考研考博-英語-廣東科貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣東科貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Westernmovieshavebeensuchfavoritesthattheyhave____thepublic’sconceptionofwhatthewesternworldis.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.changed

B.dominated

C.constructed

D.complicated

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.changed改變B.dominated控制；支配；主導(dǎo)

C.constructed組成；創(chuàng)建；構(gòu)建D.complicated使復(fù)雜化

【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接

【解題思路】句意：西方電影是如此受歡迎，以至于它們____公眾對西方世界的概念。由此可知，空格處所填詞的賓語是“概念”，并且填它是“西方電影是如此受歡迎”的結(jié)果。公眾們喜歡看西方的電影，通過電影形成了對西方世界的認(rèn)識，C選項(xiàng)constructed“組成；創(chuàng)建；構(gòu)建”符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)不符合原文語義邏輯。

【句意】西方電影是如此受歡迎，以至于它們構(gòu)建了公眾對西方世界的概念。

2.單選題

Whatisitthatbringsaboutsuchanintimateconnectionbetweenlanguageandthinking?Istherenothinkingwithouttheuseoflanguage,namelyinconceptsandconcept-combinationsforwhichwordsneednotnecessarilycometomind?Hasnoteveryoneofusstruggledforwordsalthoughtheconnectionbetween“thing”wasalreadyclear?

Wemightbeinclinedtoattributetotheactofthinkingcompleteindependencefromlanguageiftheindividualformedorwereabletoformhisconceptswithouttheverbalguidanceofhisenvironment.Yetmostlikelythementalshapeofanindividualgrowingupundersuchconditions,wouldbeverypoor.Thuswemayconcludethatthementaldevelopmentoftheindividualandhiswayofformingconceptsdependtoahighdegreeuponlanguage.Thismakesusrealizetowhatextentthesamelanguagemeansthesamementality.Inthissensethinkingandlanguagearelinkedtogether.

Whatdistinguishesthelanguageofsciencefromlanguageasweordinarilyunderstandtheword?Howisitthatscientificlanguageisinternational?Whatsciencestrivesforisanutmostacutenessandclarityofconceptsasregardstheirmutualrelationandtheircorrespondencetosensorydata.Asanillustration,letustakethelanguageofEducationgeometryandAlgebra.Theymanipulatewithasmallnumberofindependentlyintroducedconcepts,respectivelysymbols,suchastheintegralnumber,thestraightline,thepoint,aswellaswithsignswhichdesignatethefundamentaloperations,thatistheconnectionsbetweenthosefundamentalconcepts.Thisisthebasisfortheconstructionbetweenconceptsandstatementsontheonehandandsensorydataontheotherhandisestablishedthroughactsofcountingandmeasuringwhoseperformanceissufficientlywelldetermined.

Thesuper-nationalcharacterofscientificconceptsandscientificlanguageisduetothefactthattheyhavebeensetupbythebestbrainsofallcountriesandalltimes.Insolitudeandyetincooperativeeffortasregardsthefinaleffecttheycreatedthespiritualtoolsforthetechnicalrevolutionswhichhavetransformedthelifeofmankindinthelastcenturies.Theirsystemofconceptshasservedasaguideinthebewilderingchaosofperceptionssothatwelearnedtograspgeneraltruthsfromparticularobservations.

Whathopesandfearsdoesthescientificmethodimplyformankind?Idonotthinkthatthisistherightwaytoputaquestion.Whateverthistoolinthehandofmanwillproducedependsentirelyonthegoalsaliveinthismankind.Oncethesegoalsexist,thescientificmethodfurnishesmeanstorealizethem.Yetitcannotfurnishtheverygoals.ThescientificmethoditselfwouldnothaveledanywhereitwouldnotevenhavebeenbornwithoutapassionatestrivingforclearunderstandingPerfectionsofmeansandconfusionofgoalsseem—inmyopinion—tocharacterizeourage.Ifwedesiresincerelyandpassionatelythesafety,thewelfareandthefreedevelopmentofthetalentsofallmen,weshallnotbeinwantofthemeansofapproachsuchastate.Evenifonlyasmallpartofmankindstrivesforsuchgoals,theirsuperioritywillproveitselfinthelongrun.

1.Howdoesthewriterdrawtheconclusionthatmentaldevelopmentofanindividualdependsmuchuponlanguage?

2.Accordingtothewriter,scientificlanguageis（）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthetechnicalrevolutions（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldthewriterprobablyfavor?

5.Thewriterthinksthatthecharacteristicsofourageare（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Hestudiesstatisticsrevealedbyresearchers.

B.Hemanagedtodoitbyreasoning.

C.Hedoesitbycitingwordsfromauthorities.

D.Hemerelyassertsittobethecase.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.super-national

B.limited

C.abstract

D.boring

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.havenospiritualtools

B.haveenlightenedthethoughtsofmankind

C.havethelittleinfluenceontheworld

D.havetransformedthelifeofmankind

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Scientificmethodcanprovidemankindwithmeanstoattaingoals.

B.Scientificmethodwouldleadustodoomandchaos.

C.Scientificmethodcanonlyleadtowarfare.

D.Scientificmethodismoreimportantthanscientificlanguage.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.perfectionsofmeansandconfusionofgoal

B.lackofscientificmethodandabundanceofscientificlanguage

C.perfectionsoflanguageandconfusionofthinking

D.lackofsolitudeandabundanceofcooperation

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第二段的倒數(shù)第三句Thuswemayconcludethatthementaldevelopmentoftheindividualandhiswayofformingconceptsdependtoahighdegreeuponlanguage.（因此，我們可以得出這樣的結(jié)論：個體的心理發(fā)展及其形成概念的方式在很大程度上依賴于語言。）作者在做這個斷言之前，并沒有給出過多的解釋及論述，因此D選項(xiàng)“他只是斷言這是事實(shí)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“他研究研究人員揭示的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)”，文章中作者并沒有給出相應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)；B選項(xiàng)“他通過推理成功地做了這件事”，他是沒有進(jìn)行邏輯推理的；C選項(xiàng)“他通過引用權(quán)威的話來做這件事”，文章中并沒有引用。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段第二句話Howisitthatscientificlanguageisinternational?（為什么科學(xué)語言是國際性的呢?）雖然是一個問句，但是也表明了大眾是接受這個觀點(diǎn)的，因此A選項(xiàng)“由多個國家組成的；超國家的”正確。B選項(xiàng)“有限制的”；C選項(xiàng)“抽象的”；D選項(xiàng)“無聊的”，這些都是干擾項(xiàng)。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到倒數(shù)第二段最后Insolitudeandyetincooperativeeffortasregardsthefinaleffecttheycreatedthespiritualtoolsforthetechnicalrevolutionswhichhavetransformedthelifeofmankindinthelastcenturies.（他們孤獨(dú)而又合作地為技術(shù)革命創(chuàng)造了精神工具，這些技術(shù)革命在過去幾個世紀(jì)里改變了人類的生活。）可以看出技術(shù)革命改變了我們的生活，因此D選項(xiàng)“改變了人類的生活”正確。A選項(xiàng)“沒有精神工具”，這句話說了它們創(chuàng)造了精神工具，因此A錯誤；B選項(xiàng)“啟蒙了人類的思想”，原文的表述沒有到這個程度，屬于過度推斷；C選項(xiàng)“對世界有小小的影響”，它已經(jīng)改變了人們的生活，因此不是“小小的影響”，C選項(xiàng)錯誤。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞定位到最后一段Oncethesegoalsexist,thescientificmethodfurnishesmeanstorealizethem.Yetitcannotfurnishtheverygoals.（一旦這些目標(biāo)存在，科學(xué)方法就提供了實(shí)現(xiàn)這些目標(biāo)的手段，但它不能提供這些目標(biāo)。）也就是說只要有目標(biāo)，那么科學(xué)方法就會提供實(shí)現(xiàn)它們的手段，因此A選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)方法可以為人類提供實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的手段”正確。B選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)的方法會給我們帶來厄運(yùn)和混亂”，不是文章的觀點(diǎn)；C選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)方法只能導(dǎo)致戰(zhàn)爭”，不正確；D選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)的方法比科學(xué)的語言更重要”，這個文章并沒有提到。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到最后一段Perfectionsofmeansandconfusionofgoalsseem—inmyopinion—tocharacterizeourage.（在我看來，手段的完美和目標(biāo)的混亂似乎是我們這個時代的特征。）因此A選項(xiàng)“手段的完美和目標(biāo)的混亂”正確。B選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)方法的缺乏和科學(xué)語言的豐富”；C選項(xiàng)“語言能力和思維混亂”；D選項(xiàng)“缺乏獨(dú)處和合作”，不是作者的觀點(diǎn)。

3.單選題

______energyundertheearthmustbereleasedinoneformoranother,forexample,inanearthquake.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Accumulated

B.Assembled

C.Gathered

D.Collected

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.Accumulated積累；積聚B.Assembled聚集；集合

C.Gathered集合；歸攏（分散的東西）D.Collected收集；采集

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)謂語動詞mustbereleased（必須被釋放）可推知，能量積累到一定程度的時候必須釋放出來，所以______energy是指“積累的能量”，accumulate指任何事物量的增加，側(cè)重于連續(xù)不斷地、一點(diǎn)一滴地聚積，該題選擇A項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)指把人或事物聚集在一起；

C項(xiàng)側(cè)重于圍繞一個中心的集合、聚集；

D項(xiàng)側(cè)重于指有區(qū)別地作選擇或有安排有計劃地把零散物集中起來；

以上三項(xiàng)都不符合句意。

【句意】地下積累的能量必須以一種或另一種形式釋放出來，例如地震。

4.單選題

Whatsmallbusinessesneedtolearnfromlargercompetitorsishowdevelopingadynamiclearningenvironment_______innovation,strengthensmarketposition,anddevelopsatruecompetitiveadvantage.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.propels

B.restrains

C.prescribes

D.improvises

【答案】A

【解析】propel推進(jìn),驅(qū)使；restrain抑制,制止；prescribe規(guī)定,開處方;improvise臨時準(zhǔn)備，即興創(chuàng)作。句意：小企業(yè)需要向大的競爭對手學(xué)習(xí)的是如何開發(fā)一個動態(tài)的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境來推動改革、鞏固市場地位，并發(fā)展真正的競爭優(yōu)勢。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

5.單選題

Whatpercentageofthepopulationinamodemtechnologicalsocietyis,likemyself,inthefortunatepositionofbeingworkers?AtaguessIwouldsaysixteenpercent,andIdonotthinkthatfigureislikelytogetbiggerinthefuture.

Technologyandthedivisionoflaborhavedonetwothings：byeliminatinginmanyfieldstheneedforspecialstrengthorskill,theyhavemadeaverylargenumberofpaidoccupationswhichformerlywereenjoyableworkintoboringlabor,andbyincreasingproductivitytheyhavereducedthenumberofnecessarylaboringhours.Itisalreadypossibletoimagineasocietyinwhichthemajorityofthepopulation,thatistosay,itslaborers,willhavealmostasmuchleisureasinearliertimeswasenjoyedbythearistocracy.Whenonerecallshowaristocraciesinthepastactuallybehaved,theprospectisnotcheerful.Indeed,theproblemofdealingwithboredommaybeevenmoredifficultforsuchafuturemasssocietythanitwasforaristocracies.Thelatter,forexample,ritualizedtheirtime;therewasaseasontoshootgrouse,aseasontospendintown,etc.Themassesaremorelikelytoreplaceanunchangingritualbyfashionwhichchangesasoftenaspossibleintheeconomicinterestofcertainpeople.Again,themassescannotgoinforhunting,forverysoontherewouldbenoanimalslefttohunt.Forotheraristocraticamusementslikegambling,dueling,andwarfare,itmaybeonlytooeasytofindequivalentsindangerousdriving,drug-taking,andsenselessactsofviolence.Workersseldomcommitactsofviolence,becausetheycanputtheiraggressionintotheirwork,beitphysicalliketheworkofasmith,ormentalliketheworkofascientistoranartist.Theroleofaggressioninmentalworkisaptlyexpressedbythephrase“gettingone’steethintoaproblem”.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thewriterbelievesthemajorityofthepopulation（

）

2.Accordingtothepassage,technologyanddivisionoflabourhavedoneallofthefollowingEXCEPT（

）

3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassageaboutspecialstrengthandskill?

4.Accordingtothepassagearistocracydealtwithboredomby（

）

5.Whichofthefollowingisoneoftheamusementsofthemasses?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.areunhappywithwhattheydo.

B.willgetbiggerintheirnumberinthefuture.

C.agreewithhimonhisclassification.

D.areinthefortunatepositionofbeingworkers.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.increasingthejoyofthepaidoccupations.

B.makingskillandspecialstrengthunnecessaryinwork.

C.causingjobstobedulllabour.

D.decreasingworkinghours

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Specialstrengthandskillmustbeabandonedifpeoplewanttoenjoytheirwork.

B.Specialstrengthandskillarenecessaryforpeopletofindtheirworkenjoyable.

C.Specialstrengthorskillcausesworktobeboring

D.Specialstrengthorskillreducesthenumberofnecessarylabouringhours.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.enjoyingmoreleisure.

B.workingwithlabourers.

C.demandingdifficultworkforthemasses.

D.ritualizingtheirtime.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Hunting

B.Gambling

C.Foolishactsofviolence

D.Doingscientificresearch

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.信息推斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，作者在首段提出討論點(diǎn)：有多少人會和自己一樣對于成為一名工人而感到幸運(yùn)。然而，在第二段就給出了答案，大多數(shù)人并不是快樂的?！皐hichformerlywereenjoyableworkintoboringlabor,”，這句表明從前愉快的工作變成了一種無聊的勞動，對于工人來說，解決無聊的問題也是很困難的。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，勞動技術(shù)的分工所做的工作包括消除特殊技能在工作中的使用、把過去愉快的工作變成無聊的勞動、縮短工作時間。所以選項(xiàng)A并未提及，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.信息推斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句，“byeliminatinginmanyfieldstheneedforspecialstrengthorskill…formerlywereenjoyableworkintoboringlabor…”，通過消除特殊技能和力量使工作變得厭倦無聊，反過來說，需要特殊技能的工作可以使工人變得愉快。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Thelatter,forexample,ritualizedtheirtime;therewasaseasontoshootgrouse,aseasontospendintown,etc.前者提到了社會大眾，后者提到貴族來形成對比，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題?！皌hemassescannotgoinforhunting,forverysoontherewouldbenoanimalslefttohunt…driving,drug-taking,andsenselessactsofviolence.”根據(jù)第三段這句話可知，可以在危險駕駛、吸毒和暴力行為中找到和貴族類似的娛樂方式。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

6.單選題

Perhapsthemoststrikingqualityofsatiricliteratureisitsfreshness,itsoriginalityofperspective.Satirerarelyoffersoriginalideas.Instead,itpresentsthefamiliarinanewform.Satiristsdonotoffertheworldnewphilosophies.Whattheydoistolookatfamiliarconditionsformaperspectivethatmakestheseconditionsseemfoolish,harmfuloraffected.Satirejarsusoutofcomplacenceintoapleasantlyshockedrealizationthatmanyofthevaluesweunquestioninglyacceptarefalse.DonQuixotemakeschivalryseemabsurd;BraveNewWorldridiculesthepretensionsofscience;AModestproposaldramatizedstarvationbyadvocatingcannibalism.Noneoftheseideasisoriginal.ChivalrywassuspectbeforeCervantes,humanistsobjectedtotheclaimsofpuresciencebeforeAldousHuxleyandpeoplewereawareoffaminebeforeSwift.Itwasnottheoriginalityoftheideasthatmadethesesatirespopular.Itwasthemannerofexpression,thesatiricmethodthatmadetheminterestingandentertaining.Satiresarereadbecausetheyareaestheticallysatisfyingworksofart,notbecausetheyaremorallywholesomeorethicallyinstructive.Theyarestimulatingandrefreshingbecausewithcommonsensebrisknesstheybrushawayillusionsandsecondhandopinions.Withspontaneousirreverence,satirerearrangesperspectives,scramblesfamiliarobjectsintoincongruouscombinationandspeaksinapersonalidiominsteadofabstractplatitude.

Satireexistsbecausethereisneedforit.Ithaslivedbecausereadersappreciatearefreshingstimulus,anirreverentreminderthattheylivedinaworldofplatitudinousthinking,cheapmoralizing,andfoolishphilosophy.Satireservestoprodpeopleintoanawarenessoftruth,thoughrarelytoanyactiononbehalfoftruth.Satiretendstoremindpeoplethatmuchofwhattheysee,hear,andreadinpopularmediaissanctimonious,sentimental,andonlypartiallytrue.Liferesemblesinonlyaslightdegreethepopularimageofit.Soldiersrarelyholdtheidealsthatmoviesattributetothem,nordoordinarycitizensdevotetheirlivestounselfishserviceofhumanity.Intelligentpeopleknowthesethingsbuttendtoforgetthemwhentheydonothearthemexpressed.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Whichofthefollowingcanbefoundinsatireliterature?

3.Accordingtothepassage,thereisaneedforsatirebecausepeopleneedtobe（

）.

4.Asaresultofreadingsatiricliterature,readerwillbemostlikelyto（

）.

5.ThevariouspurposedofsatireincludeallofthefollowingEXCEPT（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Difficultiesofwritingsatiricliterature.

B.Populartopicsofsatire.

C.Newphilosophiesemergingfromsatiricliterature.

D.Reasonsforthepopularityofsatire.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Newlyemergingphilosophies.

B.Oddcombinationsofobjectsandideas.

C.Abstractdiscussionofmoralandethnics.

D.Wholesomecharacterswhoareunselfish.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.informedaboutnewscientificdevelopments

B.exposedtooriginalphilosophieswhentheyareformulated

C.remindedthatpopularideasareofteninaccurate

D.toldhowtheycanbeofservicetotheircommunities

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.teachthemselvestowritefiction

B.acceptconventionalpointsofview

C.becomebetterinformedaboutcurrentaffairs

D.reexaminetheiropinionsandvalues

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.introducingreaderstounfamiliarsituations

B.brushingawayillusion

C.remindingreadersofthetruth

D.exposingfalsevalues

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。文章第一段主要講諷刺文學(xué)的特點(diǎn)，諷刺作品的一些特性。第二段第一句提到了諷刺作品存在是因?yàn)槿藗儗λ行枨?。綜合理解全文，文章主要是在分析諷刺作品流行，被人廣泛地接受的原因。故正確答案選D。選項(xiàng)A、B文章沒有提及，選項(xiàng)C意思與文章第一段第四句的描述相反。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第一段第四句“Satiristsdonotoffertheworldnewphilosophies.諷刺作家沒有為世界貢獻(xiàn)新的哲學(xué)”排除A，文章第一段倒數(shù)第三句“Satiresarereadbecausetheyareaestheticallysatisfyingworksofart,notbecausetheyaremorallywholesomeorethicallyinstructive.人們讀諷刺作品是因?yàn)樵趯徝郎纤鼈兪橇钊藵M意的文學(xué)作品，而不是因?yàn)榈赖碌耐昝篮蛡惱淼恼f教”，由此可以排除C。選項(xiàng)D文章并未提及。故正確答案選B。

3.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。定位到文章第二段第二句“Ithaslivedbecausereadersappreciatearefreshingstimulus,anirreverentreminderthattheylivedinaworldofplatitudinousthinking,cheapmoralizing,andfoolishphilosophy.它的存在是因?yàn)樽x者欣賞使人耳目一新的刺激，直接向人們指出我們生活在一個思想平凡、道德廉價和哲學(xué)愚蠢的世界里”，由此可判斷，正確答案選C。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。定位到文章第一段倒數(shù)第二句“Theyarestimulatingandrefreshingbecausewithcommonsensebrisknesstheybrushawayillusionsandsecondhandopinions.Withspontaneousirreverence,satirerearrangesperspectives,...它們啟發(fā)人生，使人耳目一新是因?yàn)樗鼈冇煤喢鞯某ＷR洗刷去了幻覺和舊的常識。諷刺作品用自然的嘲諷態(tài)度重新設(shè)置了觀點(diǎn)，……”，由此可知，閱讀諷刺文學(xué)的讀者，會重新看待舊的常識和事物，重新審視自身具有的觀點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。定位到文章第一段第五句“Whattheydoistolookatfamiliarconditionsformaperspectivethatmakestheseconditionsseemfoolish,harmfuloraffected.他們所做的是采取這樣一種立場看待熟悉的環(huán)境，使得它們看上去愚蠢、有害或者造作?！笨芍x項(xiàng)A并不是諷刺文學(xué)作品寫作的目的。故正確答案選A。

7.單選題

Amanwhocannotwinhonorinhisownagewillhaveaverysmallchanceofwinningitfrom（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.posterity

B.immigrants

C.critics

D.improvisation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)posterity“子孫；后裔”；B選項(xiàng)immigrant“移民”；C選項(xiàng)critics“評論家；批評者”；D選項(xiàng)improvisation“即興創(chuàng)作；即席演奏”。句意：一個在他這個年齡不能贏得榮譽(yù)的人，從······獲得榮譽(yù)的機(jī)會很小。前半句提到“他這個年齡”，因此空格處出詞語應(yīng)與“時間、年齡相關(guān)”。綜合句意可知，A選項(xiàng)符合句意。

8.填空題

Directions:Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Thereisoneextrachoice,whichdoesnotfitinanyoftheblanks.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

IfyoushopatWestfield,you’veprobablybeenscannedandrecordedbydozensofhiddencamerasbuiltintothecenters’digitaladvertisingbillboards.Thesemi-camouflagedcamerascandeterminenotonlyyourageandgenderbutyourmood,cueinguptailoredadvertisementswithinseconds,thankstofacialdetectiontechnology.

Westfield’sSmartscreennetworkwasdevelopedbytheFrenchsoftwarefirmQuividibackin2015.(41)Andoncethebillboardshaveyourattentiontheyhitrecord,sharingyourreactionwithadvertisers.Quividisaystheirbillboardscandistinguishshoppers’genderwith90%precision,fivecategoriesofmoodfrom“veryhappytoveryunhappy”andcustomers’agewithinafive-yearbracket.

Moodisaparticularlyvaluableinsightforadvertisers,revealingshoppers’generalsentimenttowardsabrandandhowtheyfeelinparticularstoresatcertaintimesoftheday.(42)

(43)ScentreGroup,WestfieldAustralia’sparentcompany,emphasisesthatalldatacollectedisanonymousandthattheyareusingfacialdetection,notfacialrecognitiontechnology(FRT).Thismeansgenericinformationsuchasashopper’sageandgenderiscollectedratherthanthetechnologyusingphoto-matchingdatabasestoidentifywhocustomersare.AspokespersonwouldnotconfirmwhetherornotWestfieldwouldconsiderusingFRTinthefuture.

(44)Quividi’shostofinternationalclientsincludeTelstra,7-Eleven,Coca-Cola,oOHMediaandHSBCbank.

TerryHartmann,vicepresidentofCognitecAsiaPacific,thecompanythatdevelops“market-leadingfacerecognitiontechnologiesforcustomersandgovernmentagenciesaroundtheworld”,saysusingfacialdetectioncommerciallyisnodifferenttoFacebook’smanipulationofusers’onlinesearchhistoryfortargetedadvertising—“You’renotidentifyingwhothatpersonis,you’rejustidentifyingthecharacteristicsofthatperson.(45)”

A.Therearenowmorethan1,600billboardsinstalledinto41WestfieldcentersacrossAustraliaandNewZealand.

B.ButMicrosofthasacknowledgedtheconcernsaboutFRTandcalledforgreatergovernmentregulationoftheuseofthistechnology.

C.Theirdiscreetcamerascaptureblurryimagesofshoppersandapplystatisticalanalysistoidentifyaudiencedemographics.

D.That’snodifferenttoFacebookpoppingupadsyoumightbeinterestedinandsocialmediapickinguppeoplebasedontheirclickinghabitsortheshoppingthatthey’vedone.

E.Retailcompaniesareincreasinglyturningtofacialdetectionandfacialrecognitionsoftwaretoattractandengageadistractedaudience.

F.Unlikegenderandage,moodishardertodetermine,sittingataround80%accuracy.

【答案】41.C

42.F

43.A

44.E

45.D

【解析】41.第二段第一句提到了Westfield’sSmartscreennetwork，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息定位到第一段IfyoushopatWestfield,you’veprobablybeenscannedandrecordedbydozensofhiddencamerasbuiltintothecenters’digitaladvertisingbillboards.（如果你在韋斯特菲爾德購物，你可能已經(jīng)被安裝在中心的數(shù)字廣告牌上的幾十個隱藏攝像頭掃描和記錄了），其中提到了camera，所以此處會填入一個和camera有關(guān)的句子，故選擇C項(xiàng)“他們謹(jǐn)慎的相機(jī)捕捉購物者的模糊圖像，并應(yīng)用統(tǒng)計分析來確定受眾人口統(tǒng)計”。

42.第三段提到的關(guān)鍵復(fù)現(xiàn)詞是mood，所以最后一句肯定是和mood相關(guān)的，故選擇F項(xiàng)“與性別和年齡不同，情緒更難確定，準(zhǔn)確率約為80%”。

43.前面三段都在闡述韋斯特菲爾德的智能屏幕網(wǎng)絡(luò)的可用性，而下文講到了Scentre集團(tuán)不會識別顧客身份的聲明，可以推測空格處要填的句子還是以Westfield為關(guān)鍵詞，所以A項(xiàng)“目前，澳大利亞和新西蘭的41個韋斯特菲爾德中心安裝了1600多塊廣告牌”正確。

44.這一段提到了Quividi的一些客戶，而上一段提到了facialdetection和facialrecognition，所以這一段的開頭應(yīng)該是講零售商開始使用這些軟件，故選擇E項(xiàng)“零售公司正越來越多地轉(zhuǎn)向面部檢測和面部識別軟件，以吸引注意力分散的受眾”。

45.根據(jù)空格前提到的usingfacialdetectioncommerciallyisnodifferenttoFacebook’smanipulationofusers’onlinesearchhistoryfortargetedadvertising（將面部識別用于商業(yè)用途，與Facebook為定向廣告而操縱用戶在線搜索歷史沒有什么不同）可知，后面會提到與Facebook的區(qū)別，所以D項(xiàng)“這和Facebook會彈出你可能感興趣的廣告，社交媒體會根據(jù)人們的點(diǎn)擊習(xí)慣或購物習(xí)慣來挑選他們沒有什么不同”正確。

9.翻譯題

從我1992年第一次到中國訪問至今，中國經(jīng)歷了巨大的變化。中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和開放可以被視為20世紀(jì)末至21世紀(jì)初最令人激動和振奮的事。在這期間，中國接受了與其自身經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r相適應(yīng)的條件后成功地加入了世界貿(mào)易組織，并根據(jù)入世協(xié)議的規(guī)定逐步地開放市場。家樂福集團(tuán)曾一直在歐盟內(nèi)堅決支持中國加入世界貿(mào)易組織。中國不僅已成為跨國公司全球業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展的重要組成部分，而且越來越成為眾多國際性大企業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展的首選。中國正在逐步發(fā)展成為新的世界制造業(yè)基地。同時中國也迅速地由一個潛在的巨大消費(fèi)市場變成一個真正的快速發(fā)展的大市場。隨著中國制造業(yè)領(lǐng)域成功地引進(jìn)大量外資，如何進(jìn)一步開放和發(fā)展服務(wù)業(yè)，以配合經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，特別是充分滿足收入日益增長的廣大消費(fèi)者和多樣化的世界消費(fèi)市場的需要，已成為確保中國經(jīng)濟(jì)能夠保持持續(xù)快速穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵。不僅如此，面對農(nóng)業(yè)規(guī)?；图s化的不斷發(fā)展以及人口增長所帶來的巨大就業(yè)壓力，如何促進(jìn)服務(wù)業(yè)的發(fā)展，正成為中國政府制定和實(shí)施宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的一個重要課題。

【答案】SinceIfirstvisitedtoChinain1992,greatchangeshavetakenplacehere.SinceChinaadoptedthereformandopeninguppolicyin1978,theinternationalcommunitywitnessedChineseeconomicgrowthwhichhasbeenrecognizedasthemostinspiringmatterfromtheendof20thcenturytotheearlyof21stcentury.Boostingeconomicgrowthonbasisofitsnationalconditions,ChinawasentitledtoenterintotheWorldTradeOrganization，andgraduallyopeneditsmarketsunderChina'saccessionagreementwiththeWTO.CarrefourhasalwaysbeensupportingChinatojoinWTO.Nowmoreandmoremulti-nationalenterprisesdescribeChinaasapriorityintheirforeigninvestmentpolicies.SoChinawillemergeasnewmanufacturingbaseintheworldandisundergoingthetransformationfromtremendouslypotentialconsumermarketintorapidlygrown,bigone.Asmanufacturingindustrysuccessfullyattractedalargenumberofforeigncapital,ithasbecomethecrucialfactorforChinatomaintainsustained,rapidandhealthyeconomicgrowthbyacceleratingserviceindustrydevelopment,whichwillkeepupwiththerateofeconomicgrowth,particularlywhichwillmeetthepeople’smultifariousmaterialandculturalneedsanddemandsofdiversifiedworld’sconsumermarket.Atthesametime,whileformulatingandimplementingmacroeconomicpolicy,Chinesegovernmentmusttakeintoconsiderationthemajorissuehowtopromoteservicesindustryadvancementinfaceofhugepressurefromexpansionofscaleandintensificationofagricultureaswellasoverpopulation.

10.問答題

Thegardenistoosmallforaswimmingpool,(room)

【答案】Thereisnoroomforaswimmingpoolinthegarden.

11.單選題

（）iscallederosion.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thewearingawayofland

B.Whenlandwearsaway

C.Landwhichwearsaway

D.Wearingawayland

【答案】A

【解析】考查非謂語動詞辨析。非謂語動詞有三種形式，不定式，動名詞以及過去分詞。根據(jù)語法結(jié)構(gòu)，可排除B、C選項(xiàng)。句意：……叫作侵蝕。結(jié)合句意，A選項(xiàng)Thewearingawayofland“土地的磨損”符合句意。因此答案為A選項(xiàng)。

12.單選題

Experimentsinthephotographyofmovingobjects________inboththeUnitedStatesandEuropewellbefore1990.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.havebeenconducting

B.wereconducting

C.hadbeenconducted

D.areconducted

【答案】C

【解析】考查時態(tài)。A是過去完成進(jìn)行時，表示從過去某一時間開始，并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作；B是過去進(jìn)行時，表示過去正在發(fā)生的動作；C是過去完成時，表示從過去的時間某動作已完成；D是一般現(xiàn)在時，表示現(xiàn)在的動作。句意：早在1990年，美國和歐洲都已經(jīng)做過了對移動物體攝影的實(shí)驗(yàn)。1990是一個過去的時間，句子中有個wellbefore，所以可知做物體移動的攝影實(shí)驗(yàn)是在1990年之前就完成了，是一個在過去就已經(jīng)完成的動作，因此答案選C。

13.寫作題

Differentfromtheblindoptimismintheachievementsofmodernsciencethroughoutthe20thcentury,moreandmorepeoplearebeginningtorealizethedestructiveeffectsofscientificprogressuponhumansociety.Manyevenbelievethatwhateverbenefitssciencebringstohumanity,itwillalsobringaboutthemostinhumanviolencetoanimalsandeveryimaginablesortofhorriblemeddlingwithhumanlife.Nowyouaresupposedtowriteanessayinnofewerthan300wordstoshowwhetheryouagreewithsuchabelief.Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organizationgrammarandappropriateness.

【答案】【參考范文】

Throughoutthecenturiestothehistoryofscientificdevelopment,