2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-外交學(xué)院考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)28

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-外交學(xué)院考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Myfatherwillbeheretomorrow,butatfirstIthoughtthathe（）today.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wascoming

B.iscoming

C.willcome

D.come

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)辨析。題干中的第一個(gè)分句用的是現(xiàn)在將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，第二個(gè)分句的主句用的是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)該使用表示過(guò)去將來(lái)的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，某些動(dòng)詞（如come，arrive，leave等）的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)可以表示將來(lái)。句意：我父親明天會(huì)來(lái)，但起初我以為他今天會(huì)來(lái)。因此，根據(jù)題意和語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.翻譯題

直到不久前，韓國(guó)以外還很少有人知道“江南”這個(gè)位于首爾東南部的一個(gè)上流社區(qū)，這里的居民數(shù)量約占首爾人口總數(shù)的5%。然后，樸載相橫空出世。更具體地說(shuō)，應(yīng)該是這位韓國(guó)流行歌手的單曲《江南Style》橫空出世。這首歌今年夏季在YouTube上紅透半邊天。整個(gè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)到處都是模仿它的視頻，從澳大利亞到秘魯都有以《江南Style》為主題的快閃活動(dòng)；喝著燒酒簽下美國(guó)唱片合約，占據(jù)美國(guó)電視黃金時(shí)段；甚至還有人深入分析騎馬舞。但對(duì)于很多人來(lái)說(shuō)，那個(gè)老問(wèn)題仍然存在：“江南”到底是什么樣的？江南區(qū)不乏知名品牌，但要想找到高端、小眾的精品時(shí)裝店，可以去Cheongdam和Shinsa等街區(qū)。在這里你會(huì)找到前衛(wèi)的國(guó)際品牌概念商店，還有本土?xí)r裝大牌。這里的商店都價(jià)格不菲，但要像樸載相所說(shuō)的那樣“穿得優(yōu)雅、舞得奔放”，就得花這個(gè)代價(jià)。奉恩寺(Bongeunsa)位于首爾江南區(qū)修道山上，是韓國(guó)歷史最悠久的寺廟之一。盡管在李氏王朝初期，儒家思想受到的推崇超過(guò)了佛教，但在16世紀(jì)中葉，在普雨(Bowoo)大禪師的指導(dǎo)下，奉恩寺作為韓國(guó)主要的禪宗佛教中心開始興旺起來(lái)。如果你想獲得一些點(diǎn)化，可以參加一個(gè)為期兩天的住寺活動(dòng)，主要是一些修身養(yǎng)性的活動(dòng)，比如齋飯、茶道和冥想等。

【答案】Untilrecently,fewpeopleoutsideofSouthKoreahadheardofGangnam,anupscaleneighborhoodinSeoul’ssoutheastthathousesroughly5%ofthecapital’spopulation.Then,asingernamedPsyhasmadethewholeworldamazing.

Morespecifically,theK-popmusician’s‘GangnamStyle’,whichwentviralonYouTubeoverthesummer.Videosof‘GangnamStyle’imitationshowcanbeseenallovertheinternet.‘GangnamStyle’flashmobsfromAustraliatoPeru.HavingsignedaUnitiedStatesrecorddealwithhisshochu;Psy’s‘GangnamStyle’dominatesAmericanTVprimetime.Andevendrawoutofanin-depthanalysesofthathorsedance.

Butformany,thequestionstillremains:WhatgoesoninGangnam,anyway?

There’sfullofbrandnamesinGangnam.Butforarangeofupscale,nicheboutiques,headtothedistrictsofCheongdamandShinsa.Thisiswhereyou’llfindfashion-forwardinternationalconceptstoresalongsidehome-grownhavensofchic.Storesherearen’tcheap,butthat’sthepriceyoupayto‘dressclassy,anddancecheesy,’asPsyputsit.

Bongeunsa,locatedinGangnamConventMountain,istheoldesttime-honoredtempleinSouthKorea.ThoughBuddhismwasmorepopularthanConfucianismearlyinLidynasty,undertheguidanceofBowoomaster,BongeunsabegantoprosperasSouthKorea’smainZenBuddhistCenterinthemid-16thcentury.

Ifyouwanttogetsomeenlightenment,youcantakepartinatwo-dayAbbotActivities,mainlyincludingself-cultivationactivities,suchasvegetarianfood,ateaceremonyandmeditation.

3.單選題

AnemergencyrightsissuebyHBOSwasaflop:only8.3%oftheBritishbank’ssharesweretakenupbyinvestors.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.misfeasance

B.washout

C.flame

D.optima

【答案】B

【解析】考查近義名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)misfeasance“過(guò)失；行為失檢；不當(dāng)行為”；B選項(xiàng)washout“沖刷；失敗者”；C選項(xiàng)flame“火焰；熱情；光輝”；D選項(xiàng)optima“最合適條件；最佳狀態(tài)”。句意：蘇格蘭哈里法克斯銀行（HBOS）的一次緊急配股發(fā)行失敗了：投資者只認(rèn)購(gòu)了這家英國(guó)銀行8.3%的股份。flop“徹底失敗，不成功；沉重、松散又笨拙的動(dòng)作”，B選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Gethimtosignthecontractbeforehehassecond（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.idea

B.ideas

C.thought

D.thoughts

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)搭配。secondthought“（單數(shù)）重新考慮”；secondthoughts“（復(fù)數(shù)）反復(fù)考慮”。句意：在他猶豫之前讓他簽合同。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

IhadadoptedtwoEuropeanclubsasmyown,watchedtheirgameseveryweekend,wastedworkhoursreadingblogsaboutthem,emotionallyinvestedmyselfintheirtravails.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exertions

B.gritties

C.emulations

D.stretches

【答案】B

【解析】考查近義名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)exertion“發(fā)揮；運(yùn)用；努力”；B選項(xiàng)gritty“堅(jiān)韌不拔；多沙”；C選項(xiàng)emulation“仿真（效）（技術(shù)）；模仿（擬）；競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；效法”；D選項(xiàng)stretches“一片；一泓；一段；（連續(xù)的）一段時(shí)間；服刑期”。句意：我接納了兩家歐洲俱樂(lè)部，每個(gè)周末都觀看他們的比賽，把工作時(shí)間浪費(fèi)在閱讀有關(guān)他們的博客上，全身心地投入到他們的苦戰(zhàn)中。travail“艱苦勞動(dòng)；煎熬，痛苦，艱辛”，B選項(xiàng)與該詞詞意最相近，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Beneaththerhetoricaboutwhoispracticingapurerformofthesportisanastybattleoverwhowilldominateaccesstotherocks——aficionadosof“sport”.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.creators

B.enthusiasts

C.organizers

D.advocators

【答案】B

【解析】考查同義名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)creators“創(chuàng)作者，造物主”；B選項(xiàng)enthusiasts“熱心人，熱衷者，狂熱者”；C選項(xiàng)organizers“主辦單位，舉辦方，舉辦者”；D選項(xiàng)advocator“提倡者，擁護(hù)者”。句意：在關(guān)于誰(shuí)在練習(xí)一種更純粹的運(yùn)動(dòng)形式的言辭背后，是一場(chǎng)關(guān)于誰(shuí)將主導(dǎo)進(jìn)入巖石運(yùn)動(dòng)的惡戰(zhàn)——“體育”的狂熱者。Aficionados“迷，狂熱愛好者”，B選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Iwouldratherhavehis（）thanhiscompany.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.room

B.house

C.coat

D.assets

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)room“房間；空間；余地；機(jī)會(huì)；房間里所有的人”；B選項(xiàng)house“住宅；家庭；機(jī)構(gòu)；議會(huì)；某種用途的建筑物”；C選項(xiàng)coat“外套；上衣；大衣；女大衣”；D選項(xiàng)assets“資產(chǎn)；寶貴的人才；有益的品質(zhì)；財(cái)產(chǎn)；有利條件；有價(jià)值的人或物”。ratherhaveone’sroomthanhiscompany“不愿與某人結(jié)伴為伍”，與preferone’sroomtohiscompany同義。句意：我不愿與他結(jié)伴為伍。

8.單選題

Ozoneisabluishgasthatisharmfultobreathe.Nearly90%oftheEarth’sozoneisinthestratosphereandisreferredtoastheozonelayer.OzoneabsorbsabandofultravioletradiationcalledUVBthatisparticularlyharmfultolivingorganisms.Stratosphericozoneisconstantlybeingcreatedanddestroyedthroughnaturalcycles.Variousozonedepletingsubstanceshowever,acceleratethedestructionprocesses,resultinginlowerthannormalozonelevels.ReductionsinozonelevelswillleadtohigherlevelsofUVBreachingtheEarth’ssurface.Thesun’soutputofUVBdoesnotchange;rather,lessozonemeanslessprotection,andhencemoreUVBreachestheEarth.StudieshaveshownthatintheAntarctic,theamountofUVBmeasuredatthesurfacecandoubleduringtheannualozonehole.LaboratoryandepidemiologicalstudiesdemonstratethatUVBcausesnonmelanomaskincancerandplaysamajorroleinmalignantmelanomadevelopment.Inaddition,UVBhasbeenlinkedtocataracts.

DramaticlossofozoneinthelowerstratosphereoverAntarcticawasfirstnoticedinthe1970sbyaresearchgroupfromtheBritishAntarcticSurvey(BAS)whoweremonitoringtheatmosphereaboveAntarcticafromaresearchstation.Folklorehasitthatwhenthefirstmeasurementsweretakenin1975,thedropinozonelevelsinthestratospherewassodramaticthatatfirstthescientiststhoughttheirinstrumentswerefaulty.Replacementinstrumentswerebuiltandflownoutanditwasn’tuntiltheyconfirmedtheearliermeasurements,severalmonthslater,thattheozonedepletionobservedwasacceptedasgenuine.AnotherstorygoesthattheBASsatellitedatadidn’tshowthedramaticlossofozonebecausethesoftwareprocessingtherawozonedatafromthesatellitewasprogrammedtotreatverylowvaluesofozoneasbadreadings.LateranalysisoftherawdatawhentheresultsfromtheBritishAntarcticSurveyteamwerepublished,confirmedtheirresultsandshowedthatthelosswasrapidandlarge-scale;overmostoftheAntarcticacontinent.

Ozoneoccursnaturallyintheatmosphere.Theearth’satmosphereiscomposedofseverallayers.WeliveintheTroposphere,groundleveluptoabout10kmhigh,wheremostoftheweatheroccurssuch/asrain,snowandclouds.AbovethatistheStratosphere,animportantregioninwhicheffectssuchastheOzoneHoleandGlobalWarmingoriginate.ThelayernexttospaceistheExosphereandthengoinginwardstherearetheThermosphereandtheMesosphere.Supersonicpassengerjetsflyjustabovethetropospherewhereassubsoniccommercialairlinersareusuallywellinthetroposphere.ThenarrowregionbetweenthesetwopartsoftheatmosphereiscalledtheTropopause.Ozoneformsalayerinthestratosphere,thinnestinthetropicsanddensertowardsthepoles.Theamountofozoneaboveapointontheearth’ssurfaceismeasuredinDobsonunits(DU)—typically~260DUnearthetropicsandhigherelsewhere,thoughtherearelargeseasonalfluctuations.Itiscreatedwhenultravioletradiationintheformofsunlightstrikesthestratosphere,splittingoxygenmoleculestoatomicoxygen.Theatomicoxygenquicklycombineswithfurtheroxygenmoleculestoformozone.

TheOzoneHoleoftengetsconfusedinthepopularpressandbythegeneralpublicwiththeproblemofglobalwarming.Whilstthereisaconnectionbecauseozonecontributestothegreenhouseeffect,theOzoneHoleisaseparateissue.OverAntarctica(andrecentlyovertheArctic),stratosphericozonehasbeendepletedoverthelast15yearsatcertaintimesoftheyear.Thisismainlyduetothereleaseofman-madechemicalscontainingchlorinesuchasCFCs(Chlorofluorocarbons),butalsocompoundscontainingbromine,otherrelatedhalogencompoundsandalsonitrogenoxides.CFCsareacommonindustrialproduct,usedinrefrigerationsystems,airconditioners,aerosols,solventsandintheproductionofsometypesofpackaging.Nitrogenoxidesareaby-productofcombustionprocesses,forexampleaircraftemissions.

TheozonedepleteonprocessbeginswhenCFCsandotherozonedepletingsubstancesareemittedintotheatmospherewherewindsefficientlymixandevenlydistributethegases.CFCsareextremelystable,andtheydonotdissolveinrain.AfteraperiodofseveralyearsnaturalgasesinthestratospherecombinewithCFCsandthisreleaseschlorineatoms,halonsandmethylbromide.Theseinturnallreleasebromineatomsanditistheseatomsthatactuallydestroyozone.Itisestimatedthatonechlorineatomcandestroyover100,000ozonemoleculesbeforeitisremovedfromthestratosphere.

ThefirstglobalagreementtorestrictCFCscamewiththesigningoftheMontrealProtocolin1987ultimatelyaimingtoreducethembyhalfbytheyear2000.Tworevisionsofthisagreementhavebeenmadeinthelightofadvancesinscientificunderstanding,thelatestbeingin1992.Agreementhasbeenreachedonthecontrolofindustrialproductionofmanyhalocarbonsuntiltheyear2030.ThemainCFCswillnotbeproducedbyanyofthesignatoriesaftertheendof1995,exceptforalimitedamountforessentialuses,suchasformedicalsprays.ThecountriesoftheEuropeanCommunityhaveadoptedevenstrictermeasures.RecognizingtheirresponsibilitytotheglobalenvironmenttheyhaveagreedtohaltproductionofthemainCFCsfromthebeginningof1995.Itwasanticipatedthattheselimitationswouldleadtoarecoveryoftheozonelayerwithin50yearsof2000.TheWorldMeteorologicalOrganizationestimated2045butrecentinvestigationssuggesttheproblemisperhapsonamuchlargerscalethananticipated.

1.ItisacommonmistaketoassociatetheOzoneHoleproblemwith（）.

2.Commonhouseholdappliancescontributeto（）.

3.Internationalagreementswilleventuallyleadto（）.

4.AnapocryphalBASstorycitesthatequipmentwaschangedtomeasure（）.

5.TheOzonelayerisdestroyedbyaby-productofCFCsreactingwith（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theissueoftheheatingupoftheearth’satmosphere

B.themeasurementofCFCsinDobsonunits

C.thedramaticlossofozoneinthelowerstratosphereoverAntarctica

D.thehigherlevelsofUVBreachingtheEarth’ssurface

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.globalwarming

B.thereleaseofaerosolsandsolvents

C.thestabilizationofCFCsintheair

D.thedischargeofsyntheticchemicalsintotheatmosphere

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.recentinvestigationsintothestrengthofDobsonUnits

B.thecessationofthereleaseofmostCFCgasesintotheatmosphere

C.thescientificunderstandingintheinternationalcommunity

D.thereductionofindustrialproductionofmanyhalocarbons

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thelocationofthelayerrelativetotheearth

B.thesatelliteorbitingtheearth

C.therawdataofthedramaticlossofozone

D.theapparentlyanomalousreadingstakenearlier

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thenormalcomponentsoftheearth’satmosphere

B.chlorineatoms,halonsandmethylbromide

C.aircraftemissions

D.atomicoxygen

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第四段的第一句話“TheOzoneHoleoftengetsconfusedinthepopularpressandbythegeneralpublicwiththeproblemofglobalwarming.（大眾媒體把臭氧空洞和全球變暖問(wèn)題搞混了。）”。A選項(xiàng)“地球大氣層升溫的問(wèn)題”正確；B選項(xiàng)“以多布森單位測(cè)量氯氟烴”；C選項(xiàng)“南極洲上空平流層低層臭氧的顯著損失”；D選項(xiàng)“到達(dá)地球表面的較高水平的中波”不符合題意，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第四段，第四段說(shuō)到臭氧會(huì)導(dǎo)致溫室效應(yīng)，臭氧層的破壞與人類釋放含氯的人造化學(xué)品，以及含有溴的化合物、其他相關(guān)鹵素化合物和氮氧化物有關(guān)，這些化合物通常存在于家用電器中，從而導(dǎo)致全球變暖，由此可知家用電器可能與全球變暖有關(guān)聯(lián)。A選項(xiàng)“全球變暖”正確；B選項(xiàng)“氣溶膠和溶劑的釋放”；C選項(xiàng)“氯氟烴在空氣中的穩(wěn)定性”；D選項(xiàng)“合成化學(xué)物質(zhì)排放到大氣中”都不符合題意，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后一段第三句話“Agreementhasbeenreachedonthecontrolofindustrialproductionofmanyhalocarbonsuntiltheyear2030.（已就到2030年控制許多鹵化碳的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)達(dá)成協(xié)議。）”，由此可知國(guó)際協(xié)議最終將導(dǎo)致鹵化碳的減少。A選項(xiàng)“最近對(duì)多布森單位力量的調(diào)查”；B選項(xiàng)“停止向大氣中釋放大部分氯氟烴氣體”；C選項(xiàng)“國(guó)際社會(huì)對(duì)科學(xué)的理解”都不符合題意，D選項(xiàng)“工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中許多鹵化碳的減少”符合題意，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段第二句“Folklorehasitthatwhenthefirstmeasurementsweretakenin1975,thedropinozonelevelsinthestratospherewassodramaticthatatfirstthescientiststhoughttheirinstrumentswerefaulty.（民間傳說(shuō)，當(dāng)1975年首次進(jìn)行測(cè)量時(shí)，平流層的臭氧水平急劇下降，以至于起初科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為他們的儀器出了問(wèn)題。）”，由此可知科學(xué)家們更換儀器是為了測(cè)量差距過(guò)大的數(shù)據(jù)。A選項(xiàng)“這層相對(duì)于地球的位置”；B選項(xiàng)“衛(wèi)星繞地球運(yùn)行”；C選項(xiàng)“臭氧顯著損失的原始數(shù)據(jù)”；D選項(xiàng)“明顯不正常的讀數(shù)”。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第五段的第二至四句話“CFCsareextremelystable,andtheydonotdissolveinrain.AfteraperiodofseveralyearsnaturalgasesinthestratospherecombinewithCFCsandthisreleaseschlorineatoms,halonsandmethylbromide.Theseinturnallreleasebromineatomsanditistheseatomsthatactuallydestroyozone.（氯氟烴非常穩(wěn)定，不會(huì)在雨中溶解。幾年后，平流層中的天然氣與氯氟烴結(jié)合，釋放出氯原子、哈龍和甲基溴。這些原子依次釋放出溴原子，而正是這些原子破壞了臭氧）”。A選項(xiàng)“地球大氣的正常組成部分”；B選項(xiàng)“氯原子，哈龍和甲基溴”；C選項(xiàng)“飛機(jī)排放”；D選項(xiàng)“原子氧”。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

China’sresponsetoNorthKorea’sshellingofYeonpyeongIslandtwoweeksagohasbeenremarkablyflaccid.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.firm

B.shrewd

C.ambiguous

D.limp

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)firm“堅(jiān)定的；牢固的；嚴(yán)格的；結(jié)實(shí)的；堅(jiān)決的；牢牢控制的；堅(jiān)挺的”；B選項(xiàng)shrewd“精明的；狡猾的；機(jī)靈的”；C選項(xiàng)ambiguous“模糊不清的，模棱兩可的；不明確的，不明朗的；引起歧義的”；D選項(xiàng)limp“柔軟的，無(wú)力的；軟弱的”。句意：中國(guó)對(duì)朝鮮兩周前炮擊延坪島的反應(yīng)，一直表現(xiàn)得非常遲緩。flaccid“松弛的，軟弱的；蔫軟的；無(wú)活力的；不見成效的”，D選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Thisshouldbea（）foryou,weallknowyouwillfinishitintime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cakehole

B.cakewalk

C.catchall

D.catcall

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)cakehole“嘴巴”；B選項(xiàng)cakewalk“步態(tài)競(jìng)賽，一種步態(tài)舞，易如反掌之事”；C選項(xiàng)catchall“裝雜物的容器，總受器，分沫器”；D選項(xiàng)catcall“噓聲，不滿之聲，喝倒彩”。句意：這對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)應(yīng)該是輕而易舉的事，我們都知道你會(huì)按時(shí)完成的。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Itwasunusualforthere（）sofewstudentsintheclassroom.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobe

B.be

C.being

D.are

【答案】A

【解析】考查句式。介詞for后面跟的存在句采用不定式形式。句意：教室里的學(xué)生這么少是不尋常的。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Caruthers’slatestliterarycriticism（）herreputationfortrenchantcommentary;despiteitsintriguingtitleandthefulsomepraiseonitsdustjacket,itisnothingmorethanacollectionof（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reinforces,pronouncements

B.advances,aphorisms

C.belies,platitudes

D.undermines,judgments

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞和名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)reinforces,pronouncements“加強(qiáng)，加固；強(qiáng)化；補(bǔ)充”，“聲明；宣告；公告；判決”；B選項(xiàng)advances,aphorisms“提出；預(yù)付；使……前進(jìn)；將……提前；前進(jìn)；進(jìn)展；上漲”，“格言；警句”；C選項(xiàng)belies,platitudes“掩飾；與……不符；使失望；證明……虛假錯(cuò)誤”，“陳詞濫調(diào)；平凡；陳腐”；D選項(xiàng)undermines,judgments

“破壞，漸漸破壞；挖掘地基”，“判斷；裁判；判決書；辨別力”。句意：卡拉瑟斯最新的文學(xué)批評(píng)掩蓋了她犀利評(píng)論的名聲；盡管書名引人入勝，書皮上也有溢美之詞，但這本書不過(guò)是陳詞濫調(diào)的集合。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

JuliaGillard,Australia’sprimeminister,wasforcedtodropacontroversialproposaltofunneltheprocessingofpeopleseekingasyluminhercountrythroughMalaysia.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.channel

B.siphon

C.clag

D.scintillate

【答案】A

【解析】考查近義動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)channel“引導(dǎo)，開導(dǎo)；提供資金；輸送；開辟水道，形成凹槽”；B選項(xiàng)siphon“用虹吸管吸出；抽取”；C選項(xiàng)clag“阻礙；妨礙；凝結(jié)”；D選項(xiàng)scintillate“發(fā)出火花；閃爍”。句意：澳大利亞總理朱莉婭?吉拉德（JuliaGillard）被迫放棄一項(xiàng)有爭(zhēng)議的提案，該提案要求通過(guò)馬來(lái)西亞來(lái)處理在澳大利亞尋求庇護(hù)的人。funnel“流經(jīng)狹窄空間；通過(guò)漏斗將……導(dǎo)入；匯集，傳送”，A選項(xiàng)與該詞詞意最相近，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Whenthecrowdsawtheprize-fighterstretchedoutonthecanvas,shoutsandcheers（）fromit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.brokeup

B.brokeforth

C.brokethrough

D.brokeupon

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)brokeup“分手；結(jié)束，打碎”；B選項(xiàng)breakforth“迸發(fā)；噴發(fā)；爆發(fā)”；C選項(xiàng)breakthrough“突破；突圍；沖破；取得突破性成就”；D選項(xiàng)breakupon“顯露；突然出現(xiàn)”。句意：當(dāng)人們看見那位職業(yè)拳擊手四肢攤開躺在拳臺(tái)上時(shí)，場(chǎng)上爆發(fā)出歡呼聲和吶喊聲。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Agoodmanyhouses（）knockeddownbytheearthquake.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.was

B.were

C.is

D.are

【答案】B

【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)題干中的houses可知空格處的be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式，故排除A選項(xiàng)和C選項(xiàng)。句意：許多房子在地震中被震垮了。根據(jù)句意可知地震是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，所以用wereknockeddown，即被動(dòng)式的過(guò)去，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Iquizmyselfonceinawhile:HowmanyofficialSouthAfricanlanguagescanIname?Thereareeleven-Afrikaans,English,Ndebele,Pedi,Sotho,Swazi,Tsonga,Tswana,Venda,Xhosa,andZulu—butIusuallyget（1）aroundsixorseven.IoftenwonderhowtheSouthAfricangovernmentcan（2）themall.Itturnsoutthattheyreallycan’t.

Manylanguagesareregulatedbysomekindofauthority,suchasSpain’sRealAcademiaEspanola(agovernmentbody)orFrance’sAcademieFrancaise(moreofanoutsideadvisor).SouthAfrica’selevenlanguagesareallregulatedbythechronicallyunderfundedPanSouthAfricanLanguageBoard,agovernmentaldepartment.Englishisinnodanger,ofcourse.Afrikaansismostlyregulatedbyaseparatebody.Asaresult,PanSALBconcernsitselfmostly（3）thenineofficialBantulanguages,aswellasKhoi,SanandSouthAfricanSignLanguage.

IwrotelastweekthatliteratureinsouthernAfricanlanguagesis（4）beforeeverhavingachancetobe（5）.Yes,therearesocialandhistoricalreasonswhyliteraturedevelopmenthasbeen（6）.Butsomeblamerests（7）PanSALB,thesoleinstitutiondedicatedtotheselanguages.Itisrepeatedlyaccusedofcorruptionandmismanagement.Duringarecentinquiry,itwasuncooperative.Theparliament’sculturecommitteehasvotedtoreducefundingforPanSALBuntilit“gotitshousein（8）”,afterwonderingaloudinAprilhowitsbudgetof56mrand($6.9m)producedsolittle.ThandileSunduza,thechairwomanofthecommittee,thinksitbesttoeliminatePanSALBaltogether,sayinginMay“Thereisnothingthathasbeendone-noprogram,nothing,anymoney.Thereisnothing.”

Tobesure,mismanagementis（9）inSouthAfrica’sgovernment.EvenifPanSALBwereabletoproducetextbooksin,say,Pedi,recenteventssuggestthattheywouldnever（10）ittoPedi-speakingstudentsinLimpopoprovince.Butforinfantliteratures,PanSALB’sincompetencecouldbefatal.PanSALBistheonlymajorfundingandsupportlifelineformanySouthAfricanlanguages.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stuck

B.caught

C./

D.mad

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.keepaneyeon

B.keepaneyeat

C.keeptrackof

D.keeptrackon

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.on

C.with

D.of

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.slow

B.sick

C.booming

D.decent

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.good

B.healthy

C.vulgar

D.popular

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.down

B.gone

C.slow

D.developed

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.to

C.on

D.upon

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.order

B.time

C.finance

D.full

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.rare

B.respected

C.dissected

D.endemic

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.make

B.bring

C.take

D.seek

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:B

第6題:C

第7題:A

第8題:A

第9題:D

第10題:A

【解析】1.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)getstuck“被卡住”；B選項(xiàng)getcaught“被抓到，被捕”；D選項(xiàng)getmad“變得著迷”。句意：有十一種南非語(yǔ)言——南非荷蘭語(yǔ)、英語(yǔ)……，但我通常____六、七種。由此可知雖然有十一種語(yǔ)言，但作者不能記住全部，在6、7種的時(shí)候就卡住了，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)keepaneyeon“照看，留意，密切注視”；B選項(xiàng)keepaneyeat“密切關(guān)注”；C選項(xiàng)keeptrackof“記錄，與……保持聯(lián)系”；D選項(xiàng)keeptrackon“監(jiān)控”。句意：我常常想南非政府怎么能_____這十一種語(yǔ)言。然而事實(shí)證明，他們也不能。根據(jù)句意可知該處填記錄更符合文意，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.考查固定搭配。由句子可知空格處應(yīng)填與concern搭配的介詞，關(guān)于concern的搭配有：concernwith“與……有關(guān)，關(guān)心”；concernon“關(guān)注”。句意：因此，語(yǔ)言委員會(huì)主要關(guān)心的是九種班圖官方語(yǔ)言，以及霍伊語(yǔ)、桑語(yǔ)和南非手語(yǔ)。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)slow“慢的，減速的，遲鈍的”；B選項(xiàng)sick“厭惡的，病態(tài)的，不舒服，渴望的，惡心的，生病的”；C選項(xiàng)booming“飛速發(fā)展的，繁榮的，（聲音）低沉洪亮的，奮力撞擊的”；D選項(xiàng)decent“正派的，得體的，相當(dāng)好的”。由下文第二句中的blame（指責(zé)）在于/取決于……可知前文情感基調(diào)是想表明在南非語(yǔ)言有一個(gè)健康發(fā)展的機(jī)會(huì)之前，其發(fā)展?fàn)顩r并不樂(lè)觀。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。聯(lián)系59題可知，在南非語(yǔ)言有一個(gè)健康發(fā)展的機(jī)會(huì)之前，其發(fā)展?fàn)顩r并不樂(lè)觀。所以該空應(yīng)填與sick相對(duì)應(yīng)的詞，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

6.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)down“不高興的，情緒低落的”；B選項(xiàng)gone“離去的，死去的，神情恍惚的，無(wú)望的，很棒的”；C選項(xiàng)slow“慢的，減速的，遲鈍的”；D選項(xiàng)developed“發(fā)達(dá)的（國(guó)家或地區(qū)），成熟的”。句意：文學(xué)語(yǔ)言發(fā)展____有歷史和社會(huì)原因。根據(jù)上文可知該空應(yīng)填的詞義為“緩慢”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.考查固定搭配。restwith“在于/取決于”。句意：但有些人要怪罪于唯一致力于這些語(yǔ)言的機(jī)構(gòu)——語(yǔ)言委員會(huì)。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)inorder“整齊，秩序井然，按順序，狀況良好”；B選項(xiàng)intime“及時(shí)，適時(shí)”；C選項(xiàng)finance“財(cái)政，財(cái)政學(xué)，金融”；D選項(xiàng)infull“全部，全額，充足”。文中是指該組委會(huì)應(yīng)該清理干凈自己的房子，即將自身腐敗和管理不善的問(wèn)題逐一解決。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

9.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)rare“稀有的，稀薄的，半熟的”；B選項(xiàng)respected“受尊敬的”；C選項(xiàng)dissected“切開的，分開的，多裂的”；D選項(xiàng)endemic“地方性的，風(fēng)土的”。句意：很肯定的是，管理不善這一問(wèn)題是南非政府的一項(xiàng)地方性通病。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

10.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。上文說(shuō)到語(yǔ)言委員會(huì)有能力為說(shuō)佩迪語(yǔ)言的學(xué)生制作教材，但是最近的事件表明他們不會(huì)給林波波省那些說(shuō)佩迪語(yǔ)言的學(xué)生制作學(xué)習(xí)教材。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

QuestionsgrewoverSilvioBerlusconi’sabilitytoholdhiscoalitiontogether,afterheonlynarrowlywonavoteof（）inthelowerhouseofItaly’sparliament.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.confidence

B.account

C.thanks

D.support

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)confidence“信心，信任，秘密”；B選項(xiàng)account“賬戶，解釋，賬目，賬單，理由，描述”；C選項(xiàng)thanks“謝謝”；D選項(xiàng)support“支持，幫助，支撐物，支撐，扶持，物質(zhì)援助，安慰”。句意：西爾維奧?貝盧斯科尼(SilvioBerlusconi)在意大利議會(huì)下院僅以微弱優(yōu)勢(shì)贏得一票支持后，人們對(duì)他維持聯(lián)盟團(tuán)結(jié)的能力產(chǎn)生了質(zhì)疑。avoteofsupport投票支持，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Thesealaylikeanunbrokenmirrorallaroundthepine-girl,lonelyshoresofOrr’sIsland.Tall,kinglysprucesworetheirregalcrownsofconeshighinair,sparklingwithdiamondsofclearexudedgum;vastoldhemlocksofprimevalgrowthstooddarklingintheirforestshadows,theirbrancheshungwithlonghoarymoss;whilefeatherylarches,turnedtobrilliantgoldbyautumnfrosts,lightedupthedarkershadowsoftheevergreens.Itwasoneofthosehazy,calm,dissolvingdaysofIndiansummer,wheneverythingissoquietthatthefaintestkissoftheWaveonthebeachcanbeheard,andwhitecloudsseemtofaintintotheblueofthesky,andsoftswathingbandsofvioletvapormakeallearthlookdreamy,andgivetothesharp,clear-cutoutlinesofthenorthernlandscapeallthosemysteriesoflightandshadewhichimpartsuchtendernesstoItalianscenery.

Thefuneralwasover,thetreadofmanyfeet,bearingtheheavyburdenoftwobrokenlives,hadbeentothelonelygraveyard,andhadcomebackagain,eachfootsteplighterandmoreunconstrainedaseachonewenthiswayfromthegreatoldtragedyofDeathtothecommoncheerfulwalksoflife.

Thesolemnblackclockstoodswayingwithitseternal“tick-tock,tick-tock”inthekitchenofthebrownhouseonOrr’sIsland.Therewastherethatsenseofastillnessthatcanbefelt,suchassettlersdownonadwellingwhenanyofitsinmateshavepassedthroughitsdoorforthelasttime,togowhencetheyshallnotreturn.Thebestroomwasshutupanddarkened,withonlysomuchlightascouldfallthroughalittleheart-shapedholeinthewidow-shutter,forexceptonsolemnvisits,orprayer-meetings,orweddings,orfunerals,thatroomformednopartofthedailyfamilyscenery.

Thekitchenwascleanandample,withagreatopenfireplaceandwidestonehearth,andovenononeside,androwsofold-fashionedsplint-bottomedchairsagainstthewall.Atablescouredtosnowywhiteness,andalittlework-standwhereonlaytheBible,theMissionaryHerald,andtheWeeklyChristianMirror,beforenamed,formedtheprincipalfurniture.Onefeature,however,mustnotbeforgotten,agreatsea-chest,whichhadbeenthecompanionofZephaniahthroughallthecountriesoftheearth.Old,andbattered,andunsightlyityetreportsaidthattherewasgoodstorewithinofthatwhichmenforthemostpartrespectmorethananythingelse;andindeed,itprovedoftenwhenadeedofgracewastobedone,whenawomanwassuddenlymadeawidowinacoastgale,orafishing-smackwasrundowninthefrogsoffthebanks,leavinginsomeneighboringcottageafamilyoforphans,inallsuchcases,theopeningthissea-chestwasaneventofgoodomentothebereaved;forZephaniahhadalargeheartandalargehand,andwasapttotakeitoutfullofsilverdollarswhenonceitwentin.SotheArkoftheCovenantcouldnothavebeenlookedonwithmorereverencethantheneighborsusuallyshowedtoCaptainPennell’ssea-chest.

1.ThewriterdescribesOrr’sIslandina（）manner.

2.Accordingtothepassage,the“bestroom”（）

3.Fromthedescriptionofthekitchenwecaninferthatthehousebelongstopeoplewho（）.

4.Thepassageimpliesthat（）.

5.FromthedescriptionofZephaniahwecantellthathe（）

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.emotionallyappealing,imaginative

B.rational,logicallyprecise

C.factuallydetailed,objective

D.vague,uncertain

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.hasitsmanywindowsboardedup.

B.hashadthefurnitureremoved.

C.isusedonlyonformalandceremoniousoccasions.

D.isthebusiestroominthehouse.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.neverhaveguests

B.likemodernreligious

C.probablyreligious

D.dislikehousework

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.fewpeopleattendedthefuneral

B.fishingisasecurevocation

C.theIslandisdenselypopulated

D.thehousebelongedtothedeceased

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.wasphysicallyaverybigman.

B.preferredthelonelylifeofasailor.

C.alwaysstayedathome.

D.wasfrugalandsavedalotofmoney.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.判斷推理題。文章第一段作者在描寫奧爾島及周圍環(huán)境時(shí)，用了大量關(guān)乎情感色彩的形容詞和動(dòng)詞加以述說(shuō)，充分調(diào)動(dòng)讀者的想象，引起感官上的共鳴。A選項(xiàng)“情感上有吸引力，富有想象力”；B選項(xiàng)“理性的，邏輯上精確的”；C選項(xiàng)“事實(shí)詳細(xì)的，客觀的”；D選項(xiàng)“模糊不清的”。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第三段“Thebestroomwasshutupanddarkened,withonlysomuchlightascouldfallthroughalittleheart-shapedholeinthewidow-shutter,forexceptonsolemnvisits,orprayer-meetings,orweddings,orfunerals,thatroomformednopartofthedailyfamilyscenery.（最好的一間屋子關(guān)得嚴(yán)嚴(yán)的，昏暗的，只有從百葉窗上一個(gè)心形的小洞透進(jìn)來(lái)的光線，因?yàn)槌嗽谇f嚴(yán)的拜訪、祈禱會(huì)、婚禮或葬禮上，這間屋子是不構(gòu)成家庭日常生活的一部分的。）”，由此可知A選項(xiàng)“它的許多窗戶都用木板封住了”；B選項(xiàng)“已經(jīng)把家具搬走了”以及D選項(xiàng)“是家里最忙的房間”都不正確，C選項(xiàng)“只在正式和隆重的場(chǎng)合使用”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第四段“Atablescouredtosnowywhiteness,andalittlework-standwhereonlaytheBible,theMissionaryHerald,andtheWeeklyChristianMirror,beforenamed,formedtheprincipalfurniture.（一張擦得雪白的桌子，一個(gè)小針線架，上面放著事先提到的《圣經(jīng)》《傳教士傳令報(bào)》和《基督教鏡報(bào)》，構(gòu)成了這里的主要陳設(shè)。）”，由此可推斷出房子的主人可能是位宗教信徒。A選項(xiàng)“很少有客人”；B選項(xiàng)“喜歡現(xiàn)代宗教”；D選項(xiàng)“不喜歡做家務(wù)”說(shuō)法都不夠確切，C選項(xiàng)“可能是宗教信徒”符合題意，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.判斷推理題。聯(lián)系全文，隨處可見筆墨眾多的環(huán)境靜態(tài)描寫，而描寫房子時(shí)并未提到有人物活動(dòng)的動(dòng)態(tài)描寫。因此可推斷出該房子是死者的。A選項(xiàng)“很少有人參加葬禮”；B選項(xiàng)“捕魚是一份有保障的職業(yè)”；C選項(xiàng)“這個(gè)島人口密集”都不準(zhǔn)確，只有D選項(xiàng)“該房子屬于死者”符合題意，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后一段“Onefeature,however,mustnotbeforgotten,agreatsea-chest,whichhadbeenthecompanionofZephaniahthroughallthecountriesoftheearth.（然而，有一件事不能忘記，那就是一個(gè)航海用的大箱子，這是西番雅周游世界的伙伴。）”，由此可推斷出Zephaniah可能是個(gè)水手，且游歷全球時(shí)只有一個(gè)從海底撈起來(lái)的箱子做伴，略顯孤獨(dú)。A選項(xiàng)“他身材魁梧”；C選項(xiàng)“總是待在家里”；D選項(xiàng)“他很節(jié)儉，省了很多錢”說(shuō)法都不準(zhǔn)確，B選項(xiàng)“寧愿過(guò)水手的孤獨(dú)生活”準(zhǔn)確，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

NolongeraretheseconsideredarcanequestionsthatdrawscrutinyonlyfromthefewWashingtonianswhoreadthe“noticesofproposedrule-making”intheFederalReserve.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.feasible

B.challenging

C.little-known

D.hidden

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)feasible“可行的；可能的；可實(shí)行的”；B選項(xiàng)challenging“挑戰(zhàn)的；引起挑戰(zhàn)性興趣的”；C選項(xiàng)little-known“鮮為人知的；很少人知的”；D選項(xiàng)hidden“隱藏的”。句意：這些被認(rèn)為是晦澀難懂的問(wèn)題，不再只會(huì)引起少數(shù)讀過(guò)美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)的“擬議規(guī)則制定通知”華盛頓人的關(guān)注。arcane“神秘的；晦澀難解的；秘傳的”，C選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Ididn’treadtheblurb;I（）straightintothefirstchapter.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.dived

B.ran

C.plunged

D.read

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)diveinto“迅速把手伸入；投入；一心投入；跳入（指的是跳水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)動(dòng)作，運(yùn)動(dòng)員的那種頭朝下的）”；B選項(xiàng)runinto“遭遇，陷入；撞上，撞到；偶然遇見”；C選項(xiàng)plungeinto“投入；跳入（主要指暴力一些的進(jìn)入，比如車失控沖進(jìn)水里；人郁悶地把頭埋進(jìn)冷水盆里）；突然或倉(cāng)促地開始某事；猛沖；使突然陷入；縱身投入”；D選項(xiàng)readinto“曲解；加上另外的意思于；隱藏某種意義”。句意：我沒(méi)有讀簡(jiǎn)介，直接倉(cāng)促地開始讀第一章。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

21.單選題

Justastheauthor’sbookoneelsisoftenakeytextforcoursesinmarinevertebratezoology,theirideasonanimaldevelopmentandphylogeny（）teachinginthisarea.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.prevent

B.defy

C.replicate

D.inform

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)prevent“預(yù)防，防止；阻止；妨礙，阻止”；B選項(xiàng)defy“藐視；公然反抗；挑釁；使落空”；C選項(xiàng)replicate“復(fù)制；折疊；重復(fù)；折轉(zhuǎn)”；D選項(xiàng)inform“通知；告訴；報(bào)告；告發(fā)；告密”。句意：就像作者關(guān)于鰻魚的書經(jīng)常是海洋脊椎動(dòng)物學(xué)課程的關(guān)鍵文本一樣，他們關(guān)于動(dòng)物發(fā)展和系統(tǒng)發(fā)育的觀點(diǎn)也影響著這一領(lǐng)域的教學(xué)。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

22.單選題

Accordingtotheconditionsofmyscholarship,afterfinishingmydegree（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.myeducationwillbeemployedbytheuniversity

B.employmentwillbegiventomebytheuniversity

C.theuniversitywillemployme

D.Iwillbeemployedbytheuniversity

【答案】D

【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。該句強(qiáng)調(diào)的對(duì)象是“我”，因此主句的主語(yǔ)必須是“我”。句意：根據(jù)我獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的條件，在結(jié)束學(xué)習(xí)之后，我將被這所大學(xué)錄用。A選項(xiàng)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“myeducation”；B選項(xiàng)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“employment”；C選項(xiàng)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“theuniversity”；只有D選項(xiàng)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“I”。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

23.單選題

ItisGasNatural’sthird