(word完整版)初中英語被動語態(tài)的教案(教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì))

5初二英語被動語態(tài)一、語態(tài)概述英語的語態(tài)是通過動詞形式的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。英語中有兩種語態(tài):主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。巧記為：主動、主動、主去動。例如：ManypeoplespeakEnglish.謂語：speak的動作是由主語manypeople來執(zhí)行的。被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者，即行為動作的對象。巧記為：被動、被動、主被動。例如：Englishisspokenbymanypeople.主語English是動詞speak的承受者。判斷：看我上面舉的例子，你來判斷哪個是主動哪個是被動？Heopenedthedoor.他開了門。（主動句）Thedoorwasopened.門被開了。（被動句）說明：好了，現(xiàn)在我們對被動語態(tài)的句子形式有了一個形象的認(rèn)識，但英語句子是千變?nèi)f化的，這時就需要你有“火眼金睛”了。下面老師就來具體講一講被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成。二、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化是通過be的變化表現(xiàn)出來的?，F(xiàn)以teach為例說明被動語態(tài)在各種時態(tài)中的構(gòu)成。說明：別看英語中一會兒主動被動一會兒現(xiàn)在時一會兒過去時啥的，好像看得咱們眼花繚亂啦。其實(shí)呢，這么一堆東西歸納起來，就兩點(diǎn)：時態(tài)和語態(tài)。一般現(xiàn)在時：am/is/are+taught一般過去時：was/were+taught一般將來時：will/shallbe+taught現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：am/is/arebeing+taught過去進(jìn)行時：have/hasbeen+taught現(xiàn)在完成時：have/hasbeen+taught歌訣是：被動語態(tài)be字變，過去分詞跟后面。說明：那么，什么時候用被動語態(tài)呢？簡單的說，凡是漢語中帶“被”的句子，都能轉(zhuǎn)換成英語的被動語態(tài)。三、被動語態(tài)的用法（1）不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。例如：Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight.一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。（不知道電腦是誰偷的）Thisbookwaspublishedin1981.這本書出版于1981年。（2）強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。例如：thewindowwasbrokenbyMike.窗戶是邁克打破的。Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim.這本書是他寫的。Eighthoursperdayforsleepmustbeguaranteed每天8小時睡眠必須得到保證。歌訣：誰做的動作不知道，說出誰做的沒有必要；動作承受者需強(qiáng)調(diào)，被動語態(tài)運(yùn)用到。主動態(tài)和被動態(tài)指的是動詞形式，是詞法概念；而主動句和被動句則指的是句子結(jié)構(gòu)，從而是句法概念。所謂主動句就是由主動態(tài)動詞（詞組）作謂語動詞的句子，而被動句則是由被動態(tài)動詞（詞組）作謂語動詞的句子。補(bǔ)充內(nèi)容：四、主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。把謂語變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)(be+過去分詞)(根據(jù)被動語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù)，以及原來主動語態(tài)句子中動詞的時態(tài)來決定be的形式)。把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by之后作賓語，將主格改為賓格。例如：Allthepeoplelaughedathim.Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.Theymakethebikesinthefactory.Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.歌訣是：賓變主，主變賓，by短語后面跟。謂語動詞變被動，be后“過分”來使用。五、含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)含有情態(tài)動詞的主動句變成被動句時，由“情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞”構(gòu)成，原來帶to的情態(tài)動詞變成被動語態(tài)后“to”仍要保留。歌訣是：情態(tài)動詞變動，情態(tài)加be加“過分”，原來帶to要保留。例如：Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.Yououghttotakeitaway.Itoughttobetakenaway.Theyshoulddoitatonce.Itshouldbedoneatonce.ThePeople'sRepublicofChina__onOctober1,1949.A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfoundEnglishinCanada.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspokenThisEnglishsongbythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensungThiskindofcarinJapan.A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismadeNewcomputersallovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused2Ourroommustclean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep-I'dliketobuythatcoat.-I'msorry..A.itsoldB.it'ssellingC.It'sbeensoldD.ithadbeensoldAnewhouseatthecorneroftheroad.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuildingThekeyonthetablewhenIleave.A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleftDoctorsineverypartoftheworld.A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneedHisnewbooknextmonth.A.willbepublishedB.ispublishingC.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublished3Japanese___ineverycountry.A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeakingThesepapers___yet.A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwrittenC.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwrittenThesportsmeet___behelduntilnextweek.A.didn'tB.won'tC.isn'tD.doesn't4-Myshoesarewornout.A.Can'ttheybemended?B.Letmehavealookatit.C.Howmuchdotheycost?D.Can'ttheymended?___thewatchbeenrepairedyet?Ibadlyneedit.A.DoesB.HasC.IsD.Are___thesedesksbeneeded?A.WillB.AreC.HasD.Do5Why___totalkaboutityesterday?A.didn'tameetingholdB.wasn'tameetingheldC.wasn'theldameetingD.ameetingwasn'theldWhowasthebook___?A.writeB.wroteC.writtenD.writtenbyWhere___theseboxesmade?A.wasB.wereC.isD.am6Theflowers___often.A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwaterThebooksmay___fortwoweeks.A.bekeptB.beborrowedC.keepD.borrowThebrokenbikeherebyMrSmith.A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemended7Theoldbridgeinmyhometown___nextmonth.A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willrebuiltC.aregoingtoberebuiltD.aregoingtorebuiltTheplay___atthetheatrenextSunday.A.isgoingtobeshownB.willshownC.willshowD.isshownTheoldstonebridge___nextweek.A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willberebuildC.aregoingtoberebuiltD.willrebuild8Nowthesemagazines__inthelibraryforalongtime.A.havekeptB.arekeepingC.havebeenkeepingD.havebeenkeptThepot___for___hotwater.A.used;keepingB.wasused;keepingC.isused;tokeepD.areused;keepTea___inthesouthofChina.A.growsB.isgrownC.weregrownD.willgrowThebridges___twoyearsago.A.isbuiltB.builtC.werebuiltD.wasbuiltWetclothesareoften___upnearafireinrainyweather.A.hangB.hangedC.hangingD.hung9Theriversmellsterrible.Peoplemust___dirtythingsintoit.A.bestoppedtothrowB.bestoppedfromthrowingC.stoptothrowD.stopfromthrowingTheteapot___water.A.isfilledwithB.filledofC.fullingofD.filledOldpeoplemustbelookedafterwelland___politely.A.speaktoB.spokenC.speakD.spokentoOldpeoplemust___.A.lookafterwellB.belookedwellafterC.lookedwellafterD.belookedafterwell10Newly-bornbabies___inhospital.A.aretakengoodcareB.aretakengoodcareofC.takegoodcareofD.takegoodcareTheywere___atthesuddennoise.A.frighteningB.frightenedC.frightenD.frightensThesewalls___stone.A.aremadeofB.madeof.C.aremadeintoD.madeinto11Jane___tosingusanAmericansonglastSaturday.A.calledB.wasaskedC.toldD.wassaidThepapers___tothem.A.wereshownB.showC.shown/D.haveshownThecoat___hersister.A.madetoB.weremadeforC.wasmadeforD.wasmadeto12I___fiveminutestodecidewhetherIshouldgoornot.A.gaveB.wasgivingC.hadgivenD.wasgivenShewillgoodcare.A.take;ofB.betaken;ofC.take;foryouD.betaken;ofyou13Theteachermadehim___hishomework.A.todoB.doC.didD.doneTheboy_streetswithoutpayintheolddays.A.wasmadetocleanB.madecleanC.madetocleanD.wasmadecleanThesechildrendance.A.wereseentoB.wereseenforC.wereseenD.sawto14Thesestones___well.A.arefittedB.fitC.fitsD.isfittedThebike___500yuan.A.wascostB.costedC.costD.iscostedTheimportantmeeting___onacoldmorninglastyear.A.was'hadB.washeldC.heldD.had15Greatchanges___inthepasttenyearsinChina.A.tookplaceB.havetakenplaceC.weretakingplaceD.hadtakenplaceYoucan'tusethecomputer,it.A.wasbrokendownB.iswrongC.isbadD.hasbrokendownGreatchanges___inourcountryduringthepast20years.A.havehappenedB.happenedC.havebeenhappenedD.werehappenedThewatchhasoften___down.A.satB.lainC.brokenD.fell16Pleasepassmeanothercup.Thisone___.A.isbrokenB.isbreakingC.brokeD.brokenThestorybooks___bythewriterinthe1960s.A.arewrittenB.werewrittenC.arewritingD.werewritingWhattime___thedoor___everyday?A.does;closedB.does;closeC.is;closedD./;close17Canhe___himself?A.getdressB.getdressedC.getsdressedD.insteadofHefellfromhisbikeand___.A.ishurtB.getshurtC.gothurtD.hurtLookout,pleasekeepawayfromthefire,oryourtrouserswill__A.burntB.bu