考研考博-英語-云南師范大學文理學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-云南師范大學文理學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Cripplinghealthcarebills,longemergency-roomwaitsandtheinabilitytofindaprimarycarephysicianjustscratchthesurfaceoftheproblemsthatpatientsfacedally.

Primarycareshouldbethebackboneofanyhealthcaresystem.Countrieswithappropriateprimarycareresourcesscorehighlywhenitcomestohealthoutcomesandcost.TheUStakestheoppositeapproachbyemphasizingthespecialistratherthantheprimarycarephysician.

ArecentstudyanalyzedtheproviderswhotreatMedicarebeneficiaries.ThestartingfindingwasthattheaverageMedicarepatientsawatotalofsevendoctors—twoprimarycarephysiciansandfivespecialists—inagivenyear.Contrarytopopularbelief,themorephysicianstakingcareofyoudoesn’tguaranteebettercare.Actually,increasingfragmentationofcareresultsinacorrespondingriseincostandmedicalerrors.

Howdidweletprimarycareslipsofar?Thekeyishowdoctorsarepaid.Mostphysiciansarepaidwhenevertheyperformamedicalservice.Themoreaphysiciandoes,regardlessofqualityoroutcome,thebetterhe’sreimbursed.Moreover,theamountaphysicianreceivesleansheavilytowardmedicalorsurgicalprocedures.Aspecialistwhoperformsaprocedureina30minutevisitcanbepaidthreetimesmorethanaprimarycarephysicianusingthatsame30minutestodiscussapatient’sdisease.Combinethisfactwithannualgovernmentthreatstoindiscriminatelycutreimbursements;physiciansarefacedwithnochoicebuttoincreasequantitytoboostincome.

Primarycarephysicianswhorefusetocompromisequalityareeitherdrivenoutofbusinessortocash-onlypractices,furthercontributingtothedeclineofprimarycare.

Medicalstudentsaren’tblindtothisscenario.Theyseehowheavilythereimbursementdeckisstackedagainstprimarycare.Therecentnumbersshowthatsince1997,newlygraduatedUSmedicalstudentswhochooseprimarycareasacareerhavedeclinedby50%.Thisresultsinemergencyroomsbeingoverwhelmedwithpatientswithoutregulardoctors.

Howdowefixthisproblem?

Itstartswithreformingthephysicianreimbursementsystem.Removethepressureforprimarycarephysicianstosqueezeinmorepatientsperhour,andrewardthemforoptimallymanagingtheirdiseasesandpracticingevidence-basedmedicine.Makeprimarycaremoreattractivetomedicalstudentsbyforgivingstudentloansforthosewhochooseprimarycareasacareerandreconcilingthemarkeddifferencebetweenspecialistandprimarycarephysiciansalaries.

We’reatapointwhereprimarycareisneededmorethanever.Withinafewyears,thefirstwaveofthe76millionBabyBoomerswillbecomeeligibleforMedicare.Patientsolderthan85,whoneedchroniccaremost,willriseby50%thisdecade.

Whowillbetheretotreatthem?

1.Theauthor’schiefconcernaboutthecurrentUShealthcareis（）.

2.Welearnfromthepassagethatpeopletendtobelievethatsystemis（）

3.Facedwiththegovernmentthreatstocutreimbursementsindiscriminately,primarycarephysicianshaveto（）.

4.Whydomanynewmedicalgraduatesrefusetochooseprimarycareastheircareer?

5.Whatsuggestiondoestheauthorgiveinordertoprovidebetterhealthcare?

問題1選項

A.theinadequatetrainingofphysicians

B.thedecliningnumberofdoctors

C.theshrinkingprimarycareresources

D.theever-risinghealthcarecost

問題2選項

A.themorecostlythemedicine,themoreeffectivethecure.

B.seeingmoredoctorsmayresultinmorediagnosticerrors.

C.visitingdoctorsonaregularbasisensuresgoodhealth.

D.themoredoctorstakingcareofapatient,thebetter.

問題3選項

A.increasetheirincomebyworkingovertime

B.improvetheirexpertiseandservice

C.makevariousdealswithspecialists

D.seemorepatientsattheexpenseofquality

問題4選項

A.Theyfindtheneedforprimarycaredeclining.

B.Thecurrentsystemworksagainstprimarycare.

C.Primarycarephysicianscommandlessrespect.

D.Theythinkworkinginemergencyroomstedious.

問題5選項

A.Bridgethesalarygapbetweenspecialistsandprimarycarephysicians.

B.Extendprimarycaretopatientswithchronicdiseases.

C.Recruitmoremedicalstudentsbyofferingthemloans.

D.Reducethetuitionofstudentswhochooseprimarycareastheirmajor.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Primarycareshouldbethebackboneofanyhealthcaresystem…TheUStakestheoppositeapproachbyemphasizingthespecialistratherthantheprimarycarephysician.”，可知初級護理應是任何衛(wèi)生護理系統(tǒng)的支柱，但是美國強調(diào)專科醫(yī)生而不是初級護理醫(yī)生。文章在一二段就提出了整篇文章討論的問題：美國對初級護理醫(yī)生的忽視。下文對這個問題進行進一步的討論并提出了一系列解決措施?？膳袛喑鲎髡邔Ξ斍懊绹t(yī)療護理系統(tǒng)的主要擔憂是初級護理資源的減少。選項C符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“themorephysicianstakingcareofyoudoesn’tguaranteebettercare.Actually,increasingfragmentationofcareresultsinacorrespondingriseincostandmedicalerrors.”，更多的醫(yī)生照顧你并不能保證更好的治療。實際上，日益分散的醫(yī)療服務會導致相應的成本上升和醫(yī)療差錯?？膳袛喑鋈藗兤毡橄嘈诺挠^點是：一個病人受到越多的醫(yī)生照料就越好。選項D符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Combinethisfactwithannualgovernmentthreatstoindiscriminatelycutreimbursements;physiciansarefacedwithnochoicebuttoincreasequantitytoboostincome.”，政府不加區(qū)別地削減補償，醫(yī)生們別無選擇，只能通過增加服務數(shù)量來增加收入?？膳袛喑雒鎸φ患訁^(qū)別地削減補償?shù)耐{，初級護理醫(yī)生選擇照顧更多的病人，提高看病數(shù)量來增加收入。選項D符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第六段，“Theyseehowheavilythereimbursementdeckisstackedagainstprimarycare.Therecentnumbersshowthatsince1997,newlygraduatedUSmedicalstudentswhochooseprimarycareasacareerhavedeclinedby50%.”，他們看到補償機制在很大程度上不利于初級護理。最近的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，自1997年以來，選擇初級護理作為職業(yè)的美國醫(yī)科大學應屆畢業(yè)生減少了50%?？膳袛喑鲈S多剛畢業(yè)的醫(yī)學專業(yè)學生拒絕選擇初級護理作為他們的職業(yè)的原因在于目前的制度不利于初級護理職業(yè)。選項B符合題意。

5.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第八段，“Makeprimarycaremoreattractivetomedicalstudentsbyforgivingstudentloansforthosewhochooseprimarycareasacareerandreconcilingthemarkeddifferencebetweenspecialistandprimarycarephysiciansalaries.”，通過免除選擇初級護理作為職業(yè)的學生的學業(yè)貸款，并縮小專科醫(yī)生和初級護理醫(yī)生工資之間的顯著差異，使初級護理行業(yè)對醫(yī)科學生更具吸引力。可判斷出縮小?？漆t(yī)生和初級護理醫(yī)生之間的工資差距是作者提出的建議之一。選項A符合題意。

2.單選題

Ifacountrywantstodevelopitseconomysuccessfully,therehastobeaclear_______ofitssocialneeds.

問題1選項

A.assessment

B.assumption

C.assurance

D.appreciation

【答案】A

【解析】assessment評定,估價;assumption設想,假定;assurance確信,保證;appreciation欣賞,鑒別,感激。句意：一個國家要想成功地發(fā)展經(jīng)濟,就必須對其社會需求進行明確的評估。選項A符合句意。

3.單選題

Hewouldhavefinishedhiscollegeeducation,buthe（

）toquitandfindajobtosupporthisfamily.

問題1選項

A.hadhad

B.has

C.had

D.wouldhave

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他本來會完成自己的大學教育，但是他卻不得不放棄，然后找一份工作來養(yǎng)家。

語法題考查一般過去吋態(tài)。由句中關鍵詞“wouldhavefinished本來會完成”表示對過去事情的假設,因此這里表示對過去情況的描述，故C項“had（其為動詞have的過去時態(tài)）”正確。

4.單選題

Theboydivedintothewaterandafter（

）seemedtobealongtime,hecameupagain.

問題1選項

A.what

B.that

C.it

D.which

【答案】A

【解析】考查賓語從句的用法。After后面部分有單獨的謂語部分seemed，因此after后面接賓語從句，從句中缺少主語成分。四個選項中只有A選項what可在賓語從句中充當主語成分。

5.單選題

Manyinnovativebreakthroughscomeaboutwhenpeopleventurebeyondtheirownareasofexpertise,becauseoftenittakesanoutsidertoaskthenaivequestionthatmayyield_______solution.

問題1選項

A.aconstructive

B.anunconventional

C.anagreeable

D.apractical

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項constructive“有建設性的”；B選項unconventional“非傳統(tǒng)的；不依慣例的”；C選項agreeable“愉悅的；欣然同意的；可以接受的”；D選項practical“實際的；實用的”。句意：當人們在自己的專業(yè)領域之外冒險時，許多創(chuàng)新的突破會出現(xiàn)，因為通常需要一個局外人來問一個天真的問題，而這問題可能產(chǎn)生_______解決方案。根據(jù)語境，這里指新人會問聽起來很外行的問題，但就是這種問題引出解決方案，新人問的問題通常unconventional“非傳統(tǒng)的；不依慣例的”。因此B選項正確。

6.單選題

Whenproductsmadeinfactories（）,theyarethrownawayasgarbage.

問題1選項

A.cometoanend

B.areputtouse

C.areusedup

D.wearout

【答案】D

【解析】考查短語辨析。A選項cometoanend“結(jié)束”；B選項areputtouse“使用，利用”；C選項areusedup“用完，用盡”；D選項wearout“磨損，耗盡，穿破”。句意：當工廠生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品用壞了，就會作為垃圾扔掉。選項D最符合語境。

7.單選題

Apartfromaninteresting-lookingcarveddagger,heboxwasfullofcrockery,muchofit（）.

問題1選項

A.break

B.tobreak

C.breaking

D.broken

【答案】D

【解析】句意：除了一柄式樣別致、雕有花紋的匕首外,貨箱內(nèi)裝滿陶器,而且大部分都已破碎。分詞作狀語,花瓶應該是被打碎的,所以用broken。

8.翻譯題

Whatisthebestexercisetocontrolhighbloodpressure?Takeyourpick,asthebestexercisetocontrolhighbloodpressureseemstobevirtuallyanyexercise,likewalkingorcyclingorlightweighttraining,especiallyifyourworkoutsarespreadthroughouttheday.

“Evenstandingmightwork,”saysGlennGaesser,thedirectoroftheHealthyLifestylesResearchCenteratArizonaStateUniversityandanexpertonexerciseandhypertension.Exerciselowersbloodpressureinlargepartbyalteringbloodvesselstiffnesssobloodflowsmorefreely.Thiseffectoccursduringandimmediatelyafteraworkout,sotheblood-pressurebenefitsfromexercisearemostpronouncedrightafter,youworkout.Asaresult,thebestwaytofighthypertensionmaybetodivvyupyourworkoutintobite-sizepieces.

Ina2012studybyDr.Gaesser,three10-minutewalksspreadthroughoutthedaywerebetteratpreventingsubsequentspikesinbloodpressure—whichcanindicateworseningbloodpressurecontrol—thanone30-minutewalk.Andifevena10-minutewalksoundsdaunting,trystandingmoreoften.InanotherstudyledbyDr.GaesserandpublishedinAugust,overweightvolunteerswithbloodpressureproblemswereaskedtositcontinuouslyduringaneight-hourworkdaywhiletheirbloodpressurewasmonitored.Thereadingswere,asexpected,unhealthy.

Butwhen,duringanotherworkday,thosevolunteersstoodupeveryhourforatleast10minutes,theirbloodpressurereadingsimprovedsubstantially.Thereadingswereevenbetterwhen,onadditionalworkdays,thevolunteersstrolledatapokey1-mile-per-hourpaceattreadmilldesksforatleast10minuteseveryhourorpedaledunder-deskexercisebikesforthesamenumberofminuteseveryhour.

“Exerciseintensitydoesnotappeartoplayanysignificantrole”inhelpingpeoplecontrolbloodpressure,Dr.Gaessersays.Movementiswhatmatters.Sogoforastrollafewtimesduringthedayorsimplystandupmoreoftentodevelophealthierbloodpressure.

【答案】【參考譯文】

控制血壓的最佳鍛煉方式是什么？任何鍛煉都好，幾乎所有運動對控制血壓都非常有效，比如步行、騎車或是輕的負重練習，全天式的鍛煉會讓減壓效果更好。

亞利桑那州立大學健康生活方式研究中心的主任格林?蓋瑟爾是位鍛煉與高血壓方面的專家，他認為“哪怕站著也會有幫助。”鍛煉降低血壓的原因，主要是因為運動可以改善血管硬度使得血流更加通暢。這樣的效果在鍛煉中和鍛煉后都會馬上顯現(xiàn)，因而在剛剛運動完其降壓效果尤其明顯。結(jié)論就是最好的對抗高血壓的方式，是類似少食多餐那樣進行少量多次的運動。

在蓋瑟爾2012年發(fā)表的一篇報告中，他建議將一天運動量均分為3個時長為10分鐘的步行，這樣比一次步行30分鐘相比可以更好預防血壓出現(xiàn)峰值，血壓峰值出現(xiàn)往往意味著控壓惡化。甚至說如果10分鐘步行聽著都有些嚇人的話，那就多站站。蓋瑟爾博士主導過另一項研究并將成果于8月出版，研究要求一些超重并有高血壓問題的志愿者在8小時的工作日里一直坐在座位上，同時監(jiān)測其血壓，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)血壓讀數(shù)如預料的一樣非常不健康。

但在另一個工作日，當要求這些志愿者每小時至少站立10分鐘后，他們的血壓讀數(shù)顯著改善。接著在另外一個工作日，這些志愿者需要每小時用帶跑步機的書桌慢速走10分鐘（配速為每小時1英里/1.6公里），或者用桌下型蹬車器每小時練習10分鐘，鍛煉后的血壓讀數(shù)改善得更為顯著。

蓋瑟爾博士稱就輔助人們控制血壓方面來說，“鍛煉強度起不到什么作用?！边\動起來才是關鍵。所以每天多走幾步或多站幾次來打造健康血壓吧。

9.單選題

Hewasalwaysdecliningtheirinvitationsonthe（）ofillhealth.

問題1選項

A.grounds

B.reason

C.excuse

D.cause

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短語搭配。根據(jù)題干可知考查onthegroundof“以……為理由，根據(jù)”。句意：他總是以身體不好為由拒絕他們的邀請。因此A選項正確。

10.單選題

Themulti-billion-dollarWesternpopmusicindustiyisunderfire.ItisbeingblamedbytheUnitedNationsforthedramaticriseindrugabuseworldwide.“Themostworrisomedevelopmentisacultureofdrug-friendlinessthatseemstobegainingprominence，”saidtheUN’s13-memberInternationalNarcoticsControlBoardinareportreleasedinlateFebruary1998.

The74studysaysthatpopmusic,asaglobalindustry,isbyfarthemostinfluentialtrend-setterforyoungpeopleofmostcultures.“Somelyricsadvocatethesmokingofmarijuana(大麻)ortakingotherdrugs,andcertainpopstarsmakestatementsandsetexamplesasiftheuseofdrugsfornon-medicinalpurposeswereanormalandacceptablepartofaperson'slifestyle,”thestudysays.

Surprisingly,saystheBoard,theeffectofdrug-friendlypopmusicseemstosurvivedespitetheoccasionalshockofdeathbyoverdose.“Suchincidentstendtobeseenasanoccasiontomournthelossofarolemodel,andnotanopportunitytoconfrontthedeadlyeffectof‘recreational’druguse，”itnotes.Sincethe1970s,severalinternationallyfamoussingersandmoviestars—includingElivisPresley,JaniceJoplin,JohnBelushi,JimiHendrix,JonathanMelvinandAndyGibbs-havediedofeitherdrugabuseordrugrelatedillnesses.Withtheglobalizationofpopularmusic,messagestoleratingorpromotingdrugabusearenowreachingbeyondtheircountriesoforigin.“Inmostcountries,thenamesofcertainpopstarshavebecomefamiliartothemembersofeveryhousehold,”thestudysays.

TheUNstudyalsoblamesthemediaforitsdescriptionofcertaindrugissues-especiallytheuseofmarijuanaandissuesofliberalizationandlegalization,whichencourages,ratherthanprevents,drugabuse.“Overthelastyears,wehaveseenhowdrugabuseisincreasinglyregardedasbeingacceptableorevenattractive,”saysHamidGhodse,presidentoftheBoard.“Powerfulpressuregroupsrunpoliticalcampaignsaimedatlegalizingcontrolleddrugs，”hesays.Ghodsealsopointsoutthatallthesedevelopmentshavecreatedanenvironmentwhichistolerantoforevenfavorabletodrugabuseandspoilsinternationaldrugpreventioneffortscurrentlyunderway.

Thepresentstudy,hesays,focusesontheissueofdemandreductionandpreventionwithinanenvironmentthathasbecometolerantofdrugabuse.TheBoardcallsongovernmentstodotheirlegalandmoralduties,andtoactagainstthepro-drugmessagesoftheyouthculturetowhichyoungpeopleincreasinglyarebeingexposed.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoestheauthortendtoagreewith?

2.Theitalicizedphrase“underfire(Par.1,sentence1)means（

）.

3.Undertheinfluenceofdrug-friendlypopmusic,whatmighttheyouththinkofthedeathofsomepopstarscausedbyoverdose?

4.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthepassageasafactorthathascontributedtocreatinganenvironmenttolerantoforevenfavorabletodrugabuse?

5.Thepopmusic（

）.

問題1選項

A.Theuseofdrugsfornon-medicinalpurposesisanacceptablepartofaperson'slifestyle.

B.Thespreadingofpopmusicmaycausethedrugabusetogobeyondtheboundariesofthecountry.

C.Noeffortshavebeenmadetopreventthespreadingofdrugabuse.

D.Thegovernmentshavenoabilitytoactagainstthepro-drugmessagesoftheyouthculture.

問題2選項

A.inanurgentsituation

B.facingsomeproblems

C.beingcriticized

D.quitepopularm

問題3選項

A.Theytendtomournthepopstarsasrolemodels.

B.Theyareshockedtoknowevenpopstarsmayabusedrugs.

C.Theytrytoconfrontthedeadlyeffectof“recreational”druguse.

D.Theymaystopabusingthedrugs.

問題4選項

A.Thespreadingofpopmusic.

B.Themedia.

C.Thelowpriceofsomedrugs.

D.Politicalcampaignsrunbypowerfulpressuregroups.

問題5選項

A.hasagreatinfluenceonyoungpeopleofmostcultures

B.onlyappealstoasmallnumberofyoungpeople.

C.isnotaprofitableindustry.

D.istheonlyculpritresponsiblefordrugabuse.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)題。第三段：...messagestoleratingorpromotingdrugabusearenowreachingbeyondtheircountriesoforigin容忍或推動吸毒的資訊也超出了原來的國界。故選C(沒有采取措施防止藥物濫用的蔓延)。

2.語義題。此句后面緊接著說:ItisbeingblamedbytheUnitedNations(受到聯(lián)合國的譴責),由此推測underfire意為“受到嚴厲批評，遭到攻擊”。

3.細節(jié)題。第三段：Suchincidentstendtobeseenasanoccasiontomournthelossofarolemodel,andnotanopportunitytoconfrontthedeadlyeffectof‘recreational’druguse(這類事件往往只讓人哀悼失去榜樣，而不讓人正視“娛樂性”吸毒的致命后果)。故選A。

4.細節(jié)題。題干問的是:下列哪個選項不是有助于創(chuàng)造一個包容的甚至有利于藥物濫用的環(huán)境的因素？A項(流行音樂的傳播)顯然是原因之一。第四段：TheUNstudyalsoblamesthemediaforitsdescriptionofcertaindrug：聯(lián)合國的研究也譴責媒體對流行音樂圈藥物濫用現(xiàn)象過多報道，B正確。第四段：...Powerfulpressuregroupsrunpoliticalcampaignsaimedatlegalizingcontrolleddrugs：許多有實力的集團開始發(fā)起政治運動，來使得被控制的藥品合法化。D正確。只有C項未被提及。

5.細節(jié)題。第二段：...popmusic,asaglobalindustry,isbyfarthemostinfluentialtrend-setterforyoungpeopleofmostcultures(作為全球性產(chǎn)業(yè)，流行音樂是大部分青年文化局潮流具影響力的引導者),故A正確。

11.單選題

Thetelevision（）

betweenthetwocandidateswillbeheldonSunday.

問題1選項

A.argument

B.debate

C.discussion

D.dispute

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。argument“論證，論據(jù)”；debate“辯論，爭論”；discussion“討論”；dispute“爭吵”。句意：兩位候選人的電視辯論將在周日舉行。選項B符合題意。

12.填空題

Personsinresponsiblepositionsmaybeabductedorassassinatedonthegroundsthattheyare“representatives”ofsomeinstitutionorsystemwhichtheirassailantsareopposed.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Dwhich改為towhich

【解析】【考查點】定語從句。

【解題思路】D部分到句尾是修飾someinstitutionorsystem的定語從句，beopposedto為固定搭配，意思為“反對……”，介詞to置于引導詞which前。

【句意】負責人可能被綁架或暗殺，其原因是他們是攻擊者所反對的某些機構或制度的“代表”。

13.單選題

（）ifheiswillingtofitinwiththeplansofthegroup.

問題1選項

A.Thereisnoobjectiontohimjoiningtheparty

B.Thereisnoobjectiononhimjoiningtheparty

C.Thereisnoobjectiontohisjoiningtheparty

D.Noobjectionwillberaiseduponhimjoiningtheparty

【答案】C

【解析】考查動名詞復合結(jié)構。此處的to是介詞，join加ing變成動名詞。形容詞性物主代詞相當于形容詞，后面一般要接名詞，不接動詞，但可以接動名詞，構成動名詞復合結(jié)構，格式為：形容詞性物主代詞+動名詞，此處的形容詞性物主代詞為動名詞的邏輯主語。C選項his為形容詞性物主代詞，也是joining的邏輯主語，因此C選項正確。

14.單選題

I've（）mytrustIshouldn'thavebelievedinhimsomuch.

問題1選項

A.misplaced

B.mislaid

C.displaced

D.misappropriated

【答案】A

【解析】misplaced錯放,把（感情等）寄托于不值得寄托對象；mislaid放錯,把...放在記不起來的地方,遺失；displaced取代；misappropriated侵占,濫用,盜用。句意：我錯把信任放在他身上,不應該那么相信他。選項A符合句意。

15.翻譯題

我們的大多數(shù)感覺都是被動式的。以聽覺和視覺為例，我們只是簡單地接受和分析聲音或光線。然而，觸覺則有所不同：我們用雙手主動地去探索和改變現(xiàn)實，因此我們在采集信息時的活動同樣也可以改變世界…例如用一塊粘土塑模或按動某個按鈕。在提供人與人之間的直接接觸中，觸覺傳遞情感沖擊；在提供人與世界的直接接觸中，觸覺成為現(xiàn)實的確切標志，正如：“掐我一下我是在做夢嗎？”

【答案】Mostoursensesarepassive.Takinghearingandvisionasanexample,weonlysimplyreceiveandanalyzethesoundandlight.Touch,however,isdifferent.Weexploreandchangerealitywithourhandsvoluntarilyandthereforewecanalsochangetheworldwhilecollectinginformation,suchasmakingamodelwithclayorpressingabutton.Asameansofdirectcontactbetweenpeople,touchtransmitsemotionaleffect;inthedirectcontactbetweenmanandtheworld,touchbecomesasignofreality,suchas“pleasepinchme,amIdreaming?”

16.單選題

Sheoughttostopwork;shehasaheadachebecauseshe______toolong.

問題1選項

A.hasbeenreading

B.hadread

C.isreading

D.read

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：她應該停止工作；她因為看書太久而頭痛。現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示動作從某一時間開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能仍然要繼續(xù)下去，或者剛剛終止。根據(jù)前半句她應該停止工作可知看書的動作從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能要繼續(xù)下去，確定用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，A選項hasbeenreading符合題意。B選項hadread是過去完成時，動作發(fā)生在過去的過去，側(cè)重事情的結(jié)果；C選項isreading是正在進行時，動作正在發(fā)生；D選項read是一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時。因此A選項正確。

17.單選題

Hecarriedtheparcelhomehimself,buthe（）so,theshopcouldhavesentit.

問題1選項

A.didnotneedtodo

B.needn’thavedone

C.mustnothavedone

D.couldn’thavedone

【答案】B

【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞辨析。A選項didnotneedtodo“（過去）沒必要/不需要做這事”，B選項needn'thavedone，need情態(tài)動詞就完成時表示“本來無必要做這事（卻做了）”，C選項mustnothavedone“禁止這樣做”；mustnot表示禁止，語氣強硬，一般情況下后面不跟動詞的完成時態(tài)，D選項couldn’thavedone“不能做這事(但做了)，”句意：他自己把包裹帶回家，但他_______，商店可以把包裹寄給他。句子表達的意思是商店可以把包裹寄給他，所以他過去沒必要自己搬回包裹，表示過去沒必要做，但是做了的事情，所以本題的正確答案是B選項。

18.單選題

Inresponsetothesignals,therobotarmsmakescribblesonwhitecanvaswiththreecoloredmarkersattachedtotheendofthearms.

問題1選項

A.images

B.scripts

C.scratches

D.characters

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項images“圖像；影像；肖像”；B選項scripts“原稿”；C選項scratches“刮傷；刮花”；D選項characters“特性；人物角色”。句意：作為對信號的回應，機器人手臂會在白色畫布上涂鴉，手臂末端有三個彩色標記。結(jié)合此處關鍵詞markers“記號”，得知B選項正確。

19.翻譯題

如果想給別人留下良好的形象，你首先得樹立良好的自我形象。一個具有失敗者形象的人永遠無法在別人面前樹立成功者的形象。從古至今，一些偉大的哲人都說過：你自認為是什么樣的人就是什么樣的人。既然我們都可以選擇如何想象自己，我們就應該盡力往積極、良好的方面去想。

【答案】Ifyouwantawinningimagewithothers,yourfirstconcernmustbeawinningself-image.Theindividualwhohasalosingself-imagewillneverbeabletoprojectawinningimagetoothers.Throughouttheages,greatphilosophershavestated,“Youarewhatyouthinkyouare.”Sincewecanallchoosehowwewanttothinkourselves,weshouldtrytohavepositive,winningthoughts.

20.翻譯題

Readingisnotsimplyanintellectualpursuitbutanemotionalandspiritualone.Itlightsthecandleinthehurricanelampofself;that’swhyitsurvives.TherearebookclubsandbookWebsitesandbooksontapeandbookonline.Therearestillmillionsofpeoplewholikethepaperversion,atleastfornow.Andi￡thatchanges-well,whatisabook,really?Isititsbody,oritssoul?(10%)

Nomatterwhereintheworldyouliveorwhatsectoryouareinvolvedin,youhavetotakeintoaccountChina’srise.ChinacontinuestoinvestandbuythingsabroadinitsdrivetosecureaccesstonaturalresourcesinplaceslikeAfghanistanandAustraliaandtoexertpower.True,Chinahasfartoomanypoorpeople,anditshealthcareandsocialsecuritysystemsstilllagbehinddozensofcountries.ManyanalystspointtoitspovertyandalackofmilitarypresenceindifferenthemispheresreadytostrikeatwilltoarguefoolishlythatChinaisinfactaweaknationconcernedwiththepotentialcollapseofitspoliticalandeconomicsystems.

【答案】閱讀不僅僅是一種簡單的知識性的追求，而是一種情感和精神的追求。它點燃了人們心中的颶風燈，這個就是閱讀一直存在人們心中的原因。有圖書俱樂部、讀書網(wǎng)站、讀書磁帶、在線圖書。至少在現(xiàn)在，仍然有上百萬人喜歡紙質(zhì)的書。如果事情發(fā)生了變化，那么究竟什么是一本書呢？是書的軀體還是它的靈魂。

無論你住在世界的哪個地方，或者你進入到了哪個領域，你都必須考慮到中國的崛起。中國不斷在海外投資和采購，在阿富汗、澳大利亞等國家獲得資源以發(fā)揮更大的影響力。實際上，中國還有很多貧困人口，并且中國的醫(yī)療保障和社會保障體系仍然落后于許多國家。許多分析家指出，中國的貧窮以及軍事力量的匱乏，在不同地區(qū)可隨時受到打擊，因此愚蠢地認為，中國實際上是一個脆弱的國家，擔心它的政治和經(jīng)濟體系的崩潰。

21.單選題

HispresidentialaddressinNewYork（

）ontheimportanceofcommunicationbetweenscienceandindustry.

問題1選項

A.bore

B.spoke

C.dwelt

D.threw

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。speakon“涉及”；dwellon“詳述，細想”；throwon“匆匆穿上”。句意：他在紐約的總統(tǒng)演說詳細講述了科學與工業(yè)交流的重要性。選項C符合題意。

22.單選題

Theresidents,（

）hadbeendamagedbytheflood,weregivenhelpbytheRedCross.

問題1選項

A.alltheirhomes

B.allwhosehomes

C.allofwhosehomes

D.alloftheirhomes

【答案】C

【解析】考查非限制定語從句。本句的主干為TheresidentsweregivenhelpbytheRedCross.“_______hadbeendamagedbytheflood”前后有逗號，為非限制性定語從句，先行詞theresidents與home之間是所屬關系，故用關系代詞whose，whosehomes作為一個整體充當介詞of的賓語。句意：所有房屋都被洪水破壞的居民得到了紅十字會的幫助。

23.單選題

Amongthemostpopularbooksbeingwrittentodayarethosewhichareusuallyclassifiedassciencefiction.Hundredsof（1）arepublishedeveryyearandarereadbyallkindsofpeople.（2）,someofthemostsuccessfulfilmsofrecentyearshavebeen（3）onsciencefictionstories.

Itisoftenthoughtthatsciencefictionisa（4）newdevelopmentinliterature,

（5）itsancestorscanbefoundinbookwrittenhundredsofyearsago.Thesebooksoften（6）thepresentationofsomeformof（7）society,athemewhichis

（8）oftenfoundinmodernstories.

Mostoftheclassicsofsciencefiction,（9）,havebeenwrittenwithinthelastonehundredyears.Books（10）writers,suchasJulesVemeandH.G.Wells,to（11）justtwowell-knownauthors,havebeentranslationintomanylanguages.

（12）sciencefictionwritersdon’twriteaboutmenfromMarsorSpaceadventurestories.Theyare（13）interestedinpredictingtheeffectoftechnicalprogress（14）societyandthehumanmind,orin（15）futureworldswhicharea（16）oftheworld（17）weliveinnow.（18）ofthis,theirwritinghasobviouspoliticalundertones(含蓄).Inanagewhenscientificfactfrequently（19）sciencefiction,thewritersmayfind（20）difficulttokeepaheadofscientificadvances.

問題1選項

A.styles

B.titles

C.subjects

D.topics

問題2選項

A.Furthermore

B.Otherwise

C.Anyway

D.Evidently

問題3選項

A.relied

B.depended

C.based

D.focused

問題4選項

A.as

B.when

C.so

D.fairly

問題5選項