閱讀技巧之略讀（初）-英語語法大全

英語閱讀技巧之略讀(初)知識(shí)定位閱讀能力包括閱讀速度和理解能力,閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力。學(xué)生必須在很有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀,掃讀,査讀等技巧快速閱讀,找到關(guān)鍵詞,主題句,獲得時(shí)空,順序,情節(jié),人物,觀點(diǎn),并且能夠理清文章脈絡(luò),把握語篇實(shí)質(zhì)。知識(shí)梳理略讀是指快速閱讀文章,掌握其大意及幾個(gè)能說明問題的關(guān)鍵細(xì)節(jié)。換句話說也就是:快速閱讀文章,只需要留意文章要點(diǎn)。略讀要求的是對整篇文章的快速閱讀,閱讀目的是獲得文章的主要大意和能說明問題的ー些重要細(xì)節(jié),強(qiáng)調(diào)的是了解文章的大意和以較快的速度完成閱讀。Whetherexpertssaidahotsummerwasontheway,withsomeareasoftheUKreachingtemperatureof30℃.ThehottestdaysofarthisyearwasonJune30,andthatwasrecordedas27.2℃(81F)inHeathrow,London.ExpertsfromtheMetoffice,whoforecastweatherfortheUKandtherestoftheworld,saidtheythoughttemperatureswouldgetmuchhigherthroughoutJuly.TheysaiditlookedlikeitwouldbeamuchwarmerJulythanaverage,andcomparedtolastyearitwoulddefinitelybemuchdrier.Thesummerof2012wasthewettestonrecord,andspringthisyearwasthecoldestsince1962.Don'tforgettowearyoursunlotion!閱讀技巧:首段一了解文章主要談?wù)摰膬?nèi)容:今年夏天非常炎熱,英國ー些地區(qū)氣溫達(dá)到30℃.ahotsummerwasontheway,someareasoftheUK,reachingtemperatureof30℃都是ー些重要細(xì)節(jié)。在閱讀中,我們抓住這些關(guān)鍵部分,會(huì)很大程度上團(tuán)高閱讀速度,這種方法就是略讀。略讀方法運(yùn)用具體技巧:〃ー抓ー略〃.文章的大標(biāo)題,各段的小標(biāo)題。大標(biāo)題相當(dāng)于整篇文章的中心句,小標(biāo)題相當(dāng)于段落的主旨句。把握了這兩點(diǎn)就相當(dāng)于把握了文章的主要內(nèi)容。ThebeautyofindoorsgamesforchildrenThebeautycomeswithchildren/sindoorgames.Achildhastohaveactivitiestodo,andshouldbeactiveeveryday.Ondaysthatareextremelycold,hotorraining,thesegamesareperfect.Thesegamesareanexcellentwaytokeepachildactivethroughouttheday.TechnologyWiththetechnologythatisavailableintoday'ssociety,playingindoorscanbeasenjoyableasplayingoutdoors.Children'sindoorgamescanincludeactivitiessuchasmemory,goingfish,hopscotchandcandyland.Dependingonhowoldachildis,theymaybeabletoplayactivatesonthecomputer.ColoringColoringisonegreatindooractivitiesthatchildrenandparentscanenjoytogether.Coloringcanbetheperfectmethodoflearningforchildrenwhoarestartingtorecognizeshapes,colorsandtheiralphabet.Oncetheworkhasbeencompleted,parentscankeepthemonthewallfortheentirefamilytoadmire.IndoorsgamesWhenitcomestochildren'sindoorgames,torollthemarbleandshadowplayarequitepopular.Mostchildrenareamazedwhentheydiscoverthattheyhaveashadow.Otherchildren'sindoorgamesincludejellybeantrail,tabletopsoccer,wallfootballanddress-up.Thesegamesandactivitiesnevergetold,andtheycanbeenjoyedandappreciatedbychildreninvariousagegroups..抓住文章的首段與末段來判斷文章的主旨大意。ー篇文章一般會(huì)有一個(gè)主題段落。作者會(huì)通過ー個(gè)或幾個(gè)能概括文章核心內(nèi)容的句子來闡明文章的中心思想。主題段落的位置一般比較固定,通常出現(xiàn)在ー篇文章的開始,也就是文章的首段（或者前兩三段中的某段）,這對于新聞報(bào)刊類文章來說尤其如此。按照西方人習(xí)慣性的思維方式和寫作習(xí)慣，他們慣用的是演繹法:ー開始先給出自己的核心觀點(diǎn),然后具體ー步步論證。主旨大意一般是在文章首段中體現(xiàn)出來的。閱讀文章首段,我們一般可以迅速抓住文章的主旨大意。對于文章的首段,我們應(yīng)該用較慢的速度閱讀,以便準(zhǔn)確判斷文章的話題和主要內(nèi)容。我們應(yīng)該充分利用首段回出的信息，去挖掘文章的思路,尋找文章的脈絡(luò)和線索。有時(shí),為突出主題,作者會(huì)先田出主題，文章結(jié)尾時(shí)在點(diǎn)出主題。這種首尾呼應(yīng)式的寫作方法也較為常見。但前后表述主題的句子不是簡單的重復(fù)，后面的表述往往有進(jìn)一步的引申和發(fā)展的意味。所以文章的末段也很重要，也要放慢速度，用充分的時(shí)間去閱讀,已達(dá)到略讀所要求的掌握整個(gè)文章大意的閱讀目的。Lacrosse（長曲棍球）isapopularsportinCanada.TheIndiansinCanadainventedit.Theyusedittotrainforwar.TheyinventedthisgamebeforeColumbusarrivedintheNewWorld. Atonetime,lacrossewasthenationalsummersportinCanada.TodayitisstillpopularwithCanadians.Thepassageismainlyabout.A.howtoplaylacrosseB.lacrosseinCanadaC.thehistoryoflacrosseD.lacrosse----apopulargameinCanadaSelf-improvementisveryhelpfulforanindividual（個(gè)人）.Ithassomepositiveeffectsnotonlyonanindividual,butonthesocietyasawholetoo.Someofthesimplewaysinwhichindividualcanimprovethemselvesareasfollows.Listeningtomusicisagoodwayofrelaxingaswellasinspiringyourselfthroughouttheday.3Thesongsthatencourageyouarethesongswhichyoumustlistento.Thiswillhelpyoutobecomepositiveinthelongrun.Youwillalsobeabletofacethehardshipsoflifeeasilybecauseofthis.Workingoutisveryimportant.Doingregularexerciseisagoodideaformostindividuals.Itwillnotonlykeeponeingoodshapebutalsotoincreasethementalwell-beingoftheperson.Whenyouhaveafitbody,youwillalsohaveapositivethinkingmind.Havingaspecialgoalisveryimportant.Youmustneverleavethegoalwhateverhappensinyourday-to-daylife.Thisisveryimportant,asyouwillotherwisefacetheproblemofnothavingaspecificaiminyourlife.Thesearethereforesomeofthewaysinwhichself-improvementcanbeachieved.Youwillnothavetotakeanydifficultstepsforthesuccessofthisself-help.Youwillbeabletodevelopyourselfandasaresultbenefitthesocietyinthefuture.Thepassageismainlyabout.waysofhowtokeepanicefigure.Theimportanceofself-improvementSelf-improvementtipsforindividualIndividuals/positiveimpactsonsociety.英語閱讀技巧應(yīng)把握哪些地方可以略讀或跳讀,在首先快速瀏覽了題干,初步把握文章大意及敘事結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上,可大膽進(jìn)行略讀與跳讀,這樣不但閱讀速度快,也更容易居總體把握原文。在閱讀中可略讀或跳讀處理的內(nèi)容包括:繁瑣的例證為了說明問題,作者可能借用形象的例子,有時(shí)候會(huì)比較繁瑣,雖能說明問題,但讀者需要花很多時(shí)間去閱讀。那么在例子所說明的問題不明白時(shí),可通過略讀來理解;若例子所說明的問題比較明了,則例子部分可一帶而過。并列多項(xiàng)列舉有時(shí)許多功能相同的項(xiàng)目并列列舉,那么只讀其中一兩項(xiàng)即可,無需全讀,即使其中有生詞也可略讀,不用放在心上。無關(guān)大局的生僻字詞閱讀中經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到ー些生詞,如果這些生詞對于文章總體的把握關(guān)系不大,這時(shí)候出題者也不會(huì)給這些生詞加漢語注釋,只要覺得對全文的理解沒有影響或影響不大就可略過。冗長的人名、地名有許多冗長的表示人名、地名等專有名詞，閱讀時(shí)可一掃而過或干脆用其首字母代替法,千萬不可試圖把整個(gè)詞讀出來。在略讀過程中,要把自己認(rèn)為對解題有重要意義的字、句、段等標(biāo)記出來,并儲(chǔ)存在大腦里,以免回頭再査看費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)カ。同時(shí),對于表達(dá)作者寫作意圖的詞句,表現(xiàn)作者強(qiáng)烈感情色彩的詞句也要標(biāo)記出來。4要特別注意把握文中具有銜接過渡等功能的字句,抓住了這些字句,就能準(zhǔn)確理解作者的寫作意圖與寫作思路,文章的結(jié)構(gòu)也一目了然。這些連接過渡包括表明句與句之間關(guān)系的連接詞,也包括表明上下文段落之間關(guān)系的過渡語或過渡句,甚至是過渡段。例題精講【試題來源】【題目】Afamousdoctoroncereceivedalittlechildthatwasbadlyill.Thankstohisskillsandcare,hisyoungpatientgotwellandwassoonabletogetupandrunaboutagain.Thechild'smotherwasverythankfultothedoctor,andshecalledonhimtothankforwhathehaddoneforherchild."Doctor,"shesaid,"youhavesavedmylittleson.Idon'tknowhowtothankyouenough.Ifeelthatmoneyalonecannotrepayyou,soIhavemadethislittlepursewithmyownhands,asasignofmygratitude.Ihopeyouwillacceptit."Thedoctorstoodupandsaidcoldly,"Madam,alittlepresentlikethatisverynicebetweenfriends,butadoctorneedstopaidproperlyforwhathehasdone."Theladywassurprisedandhurtsomuchthatshecouldnotreplyforamoment.Thenshesaidquietly,"Perhapsyouwilltellmehowmuchyoufeeis?""Fiftypounds,"heanswered.Theladyopenedthelittlepurseandtookoutfourfifty-poundbanknotes.Shepassedoneofthemtothedoctor,andputtheotherthreebackintothepurse.Sheputthepurseintoherhandbagand,sayinggoodbyetothedoctor,wentoutoftheroom.【選項(xiàng)】l:Theladywasthankfultothedoctorbecause.A.hehadsavedherlifeB.hehadsavedherson/slifeC.hehadlenthersomemoneyD.heoftencalledonher2:Thedoctorrefusedthelady'spursebecausehethought.thepurseshouldbegivenbetweenfriendsthepursewastoosmalltheladywasnotkindtohimtheladyjustgavehimthatpurseandwouldn'tgivehimthemedicalfee3:Theunderlinedword"gratitude"means""inEnglish.A.friendshipB.pityC.happinessD.thanks4:Themoneyinthepurse.wasonly150poundswaslessthan200poundswasmuchmorethanthemedicalfeewasnotenoughforthemedicalfee5:Howdoyouthinkthedoctorwouldfeelintheend?A.SorryandworriedB.RegretandproudC.ExcitedandproudD.Sorryandregret【答案】【解析】這篇文章主要講了一位著名的醫(yī)生曾收到嚴(yán)重生病小孩。由于他的技能高超,他的年輕的病人就好了,很快就能等起來跑了。孩子的母親為了表示感謝親手做了一個(gè)錢包要送給醫(yī)生表示感謝但是醫(yī)生的回答令他吃驚他說錢包是朋友之間互送禮物而他需要支付費(fèi)用50旁，這是孩子的母親從錢袋中掏出4個(gè)50旁的鈔票給了他一個(gè)把其他三個(gè)放回袋子走了。1:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段,Thechild'smotherwasverythankfultothedoctor,andshecalledonhimtothiankforwhathehaddoneforherchild."Doctor/'shesaid,"youhavesavedmylittleson可知孩子母親感謝醫(yī)生是因?yàn)獒t(yī)生救了孩子的生命。故選Bo2:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題意這個(gè)醫(yī)生拒絕要孩子母親的錢包因?yàn)樗胍t(yī)藥費(fèi),但是他知道這位母親的錢包里有錢,可知應(yīng)選D。3:詞義猜測題。根據(jù)asasignofmygratitude.Ihopeyouwillacceptit.說明說作為我的感謝和感激之意,希望你能收下,故選Do4:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theladyopenedthelittlepurseandtookoutfourfifty-poundbanknotes可知錢袋的錢比醫(yī)療費(fèi)多得多,故選Co5:標(biāo)題歸納題。整篇文章讀后可知醫(yī)生很抱歉也很后悔自己的做法。故選Do【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】閱讀技巧之略讀（初）【適用場合】當(dāng)堂例題【難度系數(shù)】3【試題來源】【題目】Oncetherewasahugeappletree.Alittleboylovedtocomeandplayarounditeveryday.Helovedthetreeandthetreelovedtoplaywithhim.Timewentby-thelittleboyhadgrownupandhenolongerplayedaroundthetreeeveryday.Oneday,theboycamebacktothetreeandhelookedsad.Z/Comeandplaywithme,“thetreeaskedtheboy."I'mnolongerakid.Iwouldn'tplayaroundthetreeanymore."theboyreplied.〃lwanttoys.Ineedmoneytobuythem.""Sorry,Idon'thavemoney.Butyoucanpickallmyapplesandsellthem.So,youwillhavemoney."Theboypickedalltheapplesonthetreeandlefthappily.Theboynevercamebackafterhepickedtheapples.Oneday,theboyreturnedandthetreewassoexcited,"Comeandplaywithme,"thetreesaid."Idon'thavetimetoplay.Ihavetoworkformyfamily.Weneedahouseforshelter.Canyouhelp?""Sorry,Idon'thaveahouse.Butyoucancutoffmybranchestobuildyourhouse."Sotheboycutallthebranchesoffthetreeandlefthappily.Thetreewasgladtoseehimhappybuttheboynevercamebacksincethen.Thetreewasagainlonelyandsad.Onehotsummerday,theboyreturnedandthetreewaspleased./zComeandplaywithme!"thetreesaid,"Iamsadandgettingold.Iwanttogosailingtorelaxmyself.Canyougivemeaboat?”"Usemytrunktobuildyourboat.Youcansailfarawayandbehappy,"Sotheboycutthetreetrunktomakeaboat.Hewentsailingandnevershowedupforalongtime.Finally,theboyreturnedafterheleftforsomanyyears./zSorry,myboy.ButIdon'thaveanythingforyouanymore.Theonlythingleftismydyingroot,"thetreesaidwithtears①"Good!Oldtreerootisthebestplacetoleanonandrest.Comeandsitdownwithmeandrest."Theboysatdownandthetreewasgladandsmiledwithtears② ［選項(xiàng)］l:Whydidtheboypickalltheapplesonthetree?Because.hewantedtoeatthemheneededmoneytobuytoyshelikedthetreewithoutappleshewantedtosharethemwithfriends.2:Whendidtheboycomebacktotheappletree?Hecameback.A.wheneverhewashappyB.ifhemissedtheappletreeC.whenhewasintimesofdifficultyD.assoonashewasfree63:Whatdidtheboywantatlast?Hewanted.A.tohaveahousetoliveinB.nothingexceptaplacetorestC.therootoftheappletreeD.anythingthattheappletreehad4:Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?Weshould.A.plantmoreappletreesB.learnfromtheboyC.alwaysstayathomeD.bethankfultoourparents5:Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?Thephrase“withtears①“meansthattheappletreewassadbecausetheboyaskedfortoomuch.Thephrase"withtears②〃meansthattheappletreewasstillhappybecauseshecouldhelptheboyforthelasttime.Eachtimetheboyaskedtheappletreeforhelp,thetreetriedherbesttosatisfyhim.Afterreadingthepassage,wecaneasilythinkoftheoldChinesesaying"Parents/loveisuniversal!z,【答案】BCBDA【解析】短文大意:本文作者旨在通過男孩和蘋果樹的故事告訴讀者要感恩父母,不忘父母養(yǎng)育之恩。1:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中theboyreplied."Iwanttoys.Ineedmoneytobuythem.""Sorry,Idon'thavemoney.Butyoucanpickallmyapplesandsellthem.So,youwillhavemoney."Theboypickedalltheapplesonthetreeandlefthappily.可知該選B。2:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中"Idon'thavetimetoplay.Ihavetoworkformyfamily.Weneedahouseforshelter.Canyouhelp?"可矢口該選Co3:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Good!Oldtreerootisthebestplacetoleanonandrest.Comeandsitdownwithmeandrest."Theboysatdownandthetreewasgladandsmiledwithtears可知該選Bo4:推理判斷題。通過讀短文我們應(yīng)該感謝父母,所以選Do5:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。在文中Thephrase"withtears都意味著蘋果樹很高興能幫助那個(gè)男孩,所以選Ao【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】閱讀技巧之略讀（初）【適用場合】當(dāng)堂例題【難度系數(shù)】4習(xí)題演練【試題來源】【題目】Doyouknowstaranise?IthasaChinesename"bajiao"（八角）.Youcanfindthisspice（調(diào)味料）inalmostallChinesekitchens.Suddenlypeoplearoundtheworldneedthesmallfruitfromwhichthespiceismade,becauseofbirdflu（禽流感）.Birdfluhasmadetensofmillionsofbirdsdieandkilledatleast60peopleinAsia.Scientistssayiffluchangestospreadfrompersontoperson,itcouldkillmillions!AmedicinecalledTamiflu（達(dá)菲）issupposedtofightbirdfluinhumans.Roche,aSwisscompany,developedit.ButRochesaysithasn'tenoughrawmaterial（原料）tomakelotsofTamiflu.ThematerialistheChinesespicestaranise.About90%oftheworld'sstaraniseisproducedinSouthChina.Thefruitisharvested（豐收）betweenMarchandMay.Besidesspice,peoplealsouseitasmedicine.Peopleafraidofbirdfluhavebeguntobuystaraniseandcookchickenandothermeatwithit7more.Butsofar,noscientistssaythespicecouldgiveprotection（保護(hù)）.Somescientistssaythateatingthefruititselfwon'thelpagainstbirdflu.【選項(xiàng)】l:Mostworld'sstaraniseisproducedin.A.SwissB.AfricaC.AsiaD.SouthChina2:Accordingtothepassage,theunderlinedword"/supposed"probablymeans.A.thoughtB.shouldC.feltD.ought3:Staraniseisharvested.foronemonthB.forhalfayearC.foralmostthreemonthsD.Allyearround4:What'sthemainideaofthispassage?A.Theintroductionofstaranise.Theinfluenceofbirdflu.TheintroductionofTamiflu.Staraniseisusedtomakemedicinetohelpfightbirdflu.5:WhichoneisNOTrightaccordingtothepassage?Staraniseisakindofspice.MoststaraniseisproducedinChina.Birdfluisdangerousforpeople.Scientistssayspicecanhelpagainstbirdflu.【答案】DACDD【解析】短文大意:世界上大約90%的八角是中國南方產(chǎn)。除了作為香料,人們還將它用到醫(yī)學(xué)上。人們害怕禽流感,已經(jīng)開始購買八角茴香煮雞肉和其他肉類。但到目前為止,沒有科學(xué)家說香料可以給保護(hù)人們不患禽流感。1:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段首句About90%oftheworld'sstaraniseisproducedinSouthChina.可知該選Do2:詞義猜測題。AmedicinecalledTamiflu（達(dá)菲）issupposedtofightbirdfluinhumans.中的劃線詞supposed的意思是"被認(rèn)為",所以該選Ao3:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中ThefruitisharvestedbetweenMarchandMay.可知該選Co4:主旨大意題。本文主要說了八角被用來制藥抗擊禽流感,所以該選Do5:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文末Butsofar,noscientistssaythespicecouldgiveprotection（保護(hù)）.Somescientistssaythateatingthefruititselfwon'thelpagainstbirdflu.可知該選Do【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】閱讀技巧之略讀（初）【適用場合】當(dāng)堂例題【難度系數(shù)】3【試題來源】【題目】FamilymembersofChinesepeopleontheMalaysiaAirlinesFlightMH370hadacandlelightprayerceremony（祈禱儀式）attheBeijingLidoHotelonTuesdayforallthoseontheplane.Theylit239candles,eachstandingforoneperson.Theceremonystartedat0:41a.m.,itwasthetimetheplanebeganitsflyingfromKualaLumpurtoBeijingbeforedisappearing（ン冃失）onMarch8.Whentheceremonyendedat8:11am,thelasttimetheplanesentsignalstoasatellite（衛(wèi)星）,aladycriedandfelldownonthefloorbecauseherhusbandwasontheplane.Then,otherpeoplehadtotakeherawayfromtheprayerroomtothehospital.Inthepastmonth,thefamilymembersfeltbothhopefulandhopeless.Peoplearenotsurewheretheplaneis,becausenodebris（殘骸）fromtheplanehasbeenfound.TheysaidtheyneededmoreinformationaboutthesearchfromMalaysiaAirlinesandtheMalaysiangovernment.l:Wheredidpeoplehavetheceremony?2:Whattimedidtheceremonystart?83:Whydidthatladycryandfalldown?4:Howdidthosepeoplefeelinthepastmonth?5:WhatdidtheyneedfromMalaysiaAirlinesandtheMalaysiangovernment?【答案】l:AttheBeijingLidoHotel..2:At0:41am.3:Becauseherhusbandwasontheplane.4:Theyfeltbothhopefulandhopeless.5:Theyneededmoreinformationaboutthesearch.【解析】這篇文章主要講了在北京麗都酒店,馬來西亞航空公司的MH370航班上家庭成員舉行了一個(gè)燭光祈禱儀式,在過去的一個(gè)月,家庭成員感到希望和絕望,他們說他們需要更多的來自馬來西亞航空公司和馬來西亞政府信息。1:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段,FamilymembersofChinesepeopleontheMalaysiaAirlinesFlightMH370hadacandlelightprayerceremony（祈禱儀式）attheBeijingLidoHotelonTuesdayforallthoseontheplane.在北京麗都酒店周二,馬來西亞航空公司的MH370航班上家庭成員舉行了一個(gè)燭光祈禱儀式,可知填A(yù)ttheBeijingLidoHotel1〇2:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段,Theceremonystartedat0:41a.m.祈禱儀式在凌晨0:41開始?？芍獞?yīng)填A(yù)t0:41a.m.o3:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段,aladycriedandfelldownonthefloorbecauseherhusbandwasontheplane.ー個(gè)女人哭著昏倒了,因?yàn)樗恼煞蛟陲w機(jī)上。故填Becauseherhusbandwasontheplaneo4:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段,Inthepastmonth,thefamilymembersfeltbothhopefulandhopeless.,在過去的一個(gè)月,家庭成員感到希望和絕望。故填Theyfeltbothhopefulandhopeless.5:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段,TheysaidtheyneededmoreinformationaboutthesearchfromMalaysiaAirlinesandtheMalaysiangovernment.他們說他們需要更多的來自馬來西亞航空公司和馬來西亞政府信息。故填Theyneededmoreinformationaboutthesearch.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】閱讀技巧之略讀（初）【適用場合】當(dāng)堂練習(xí)題【難度系數(shù)】3【試題來源】【題目】Whenmyson,Mark,wasinthethirdgrade,hesavedallhispocketmoney（零用錢）foroverthreemonthstobuyholidaypresents.ThethirdSaturdayinDecemberMarksaidhehadmadehislistandhadtwentydollarsinhispocket.Idrovehimtoanearbysupermarket.MarkpickedupahandbasketandwentinwhileIwaitedandwatchedinthecar.IttookMarkover45minutestochoosehispresents.Finallyhecametothecheckoutcounter（交款處）andreachedintohispocketforhismoney.Itwasnotthere!Therewasaholeinhispocket,butnomoney.Markstoodthereholdinghisbasket,tearsfallingdownhisface.Thenasurprisingthinghappened.AwomancameuptoMarkandtookhiminherarms."Youwouldhelpmealotifyouletmepayforyou,"saidthewoman."Itwouldbethemostwonderfulgiftyoucouldgiveme.Ionlyaskthatonedayyouwillpassiton.Whenyougrowup,Iwouldlikeyoutofindsomeoneyoucanhelp.Whenyouhelpothers,IknowyouwillfeelasgoodaboutitasIdonow."Marktookthemoney,driedhistearsandranbacktothecheckoutcounterasfastashecould.ThatyearweallenjoyedourgiftsalmostasmuchasMarkenjoyedgivingthemtous.Iwouldliketosay"thankyou"tothatverykindwoman,andtellherthatfouryearslater,Markwenthousetohousecollectingblankets（毯子）andclothesforthehomelesspeopleinthefire.9AndIwanttopromise（許諾）herthatMarkwillneverforgettokeeppassingiton.【選項(xiàng)】l:Whendidthestoryprobablyhappen?A.OnChristmasDay.B.BeforeChristmasDay.C.OnNewYear'sDay.D.AfterNewYear'sDay.2:Whentheygottothesupermarket,MarkwentinA.withthewriterB.byhimselfC.withthewomanD.withhisfriends3:WhathappenedtoMarkinthesupermarket?A.Hisgiftswerestolen.B.Hebrokehisbasket.C.Helosthismoney.D.Helosthisway.4:Whydidthewriterwanttosay"thankyou"tothewoman?BecausesheboughtMarkanicepresent.Becauseshealwayspaidmoneyforothers.Becauseshecollectedclothesforthehomeless.BecauseshetaughtMarktohelppeopleinneed.5:What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.AbigsupermarketB.AkindwomanC.AhappyfamilyD.Awonderfulgift【答案】BBCDD【解析】本文講述了三年級(jí)的小學(xué)生馬克在一次丟錢的經(jīng)歷中受到了別人的幫助,同時(shí)也學(xué)會(huì)了幫助別人。1:推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文第一段ThethirdSaturdayinDecemberMarksaidhehadmadehislistandhadtwentydollarsinhispocket.晶述,可知12月的第三個(gè)星期六應(yīng)該在圣誕節(jié)前,故選Bo2:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第二段MarkpickedupahandbasketandwentinwhileIwaitedandwatchedinthecar.可知是馬克自己進(jìn)了超市,他媽媽在車?yán)锏戎?故選B。3:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第二段Itwasnotthere!Therewasaholeinhispocket,butnomoney.蹄,可知口袋出了一個(gè)洞,錢丟了,故選Co4:推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文第三段Whenyougrowup,Iwouldlikeyoutofindsomeoneyoucanhelp.黜,可知這位女士實(shí)際上是在教馬克幫助別人,故選Do5:標(biāo)題歸納題?？偫ㄈ目芍疚牡闹饕芤嬲呤邱R克,他學(xué)會(huì)了怎樣去幫助別人,實(shí)際上這也是別人給他的一個(gè)精美的禮物,故選Do【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】閱讀技巧之略讀（初）【適用場合】隨堂課后練習(xí)【難度系數(shù)】4【試題來源】【題目】Lifecomesinapackage.Thispackageincludeshappinessandsadness,failureandsuccess,hopeanddespair.Lifeisalearningprocess.Experiencesinlifeteachusnewlessonsandmakeusabetterperson.Witheachpassingdaywelearntodealwithvarioussituations.Loveplaysamainroleinourlife.Lovemakesyoufeelwanted.Withoutloveapersoncouldbecomecruel.Intheearlystageofourlife,ourparentsaretheoneswhoshowuswithloveandcare.Theyteachusaboutwhatisrightandwrong,goodandbad.Butwedon'talwayscareaboutit.Itisonlyaftermarriageandhavingkidsthatapersonunderstandsothers/feelings.Happinesscanbringpeopleapeacefulmind.Nomindishappywithoutpeace.Sadnessisthecauseofthedeathofalovedoneorthefailure.Butallofthesethingswillpassaway.Failureisthepathtosuccess.Ithelpsustotouchthesky,teachesustosurviveandshowsusaspecificway.Successbringsinmoney,prideandself-respect.Hopeiswhatkeepslifegoing.Parentsalwayshopetheirchildrenwilldowell.Hopemakesusdream.Hopebuildsinpatience.Lifeteachesusnottodespaireveninthedarkesthour,becauseaftereverynightthereisaday.1oLifeteachesusnottoregretoveryesterday,forithaspassedandisoutofourcontrol.Tomorrowisunknown,foritcouldeitherbebrightordark.Sotheonlychoiceistoworkhardtoday,sothatwewillenjoyabettertomorrow.【選項(xiàng)】l:Weusuallyhavetoacceptifwewanttobesuccessful.A.loveB.failureC.sadnessD.hope2:lnwhichsectioncanreadersprobablyreadthepassage?A.Business.B.Travel.C.Lifestyles.D.Education.3:Whatdoestheword“despair“meaninChinese?A.頹廢B.遺憾C,悲傷D.絕望4:What'sthemeaningofthelastsentenceofthewholepassage?Whenchoosingbetween“today"and"tomorrow",you'dbetterenjoytomorrow.Ifyouworkhardtoday,you'llhaveabetterlifeinthefuture.Whatyoucanonlychooseistoworkhardtodayratherthantomorrow.Theonlychoiceyoumakeisthatyoushouldenjoyabettertomorrow.5:What'sthepurposeofthepassage?Toencouragepeopletoloveeachother.Totellpeoplehowtodealwithhappinessandsadness.Togivereaderssomeinformationaboutlife.Toremindpeopletokeephavingabeautifuldream.【答案】BDDBC【解析】這篇短文中作者告訴了我們ー些人生的哲理,生活就像是一個(gè)包裹,這個(gè)包裹里有幸福和悲傷，有失敗和成功，有希望和絕望。我們應(yīng)該如何正確看待人生的這些東西，如何對待今天和明天,作者在給我們ー些關(guān)于人生的建議。1:推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文第四段中Failureisthepathtosuccess.的這句話可知，失敗是通往成功的路,故要想成功,就必須學(xué)會(huì)接受失敗。故選BoA選項(xiàng)!ove是愛;C選項(xiàng)是悲傷;D是希望。2:推理判斷題。這個(gè)問題問的是我們可以在哪里讀到這樣的ー篇短文,A是商業(yè):B是旅行;C是生活方式;D是教育。根據(jù)這篇短文的大意可知,這篇短文中作者告訴了我們ー些人生的哲理,生活就像是一個(gè)包裹，這個(gè)包裹里有幸福和悲傷,有失敗和成功,有希望和絕望。故這樣的ー篇短文和商業(yè)、旅行以及生活方式?jīng)]有關(guān)系。故選Do3:詞義猜測題。根據(jù)短文第一段中Thispackageincludeshappinessandsadness,failureandsuccess,hopeanddespair.的這句話,我們可以看出,這里的happiness和sadness是ー對反義詞,failure和success是ー對反義詞,故劃線的這個(gè)詞應(yīng)該是hope的反義詞,即絕望。故選D。4:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。這篇短文的最后一句話的意思是:因此我們唯一的選擇是在今天努力工作,這樣我們才能享受更加美好的明天。瀏覽四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思可知,B選項(xiàng)和原文這句話的意思最為接近。故選Bo5:主旨大意題。這篇短文中作者告訴了我們ー些人生的哲理,生活就像是ー個(gè)包裹,這個(gè)包裹里有幸福和悲傷,有失敗和成功,有希望和絕望。我們應(yīng)該如何正確看待人生的這些東西,如何對待今天和明天。故作者在給我們ー些關(guān)于人生的建議。故選Co【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】閱讀技巧之略讀（初）【適用場合】課后兩周練習(xí)【難度系數(shù)】3【試題來源】【題目】Whensomethinggoeswrong,itcanbeverysatisfyingtosay,“Well,it'sso-and-so'smistake."or"IknowI'mlate,butit'snotmymistake;thebuswaslate."Itisprobablynotyourmistake,butonceyouformthehabitofblamingsomebodyorsomethingelseforabadsituation,youarealoser.Youhavenopowerandcoulddonothingthathelpschangethesituation.However,1youcanhavegreatpoweroverwhathappenstoyouifyoustoppayingattentiontowhomtoblameandstartpayingattentiontohowtoimprovethesituation.Thisisthewinner'skeytosuccess.Winnersaregreatatovercoming（克月艮）problems.Forexample,ifyouwerelatebecausethebuswaslate,maybeyouneedtoleavehomeearly.Or,youmightcallataxiorcallfriendsforhelpwheninneed.Foranotherexample,ifyourworkmatecausesyouproblemsonthejobforshortofresponsibility（責(zé)任，じ'）orability,findwaysofdealingwithhisirresponsibilityorinabilityratherthansimplyblametheperson.Asktoworkwithadifferentperson,orleavethispersonwithsomesimplejobs.Youshouldacceptthatthepersonisnotreliable（可靠的）andfindcreativewaystoworksuccessfullyregardlessofhowyourworkmatefailstodohisjobwell.Thisiswhatbeingawinnerisallabout-creativelyusingyourskillsandtalentssothatyouaresuccessfulnomatterwhathappens.Winnersdon'thavefewerproblemsintheirlives;theyhavejustasmanydifficultsituationstofaceasanybodyelse.Theyarejustbetteratseeingthoseproblemsaschallenges（挑戰(zhàn)）andchancestodeveloptheirowntalents.So,stoppayingattentionto“whosemistakeitis/'Onceyouareconfidentaboutyourpoweroverbadsituations,problemsarejuststeppingstonesforsuccess.［選項(xiàng)］l:Accordingtothepassage,winners.haveresponsibleandableworkmatesmeetwithfewerdifficultiesintheirlivesblamethemselvesratherthanothersdealwithproblemsratherthanblameothers2:Whenyourworkmatebringsaboutaproblem,youshould.blamehimforhislackofresponsibilityfindabetterwaytoovercometheproblemtellhimtofindthecauseoftheproblemaskamoreableworkmateforhelp3:Whenproblemshappen,winnerstakethemas.excusesfortheirmistakesdifficultiestogreaterpowerchancesforself-developmentchallengestotheirworkmates4:Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AWinner'sSecretB.AWinner'sProblemC.AWinner'sChanceD.AWinner'sAchievement【答案】DBCA【解析】短文大意:本文主要講述了一些成功人士的行事特征,告訴我們?nèi)绾巫雯`個(gè)成功的人.1:段落大意題。閱讀短文第一段Thisisthewinner'skeytosuccess.及本段用述可知,那些成功的人很少抱怨。故選Do2:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第二段Foranotherexample,ifyourworkmatecausesyouproblemsonthejobforshortofresponsibility（責(zé)任心、）orability,findwaysofdealingwithhisirresponsibilityorinabilityratherthansimplyblametheperson,謳亂可知你應(yīng)該想出更好的辦法來克服這個(gè)問題。故選Bo3:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文最后一段Theyarejustbetteratseeingthoseproblemsaschallenges（挑戰(zhàn)）andchancestodeveloptheirowntalents.其述,可知那些成功的人會(huì)把生活中的困難當(dāng)做是自我發(fā)展的機(jī)會(huì)。故選Co4:標(biāo)題歸納題。閱讀短文可知，本文主要講述了一些成功人士的行事特征,告訴我們?nèi)绾巫雯`個(gè)成功的人.故選Ao【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】閱讀技巧之略讀（初）【適用場合】課后一個(gè)月練習(xí)【難度系數(shù)】412【試題來源】【題目】Wewerestandingatthetopofachurchtower.MyfatherhadbroughtmetothishightowerinasmalltownnotfarfromourhomeinRome.Iwonderedwhy.“Lookdown,Elsa/'Fathersaid.Igatheredallmycourageandlookeddown.Isawthesquareinthecenterofthevillage.AndIsawseveralstreetsleadingtothesquare.“See,mydear,"Fathersaidgently."Thereismorethanonewaytothesquare.Lifeislikethat.Ifyoucan'tgettotheplacewhereyouwanttogobyoneroad,tryanother."NowIunderstoodwhyIwasthere.EarlierthatdayIhadbeggedmymothertodosomethingaboutthebadlunchesthatwereservedatschool.ButsherefusedbecauseshecouldnotbelievetheluncheswereasbadasIsaid.WhenIturnedtoFatherforhelp,hewouldnothelp.Instead,hebroughtmetothishightowertogivemealesson.Bythetimewereachedhome,Ihadaplan.Atschoolthenextday,Ipouredmylunchsoupintoabottleandbroughtithome.ThenIaskedourcooktoserveittoMotheratdinner.Theplanworkedperfectly.Shetriedonespoonfulandsputtered."Thecookmusthavegonemad!〃QuicklyItoldwhatIhaddone,andMotherpromisedthatshewouldtakeupthematteroflunchesatschoolthenextday!IntheyearsthatfollowedIoftenrememberedthelessonFathertaughtme.Ibegantoworkasafashiondesignertwoyearsago.Iwouldn'tstopworkinguntilItriedeverypossibleway.Father'swisewordsalwaysremindmethatthereismorethanonewaytothesquare.【選項(xiàng)】l:FatherbroughtElsatothetopofthechurchtowerto.havesportswithElsaexplainwhathemeansclearlyenjoytheviewshavearestthere2:Elsawantedhermothertoearlierthatday.dosomethingdeliciousforlunchknowhewascomplainingabouthislunchspeaktotheschoolaboutlunchchangetheterribleeatinghabit3:Bysharingherownexperiences,Elsatriesto