharmonyandtheDoctrineoftheMean.

貴和尚中。

WC:Trustinthespiritofreasons.

理性精神。

ManandMan第43頁(yè)44４．ThewayoflifeIndividualvsGroup第44頁(yè)45ThewayofmakingcommentsDirectvsIndirect第45頁(yè)46

PunctualityOntimevsLate第46頁(yè)47PersonalRelationshipSimplevsComplex第47頁(yè)48Standinginaqueue

LinevsFan第48頁(yè)49WalkinginastreetonweekendsAfewvsacrowd第49頁(yè)50TimeforashowerInthemorningvsintheevening第50頁(yè)51DailylifeofoldpeopleWithadogvswithachild第51頁(yè)52VoiceoftalkinginpublicLowvshigh第52頁(yè)53IdeaofoneselfIndividual-centeredvsgroup-centered第53頁(yè)54LeadershipEqualvspower第54頁(yè)Western:small,intimatefamily,retirementhome,theoldareseparated,childrenleaveearly;beingindependentandlookafterthemselves.Parentsneverinterferewiththeirchildrenaffairswhentheyareoldenough.Family第55頁(yè)Oldseparated

Youngindependent第56頁(yè)AphotoofafarmfamilyAphotoofBaJin’sFamily第57頁(yè)

western:performanceoriented,littlerote(死記硬背)

memory,abilitytosolveproblems;practicalcompetenceofrunningabusinessismoreimportant.Education第58頁(yè)Eastern:experienceoriented,muchmemorization,themoreexperiencedyouare,themorepopularyouwillbe;youwillberegardedwell-educatedifyoucanrecitesomeancientpoems.第59頁(yè)TheUSstudentsinclass第60頁(yè)TheChinesestudentsinclass第61頁(yè)Western:,timeorientedrelationships(work,freetime),makeanappointmentbeforeyougotoseeanyone,noappointment,nobusiness.Lawsuperiortofriendshipandkinsfolk.AttitudesandIdeas

Eastern:personorientedrelationships(hospitality),friendshipiseverything,superiortolaw第62頁(yè)Colors

Notwolanguagesareeversufficientlysimilartobeconsideredasreprintingthesamesocialreality.Theworldsinwhichdifferentsocietieslivearedistinctworlds,notmerelythesameworldwithdifferentlabelsattached.

第63頁(yè)Aweddingceremony第64頁(yè)AWeddingCeremony

Afuneral第65頁(yè)

Redpaperbagcontainingmoneyasagift

第66頁(yè)

Theredcarpet:layouttheredcarpet

第67頁(yè)

Aredcardfortheirmarriage;orforhishealth

第68頁(yè)VI.CaseStudyWhoistoblame,FatherorDaughter?第69頁(yè)AChineseoldmanattheageof60wenttoCanadatoseehisdaughterwhostayedinthecountryforabouteightyears.Justforakindoflovetoherfather,thedaughteraskedherfathertocomeandstayedwithherfamilyafewdays.Thefatherarrivedhappily,butleftmuchearlierthanexpectedsoangrily.第70頁(yè)

1.Youtookthewrongchopsticks.4.Ishouldpaytheticketmyself.

2.It’snoneofyourbusiness.

3.Whyaresolate?第71頁(yè)Thefatherwasangry.Hedidn’tunderstandwhyhisdaughterwassohardthatshedidnothaveanyhumantouchornotshowanyfilialobedienceforherfather.ShewassuccessfulinCanada.Shehadherowncompany.Shehadagoodplaceofherown.Everythingwasperfect.Tothefather,hisdaughterseemedtoforgetaboutthecloserelationwithinthefamily.Hesaidangrily:Sheisnolongermydaughter.Butwhoistoblame,FatherorDaughter?第72頁(yè)VII.Summary

WhytakeInterculturalCommunication?CultureCommunicationInterculturalCommunicationTheDifferencebetweenChineseandWesternCultures第73頁(yè)VIII.Exercises1.Matchingthetermswiththeirdefinitions

A.cultureB.communicationC.ethnocentrismD.interculturalcommunicationE.businesscommunication1.()Thebeliefthatyourownculturalbackground,includingwaysofanalyzingproblems,values,beliefs,language,andverbalandnonverbalcommunication,issuperior.2.()Thetotalaccumulationofbeliefs,customs,values,behaviors,institutionsandcommunicationpatternsthatareshared,learnedandpasseddownthroughthegenerationsinanidentifiablegroupofpeople.第74頁(yè)3.()Aprocessbywhichinformationisexchangedbetweenindividualsthroughacommonsystemofsymbols,signs,orbehavior,ortheexchangeofthoughts,messages,orinformation,asbyspeech,signals,writing,orbehavior.4.()Thecommunicationiswithinbusinessandadministration,aimingatacommonobjectiveandprofitsforboththeindividualsandorganizations.5.()Thecommunicationbetweenpeoplefromdifferentcultureswhenamemberofonecultureproducesamessageforconsumptionbyamemberofanotherculture.第75頁(yè)Exercises2.ComprehensionCheckDecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).__1.Asaphenomenon,interculturalcommunicationhasexistedforthousandsofyears.However,asadiscipline,itshistoryisonlyaboutfiftyyears.__2.InterculturalCommunicationasadisciplinefirststartedinEurope.__3.Cultureisastaticentitywhilecommunicationisadynamicprocess.__4.Culturecanbeseenassharedknowledge,whatpeopleneedtoknowinordertoactappropriatelyinagivenculture.__5.Althoughculturalstereotypehasitslimitations(over-generalization),itstillcontributestoaperson’sculturalcognition.第76頁(yè)__6.Ininterculturalcommunication,weshouldseparateone’sindividualcharacterfromculturalgeneralization.__7.Culturalmistakesaremoreseriousthanlinguisticmistakes.Thelinguisticmistakemeansthatsomeoneisnotfullyexpressinghisorherideawhileculturalmistakescanleadtoseriousmisunderstandingandevenill-feelingbetweenindividuals.__8.Allpeopleofthesamenationalitywillhavethesameculture.__9.Althoughtwoculturesmaysharethesameideas,theirmeaningandsignificancemaynotbethesame.__10.One’sactionsaretotallyindependentofhisorherculture.第77頁(yè)Exercises3.CulturalPuzzlesReadthefollowingsituationsandchoosetheappropriateanswer(s).Theremaybemorethanonepossibleanswerforeachculturalpuzzle.1.Whatwouldyoudoifsomeonetoldyoutousehisorherfirstname,butyoufeltuncomfortabledoingthis?a.Youcouldcontinuetousetheperson’slastnamewithoutexplainingwhy.b.Youcouldtrytousetheperson’sfirstnameeventhoughyoufeeluncomfortabledoingthis.c.Youcouldasktheperson,“IsitOKifIuseyourlastname?”第78頁(yè)1.a)No.Ignoringother’ssuggestionisimpoliteandoffensive.B)Yes.Whenyoutrysomethingnew,itmaybedifficultatfirst.Afterawhile,youwillgetaccustomedtoit.C)Yes.Youcouldlearnaboutother’scustomsbyaskingforculturalexplanations.第79頁(yè)2.Situation:AnAmericanwomanreceivedaletterfromarecentlymarriedJapanesefriend.TheJapanesewomanwroteinherletter,“Myhusbandisnotveryhandsome.Yourhusbandismuchmorehandsomethanmine.”TheAmericanwomanwasverysurprisedatwhatherfriendwrote.1)WhydoyouthinktheAmericanwassurprised?a)TheAmericanwomansawapictureofherfriend’shusbandandthoughtthathewasveryhandsome.b)TheAmericanwomandidn’tthinkherownhusbandwashandsome.c)IntheU.S.,itisdisrespectfultosaythatone’shusbandisnothandsome.第80頁(yè)1)a)No.Evenifthiswastrue,shewouldn’texpectawifetosaythisaboutherownhusband.Toher,theJapanesewomaninsultedherownhusband.B)No.Evenifthiswastrue,shewouldn’texpecttheJapanesewomantocomparetheirhusbands’appearance.C)Yes.IfanAmericanwomansaidthisaboutherhusband,peoplemightthinkthattheydidn’thaveagoodrelationship.第81頁(yè)2)WhydoyouthinktheJapanesewomanwrote,“Myhusbandisnotveryhandsome”?a)TheJapanesewomanwastryingtotellherAmericanfriendthatshedidnotlikeherhusbandverymuch.b)ItisuncommoninJapantocomplimentone’shusband.c)TheJapanesewomandidn’tthinkherhusbandwashandsome,butshelikedhispersonality.第82頁(yè)2)a)No.ThiswouldnotbeaJapanesewayforawifetosaythatshedidn’tlikeherhusband.B)Yes.InJapan,apersonwouldbeconsideredboastfulandnotmodestenoughifheorshecomplimentedhisorherfamilymembersinfrontofothers.第83頁(yè)IX.AssignmentsCaseStudy——ToBeDirectorNot

2.VideoWatchingGuaSha《刮痧》wenluhappy@126.com第84頁(yè)ReadthefollowingcaseandanalyzewhySamdidn’tperformhisworksuccessfullytogetherwithhisSaudiArabianlaborers.ToBeDirectorNotSamLucas,aconstructionsupervisorforaninternationalengineeringfirm,hadthereputationofbeingtoughbutfair-minded.Hewasaveryforceful,obstinateindividualwhoalwaysspokehismind.Heneverhesitatedtocriticizeanyw