2021屆全國(guó)百強(qiáng)中學(xué)新高考模擬試卷(一)英語試題

2021屆全國(guó)百強(qiáng)中學(xué)新高考模擬試卷（一）英語試題★?？荚図樌镒⒁馐马?xiàng)：1、考試范圍：高考范圍。2、試題卷啟封下發(fā)后，如果試題卷有缺頁、漏印、重印、損壞或者個(gè)別字句印刷模糊不清等情況，應(yīng)當(dāng)立馬報(bào)告監(jiān)考老師，否則一切后果自負(fù)。3、答題卡啟封下發(fā)后，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)答題卡上出現(xiàn)字跡模糊、行列歪斜或缺印等現(xiàn)象，應(yīng)當(dāng)馬上報(bào)告監(jiān)考老師，否則一切后果自負(fù)。4、答題前，請(qǐng)先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆填寫在試題卷和答題卡上的相應(yīng)位置，并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。用2B鉛筆將答題卡上試卷類型A后的方框涂黑。5、選擇題的作答：每個(gè)小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非選擇題答題區(qū)域的答案一律無效。6、填空題和解答題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域的答案一律無效。如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無效。7、選考題的作答：先把所選題目的題號(hào)在答題卡上指定的位置用2B鉛筆涂黑。答案用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆寫在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)，寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非選修題答題區(qū)域的答案一律無效。8、保持答題卡卡面清潔，不折疊，不破損，不得使用涂改液、膠帶紙、修正帶等。9、考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試題卷、答題卡、草稿紙一并依序排列上交。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATherearenumeroushotelsandresortswithwaterparkstokeepyoucoolandrefreshedinthehotsummerdayslocatedalongtheMyrtleBeach.Hereissomeofthemostpopularlodging住宿）.ComfortSuites-MyrtleBeachWhilestayingattheComfortSuitesinMyrtleBeach,guestshaveaccesstoanoutdoorpooltoswiminorliebythesideinoneofthecomfortablechairs.Thehotelfeaturesafreebreakfasteachmorningwithfreshfruits,cereals,andpastries.FreeWi-Fiisprovidedacrossthe-property,andguestscanenjoyfreecabletelevisionineachroom.BestWesternGrandStrandInn&SuitesTheBestWesternGrandStrandInn&SuitesislocatedonthesunnybeachofMyrtleBeach,SouthCarolina.Thehotelfeaturesafitnesscenter,anoutdoorheatedpool,ahottub,andfreebreakfast.Alsoofferedareanattractionandentertainmentticketservice,androomservice.JustafewminutesawayareRipley'sBelieveItorNotMuseum,theHauntedAdventure,andMyrtleWavesWaterPark,alongwithseveraldiningoptions.EconoLodgeConwaySCThisEconoLodgeislocatedinConwayandashortdriveawayfromMyrtleBeach.Therearesomeattractionsthatcanbefoundintheareaforpeopletoenjoy,suchasLegendsinConcertMyrtleBeach.Thislodgeofferssomegreatspecialfeaturesfortheirgueststoenjoyinordertomaketheirstaybetter:freeWi-Fi,freeparking,refrigeratorandmicrowaveinroom,freecontinentalbreakfast,andindoorpool.Whichhotelprovidesfreecabletelevision?EconoLodgeConwaySCB.MyrtleWavesWaterParkC.ComfortSuites-MyrtleBeachD.BestWesternGrandStrandInn&SuitesWhatcanyoudoinBestWesternGrandStrandInn&Suites?Exerciseinafitnesscenter.B.Swiminanindoorpool.C.Parkyourcarfreeofcharge.D.Enjoyfreelunch.WhichitemdoestheEconoLodgeprovide?.Anoutdoorswimmingpool.B.Cookersforheatingfood.C.Freebreakfastswithfruits.D.Entertainmentticketservice.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了一些旅館的基本情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)對(duì)ComfortSuites-MyrtleBeach介紹中的FreeWi-Fiisprovidedacrosstheproperty,andguestscanenjoyfreecabletelevisionineachroom.（酒店提供免費(fèi)Wi-Fi，客人可以在每個(gè)房間享受免費(fèi)有線電視。）可知，ComfortSuites-MyrtleBeach提供免費(fèi)的有線電視。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)對(duì)BestWesternGrandStrandInn&Suites介紹中的Thehotelfeaturesafitnesscenter,anoutdoorheatedpool,ahottub,andfreebreakfast酒店設(shè)有健身中心、室外恒溫游泳池、熱水浴缸和免費(fèi)早餐。）可知，在BestWesternGrandStrandInn&Suites你可以在健身中心鍛煉。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)對(duì)EconoLodgeConwaySC介紹中的Thislodgeofferssomegreatspecialfeaturesfortheirgueststoenjoyinordertomaketheirstaybetter:freeWi-Fi,freeparking,refrigeratorandmicrowaveinroom,free

continentalbreakfast,andindoorpool.為了讓客人住得更好，酒店為客人提供了一些非常棒的特色設(shè)施：免費(fèi)Wi-Fi、免費(fèi)停車場(chǎng)、室內(nèi)冰箱和微波爐、免費(fèi)歐式早餐和室內(nèi)游泳池?？芍摼频晏峁┝思訜崾澄镉玫拇毒?。故選B。BIamaputterer—apersonspendingalotoftimedoingthingspeopleusuallyconsiderunimportantinarelaxedway.However,Idon'tthinkputteringiswastingmytime.Itisasatisfyingwayofdealingwithone'sdomesticenvironmentinawayonecannotdowiththeworldatlarge.Asafather,I'vehadadifficulttimecommunicatingthistomycollege-ageson.Tomrecentlyboughtausedcar.Iwasproudofhimfornegotiatingagooddeal.WhenIlookeditover,Inoticedatinyspotofrust（銹）.Likeasuperheroouttosavetheday,Irushedtowardtheimperfectionwithapieceofsandpaperandasmallbottleofclearnailpolishfrommyputteringresources.TomwatchedasI,sandedthespotandthencoateditwiththenailpolish.Herolledhiseyes.''You'llunderstandsomeday,”Itoldhim.Asarule,Idonotusuallyconductsuchpublicperformances.Putteringis,inbrief,asolitary?蟲自進(jìn)行的）act,andputterersaremodestpeople.Theyobservesmallthingsthatmostfolkssimplytolerateapicturehungnotinastraightposition,adoornotshuttingwell,ashakytableleg...Itdoesn'ttakemucheffortortimetorightsuchdeficiencies.Butonceagain,thereissomethinginthesensibilityoftheputtererthatmakescorrectingthemdeeplyrewarding.Allofthisrisksgivinganimpressionofendlessandperhapsmindlessactivity.Butnothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.Thebeautyofputteringisthatitisasymbolofhavingcontroloverone'stime,respondingtotheneedsofone'shomeasoneseesfit:IfIdon'tfixtheshakykitchentabletoday,Icandoittomorrow,orthenextday,ornotatall.Puttering,youmightsay,hassetmefree.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTom'sattitudetowardhisfather'sputtering?Disapproval.C.Disapproval.C.Gratitude.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A.Heisextremelystrictwithhisson.C.Hehasanobservingeyeforsmallthings.WhichofthefollowingwordisclosestinA.Consequences.C.Inconveniences.Admiration.D.Embarrassment.Heshowsinterestincollectingoldthings.D.Heoftenoverlooksothers'imperfections.theunderlinedword“deficiencies"inparagraph3?Obstacles.D.Drawbacks.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?TheBenefitsofPutteringB.MyEnjoymentofPutteringPuttering，WastingTimeD.Puttering,MyDailyLife【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。短文主要敘述了作者是一個(gè)悠閑地做瑣碎事的人，作者很享受自己的狀態(tài)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段末尾內(nèi)容“TomwatchedasIsandedthespotandthencoateditwiththenailpolish.Herolledhiseyes.，可知湯姆看著父親用砂紙打磨那塊地方，然后在上面涂上指甲油，他翻了個(gè)白眼。因此可以推知，Tom對(duì)于作者磨蹭行為的不屑，不贊成的，選項(xiàng)A.Disapproval^反對(duì)）說明了Tom的態(tài)度。故選A項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Theyobservesmallthingsthatmostfolkssimplytolerate---apicturehungnotinastraightposition,adoornotshuttingwell,ashakytableleg”可知作者需要觀察那些大多數(shù)人都能容忍的小事——一幅畫掛得不正，一扇門關(guān)不上，一條桌子腿在顫抖，因此判斷出，他是一個(gè)善于觀察小事的人，有敏銳的觀察力。故選C項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞之前的such可知，“suchdeficiencies，應(yīng)是指代前文提及的“apicturehungnotinastraightposition,adoornotshuttingwell,ashakytableleg（一幅畫掛得不正，一扇門關(guān)不上，一條桌子腿在顫抖）”，因此，可以推知deficiencies應(yīng)是“缺陷；缺點(diǎn)”含義，與選項(xiàng)D.Drawbacks（缺點(diǎn)）含義相同。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。文章結(jié)構(gòu)為總分總結(jié)構(gòu)，末段再次呼應(yīng)文章主旨：Thebeautyofputteringisthatitisasymbolofhavingcontroloverone'stime,respondingtotheneedsofone'shomeasoneseesfit:IfIdon'tfixtheshakykitchentabletoday,Icandoittomorrow,orthenextday,ornotatall.Puttering,youmightsay,hassetmefree.（“磨蹭”的美妙之處在于，它象征著你可以控制自己的時(shí)間，以自己認(rèn)為合適的方式回應(yīng)家里的需要：如果我今天不修理搖搖晃晃的廚房桌子，我明天就可以做，或者第二天，或者根本就不做。你可能會(huì)說，磨蹭讓我獲得了自由。）可知，本文的主要內(nèi)容講述了作者對(duì)于自己的悠閑地做瑣碎事的人的理解和感悟。選項(xiàng)B.“享受悠閑地做瑣碎事”貼合主題，為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。CAnewwaveofpsychologicalresearchispioneeringVirtualReality（VR）totreatmedicalconditionsfromsocialanxietytoAlzheimer'sdisease.Ridingawaveofinterestinmentalhealthtech,companiescreatingVRcontentfortreatmentarereceivingafloodofattentionandfunding.And,whileVRhasbeenusedsuccessfullytotreatpost-traumaticstressdisorder(PTSD)sincethe1990s,thesenewprogramsaddressamuchbroaderrangeofconditions.ThelibraryofPaloAlto-basedLimbix,forinstance,includesVRcontentdesignedtotreatissuesincludingalcoholaddictionandteenagedepression.Barcelona-basedPsiousofferstreatmentsforeatingdisorders.Today'sVRcontentisprimarilydesignedtoaidexposuretreatment,atreatmentforanxietydisordersinwhichpatientsareexposedtothe“threats”they'reworriedaboutinasafe,controlledenvironment,eventuallylearningthatthe“threats”arenotactuallyverydangerous.Forexample,someonewhofearsheightsmightvisittallerandtallerbuildingsundertheguidanceoftheirdoctor,whilesomeonewithPTSDmightrevisitpainfulmemories.VRallowsdoctorstocreateasafeandcontrolledenvironmentinsideaVRheadset.It'safarsafer,quickerandlessexpensiveoption.UsingVRalsogivesdoctorsmuchmorecontrolovertheintensity(雖度)oftheirpatients'experiences,whichcanleadt,obettertreatmentoutcomes,saidStephaneBouchard,aprofessorattheUniversityofQuebec.VRtreatmentpatientscanalsodothingstheycouldn'tdointherealworld.“Inoneofourstudies,weaskedpatientswhoareafraidofheightstoactuallyjumpfromacliff,”Bouchardsaid.However,notallVRtreatmentcontentiscreatedequal.“SomecompaniesshowvideosofVRenvironmenthsatareincomplete,untestedanddefinitelyhaven'tbeentriedoutbypsychologists,”Bouchardsaid.Clearerrulesandstandardswillmakeiteasierforpatientsanddoctorstoidentifyproductsthatwork.WhatproblemscanVRbeusedtotreataccordingtothepassage?Thefearofheightsbloodpressureandeatingdisorders.Socialanxiety,PTSDandalcoholaddiction.Alzheimer'sdisease,heartattackandteenagedepression.Sleepingdisorders,deafnessandcomputeraddiction.WhatisthemainideaofPara4?A.ThebenefitsofusingVRtreatment.B.TheprinciplesofusingVRtreatment.ThesideeffectsofusingVRtreatment.D.ThecausesofusingVRtreatment.WhichwordcanbeusedtodescribethefutureofVRtreatment?A.Passive.B.Uncertain.C.Promising.D.Worrying.Whatwillbemostprobablydiscussedintheparagraphfollowingthepassage?A.WideuseofVRtreatment.B.CriteriaofVRtreatment.C.ProblemsVRtreatmentarefacing.C.ProblemsVRtreatmentarefacing.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。作者主要向讀者介紹了新一輪的心理學(xué)研究正在開創(chuàng)虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)的先河，他們?cè)囍锰摂M現(xiàn)實(shí)來治療從社交焦慮到老年癡呆癥的各種疾病。文章主要介紹了虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)的治療法以及虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)治療法也存在一定的弊端?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“pioneeringVirtualReality（VR）totreatmedicalconditionsfromsocialanxietytoAlzheimer'sdisease.”和第二段的“VRcontentdesignedtotreatissuesincludingalcoholaddictionandteenagedepression.Barcelona-basedPsiousofferstreatmentsforeatingdisorders.”和第三段的“Forexample,someonewhofearsheightsmightvisittallerandtallerbuildingsundertheguidanceoftheirdoctor,whilesomeonewithPTSDmightrevisitpainfulmemories.”可知，VR可用來治療從社交焦慮到老年癡呆、酒精上癮、青少年抑郁、飲食紊亂、恐高和PTSD（創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激障礙）。A選項(xiàng)中的bloodpressure；C選項(xiàng)中的heartattack；D選項(xiàng)中的deafness不在治療范圍之類，排除。故選B。【9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段的VRallowsdoctorstocreateasafeandcontrolledenvironmentinsideaVRheadset.It'safarsafer,quickerandlessexpensiveoption.（虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)允許醫(yī)生在虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)耳機(jī)中創(chuàng)建一個(gè)安全和可控的環(huán)境。這是一個(gè)更安全、更快捷、更便宜的選擇。）可知，文章第四段主要講使用VR治療法所帶來的好處。A.ThebenefitsofusingVRtreatment.使用VR治療法的好處；B.TheprinciplesofusingVRtreatment.使用VR治療法的原則；C.ThesideeffectsofusingVRtreatment使用VR治療法的副作用；D.ThecausesofusingVRtreatment.使用VR治療法的原因。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。文中除去最后一個(gè)自然段都在講述使用VR治療法的優(yōu)勢(shì)，最后一個(gè)自然段雖然講述了VR治療法也存在一些弊端，但經(jīng)過改正，這是可以杜絕的，且文章最后一句Clearerrulesandstandardswillmakeiteasierforpatientsanddoctorstoidentifyproductsthatwork.說明更加清晰的規(guī)則和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將使得醫(yī)生和病人鑒別起效的產(chǎn)品更加便捷。綜上可推斷VR治療法的前景一片光明。A.Passive被動(dòng)的；B.Uncertain不確定的；C.Promising有前途的，有希望的；D.Worrying擔(dān)憂的，憂慮的。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句Clearerrulesandstandardswillmakeiteasierforpatientsanddoctorstoidentifyproductsthatwork.（更清晰的規(guī)則和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將使病人和醫(yī)生更容易鑒別出起效的產(chǎn)品。）由此判斷出，接下來的文段應(yīng)該要講述VR治療法的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。A.WideuseofVRtreatment.VR治療法的廣泛使用；B.CriteriaofVRtreatment.VR治療法的標(biāo)準(zhǔn);C.ProblemsVRtreatmentarefacing.VR臺(tái)療法正面對(duì)的問題;D.ReasonswhyVRtreatmentstandardsareneeded.VR治療法標(biāo)準(zhǔn)被需要的原因。故選B。【點(diǎn)睛】推斷判斷題就是推斷隱含意義，根據(jù)文章的某個(gè)句子、段落或全文所提供的事實(shí)進(jìn)行邏輯推理，推斷出作者沒有提到、沒有明說或者可能發(fā)生的事實(shí)。推理判斷題的題干特點(diǎn)：推斷隱含意義的題干中常含infer（推斷），suggest（暗示）,imply（暗示）,indicate（暗示），conclude（推斷，得出結(jié)論）等詞語。它的主要解題方法就是找到推理的依據(jù)，然后理解相關(guān)信息點(diǎn)的字面意義，最后結(jié)合語境和常識(shí)，在字面意義的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行符合邏輯的推斷，從而得到作者的言外之意。如第3小題，文中除去最后一個(gè)自然段都在講述使用VR治療法的優(yōu)勢(shì)，最后一個(gè)自然段雖然講述了VR治療法也存在一些弊端，但經(jīng)過改正，這是可以杜絕的，且文章最后一句Clearerrulesandstandardswillmakeiteasierforpatientsanddoctorstoidentifyproductsthatwork.說明更加清晰的規(guī)則和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將使得醫(yī)生和病人鑒別起效的產(chǎn)品更加便捷。綜上可推斷VR治療法的前景一片光明。A.Passive被動(dòng)的；B.Uncertain不確定的；C.Promising有前途的，有希望的；D.Worrying擔(dān)憂的，憂慮的。故選C。DManypeopleavoidapologizingbecauseadmittingtowrongdoingmakesthemuncomfortable.“Weliketoviewourselvesasgoodpeople-askindandconsiderate,”saysRyanFehr,aprofessorattheUniversityofWashington.“Apologiesforceustoadmittoourselvesthatwedon'talwaysliveuptoourownstandards.Wemightalsofearthatthevictimwon'tacceptourapology,furtherdamagingourpositivesenseofself.Forthesereasons,anapologycanbeverydifficulttogive.”Formany,apologizingisstressful,awkwardanduncomfortable.Butaheartfeltapologyhaspositiveeffects.Itcanimproveyourmentalhealth,repairdamagedrelationshipsandpromoteself-esteem.“Apologyactsasasignalofone'smoralcharacter,”Fehrsays.ResearchersatOhioStateUniversityhavedeterminedthateffectiveapologieshavefiveelements:expressingregret,explainingwhatwentwrong,acknowledgingresponsibility,offeringtorepairthesituationandrequestingforgiveness.Allfivearen'tnecessaryeverytime.“Themoreofthoseelementswereincluded,themorelikelytheapologywasseenasconvincing,”saysRoyLewicki,theleadstudyauthor.“Acknowledgementofresponsibilityturnedouttobethemostimportantpiece,followedbyanexplanationofwhyithappenedanddeclarationofregret.”“Sometimes,animmediateapologyiscalledfor,”saysAntonyManstead,apsychologyprofessoratCardiffUniversity.“Butiftheotherpartyisangryatyourwrongdoing,itmaybemoreeffectivetowait,becausetheirangermaystopthemacceptinganapology.Someresearchsuggeststhatadelayincreasesanapology'seffectivenessbecauseitconveysthatthewrongdoerhashadtimetoreflecton.his/hermisdeeds,”saysMaraOlekalns,aprofessorofmanagementatMelbourneBusinessSchool.“Thebesttimetoapologizeiswhenonefeelsreadytosincerely

apologize,”saysEtienneMullet,researchdirectoroftheEthicsandWorkLaboratoryattheInstituteofAdvancedStudies.“Thereisnothingworseinthesesituationsthaninsincereapologies.”Whydomanypeoplefeeluncomfortabletoapologize?A.Theyarekindandconsideratepeople.B.Theyareafraidoflosingface.Theybelievethemselvesright.D.Theyhavehighmoralstandards.Whatisthemostimportantwhenitcomestomakinganeffectiveapology?A.Toexpressregret.B.Toexpresswhatwentwrong.C.Toacceptresponsibility.C.Toacceptresponsibility.Torequestforgiveness.Whatcanbeinferredaboutanapologyfromthelastparagraph?A.Thesooner,thebetter.A.Thesooner,thebetter.C.Themoreoften,thebetter.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howyoucanmakeaneffectiveapology.C.Whatbenefitsyoucangetfromanapology.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.A【解析】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了許多人拒絕道歉質(zhì)的標(biāo)志，本文就作出有效的道歉進(jìn)行了說明—【12題詳解】Thelater,thebetter.Themoregenuine,thebetter.B.Whypeopleavoidapologizing.D.Whenyoucanmakeaheartfeltapology.因?yàn)榈狼甘顾麄兒軄G面子。但是，道歉是一個(gè)人道德品要承擔(dān)責(zé)任、越真誠(chéng)越好。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句Formany,apologizingisstressful,awkwardanduncomfortable.可知，對(duì)許多人來說，道歉是一種有壓力的、尷尬的和不舒服的行為。根據(jù)stressful,awkwardanduncomfortable可知，許多人認(rèn)為道歉是很丟面子的事情。故選Bo13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句Acknowledgementofresponsibilityturnedouttobethemostimportantpiece,followedbyanexplanationofwhyithappenedanddeclarationofregret可知，對(duì)責(zé)任的承認(rèn)是最重要的一件事，接著是對(duì)其發(fā)生原因的解釋和對(duì)其表示遺憾。所以，說到有效的道歉，最重要的是承擔(dān)責(zé)任。故選C。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句Thereisnothingworseinthesesituationsthaninsincereapologies.可知，在這種情況下，沒有什么比不真誠(chéng)的道歉更糟糕的了。由此判斷出道歉時(shí)，越誠(chéng)懇越好。故選Do【15題詳解】主旨大意題。文章第一段講述了許多人拒絕道歉，因?yàn)榈狼甘顾麄兒軄G面子。第二段講述但真誠(chéng)的道歉有積極的影響。它可以改善你的心理健康，修復(fù)受損的關(guān)系，促進(jìn)自尊。三、四兩段就作出有效的道歉進(jìn)行了說明一一要承擔(dān)責(zé)任、越真誠(chéng)越好。因此，選項(xiàng)A符合本文大意：怎樣才能有效地道歉。故選A。第二節(jié)七選五(共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Gettingalongwithpeoplecanbetough.Thefollowingaresomesuggestionsthatcanhelpyouinsomeway.Accepthumannature.Humansmakemistakes.Peoplearen'talwaysnice.Theyalsohavealloftheproblemsthatyouhaveinyourlife.16Thisisimportanttorememberwhenyou'retryingtogetalongwithpeoplewhoareverydifficultorseemtobeignoringyou;everyoneisjustdoingthebestthattheycan.17Peopleareallverydifferent:that'swhatmakeslifeinteresting.Andjustlikepeoplearealldifferent,theworldisalsoverycomplex.Everysituationisdifferent,always.Justbecausesomeonedoesn'tmakethechoicethatyouwouldmakeorjustbecausetheytakealessefficientorsmartpathtogetwherethey'regoingdoesn'tmakethemwrong.Practiceforgiveness.Forgivepeoplewhentheydomakemistakes.Sometimesyoujusthavetostopandgivepeoplethebenefitofthedoubt(tobelievesomeoneeventhoughyouarenotsurewhetherwhatthepersonissayingistrue).Theymightreallybesorryortheymightreallynotknowthatwhattheydidwasbad.18Keepanopenmind.Sometimesyouhavetogivepeoplethebenefitofthedoubt.19Forexample,whenpeopleinviteyoutoparties,reallyconsidergoinginsteadofjusbtrushingtheinvitationasidebecauseyoudon'tthinkthey'reserious.Dosomethingtogether.20Youcanworktogetheronaprojectforschoolorwork.Youcanalsotryanewactivitytogether.Theseactivitieswillgiveyoumoretotalkaboutandlotsofchancestointeractandgettoknoweachother.Thinkaboutwhatyourwordsreallymean.Respectthattherearelotsofvalidchoices.Everyoneisdealingwiththeirownsetofproblems.Co-operationisagreatwaytobondwithpeopleandmakefriends.Youhavetoforgivethemsothatyoucanmoveontohappierfeelings.Youmightthinkthattheyhateyoubuttheymightbehonestlytryingtobenicetoyou.Evenwhensomeone'smakingyoumad,thankthemfortheirsuggestionsortheireffortto【答案】16.C17.B18.E19.F20.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了與人交往時(shí)的建議【16題詳解】設(shè)空句在段中，應(yīng)起承前啟后的作用。根據(jù)前文“Theyalsohavealloftheproblemsthatyouhaveinyourlif”.可知，每個(gè)人都會(huì)有自己的問題，因此設(shè)空句應(yīng)呼應(yīng)前文內(nèi)容“problems”，且根據(jù)后文解釋“whenyou'retryingtogetalongwithpeoplewhoareverydifficultorseemtobeignoringyou當(dāng)你努力與那些很難相處或似乎忽視你的人相處時(shí)）”可推知設(shè)空處應(yīng)提及被忽略有可能是在別人在花時(shí)間解決自己的問題。選項(xiàng)C.Everyoneisdealingwiththeirownsetofproblems.（每個(gè)人都在處理自己的問題。）符合語境分析。故選C項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】設(shè)空在段首，應(yīng)是本段主旨句。根據(jù)后文“Peopleareallverydifferent:that'swhatmakeslifeinteresting.Andjustlikepeoplearealldifferent,theworldisalsoverycomplex.Everysituationisdifferent,always.Justbecausesomeonedoesn'tmakethechoicethatyouwouldmakeorjustbecausetheytakealessefficientorsmartpathtogetwherethey'regoingdoesn'tmakethemwrong.（每個(gè)人都是不同的：這就是生活有趣的地方。就像人都是不同的，世界也是非常復(fù)雜的。每一種情況總是不同的。僅僅因?yàn)槟橙藳]有做出你會(huì)做出的選擇，或者只是因?yàn)樗麄冞x擇了一條效率較低或更聰明的道路去到達(dá)他們要去的地方，這并沒有什么錯(cuò)。）”可知，本段的主題為其他人和你不一樣并沒有錯(cuò)。選項(xiàng)B.Respectthattherearelotsofvalidchoices?“對(duì)他們的各種選擇表示尊重”貼合本段標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】設(shè)空在段末，應(yīng)呼應(yīng)本段主旨句。根據(jù)主旨句“Practiceforgiveness.”可知，本段在講述原諒，且結(jié)合前文“Theymightreallybesorryortheymightreallynotknowthatwhattheydidwasbad.”可知他們可能真的很抱歉，也可能他們不知道他們所做的是壞事，因此要學(xué)會(huì)原諒。選項(xiàng)E.Youhavetoforgivethemsothatyoucanmoveontohappierfeelings.（你必須原諒他們，這樣你才能走向更幸福的感覺。）符合語境，呼應(yīng)主旨。故選E項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】設(shè)空句在段中，應(yīng)對(duì)主旨句進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步解釋，根據(jù)主旨句“Keepanopenmind.（保持心胸開闊）”可知，要心胸開闊，且后文舉例“Forexample,whenpeopleinviteyoutoparties,reallyconsidergoinginsteadofjustbrushingtheinvitationasidebecauseyoudon'tthinkthey'reserious.（例如，當(dāng)人們邀請(qǐng)你參加聚會(huì)時(shí)，要真正地考慮去參加，而不是因?yàn)槟悴徽J(rèn)為他們是認(rèn)真的而把邀請(qǐng)放在一邊。）”是在闡述要相信別人是在真誠(chéng)的對(duì)待你。選項(xiàng)F.Youmightthinkthattheyhateyoubuttheymightbehonestlytryingtobenicetoyou.你可能認(rèn)為他們討厭你，但他們可能是真心想對(duì)你好。）與舉例內(nèi)容相呼應(yīng)，符合語境。故選F項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】設(shè)空在主旨句之后，應(yīng)對(duì)主旨句進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步解釋且出現(xiàn)其原詞或同義詞。根據(jù)主旨句“Dosomethingtogether."在講合作，選項(xiàng)D.Co-operationisagreatwaytobondwithpeopleandmakefriends.（合作是與人交往和交朋友的好方法。）中co-operation與主旨句中“worktogether”含義相同，符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共210小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的敁佳選項(xiàng)。Imagineanarea34timesthesizeofManhattan.Nowimagineitcoveredankle-deepinplasticwaste.That'satotalofabout19billionpoundsof21.Andaccordingtooneofthebestestimatesavailable,that'showmuchplasticwaste22inouroceanseveryyear."We'rebeing23byourwaste,"saidJennaJambeck,an/a24engineerwholedthe2015studythatannouncedthisshockingnumber.AccordingtoJambeck'sresearch,ths25willdoubleby2025unlesssomethingisdone,26andataglobalscale,tostopthetideofgarbage.Plastichasinmanywaysbeenagoodhelptohumanity,usedinallwalksof27frommedicalequipmenttopartsofairplanes.28someoftheverytraits特性）thathavemadeplasticssopopularhavealsomadethema29probleminourlandfillsandoceans.TodayplasticsaretheNo.1typeoftrashfoundinthesea.OceanConservancy,anonprofitenvironmentaladvocacygroupthatorganizesayearly30cleanupeventinmorethan150countriesworldwide,saidplasticpieces31around85percentofallthegarbagecollectedfrombeacheswaterwaysandoceans一andthat'sjustthestuffwecan32.OceanConservancysaysplasticsarebelievedto33atleast600differentwildlife34.Oneinthreeleatherbackturtles,whichoften35plasticbagsforedible（可吃的）jellyfish,havebeenfoundwithplasticintheirbellies.In2017,a36whalebeachedonNorway'scoasthad30plasticbagsinits37.Ninetypercentofseabirdsarenoweating38onaregularbasis.By2050,thatfigureisexpectedtoriseto100percent.Andit'snot39wildlifethat'sthreatenedbytheplasticsinourseas.Agrowingbodyofevidencesuggestshumansareconsumingplasticsthroughtheseafoodweeat.Withthisinmindexpertssaythatallofushavea40roletoplayinrelievingtheissue一inwaysbothbigandsmall.21.A.seaweedB.seafoodC.garbageD.money22.A.comesfromB.endsupC.takesoutD.putaway23.A.trappedB.controlledC.surroundedD.destroyed24.A.medicalB.technicalC.agriculturalD.environmental25.A.figureB.wasteC.priceD.cost

26.A.swiftlyB.slowlyC.hurriedlyD.unexpectedly27.A.timeB.educationC.technologyD.life28.A.WhileB.SoC.ButD.And29.A.changingB.growingC.movingD.touching30.A.scientificB.coastalC.generalD.tiny31.A.picksupB.takesupC.makesupD.bringsup32.A.seeB.eatC.hideD.search33.A.influenceB.damageC.increaseD.threaten34.A.plantsB.animalsC.protectionD.species35.A.mistakeB.lookC.regardD.recognize36.A.vividB.deadlyC.deadD.lively37.A.mouthB.stomachC.headD.tail38.A.wasteB.rubbishC.nothingD.plastics39.A.justB.alwaysC.reallyD.constantly40.A.uniqueB.criticalC.reasonableD.natural答案】1.C22.B23.C24.D25.A26.A27.D28.C29.B30.28.C29.B30.B31.C32.A33.D34.D35.A36.C37.B38.D39.A40.B【解析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了大量的塑料垃圾對(duì)于海洋以及與海洋有關(guān)的各種生物包括人在內(nèi)的威脅，其已然成為一種危機(jī)，需要立即采取行動(dòng)緩解這個(gè)問題?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這總共是大約190億磅的垃圾。A.seaweed海草；B.seafood海鮮；C.garbage垃圾；廢話；D.money金錢。根據(jù)前文“Nowimagineitcoveredankle-deepinplasticwaste.”可知，這里在講述曼哈頓區(qū)域它被齊踝深的塑料垃圾所覆蓋，因此本句在講述垃圾之多。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意：根據(jù)現(xiàn)有最好的估計(jì)之一，那就是每年有多少塑料垃圾進(jìn)入我們的海洋。A.comesfrom來自；B.endsup結(jié)束；倒閉；C.takesout除掉；取得（貸款、許可、保險(xiǎn)等）；D.putaway把收拾起來。根據(jù)前文''Imagineanarea34timesthesizeofManhattan.Nowimagineitcoveredankle-deepinplasticwaste.（想象一個(gè)面積是曼哈頓34倍的區(qū)域。現(xiàn)在想象一下，它被埋在齊踝深的塑料垃圾里。）以及“inouroceanseveryyear”可知，在描述的是我們?nèi)拥舻乃芰侠谝院Ｑ鬄闅w宿。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我們正被垃圾包圍，”詹娜?詹姆?貝克JennaJambeck)說，她是一名環(huán)境工程師，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了2015年的一項(xiàng)研究，該研究公布了這個(gè)令人震驚的數(shù)字。A.trapped誘騙；抓捕；B.controlled控制；C.surrounded包圍；D.destroyed毀壞。根據(jù)后文“ataglobalscale,tostopthetideofgarbage除非在除非在全球范圍內(nèi)迅速采取措施阻止垃圾的泛濫。)”可知，她所帶領(lǐng)的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)公布的驚人數(shù)字應(yīng)是上文提及的垃圾數(shù)量，其數(shù)量之大使得她認(rèn)為我們正在被垃圾包圍。故選C項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意“我們正被垃圾包圍，”詹娜?詹姆?貝克(JennaJambeck)說，她是一名環(huán)境工程師，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了2015年的一項(xiàng)研究，該研究公布了這個(gè)令人震驚的數(shù)字。A.medical醫(yī)學(xué)的；醫(yī)療的；B.technical技術(shù)的；工藝的;技巧的;C.agricultural農(nóng)業(yè)的;D.environmental環(huán)保的。根據(jù)后文“wholedthe2015studythatannouncedthisshockingnumber(她領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了2015年的一項(xiàng)研究，該研究宣布了這個(gè)令人震驚的數(shù)字。)”可知她應(yīng)該是從事環(huán)保有關(guān)的工作。故選D項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：根據(jù)Jambeck的研究，這個(gè)數(shù)字到2025年將會(huì)翻倍，除非在全球范圍內(nèi)迅速采取措施阻止垃圾的泛濫。A.figure數(shù)字；B.waste廢物；廢水；C.price價(jià)格；D.cost費(fèi)用；成本。根據(jù)空前的this為指示代詞，且結(jié)合空后的動(dòng)詞“double(使加倍；翻倍)”可知，應(yīng)是指代前文中提及的“atotalofabout19billionpoundsof(garbage)”中的數(shù)字。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：根據(jù)Jambeck的研究，這個(gè)數(shù)字到2025年將會(huì)翻倍，除非在全球范圍內(nèi)迅速采取措施阻止垃圾的泛濫。A.swiftly很快地；敏捷地；即刻；B.slowly緩慢地，慢慢地；C.hurriedly匆忙地；倉促地；D.unexpectedly出乎意料地，意外地。根據(jù)前文“this5_(figure)willdoubleby2025unlesssomethingisdone”可知，要阻止這種增長(zhǎng)速度就要迅速立即采取措施。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：塑料在很多方面都對(duì)人類有很大的幫助，從醫(yī)療設(shè)備到飛機(jī)零部件的各行各業(yè)都在使用塑料。A.time時(shí)間；B.education教育；C.technology技術(shù)；D.life生命；生活。根據(jù)后文“frommedicalequipmenttopartsofairplanes(從醫(yī)療設(shè)備到飛機(jī)部件),可知，本句在強(qiáng)調(diào)塑料存在在各行各業(yè)。“allwalksoflife”，固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“各行各業(yè)”。故選D項(xiàng)。28題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：但是正是這些特性使得塑料如此受歡迎，也使得它們?cè)谖覀兊睦盥駡?chǎng)和海洋中成為一個(gè)日益嚴(yán)重的問題。A.While當(dāng)……時(shí)候；然而；B.So因此；C.But但是；D.And而且。根據(jù)后文“someoftheverytraitsthathavemadeplasticssopopularhavealsomadethema___9__probleminourlandfillsandoceans.”可知使塑料如此受歡迎的一些特性也使它們成為垃圾填埋場(chǎng)和海洋中的難題，因此與前句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是正是這些特性使得塑料如此受歡迎，也使得它們?cè)谖覀兊睦盥駡?chǎng)和海洋中成為一個(gè)日益嚴(yán)重的問題。A.changing變化的；B.growing增加的；C.moving感人的；D.touching感人的。根據(jù)后文“Today,plasticsaretheNo.1typeoftrashfoundinthesea?”可知塑料是海洋中發(fā)現(xiàn)的第一類垃圾，因此對(duì)于海洋和陸地來說，塑料是一種不斷增長(zhǎng)的難題。故選/