醫(yī)學(xué)英語第一冊詞匯表

PAGEPAGE17/17Unit1Thehumanbody（插入部分）MedicalTerminologyPrefixesa-,an-

Meaningnotwithout

Examplesasymptomatic anemiade-reversedefibrillator 除顫劑removefromdehydration 脫水a(chǎn)b-awayfromabductor外展肌abnormality 異常ad-,ac-,af-,ag-towardadductor內(nèi)收肌acceptor受體afferent傳入的，輸入的aggravate加重，加?。ú∏榈龋゛nte-beforeantenatal產(chǎn)前的forwardanteversion 前傾post-afterbehindpostpartal產(chǎn)后的postdigestive 消化后的supra-infra-

abovebeyondbelow

supracranialsupranasalinfracostal

顱上的鼻上的肋下的beneath

infrared

紅外線hyper-

aboveexcessivebeyond

hypertensionhyperglycemia

高血壓高血糖hypo-epi-

underdeficientbelowabove

hypothalamus 下丘腦hypothyroidism 甲狀腺功能減epithelial上皮的over epidermisuponsub-

under

subcutaneous 皮下的beneath

subhepatic

肝下的intra-

within

intravenousintramuscular

靜脈內(nèi)的肌內(nèi)的extra- outside extracellularextracranial

細(xì)胞外的顱外的endo- inside endocrine內(nèi)分泌的within

endocarditis

心內(nèi)膜炎ex-,exo-

out

exocrineexotoxin

外分泌的外毒素inter- between intercostalinterneuron

肋間的中間神經(jīng)元circum- around circumvascular 血管周的circumrenal 腎周的peri- around

pericardial

心包的surrounding periosteum骨膜ana-

upbackwardagainst

anabolismanatomy解剖學(xué)cata-

downunder

catabolismcatalysis

分解代謝催化contra-

against

contraindication

禁忌癥opposite contraception 避孕anti-

against

antibioticantiviral

抗生素抗病毒的；抗病毒藥dys- abnormaldifficult

dyspepsiadyspnea呼吸困難badimpairedeu-goodeugenics優(yōu)生學(xué)normaleupepsia消化正常para-alongsideparasympathetic 副交感的nearbeyondparathyroid甲狀旁腺paralysis癱瘓，麻痹abnormaldia-throughdialysis透析throughoutdiagnosis診斷bi-twobiceps二頭肌bilateral兩側(cè)的semi-halfsemipermeable 半透性的meta-changesemilunar半月形的metabolism新陳代謝metastasis轉(zhuǎn)移trans-acrosstransplantation transaminase 轉(zhuǎn)氨酶ultra-beyondultrasonography 超聲檢查法excessultramicroscope 超顯微鏡Unit2Humandiseases（插入部分）MedicalTerminologySuffixes Meaning Examples-anominalending-e

actprocesscondition

aerobia 需氧菌placenta 胎盤lymphocyte淋巴細(xì)isotope 同位素-is cutis皮膚prognosis 預(yù)后-on neuron神經(jīng)元colon結(jié)腸-um cerebrum大腦pericardium心包-us stimulus刺激物nucleus核-ybiopsy活組織檢查physiology 生理學(xué)-accardiac心臟的；賁門的-aceoussebaceous皮脂的-albuccal頰的-armuscular肌肉的adjectiva-arypertainingtobiliary膽汁的lending-ealesophageal食管的-icoptic眼的；視力的-oryrespiratory 呼吸的-ousinfectious 傳染性的；感染性的mucous粘液的-cul(e),ventricular 心室的；腦室的-clecorpuscle小體，細(xì)胞vesicle小水泡diminutiv-ellorganelle細(xì)胞器；小器官smallecircellus小環(huán)littlesuffixes-ill(us,capillary毛細(xì)血管a,um)bacillus桿菌-olarteriole小動脈，微動脈bronchiole細(xì)支氣管-ul(e) venule小靜脈，微靜脈lobule 小葉-esisdiauresis利尿diseased-iaabnormalorleukemia白血病condition-iasispathologicallithiasis結(jié)石病-osisconditionacidosis酸中毒necrosis壞死-aseenzymelipase脂肪酶oxidase氧化酶-osesugarfructose果糖maltose麥芽糖-in,-ineagentinsulin胰島素epinephrine 腎上腺素immunoglobulin免疫球蛋白-itis inflammation

arthritishepatitis

關(guān)節(jié)炎肝炎-oma tumor adenoma-oid resembling adenoid腺樣的cystoid囊樣的-ics nameofascience

geneticspediatrics

遺傳學(xué)兒科學(xué)-ician an expert

of aphysician

醫(yī)師，內(nèi)科醫(yī)師profession

pediatrician

兒科醫(yī)師，兒科學(xué)家-ist

practitioner

ofadentist口腔科醫(yī)師，牙醫(yī)-ism

professionaction

physiologistembolism栓塞

生理學(xué)家asystemoftheory rheumatism 風(fēng)濕orpracticeUnit3theskeletalsystem （插入部分）MedicalTerminologyWordpartsarthr(o)-

Meaningjoint

Examplesarthritisarthroplasty 關(guān)節(jié)造形術(shù)burs(o)-chondr(o)-

bursacartilage

bursitischondritis

滑液囊炎軟骨炎chondroma軟骨瘤chondrocyte 軟骨細(xì)胞coccy-

coccyx

骶尾骨coccyg(o)-cost(o)-

coccygectomy 尾骨切除術(shù)rib intercostal 肋間的crani(o)-

cranium craniomalaciacraniostosis

顱骨消融顱縫[天生]骨化ili(o)-

ilium

髂骨的iliopelvic髂盆的myel(o)-ossi-

bonemarrowbone

myeloma骨髓瘤ossicle[聽]小骨ossification 骨化oste(o)-

bone osteitis骨osteoma 骨osteocyte骨細(xì)胞pelvi(o)- pelvis pelvic骨盆的pelvisection 骨盆切開術(shù)rachi(o)-

spine

脊柱痛rachianesthesia 脊髓麻醉(法)sacr(o)- sacrum sacral骶骨的sacrodynia 骶[部spondyl(o)- vertebra spondylopathy 脊椎病cervicospondylopathy頸椎病ten(o)-tend(o)-tendin(o)-

tendon tendonitistenorrhaphytendinoustenalgia

腱炎腱的腱痛vertebr(o)-

vertebra

intervertebralvertebrectomy

椎骨間的椎骨切除術(shù)malac(o)- softening osteomalacia 骨消融chondromalacia軟骨消融-porosis-asthenia

porousweaknesslossstrength

osteoporosis myasthenia肌無力of neurasthenia 神經(jīng)衰弱troph(o)-

developmentstimulation

atrophy萎縮hypertrophy 肥maintenancemalac(o)- softening malacosteon 骨消融aalg(o)-alges(o)-

pain

myalgiaarthralgiaanalgesia

肌痛關(guān)節(jié)痛痛覺缺失Unit4themuscularsystem （插入部分）MedicalTerminologyWordPartspath(o)-

Meaningdisease

Examplespathogenesis nephropathy腎病morph(o)-

formshape

morphology形態(tài)學(xué)amorphous無形態(tài)的morphometrymy(o)- muscle myocardial心肌的muscul(o)-fibr(o)-

myotonia肌強(qiáng)直muscle musculin肌球蛋白fiber fibroma纖維瘤nfasci(o)- fascia fasciodesisfasciitis

筋膜固定術(shù)筋膜炎fascioplasty 筋膜成形術(shù)ten(o)-

tendon

tenorrhaphy

腱縫合術(shù)tend(o)-tendin(o)-

tenostosis腱骨化tenosynovitis 腱鞘ton(o)- tone cardiotonictonofibril

張力原纖維kinesi(o)-

movement dyskinesia

運(yùn)動阻擋kinet(o)-alg(o)-

pharmacokineticspain myalgia肌痛

藥動學(xué)cephalalgiaalgesthesisneuralgia

痛覺神經(jīng)痛-itis

inflammation

dermatomyositisfasciitis筋膜炎

皮肌炎my(o)- muscle myocardium心肌electromyography 肌電myonecrosis肌肉壞死poly-

many polymyositis

多肌炎polyadenitis 多腺炎theli(o)-

skin endothelium內(nèi)皮epithelial上皮subendothelial內(nèi)皮下spasm(o)-

spasm

myospasmia肌痙攣病bronchospasmnecr(o)- death osteonecrosis 骨壞死necrotomy尸體解剖tri-

three tricycletriangle

孕期的三個月三輪車三角plas-

growth

aplasia不發(fā)育development

dysplasiafibroplasiahyperplasia

發(fā)育不良纖維組織形成增生Unit5thedigestivesystemMedicalTerminologyWordPartsbucc(o)-

Meaningcheek

Examplesbucca臉頰buccopulpal頰與牙髓的dent(o)-odont(o)-or(o)-stom(o)-

tooth labiodentalorthodonticsperiodontiummouth oraloropharynxmouth stomatitis

唇齒的正牙學(xué)牙周組織口咽口腔炎stomat(o)- stomatomycosisperistomatous

口霉菌病口周的nas(o)-

nose nasogastric

鼻飼的nasopalatine 鼻腭esophag(o)-pharyng(o)-

esophaguspharynx

esophagogastrostomy食管胃切合術(shù)pharyngitis咽炎pharyngoxenosis 咽喉干燥sial(o)-lingu(o)-

saliva sialorrheasiaolithtongue

流涎涎石舌下的linguodental 舌齒的gloss(o)-

tongue

glossotomy舌切開術(shù)glossopharyngeal 舌咽gingiv(o)- gums gingivitis牙齦炎gingivectomy 牙齦切除術(shù)gastr(o)-jejun(o)-

stomach gastroenteritisgastrorrhagiajejunum jejunoileitisjejunorrhaphy

胃腸炎胃出血空腸回腸炎空腸縫合術(shù)ile(o)-

ileum ileocolitisileectomy

回腸結(jié)腸炎回腸切除術(shù)append(o)-appendic(o)-

appendix

appendectomy闌尾切除appendicitis 闌尾炎bili-

gallbile

bilirubinbiliation

膽紅素膽汁生成chole(o)-

gall

cholelithiasis

膽結(jié)石chol(o)-

bile

cholestasis

膽汁淤積cholecystitis 膽囊炎cec(o)- cecum cecorrhaphy盲腸縫合術(shù)cecopexy盲腸固定術(shù)col(o)-colon(o)-

colon colonoscope結(jié)腸鏡colostomyduoden(o)- duodenum gastroduodenal 胃十二指腸的duodenectomy十二指腸切除術(shù)enter(o)- intestine,

gastroenterologist

胃腸道專家usually

the

enteropathy腸道疾病smallintestineperitone(o)-

peritoneum

peritonealgia 腹膜痛peritoneocentesisperitoneography

腹腔穿刺術(shù)腹膜造影術(shù)pancreat(o)- pancreas

pancreaticpancreolysis

胰腺的胰組織破壞proct(o)- rectum

protologyprotopexy

直腸科直腸固定術(shù)rect(o)- rectum

rectovesicalpararectal

直腸膀胱的直腸旁的an(o)- anus

anoplasty

肛門成形術(shù)anoscope肛門鏡sigmoid(o)- sigmoidcolon sigmoiditis十二指腸炎sigmoidotomy 十二指腸切開術(shù)splen(o)- spleen

splenomegaly splenic脾的hepat(o)- liver hepatatrophia hepatomegaly肝腫大hepatonecrosis 肝壞死lapar(o)- abdomen

laparocelelaparoscopy

腹疝腹腔鏡檢查abdomin(o)- abdomen abdominouterotomy腹式子宮切開術(shù)transabdominal 經(jīng)腹的aliment(o)- food

alimentary

營養(yǎng)的nutrient

hyperalimentation

營養(yǎng)過分carb(o)-carbon(o)-pepsi(o)-

carbon carbohydrate碳水化合物carbonate碳酸鹽digestion pepsin胃蛋白酶dyspepsodynia 消化不良性-rrhexis rupture hepatorrhexis 肝破裂ophthalmorrhexis 眼球破裂-cele hernia cecocele盲腸突出protrusion

colpocele

陰道疝，陰道脫垂lith(o)-

stone

lithodialysischolelithiasis

溶石術(shù)，碎石術(shù)膽結(jié)石-ptosis ptosis coloptosisproptosis

結(jié)腸下垂前垂，突出Unit6therespiratorysystem （插入部分）MedicalTerminologyWordPartsnas(o)-

Meaningnose

Examplesnasitis

鼻咽炎rhin(o)-

nose rhinallergosisrhinorrhagia

過敏性鼻炎鼻出血pharyng(o)-laryng(o)-

pharynx pharyngitis 咽炎pharyngoscopy 鏡larynx laryngitis喉炎tracheo-

laryngotracheobronchitistrachea tracheitis氣管炎

喉氣管支氣管炎bronch(o)-

tracheolaryngotomybronchus bronchitis支氣管炎

氣管喉切開術(shù)bronchoalveolitis 支氣管肺炎bronchoscopy 支氣管鏡檢查lob(o)-

lobe

lobitis葉炎pneum(o)-pneumon(o)-pneumat(o)-

lungair

pneumoenteritispneumolithiasispneumonia

肺腸炎肺石病pneumorrhagia 肺出血pulm(o)- lung pulmonitis肺炎pulmon(o)- pulmogram肺Xpulmonary肺的spir(o)-

breathing spirometerspiroscope

肺量計(jì)呼吸量檢測器pne(o)-

breathing

apnea呼吸暫停bradypneaalveol(o)-

alveolus alveolitis

牙槽炎alveoloplasty 牙槽成形術(shù)thorac(o)-

chest

thoracostomy胸廓造口術(shù)thoracocentesis 胸腔穿pleur(o)- pleura pleurectomy 胸膜切除術(shù)cyan(o)-

pleuropneumoniablue cyanopsia

胸膜肺炎cyanemia青血癥，紺血癥orth(o)-

straight orthodontiaorthopnea

正牙學(xué)端坐呼吸ox(o)-oxi-oxy-

oxygen

oxide氧化物antioxidant 抗氧化phon(o)-phren(o)-

voice aphonia失音phonophotography聲波照相術(shù)diaphragm; phrenitis膈炎paraphrenitis 膈周組織炎sin(o)-sinussinobronchitis 竇支氣管炎perisinuitis 竇周炎aer(o)-airaerobic有氧的anaerobic 無氧的；厭氧的aerobe需氧菌allerg(o)-

allergy allergenallergic

過敏原過敏的sten(o)-

narrowing

bronchostenosisrectostenosis

支氣管狹窄直腸狹窄-ectasis dilatation bronchiectasia 支氣管擴(kuò)大corectasiavenectasia

瞳孔擴(kuò)大靜脈曲張Unit7cardiovascularsystem:bloodandbloodcirculationMedicalTerminology

（插入部分）WordPartserythr(o)-cyt(o)-

Meaningredcell

Exampleserythrocyte megakaryocyte巨核細(xì)胞hepatocytecytopeniahemat(o)- blood hematocrit

肝細(xì)胞細(xì)胞減少血細(xì)胞比容hematology 血液病學(xué)hematuria血尿micro-

smalltiny

microscope 顯微鏡microorganism微生物microbe微生物a-/an- notwithout

anemia貧血anucleateasymptomatic無癥狀的hem(o)-

blood hemoglobin hemolysis溶血hemorrhage 出血leuk(o)- white leukocyte白細(xì)胞leukemia白血病endo- innerwithin

endocardium endocrine內(nèi)分泌endoscopy內(nèi)窺鏡檢de--emia

lackofdownlossbloodcondition

deoxygenated 脫氧dehydration 脫水degeneration 變性leukemia白血病hypercalcemia anemia貧血pen(o)- deficiency erythrocytopeniscalcipenia鈣缺乏，鈣質(zhì)減少rrhe(o)- flow hematorrhea 大出血seborrhea皮脂溢antidiarrheal 止瀉rrhag(o)- excessiveflow cholerrhagiarhinorrhagiamegalo- enlargement megalocardiasplenomegaly

膽汁溢出鼻出血心肥大脾臟腫大megaloblast 巨成紅細(xì)胞-lys(o)

breakdownseparation

hemolysisanalysis解析paralysisphil-

love hemophiliahydrophilia

血友病親水性-oma

tumor

lymphoma淋巴瘤carcinoma癌癥fibroma纖維瘤-ose sugar glucosemaltoselactose乳糖gen(o)- origination

cardiogenic

心源性的production antigen抗原glycogen糖原-ol(e) small venule小靜脈-ul(e)

arteriole

小動脈lobule小葉tom(o)- cut tomography 體層斷層照影bronchotomy 支氣管切開術(shù)gastrectomy 胃切除術(shù)graph(o)- picture mammography 乳房照影術(shù)echography 回波