2022年考研考博-考博英語-對外經濟貿易大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號53

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-對外經濟貿易大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

IfEnglandhadwontheRevolutionaryWar,thewholehistoryoftheEnglish-speaking

A

B

C

worldhadbeendifferent.

D

問題1選項

A.hadwon

B.the

C.English-speaking

D.hadbeen

【答案】D

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。if引導的虛擬語氣，對過去情況假設，主句：主語＋would/should/might/couldhave＋動詞過去分詞，從句：had＋動詞過去分詞。

試題答案：D;wouldhavebeen

2.問答題

Aconflict(A)wagedtoensurethesurvivalofthehuman(B)speciesisboundtobringhumansclosertogether.Technologicalprogresshasthusprovedtobeadouble-edgedsword,(C)givingrisetoanewformofconflict:a(D)crashbetweenManandNature.

【答案】D；“crash”改為“clash”。

【解析】考查名詞。句意：為確保人類生存而進行的斗爭必然會使人類更緊密地結合在一起。因此，技術進步被證明是一把雙刃劍，引發(fā)了一種新的沖突形式:人與自然的沖突。名詞“crash”作名詞時詞義為“（交通工具）墜毀，碰撞聲”，而句意為“人與自然的矛盾沖突”，所以將名詞“crash”改為“clash”。

3.單選題

Signsofagingareunavoidable,（

）ofparticularinteresttocosmeticcompanies.

問題1選項

A.butthosethatcanbedisguisedare

B.butthosecanbedisguisedare

C.butthatcanbedisguisedis

D.butallonethatcanbedisguisedis

【答案】A

【解析】考查定語從句。those指代signs，that引導從句修飾those。

句意：衰老的跡象是不可避免，但化妝品公司卻對那些能夠被掩蓋的跡象十分感興趣。

4.填空題

Anearlierattempt(1)blunting,whichmadeitillegalto(2)American-madecomponentstoHuawei,includingadvancedcomputerchips(3)whichtheChinesefirmrelies,wasnottheknock-outblowtheWhite(4)hopedittobe.ChipmakerswereabletokeepshippingHuaweisemiconductorsfromfactoriesoutsideAmerica.SoonMay15ththeTrumpadministrationextendeditsrestrictionsfromchipstothetoolsusedtomakethem—manyofwhichcomefromAmerica.So(5)asbigmicroprocessorproducers,likeTaiwanSemiconductorManufacturingCompany,useAmerican-madeequipment,theywillnolongerbeabletoforgeHuawei-designedchipsanywhereintheworld.

【答案】1.at

2.sell

3.on

4.House

5.long

【解析】1.考查固定搭配。Attemptat表示“企圖，努力；嘗試”，這里句意為：早先美國試圖…。

2.考查上下文語義。句意：在之前，美國將出售美國制造的組件（包括中國公司依賴的高端電腦芯片）給華為的行為定義為非法行為，但這次嘗試并沒有達到白宮預期的效果。

3.語法題。此空所在句是一個定語從句，先行詞是advancedcomputerchips（高端電腦芯片），后面的定語從句中，應該是介詞on與rely構成搭配，表示“依賴”。

4.考查上下文語義。本段講的是關于美國限制向華為出售高端電腦芯片組件的行為，因此此處應該填House,表示“白宮”。

5.考查固定搭配。Solongas表示“只要”。此處句意為：只要諸如像臺積電（TSMC）之類的大型半導體供應商，使用美國制造的工具，他們就不能在世界任何地方制造華為定制芯片。

5.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingfromChineseintoEnglish.

在人際關系上我們不要太浪漫主義，人是很有趣的，往往在接觸一個人吋首先看到的都是他或她的優(yōu)點，這一點頗像是在贊館里用衩的經驗。開始吃頭盤或冷碟的吋候，印象很好。吃頭兩個主菜吋，也是贊不絕口。愈吃愈趨于冷靜。吃完了這頓宴席，缺點就都找出來了。于是轉喜為怒，轉贊美為貴備挑剔，轉首肯為搖頭。這是因為：第一，開始吃的時候你正處于饑餓狀態(tài)，而餓了吃糖甜如蜜，飽了吃蜜也不甜。第二，你初到一個餐館，開始舉筷吋有新鮮感，新蓋的茅房三天香，這也可以叫做“陌生化效應”吧。

【答案】Weshouldnotbetooromanticininterpersonalrelations.Peopleareveryinteresting.Whenwefirstmeetsomeoneforthefirsttime,weonlynoticehisorhermerits.Thisisquiteliketheexperienceofdininginarestaurant.Atthebeginning,whenwetakethefirstcourseorcolddishes,wearefullofpraise.Wealsopraisethefirsttwomaincourses.Themorewetake,thecalmerwebecome.Afterwefinishthedinner,allkindsoffaultsarefoundout.Thendelightturnsintoangry,praiseintocomplaint,anoddingheadintoasharkingone.Thisisbecause：first,youareinastateofhungrywhenyoustarttoeat.Whenoneishungry,huskwilltasteassweetashoney;butwhenoneisfull,evenhoneywillnottastesweet.Second,whenyoubegintoeatinanewrestaurant,everythingisfreshtoyou.Anewlatrinesmellsfragrant.Thiscanalsobecalleddefamiliarizationeffect.

6.問答題

ByaboutA.D.500theMoundBuilderculturewasdeclining,perhapsbecauseofattacksfromothertribesorperhapsbecauseofsevereclimaticchangesthatunderminedagriculture.Tothewest,anotherculture,basedonintensiveagriculture,wasbeginningtoflourish.ItscenterwasbeneathpresentdaySt.Louis,anditradiatedouttoenclosemostoftheMississippiwatershed,fromWisconsintoLouisianaandOklahomatoTennessee.Thousandsofvillageswereincludedinitsorbit.ByaboutA.D.700thisMississippianculture,asitisknowntoarchaeologists,begantosenditsinfluenceeastwardtotransformthelifeofmostofthelesstechnologicallyadvancedwoodlandtribes.LiketheMoundBuildersoftheOhioregion,thesetribes,probablyinfluencedbyMeso-Americanculturesthroughtradeandcommerce,builtgiganticmoundsasburialandceremonialplaces.Thelargestofthem,risinginfourterracestoaheightofonehundredfeet,hasarectangularbaseofnearlyfifteenacres,largerthanthatoftheGreatPyramidofEgypt.BuiltbetweenA.D.900and1,100,thishugeearthworkfacesthesiteofacliffyIndiancitywhichcontainedmorethanonehundredsmallartificialmoundsmarkingburialsites.Spreadamongthemwasavastsettlementcontainingsome30,000peoplebycurrentestimations.ThefinelycraftedornamentsandtoolsrecoveredatCahokis,asthiscenterofMississippicultureiscalled,includeelaborateceramicsfinelysculptedstonework,carefullyembossedandengravedcopperandmicasheets,andonefuneralblanketfashionedfrom12,000shellbeads.TheyindicatethatCahokiawasatrueurbancenter,withclusteredhousing,markets,andspecialistsintool-making,hide-dressing,potting,jewelry-making,weaving,andsalt-making.

1.Whatisthemaintopicofthispassage?

2.InrelationtotheMississippianculture,theMoundBuilderculturewaslocated（

）.

3.Fromthispassage,wecaninferthatMeso-Americancultureshadatraditionof（

）.

【答案】1.主旨大意題。文章以MoundBuilderculture開頭，進而引出對MississippiCulture的介紹。

試題答案：

ThepassagemainlyintroducesthedevelopmentandachievementofMississippiCulture.

2.推理怕斷題。由文章開頭中的“ByaboutA.D.500theMoundBuilderculturewasdeclining...Tothewest,anotherculture”可知MoundBuilderculture位于東方。

試題答案：

intheeast

3.細節(jié)事實題。由文章中的“probablyinfluencedbyMeso-Americanculturesthroughtradeandcommerce”可推測Meso-Americancultures有商業(yè)貿易的傳統(tǒng)。

試題答案：

tradeandcommerce

7.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassagefromChineseintoEnglish

美國的一位頂尖心理學家說，如果人們關注于六個具體要素就會感到幸福。這六個要素分別是：活在當下（M）,有好奇心（C），做喜歡的事（L）,為他人著想（T）,培養(yǎng)關系（N）,

照顧身體（B）。公式就是：感覺很棒=（活在當下x16+好奇心+做喜歡的事x2）+（為他人著想x5+培養(yǎng)關系x2+照顧身體x33）。

弗吉尼亞州喬治梅?森（Mason）大學的托徳-卡什丹博士（DrToddKashdan）對英國人幸福程度的全國性研究結果進行了評價。他說：“感覺幸福沒有單一的訣竅，但當這六種成分都添加進來并正確配比后，你就會感覺人生很幸福。這六種成分的每一種都需要付出一點努力，你只要知道你的努力會給你帶來極大的回報?！?/p>

委任這次研究的整形外科手術營銷總監(jiān)史蒂芬?泰勒（StephenTayler）說：“我們無比高興地看到與卡什丹博士的合作創(chuàng)建了幸福感的真正公式：我們希望幸福公式將繼續(xù)幫助提振精祌，讓全英國人民的臉上都有笑容?！?/p>

【答案】Ifpeoplefocusonthesixspecificfactorsidentified,theywillfeelgood,accordingtoatopUSpsychologist.Thefactorsareliveinthemoment(M),becurious(C),dosomethingyoulove(L),thinkofothers(T),nurturerelationships(N),andcareofyourbody(B).AndtheformulaisFeelingGood=(MxI6+C+Lx2)+(Tx5+Nx2+Bx33)。

DrToddKashdan,ofGeorgeMasonUniversityinVirginia,reviewedtheresultsofnationwideresearchintohowBritishfeel.Hesaid:“Thereisnosinglesecrettofeelinggood,butwhenthesesixingredientsarecarefullyattendedto,intherightdoses,youwillbeontargetforahappylife.“Eachoftheingredientsrequiresabitofwork.Justknowthatyourhardworkwillleadtothegreatestrewardspossible.”

StevenTaylor,marketingdirectorofTransformCosmeticSurgery,whocommissionedtheresearch,said:“Wecouldn’tbemorepleasedthatthepartnershipwithDrKashdanledtothecreationofanactualformulatoFeelGood,WehopethattheFeelGoodFormulawillcontinuetohelpboostspiritsandputasmileonfacesacrosstheUK.”

8.單選題

Manypeopleseemtothinkthatsciencefictionistypifiedbythecoversofsomeoftheoldpulpmagazines（廉價并且趣味低級的雜志）,theBug-EyedMonster,embodyingeverytraitandfeaturethatmostpeoplefindrepulsive,isabouttograb,andpresumablyravish,asweet,blonde,curvaceous,scantilycladEarthgirl.Thisisunfortunatebecauseitdemeansanddegradesaworthwhileandevenimportantliteraryendeavor.Incontrasttothisunwarrantedstereotype,sciencefictionrarelyemphasizessex,andwhenitdoes,itismorediscreetthanothercontemporaryfiction.Instead,thebasicinterestofsciencefictionliesintherelationbetweenmanandhistechnologyandbetweenmanandtheuniverse.Sciencefictionisaliteratureofchangeandaliteratureofthefuture,andwhileitwouldbefoolishtoclaimthatsciencefictionisamajorliterarygenreatthistime,theaspectsofhumanlifethatitconsidersmakeitwellworthreadingandstudyingfornootherliteraryfromdoesquitethesamethings.

Whatissciencefiction?Tobegin,thefollowingdefinitionshouldbehelpful:sciencefictionisaliterarysubgenrewhichpostulatesachange(forhumanbeings)fromconditionsasweknowthemandfollowstheimplicationsofthesechangestoaconclusion.Althoughthisdefinitionwillnecessarilybemodifiedandexpanded,itcoversmuchofthebasicgroundworkandprovidesapointofdeparture.

Thefirstpoint—thatsciencefictionisaliterarysubgenre—isaveryimportantone,butonewhichisoftenoverlookedorignoredinmostdiscussionsofsciencefiction.Specifically,sciencefictioniseitherashortstoryoranovel.Thereareonlyafewdramaswhichcouldbecalledsciencefiction,withKarelCapek’sRUR(Rossum’sUniversalRobots)beingtheonlyonethatiswellknown,thebodyofpoetrythatmightbelabeledsciencefictionisonlyslightlylarger.Tosaythatsciencefictionisasubgenreofprosefictionistosaythatithasallthebasiccharacteristicsandservesthesamebasicfunctionsinmuchthesamewayasprosefictioningeneral,thatis,itsharesagreatdealwithallothernovelsandshortstories.

Everythingthatcanbesaidaboutprosefiction,ingeneral,appliestosciencefiction.Everypieceofsciencefiction,whethershortstoryornovel,musthaveanarrator,astory,aplot,asetting,characters,language,andtheme.Andlikeanyprose,thethemesofsciencefictionareconcernedwithinterpretingman’snatureandexperienceinrelationtotheworldaroundhim.Themesinsciencefictionareconstructedandpresentedinexactlythesamewaysthatthemesaredealtwithinanyotherkindoffiction.Theyaretheresultofaparticularcombinationofnarrator,story,plot,character,setting,andlanguage.Inshort,thereasonsforreadingandenjoyingsciencefiction,andthewaysofstudyingandanalyzingit,arebasicallythesameastheywouldbeforanyotherstoryornovel.

1.Sciencefictioniscalledaliterarysubgenrebecause（

）.

2.Thefinalsentenceinthepassageimpliesthat

（

）.

3.Fromthelastparagraph,weknowthatpeoplereadsciencefictionespeciallyfor

（

）.

4.Anappropriatetitleforthispassagewouldbe

（

）.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,thepopularimageofsciencefictionis（

）.

問題1選項

A.itisnotimportantenoughtobealiteraiygenre.

B.itcannotbemadeintoadramaticpresentation.

C.itsharescharacteristicswithothertypesofprosefiction.

D.tocallita“genre”wouldsubjectittoliteraryjargon.

問題2選項

A.Thereadershouldturnnexttocommentariesongeneralfiction.

B.Thereisnoreasonforanyreadernottolikesciencefiction.

C.Thereadershouldcompareothernovelsandstoriestosciencefiction.

D.Thosewhocanappreciateprosefictioncanappreciatesciencefiction.

問題3選項

A.thediscoveryofmeaning

B.thebeautyoflanguage

C.thedisplayofcharacter

D.thepsychologicalcomplexity

問題4選項

A.OntheInaccuraciesofPulpMagazines

B.TowardaDefinitionofScienceFiction

C.ATypeofProseFiction.

D.BeyondtheBug-EyedMonster.

問題5選項

A.prejudiced

B.impartial

C.worthy

D.admiring

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Tosaythatsciencefictionisasubgenreofprosefictionistosaythatithasallthebasiccharacteristicsandservesthesamebasicfunctionsinmuchthesamewayasprosefictioningeneral,thatis,itsharesagreatdealwithallothernovelsandshortstories.”可知科幻小說具有其他小說很多相同的特點，因此C選項“它與其他類型的散文小說有著共同的特點”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Inshort,thereasonsforreadingandenjoyingsciencefiction,andthewaysofstudyingandanalyzingit,arebasicallythesameastheywouldbeforanyotherstoryornovel.”總之，閱讀、欣賞科幻小說和任何其它故事或小說的原因以及研究和分析它們的方法基本上是同樣的，可推測出能欣賞散文小說的那些人也能欣賞科幻小說，因為閱讀它們的方法基本一樣，因此選D。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Andlikeanyprose,thethemesofsciencefictionareconcernedwithinterpretingman’snatureandexperienceinrelationtotheworldaroundhim.”

此外，與任何散文一樣，科幻小說的主題關注于解釋人類的本性以及人類與自身周圍世界有關的經歷。因此A選項“發(fā)現(xiàn)意義”符合題意。

4.主旨大意題。文章主要講述了科幻小說的定義，并介紹了它的特點、主題以及與其他文學作品的相同點，因此選B。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Manypeopleseemtothinkthatsciencefictionistypifiedbythecoversofsomeoftheoldpulpmagazines...Thisisunfortunatebecauseitdemeansanddegradesaworthwhileandevenimportantliteraryendeavor.”許多人似乎認為科幻小說的典型代表是一些廉價并且趣味低級的雜志的封面……這是不幸的，因為它貶低了一個有價值甚至重要的文學努力?？芍髡哒J為人們對科幻小說的流行形象是有世俗偏見的，因此選A。

9.單選題

IfyouhappenedtobewatchingNBConthefirstSundaymorninginAugustlastsummer,youwouldhaveseensomethingcurious.There,onthesetofMeetthePress,thehost,DavidGregory,wasinterviewingaguestwhomadeaforcefulcasethattheU.S.economyhadbecome“verydistorted”.Inthewakeoftherecession,thisguestexplained,high-incomeindividuals,largebanks,andmajorcorporationshadexperienceda“significantrecovery”;therestoftheeconomy,bycontrast—includingsmallbusinessesand“averysignificantamountofthelaborforce”—wasstuckandstillstruggling.Whatwewereseeing,heargued,wasnotasingleeconomyatall,butrather“fundamentallytwoseparatetypesofeconomy,”increasinglydistinctanddivergent.

Thisdiagnosis,thoughalarming,washardlyunique:drawingattentiontothedividebetweenthewealthyandeveryoneelsehaslongbeenstandardfareontheleft.(Theideaof“twoAmericas”wasacentralthemeofJohnEdwards’s2004and2008presidentialruns.)Whatmadetheargumentstrikinginthisinstancewasthatitwasbeingofferedbynoneotherthantheformerfive-termFederalReserveChairmanAlanGreenspan:iconiclibertarian,preeminentdefenderof

thefreemarket,and(atleastuntilrecently)thenation’sforemostdevoteeofAynRand.Whenthehighpriestofcapitalismhimselfisdeclaringthegrowthineconomicinequalityanationalcrisis,somethinghasgonevery,verywrong.

Thiswideninggapbetweentherichandnon-richhasbeenevidentforyears.Ina2005reporttoinvestors,forinstance,threeanalystsatCitigroupadvisedthat“theWorldisdividingintotwoblocs―thePlutonomyandtherest”.

Inaplutonomythereisnosuchanimalas“theU.S.consumer”or“theUKconsumer”，orindeedthe“Russianconsumer”.Therearerichconsumers,fewinnumber,butdisproportionateinthegiganticsliceofincomeandconsumptiontheytake.Therearetherest,the“non-rich”，themultitudinousmany,butonlyaccountingforsurprisinglysmallbitesofthenationalpie.

Beforetherecession,itwasrelativelyeasytoignorethisconcentrationofwealthamonganelitefew.Thewondrousinventionsofthemodemeconomy—Google,Amazon,theiPhone—broadlyimprovedthelivesofmiddle-classconsumers,evenastheymadeatinysubsetofentrepreneurshugelywealthy.Andtheless-wondrousinventions—particularlytheexplosionofsubprimecredit―helpedmasktheriskofincomeinequalityformanyofthosewhoseearningswerestagnant.

Butthefinancialcrisisanditslong,dismalaftermathhavechangedallthat.Amultibillion-dollarbailoutandWallStreet’sswift,subsequentreinstatementofgargantuanbonuseshaveinspiredanarrativeofparasiticbankersandotherelitesriggingthegamefortheirownbenefit.Andthis,inturn,hasledtowider—andnotunreasonable—fearsthatwearelivinginnotmerelyaplutonomy,butaplutocracy,inwhichtherichdisplayoutsizepoliticalinfluence,narrowlyself-interestedmotives,andacasualindifferencetoanyoneoutsidetheirownrarefiedeconomicbubble.

1.Accordingtothepassage,theU.S.economy（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttoday’ssuper-elitewouldthepassagesupport?

3.Whatcanbesaidofmodemtechnologicalinnovations?

4.Theauthorseemstosuggestthatthefinancialcrisisanditsaftermath

（

）.

5.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

問題1選項

A.faresquitewell

B.hascompletelyrecoveredfromtheeconomicrecession

C.hasitsownproblems

D.islaggingbehindotherindustrialeconomies.

問題2選項

A.Today’splutocratsarethehereditaryelite.

B.Today’ssuper-richareincreasinglyanationuntothemselves.

C.Theyarethedeservingwinnersofatougheconomiccompetition.

D.Theyareworriedaboutthesocialandpoliticalconsequencesofrisingincomeinequality.

問題3選項

A.Theyhaveliftedmanypeopleintothemiddleclass

B.Theyhavenarrowedthegapbetweentherichandthenon-rich

C.Theyhaveledtoariseofincomeinequality.

D.Theyhavebenefitedthegeneralpublic.

問題4選項

A.havecompromisedtherichwiththenon-rich

B.haveenrichedtheplutocraticelite

C.haveputAmericansonthealertfortoomuchpowertherichpossess

D.haveenlargedthegapbetweentherichandnon-rich

問題5選項

A.presentthefinancialimbalanceintheU.S.

B.displaysympathyfortheworkingclass

C.criticizethesuper-eliteoftheUnitedStates

D.appreciatethemeritsofthesuperrichintheU.S.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“theU.S.economyhadbecome‘verydistorted’”美國經濟變得“非常扭曲”，第二段中“thegrowthineconomicinequalityanationalcrisis,somethinghasgonevery,verywrong.”經濟不平等的增長是一場全國性的危機，某些事情已非常糟糕，可知美國經濟存在問題，因此選C。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Andthis,inturn,hasledtowider—andnotunreasonable—fearsthatwearelivinginnotmerelyaplutonomy,butaplutocracy,inwhichtherichdisplayoutsizepoliticalinfluence,narrowlyself-interestedmotives,andacasualindifferencetoanyoneoutsidetheirownrarefiedeconomicbubble.”這個反過來導致更廣泛且合理的擔心，即我們不僅生活在一個一個富人經濟學中，而且還生活在一個富豪統(tǒng)治中，在這其中，富人顯示巨大的政治影響力、狹隘自私的動機。因此D選項“他們擔心不斷上升的收入不平等所帶來的社會和政治影響”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段中“Beforetherecession,itwasrelativelyeasytoignorethisconcentrationofwealthamonganelitefew.”在經濟衰退之前，人們很容易忽視財富集中在少數(shù)精英階層身上，因此C選項“他們導致收入不平等的上升”符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“fearsthatwearelivinginnotmerelyaplutonomy,butaplutocracy,inwhichtherichdisplayoutsizepoliticalinfluence,narrowlyself-interestedmotives,andacasualindifferencetoanyoneoutsidetheirownrarefiedeconomicbubble.”可知美國貧富差距巨大，經融危機讓美國人意識到富人具有太多的權利，因此選C。

5.主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了美國經濟發(fā)展的呈兩種分化趨勢，存在的問題，以及富人和窮人之間的差距，因此A選項“介紹美國金融失衡”符合題意。

10.問答題

Yettohaveafamilynowadays—(A)withbirthcontrolreadilyavailable,and(B)inflationagoodeconomicargumentagainsthavingchildren—isnearlyanexpressionofambitionitself.Thoughambitionwasonce(C)thedomainchieflyofmonarchsandaristocrats,ithas,inmorerecenttimes,increasinglybecomethedomainofthemiddleclass.Working,saving,planning—these,thedailyaspectsofambition—havealwaysbeen(D)thedistinguishedmarksofarisingmiddleclass.

【答案】D；改成thedistinguishingmarks。distinguishing有區(qū)別的；distinguished卓越的，著名的。句意：工作,儲蓄,雄心壯志的計劃這些,每日方面——一直是崛起的中產階級的區(qū)分標志。

11.問答題

Amidthemultipleviolentincidents,acrackdownonterrorisminallformshasbeenaddedto

A

B

China’stoppriorities.Thegovernmentcalledonimprovedintelligencecollection,integrated

C

preventionandcontrolmeasures,andbetterearly-warningandemergencyresponsecapabilities

D

soastoleavenoloopholesforterroriststoexploit.

【答案】試題答案：D;controlling

【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句中已有謂語動詞且and連接的為并列成分，需用一個形容詞來修飾名詞measures，因此用control的現(xiàn)在分詞形式controlling作定語。

12.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

不列顛的超市業(yè)主們很少如此心懷忐忑地期待著圣誕節(jié)的銷售業(yè)績。在2014年，大部分超市，特別是樂購(TESCO)這個市場領頭羊，過得很艱難。超低折扣商鋪，持續(xù)挖它們的墻角，侵吞他們的市場份額，而下降的食物價格也使得超市的利潤率降低。臨近圣誕節(jié)和新年的幾周通常是超市的旺盛銷售時期，它們在此期間能否喘一口氣？

涂鴉畫可能最終會消失。但是直至現(xiàn)在，這種愛好仍然受到人們的尊敬。一位涂鴉畫家說，他有很多朋友曾經癡迷于在火車車皮廂上作畫。現(xiàn)在有了妻兒，他們只有周末去廢棄的倉庫墻上大展身手。這己經成了周日下午的慣例——一種比坐在電視機前看足球略微健康的消遣。

【答案】RarelyhavetheChristmasresultsforBritain'ssupermarketsbeenawaitedwithsuchtrepidation.Mostofthem,especiallythemarketleader,TESCO,struggledin2014.Thehard-discountstorescontinuedtoundercutthem,gobblingupmarketshare,whilefallingfoodpricesateintotheirprofits.WouldtheseveralweeksleadinguptoChristmasandNewYear'sDay,generallythestrongestsalesperiod,bringthemsomerelief?

Graffitimayeventuallydisappear.Butuntilnowthishobbyisstillrespectedbypeople.Onegraffitiartistsaysthathehasalotoffriendswhowereonceobsessedwithpaintingonthesurfaceoftraincompartment.Nowwithwivesandchildren,theyonlyhavetimeattheweekendtopaintonthewallsofabandonedwarehouses.IthasbecomesomethingtodoonaSundayafternoon—aslightlyhealthieralternativetosittingwatchingthefootball.

13.寫作題

MiltonMizneroncesaid,“Agoodlistenerisnotonlypopulareverywhere,butafterawhilehegetstoknowsomething.”

Listeningisnotthesimplethingitseemstobe.Listeningisparticipatinginatleastfiveimportantways.Youareagoodlistenerif

1.youcan“see”anideawhenyouhearit.

2.youcandistinguishbetweenessentialpointsanddetails.

3.youcandistinguishbetweenfactsandopinions.

4.youcandistinguishbetweeninformationandpersuasion.

5.andifyoucanthenmakeupyourownmindaboutwhathasbeensaid.

Youaretowriteacompositionof150wordsorsoaboutthepoweroflistening.Youshouldwriteaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelow.Pleasewriteyourcompositionneatlyandclearlyonyouranswersheet.

Topic:ThePowerofListening

Outline

Ievaluateyourlisteningpower

IIjustifytheneedtoimprovelisteningpowereducationally,socially,politically,nationallyandinternationally

IIIdrawanaturalconclusion

Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.

Failuretofollowtheinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.

【答案】Listeningisoneofthemostimportantskillsonecanpossess.Asforme,Ilistentoobtaininformation,tounderstandandtolearn.Ipreferreductivelistening,whichhelpsmereduceeverythingdowntowhatisrelevantanddiscardeverythingthat’snotrelevant.ThatmeanswhenIcommunicatewithothers,Iprefertolistenwithpurpose.Icanalwaysgetmyanswerafterconversation.Frommypointofview,thepoweroflisteningisthatyoumakeaconsciousefforttohearnotonlythewordsthatanotherpersonissaying,butmoreimportantly,trytounderstandthecompletemessagebeingsent.Iwillillustratemypointfromfollowingaspects.

Inclass,itissignificantforbothteacherandstudentstoactivelylisten.Listentothequestionsofstudentsmayhelpteacherfindanefficientwaytoimproveteachingskillandlistentothekeyinformationthatteacherdeliveredcouldhelpstudentsgainabundantknowledge.Insociety,listeningisalsoanindispensablewaytopromotemutualunderstandingandtrust.Thetwocountriesenjoyfirmandfriendlyrelationsifactivelisteningisconducted.Forexample,resultfromlisteningtoeachotherandofferingtimelyhelp,ChinaandPakistanenjoytraditionalfriendship.Ontheotherside,AmericafailedtolistentotheappealandsuggestionsofChina,thetradedisputeswouldnevercease.

Inaword,listeningisacrucialskillthatneedstobelearnedandpracticedfromallaspectsofourdailylife.

14.問答題

ThefounderofAlibabaoncesaid“Singles’Day(November11)shoppingfestivalactivatedonlyatinypartofChina’sdomesticdemand,andhasstillalongwaytogotofullyunleashthegreatpotentialoftheChinesemarket.”Headdedthat:“AlibabawillholdSingles’Dayshoppingfestivalforatleast100years,andmakeSingles’DayashoppingfestivalfornotonlyChineseconsumersbutalsopeoplearoundtheworld.ThefestivalwilllastevenlongerthanAlibabaitself.”

ChineseshoppershavespentbigovertheSingles’Dayshoppingfestival,showingthecountry’sstrongeconomicrecoveryfollowingtheCovid-19epidemic.SalesonAlibaba’se-commerceplatformTmallexceeded372.3billionyuan(56.29billionU.S.dollars)betweenNov.1and12:30a.m.onNov.11.Attheshoppingpeak,583,000ordersweremadeinasinglesecondonTmall,settinganewonlineshoppingrecord.Morethan800millionshoppers,250,000brandsand5millionmerchantshaveparticipatedin2020Singles’Dayshoppingspree,accordingtoTmall.

SomeAmericaninvestorshavealreadybeguntodoubtifthefestivalwouldcomeattheexpenseoflowspendingpowerofChineseconsumersduringtherestoftheyear,whileotherinvestorsseemedtobemuchmoreworriedifAlibabawassellingfakeproductstoconsumers.Ananalystfurtherexplainedthat:“ThemajorreasonwhyinvestorsbegintocastdoubtontheeffectofSingles’Dayshoppingfestivalisthattheyworriedthatthisworld’shugest,biggestandcraziestshoppingdayoftheyearmightunderminebothconsumers’spendingpowerandbusinessowners’marketingability.”

Indeed,thelarge-scalediscountactivitiesonSingles’Daymightinterruptsomeconsumers’purchaseplanbeforeandaftertheshoppingfestival,otherconsumerswhoshoppedonlineslightlybeforethe“bigday”mighthavetowaitforextratimetohavetheirgoodsdeliveredtothem,andstillothersmightshopirrationallyandgetoverdrawn,thusregretfullyreturningmostoftheirgoods.BusinessownerswerealsoforcedtoseizetheopportunityonSingles’Dayanddoeverythingtheycould,includingpreparingenoughgoodsbeforethebigday,placingfakeordersonthebigday,onlytoattractconsumers’attentionandsellasmanygoodsaspossibleonthebigday.

ThefounderofanothermajorChineseonlineretailingplatformoncestatedtothemedia,saying,“Ithasalreadybecomeacommonpracticeforbusinessownerstoplacefakeordersononlineretailingplatforms,sinceboththeseplatformsandconsumersarewillingtorankabrandbasedonitssales.”

“Sincesomeonlineretailingplatformswouldlowerthepriceagreatdealtocompetewithotherplatformsinthepricebattle,wewouldevenbuybacktheproductsweprovidedtotheseplatformswithalowerpriceandthensoldthemwitharegularpriceontraditionalsaleschannels,”aseniorsalespersonnelofatraditionalbrandoncesuggested,“Wearealmostforcedtoplacefakeorderssincemanyconsumersprefertobuyproductswithhighersa