考研考博-英語-內(nèi)蒙古商貿(mào)職業(yè)學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-內(nèi)蒙古商貿(mào)職業(yè)學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.不定項選擇題

PerhapstherealvirtueoftheUglyRipe’s“ugliness,”whichisnothingcomparedwiththedeformedbeautyoftrueheirloomtomatoes,isthatithelpsusseehowstrangetheuniformityofregularwintertomatoesreallyis.Forabackyardgrower,tasteiseverything.Butincommercialproduction,tasteisanabstraction.Itiswhat’sleftafteralltheothercriteriaforagoodcommercialtomatohavebeenmet:diseaseresistance,regularshape,consistentripening,theabilitytowithstandpickingandpackingandshipping,alongshelflife.Tasteistoosubjective,accordingtotheFloridaTomatoCommittee,tojudgetomatoesby.

TheUglyRipemaybeabettertomato.Afterall,itsgrowershaveselectedforbettertaste,notperfectshape.ButonethingthatwouldcertainlymaketheUglyRipeabettertomatoisadifferentwayofgrowingit.SantaSweetsproducesorganicUglyRipes,buttheyarefewandhardtofind.Itnowgrowsitsconventionaltomatoeswithoutusingagriculturalchemicalsthatcarryreproductiverisks—butitstillusesmethylbromide,apowerful,ozone---depletingpesticide,tofumigatethesoilinwhichconventionalUglyRipesgrow.

UnderthetermsoftheMontrealProtocol,theuseofmethylbromidewassupposedtobephasedoutcompletelybyJanuary2005.Butforthepastfewyears,theBushadministrationhasclaimedanexemptionfor“criticaluses,”oneofwhichisgrowingwintertomatoesinFlorida.Weusedtoconsideritaluxurytoeatfruitsandvegetablesoutofseason.Butwhatweeatoutofseasonhasbeenmachinedtowithstandtherigorsofthesupplychainandproducedinwaysthatonlyourignorancecansustain.Thetruthisthatthereisnoluxury---norcriticaluse—init.Evenanugly,better-tastingwintertomatoisn’tworththeprice.

59.Theword“machined”inthelastparagraphmeans（）.

60.Thecriteriaforagoodcommercialtomatodoesnotinclude（）.

61.（）makestheUglyRipebetter.

62.Methylbromideisusedto（）.

63.Methylbromide,apowerfulozone-depletingpesticide（）.

64.Themainpointofthisarticleis（）.

問題1選項

A.amachinethathasbeenused

B.usingasamachine

C.unconditioned

D.conditioned

問題2選項

A.theabilitytowithstandpicking,packing,andshipping

B.consistentripening

C.brightredcolor

D.disease,resistance

問題3選項

A.Itsshape

B.Itsshelflife

C.Itstaste

D.Itsbrightredcolor

問題4選項

A.fumigatethesoil

B.fumigatetheplants

C.fumigatethetomato

D.noneoftheabove

問題5選項

A.iscommonlyusedtoday

B.issafefortheatmosphere

C.wastobecompletelyphasedoutbyJanuary2005

D.issafefortheenvironment

問題6選項

A.findingtomatoesthattastegood

B.whatbackyardgrowersneedmost

C.thereisnoluxurynorcriticaluseworththepriceofpoisoningourenvironment

D.whatyoudon’tknowwon’thurtyou

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:C

【解析】59.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】詞義辨析題。根據(jù)題干，可以定位到文章最后一段倒數(shù)第二句Butwhatweeatoutofseasonhasbeenmachinedtowithstandtherigorsofthesupplychainandproducedinwaysthatonlyourignorancecansustain（但我們吃的非季節(jié)性食物經(jīng)過加工，經(jīng)受住了供應鏈的嚴酷考驗，而且只有我們的無知才能維持下去），最后一段講到：人們以前認為吃非季節(jié)性水果或蔬菜很奢侈，然而現(xiàn)在這些非季節(jié)性產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)適應了供應的需求，因為人們使用農(nóng)藥大量的生產(chǎn)非季節(jié)性水果或蔬菜。所以machine在這里的意思是表示“適應”。D選項“使適應”，符合文章詞義，D選項正確。A選項“被使用過的機器”，文章的詞義應該是一個動詞，A選項名詞可排除。B選項“作為機器使用”，不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。C選項“無條件的”，不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。因此D選項正確。

60.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第一段第三句Itiswhat’sleftafteralltheothercriteriaforagoodcommercialtomatohavebeenmet:diseaseresistance,regularshape,consistentripening,theabilitytowithstandpickingandpackingandshipping,alongshelflife.（它是在一個好的商業(yè)番茄的所有其他標準都得到滿足之后剩下的東西：抗病、形狀規(guī)則、成熟一致、經(jīng)得起采摘、包裝和運輸?shù)哪芰Α⒈Ｙ|(zhì)期長）。C選項“明艷大紅色彩”，在文章沒有提到，C選項可排除。A選項“經(jīng)得起挑選、包裝和運輸?shù)哪芰Α保恼绿岬?，?jīng)得起采摘、包裝和運輸?shù)哪芰?，A選項可排除。B選項“一致的成熟”，文章提到，成熟一致，B選項可排除。D選項“抗病性”，文章提到，抗病能力，D選項可排除。因此C選項正確。

61.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段第一句TheUglyRipemaybeabettertomato.Afterall,itsgrowershaveselectedforbettertaste,notperfectshape.（UglyRipe可能是更好的番茄。畢竟，它的種植者選擇更好的口味，而不是完美的形狀）。C選項“它的口感”，符合文章內(nèi)容，故答案選項為C。A選項“它的形狀”，跟文章內(nèi)容正好相反，可排除。B選項“它的保質(zhì)期”，文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容，可排除。D選項“鮮紅的顏色”，文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容，可排除。因此C選項正確。

62.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第二段倒數(shù)第三句butitstillusesmethylbromide,apowerful,ozone-depletingpesticidetofumigatethesoil.（但它仍然使用甲基溴，一種強大的、消耗臭氧的殺蟲劑來熏蒸土壤），A選項“用煙熏消毒土壤”，符合文章內(nèi)容，A選項正確，B選項“香薰植物”，文章沒有提到香薰植物，可排除B選項。C選項“香薰番茄”，文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容，可排除。D選項“以上都不是”，可排除。因此A選項正確。

63.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句theuseofmethylbromidewassupposedtobephasedoutcompletelybyJanuary2005（甲基溴的使用應該在2005年1月之前完全停止），也就是說這種農(nóng)藥會完全停止。bephasedout（逐漸淘汰，逐漸停止），C選項“會在2005年1月前完全淘汰”，符合文章內(nèi)容。A選項“現(xiàn)在被廣泛使用”，文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容，可排除。B選項“對大氣安全”，文章提到甲基溴是一種強消耗農(nóng)藥，可知會對大氣造成污染。D選項“對環(huán)境安全”，文章提到農(nóng)藥會破壞環(huán)境，D選項可排除。因此C選項正確。

64.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】主旨大意題。文章從西紅柿的種植開始，到最后一段講到農(nóng)藥的使用，才涉及到了文章的主題“thetruthisthatthereisnoluxury—norcriticaluse—init”這里的it指的便是環(huán)境。這些關(guān)鍵性的使用和奢侈的代價絕沒有破換環(huán)境的代價大。A選項“找到好吃的西紅柿”，B選項“這是后院種植者最需要的”，C選項“任何奢侈或重要用途都不值得我們?yōu)槲廴经h(huán)境付出代價”和D選項“你不知道的事不會傷害你”中對文章的主旨概括最準確的是C選項。因此C選項正確。

2.單選題

Bladderwrack,atough,leatherybrownseaweed,clingstorockstenaciously.

問題1選項

A.growsunder

B.hidesunder

C.sticksto

D.yieldsto

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項growunder“在……下成長”，B項hideunder“在……掩蓋之下”，C項stickto“堅持，粘住”，D項yieldto“屈服，讓步”。句意：一種堅韌的棕色海藻，頑強地附著在巖石上。clingsto在句中表示“附著”。因此，該題選擇C項。

3.單選題

InPlato’sRepublicwefindadiscussionaboutmoralityandselfishness.Plato’sbrotherGlauconistryingtomakeSocratesgivesomegoodreasonsforwhyitisbettertobejustthantobeunjust.Glauconinsiststhatallpeoplebynaturelookafterthemselves,andwheneverwecangetawaywithsomething,wewilldoit,regardlessofhowunjustitmaybetoothers.Unfortunately,wemayreceivethesametreatmentfromothers,whichishighlyunpleasant,soforthesakeofpeaceandsecurityweagreetotreateachotherdecently—notbecausewewantto,butbecauseweareplayingitsafe.Moralityisjustaresultofourlookingoutforourselves.Ifwecangetawaywithsomething,itisournaturetomakethemostofit.

WhatGlauconissuggestinghereabouttheoriginofsocietyisafirstinWesternthought.Histheoryisanexampleofwhathasbecomeknownassocialcontracttheory,andthistypeoftheorybecameparticularlyinfluentialmuchlater,intheeighteenthcentury.Asocialcontracttheoryassumesthathumansusedtoliveinapre-socialsetting(withoutrules,regulations,orcooperation)andthen,forvariousreasons,gottogetherandagreedonsettingupasociety.Generally,socialcontracttheoriesassumethathumansdecidetobuildasocietywithrulesforthesakeofthecommongoodorforthesakeofself-protection.Thetheoryistodayknownaspsychologicalegoism.

ToGlaucon,decentpersonswilldo“unjust”thingsjustasquicklyasscoundrelsiftheyknowtheycangetawaywithitsincetheirhumannaturesareidentical.HereGlauconisactingasthedevil’sadvocateinordertomakeSocratesdefendjusticeassomethingthatisgoodinitself.Surelyweallcanremembereventsinourlivesthatshowthatwedon’talwaysactoutofself-interest.WemayrememberthatMotherTeresaandotherunselfishsoulshavespenttheirliveshelpingothers.Thepsychologicalegoistwouldcontendthattheymaynothavebeenawareoftheirtruemotives,butselfishitwas,somehow.Thesepeople,probably,wantedtogettoHeaven,toatoneforpastwrongdoing,ormaybetheyjustwantedtofeelwarminside.

Thistheory,cynicalasitmaysound,hasestablisheditselffirmlyinthemindsofmanymodernpeople.Somehow,thistheoryremovesthehalofromabovetheheadofeveryheroandeveryunselfishpersoninthehistoryofhumankind.Onereason,then,forthistheory’spopularityisitspresumedhonesty.Closelyrelatedtothenotionofhonestyisourmodernfascinationwithcynicism.Oftentimes,peoplearetrulyselfishanddevious,andthingsarenotwhattheyseem.However,thereisadifferencebetweenthiskindofprudentskepticismandauniversalcynicismthatbordersonparanoia.Suchradicalcynicismdoesn’tallowforthepossibilityoftheexistenceofgoodnessandkindness,andthisisoneoftheerrorspsychologicalegoistsareproneto.Psychologicalegoistsneversaythatwecan’thelpbeingselfishtothebone—theyjustsaythatthereissomehiddenselfishmotiveforwhateverwedothatwemaynotbeevenawareof.

1.WhatisthemainreasonformentreatingeachotherdecentlyaccordingtoGlaucon?

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthesocialcontracttheory?

3.HowwouldpsychologicalegoistsinterprettheexampleofMotherTeresa?

4.Whaterrorsarepsychologicalegoistslikelytomake?

問題1選項

A.Itisnotrightforonetobeunjusttootherpeople.

B.Itisbeneficialforpeopletoretainpeaceandsecurity.

C.Moralityandselflessnessarewhatweshouldpursue.

D.Wearepronetomakethemostofsomething.

問題2選項

A.Itiscontrarytopsychologicalegoists’beliefs.

B.Itrecordshumanlifeinaworldwithoutoperationandrules.

C.Itpresumesthatasocietywithrulesistoguaranteethebenefitsofall.

D.Itassumesthatpeoplearebynatureunselfish.

問題3選項

A.Shehelpsothersforthesakeofherself

B.Justiceisgoodinitselftothedevil’sadvocate.

C.Descentpersonswilldounjustthingsaswell.

D.Sheisatypicalpersonwithfeelingsofparanoia.

問題4選項

A.Theydonotjustifytheirtheoryfully.

B.Theyhavechangedpeople’sview.

C.Theyneverwarnpeopleoftheirunawareselfishness.

D.Theygototheextremeofdisbelievingpeople

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:1.根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第三句“forthesakeofpeaceandsecurity...weareplayingitsafe.”為了和平與安全,我們同意善待彼此——不是因為我們想這樣做,而是因為我們謹慎行事。也就是說人與人之間保持和平與安全是有益的。選項B符合原文。

2.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“socialcontracttheory”定位到原文第二段,根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二句“Generally,socialcontracttheories...forthesakeofself-protection.”一般來說,社會契約理論認為,人類決定建立一個有規(guī)則的社會是為了公共利益或自我保護。選項C符合原文。

3.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“MotherTeresa”定位到第三段最后三句,心理利己主義者認為他們可能沒有意識到自己的真實動機,但從某種程度上來說,他們是自私的。這些人可能是想上天堂,為過去的錯誤行為贖罪,或者他們只是想感受內(nèi)心的溫暖。選項A符合原文。

4.根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“Suchradicalcynicism...psychologicalegoistsareproneto.”這種極端的犬儒主義不允許善良和善良存在的可能性,這是心理利己主義者容易犯的錯誤之一。也就是說他們很極端,容易懷疑他人,所以選項D正確。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

4.翻譯題

在找工作的過程中，面試是一個關(guān)鍵時刻；面試的成功與否，除了面試官如何看你的條件及個人素質(zhì)外，主要取決于他們?nèi)绾卧u價你在面試中總的表現(xiàn)；因此，有必要把它當作一場演出或比賽來看待，其目的是向面試官表示你是干這項工作的最佳人選；大多數(shù)人在面試中采取被動策略，盡全力回答提出的問題；一種更好的方法是控制局面，使面試官有絕對理由相信你能勝任這項工作，讓他們沒有理由相信你不能勝任它。

【答案】Thejobinterviewisanimportantmomentinjobhunting.Inadditiontohowtheinterviewersseeyourqualificationsandpersonalqualities,muchwilldependonhowtheyevaluateyourinterviewperformanceingeneral.Therefore,itishelpfultoconsideritaperformanceoragamewhosegoalistoshowtheinterviewersthatyouarethebestpersonforthejob.Mostpeopleadoptapassivestrategyinaninterview,answeringwhateverquestionstheyareaskedtothebestoftheirability.Abetterapproachistobringthesituationundercontrolandgivetheinterviewerseveryreasontobelievethatyoucanhandlethejobforwhichyouarebeingconsideredandlittlereasontobelieveyoucan’t.

5.單選題

Thejudgeruledthattheevidencewasinadmissibleonthegroundsthatitwas（）totheissueathand.

問題1選項

A.irrational

B.unreasonable

C.irrelevant

D.invalid

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項irrational“不合理的”；B選項unreasonable“不合理的；非理智的”；C選項irrelevant“不相干的；不切題的”；D選項invalid“無效的；有病的；殘廢的”。句意：這位法官判定這一證據(jù)是不予采納的，理由是它與手頭的案件是不相干的。C選項正確。

6.單選題

Aneighteenth-centurytravelertoAnnapolisreportedonthesplendorofthissoutherncity.

問題1選項

A.magnificence

B.corruption

C.dimensions

D.provincialism

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。橫線單詞splendor意為“光彩；壯麗；顯赫”；A選項“magnificence”意為“壯麗；宏偉；富麗堂皇”；B選項“corruption”意為“貪污，腐?。粔櫬洹?；C選項“dimensions”意為“規(guī)模，大??；尺寸規(guī)格”；D選項“provincialism”意為“方言；地方風格；鄉(xiāng)下習氣”。句意：一位18世紀去過安納波利斯的旅行者報道了這座南方城市的輝煌壯麗。由題干可知，Annapolis（安納波利斯，是美國馬里蘭州的首府和港口，是一座歷史名城），所以可以推測出splendor在此處最可能是“壯麗”的意思，四個選項中magnificence具有“壯麗宏偉”的意思，與此相近。因此A選項符合題意。

7.翻譯題

Withalittlemoredeliberationinthechoiceoftheirpursuits,allmenwouldperhapsbecomeessentiallystudentsandobservers,forcertainlytheirnatureanddestinyareinterestingtoallalike.Inaccumulatingpropertyforourselvesorourposterity,infoundingafamilyorastate,oracquiringfameeven,wearemortal;butindealingwithtruthweareimmortal,andneedfearnochangenoraccident.TheoldestEgyptianorHinduphilosopherraisedacorneroftheveilfromthestatueofthedivinity;andstillthetremblingroberemainsraised,andIgazeuponasfreshagloryashedid,sinceitwasIinhimthatwasthensobold,anditisheinmethatnowreviewsthevision.Nodusthassettledonthatrobe;notimehaselapsedsincethatdivinitywasrevealed.Thattimewhichwereallyimprove,orwhichisimprovable,isneitherpast,present,norfuture.

【答案】當我們對人的追求多點慎重多點考慮，大約就會低頭俯首當起學生和觀察員來，因為人的本性和命運，想必對所有人而言都是很有意思的。為自己或后代積累財產(chǎn)，成家或立國，甚或是樹立個人名望，在這些方面我們都是凡人，終有一死；然而在與真理打交道時，我們都超凡不朽，無須害怕變故。最古老的埃及或印度哲學家，掀起了神像的一角掩面輕紗；那顫動的紗巾迄今依然是掀起的，此刻我所看到的非凡之美，一如哲學家所看到的那般鮮活，因為當初他那么大膽時我就在他體內(nèi)，而如今我再讀仰望尊容時他就在我體內(nèi)。那袍子如今纖塵未染；自從神明顯露以來，也沒有時間流逝。那個我們真正拿來用的時刻，或者說那個可以為我們所用的時刻，既非過去，亦不是現(xiàn)在或?qū)怼?/p>

8.單選題

TheCollector’sEditioncoinis______,andrepresentsatruecollector’streasuretobeappreciatedforgenerationstocome.

問題1選項

A.unlikelyanyElvisPresleycollectibleeverreleased

B.unlikely,andElvisPresleycollectibleneverreleased

C.unlikeanyElvisPresleycollectibleneverreleased

D.unlikeanyElvisPresleycollectibleeverreleased

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞義。句意：此款收藏版硬幣，……，代表著一個真正的收藏家的珍品，其在未來將會升值。unlike“不同的；不相似的”；unlikely“不太可能的”，常出現(xiàn)于“itisunlikelythat”。由句意判斷，此枚硬幣價值極高，不同于貓王發(fā)行的其他收藏品。因此D選項符合題意。

9.單選題

Ifanobjectissuspendedfromanpointontheverticallinepassingthroughitscenterofgravity,theobjectwillremain（）.

問題1選項

A.secure

B.flexible

C.stationary

D.mobile

【答案】C

【解析】句意：如果一個物體從通過其重心的垂直線上的一個點上懸停,該物體將保持靜止。選項C符合語境。

10.單選題

AlthoughthefeedingactivitiesofwhalesandwalrusesgivetheseaflooroftheBeringShelfadevastatedappearance,theseactivitiesseemtobeactually（

）tothearea,enhancingitsproductivity.

問題1選項

A.destructive

B.rehabilitative

C.beneficial

D.detrimental

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。destructive“破壞的；有害的”；rehabilitative“復原的”；beneficial“有益的；有利的”；detrimental“不利的”。句意：盡管鯨和海象的覓食活動給白令海大陸架的海底帶來表面上的毀壞，但是這些活動似乎在實際上對這個區(qū)域是有益的，提高了它的生產(chǎn)力。由enhancingitsproductivity可知C項符合語境。

11.單選題

Low-levelslash-and-burnfarmingdoesn'tharmrain-forest.Onthecontrary,ithelpsfarmersandimprovesforestsoils.ThisistheunorthodoxviewofaGermansoilscientistwhohasshownthatburntclearingsintheAmazon,datingbackmorethan1,000years,helpedcreatepatchesofrich,fertilesoilthatfarmersstillbenefitfromtoday.

Mostrain-forestsoilsarethinandpoorbecausetheylackmineralsandbecausetheheatandheavyrainfalldestroymostorganicmatterinthesoilswithinfouryearsofitreachingtheforestfloor.Thismeanstopsoilcontainsfewoftheingredientsneededforlong-termsuccessfulfanning.

ButBrunoGlaser,asoilscientistoftheUniversityofBayreuth,hasstudiedunexpectedpatchesoffertilesoilsinthecentralAmazon.Thesesoilscontainlotsoforganicmatter.Glaserhasshownthatmostofthisfertileorganicmattercomesfrom"blackcarbon"——theorganicparticlesfromcampfiresandcharred（燒成炭的）woodleftoverfromthousandsofyearsofslash-and-burnfanning.“Thesoils,knownasTerraPreta,containedupto70timesmoreblackcarbonthanthesurroundingsoil，”saysGlaser.Unbumtvegetationrotsquickly,butblackcarbonpersistsinthesoilformanycenturies.RadiocarbondatingshowsthatthecharredwoodinTerraPretasoilsistypicallymorethan1,000yearsold.

“Slash-and-burnfarmingcanbegoodforsoilsprovideditdoesn’tcompletelyburnallthevegetation,andleavesbehindcharredwood,”saysGlaser.“Itcanbebetterthanmanure（糞肥）Burningtheforestjustoncecanleavebehindenoughblackcarbontokeepthesoilfertileforthousandsofyears.Andrain-forestseasilyregrowaftersmall-scaleclearing.Contrarytotheconventionalviewthathumanactivitiesdamagetheenvironment,Glasersays:“BlackcarboncombinedwithhumanwastesisresponsiblefortherichnessofTerraPretasoils.”

TerraPretasoilsturnupinlargepatchesallovertheAmazon,wheretheyarehighlyprizedbyfanners.Allthepatchesfallwithin500squarekilometersinthecentralAmazon.Glasersaysthewidespreadpresenceofpotteryconfirmsthesoil’shumanorigins.ThefindingsaddweighttothetheorythatlargeareasoftheAmazonhaverecoveredsowellfrompastperiodsofagriculturalusethattheregrowthhasbeenmistakenbygenerationsofbiologistsfor“virgin”forest.Duringthepastdecade,researchershavediscoveredhundredsoflargeearthworksdeepinthejungle.Theyareupto20metershighandcoveruptoasquarekilometer.Glaserclaimsthattheseearthworks,builtbetweenAD400and1400,wereattheheartofurbancivilizations.NowitseemstherichnessoftheTerraPretasoilsmayexplainhowsuchcivilizationsmanagedtofeedthemselves.

1.Welearnfromthepassagethatthetraditionalviewofslash-and-burnfarmingisthat（

）.

2.Mostrain-forestsoilsarethinandpoorbecause

（

）.

3.Glasermadehisdiscoveryby

（

）.

4.WhatdoesGlasersayabouttheregrowthofrain-forests?

5.Fromthepassageitcanbeinferredthat（

）.

問題1選項

A.itdoesnoharmtothetopsoiloftherain-forest

B.itdestroysrainforestsoils

C.ithelpsimproverain-forestsoils

D.itdiminishestheorganicmatterinrain-forestsoils

問題2選項

A.thecompositionofthetopsoilisratherunstable

B.blackcarboniswashedawaybyheavyrains

C.organicmatterisquicklylostduetoheatandrain

D.long-termfarminghasexhaustedtheingredientsessentialtoplantgrowth

問題3選項

A.studyingpatchesoffertilesoilsinthecentralAmazon

B.examiningpotteryleftoverbyancientcivilizations

C.test-burningpatchesoftreesinthecentralAmazon

D.radiocarbon-datingingredientscontainedinforestsoils

問題4選項

A.Theytakecenturiestoregrowafterbeingburnt.

B.Theycannotrecoverunlessthevegetationisburntcompletely.

C.Theirregrowthwillbehamperedbyhumanhabitation.

D.Theycanrecovereasilyafterslash-and-burnfarming.

問題5選項

A.humanactivitieswilldogravedamagetorain-forests

B.Amazonrain-forestsoilsusedtobetherichestintheworld

C.farmingisresponsibleforthedestructionoftheAmazonrain-forests

D.thereonceexistedanurbancivilizationintheAmazonrain-forests

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。由題干可知，我們需要找的是“thetraditionalviewofslash-and-burnfarming對于刀耕火種的傳統(tǒng)觀點”，這一信息出現(xiàn)在文章第一段“Low-levelslash-and-burnfarmingdoesn'tharmrain-forest.Onthecontrary,ithelpsfarmersandimprovesforestsoils.低水平的刀耕火種并不會損害雨林。相反，它有助于農(nóng)民和改善森林土壤?！蔽闹谐霈F(xiàn)了onthecontrary就說明出現(xiàn)了觀點對比，且后面補充說到“Thisistheunorthodoxview這是一種非正統(tǒng)的觀點”因此本句就是與傳統(tǒng)觀點相悖的地方。由此推出傳統(tǒng)觀點“刀耕火種會損害雨林”。B選項“它破壞雨林土壤”符合題意。

2.事實細節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵信息“thinandpoor薄且貧瘠”定位到文章第二段第一句“Mostrain-forestsoilsarethinandpoorbecausetheylackmineralsandbecausetheheatandheavyrainfalldestroymostorganicmatterinthesoilswithinfouryearsofitreachingtheforestfloor.大多數(shù)雨林土壤都很貧瘠，因為它們?nèi)狈ΦV物質(zhì)，而且高溫和強降雨會在土壤中的大部分有機物到達森林地面后的四年內(nèi)將其破壞?！币虼嗽蛟谟诟邷睾蛷娊涤陼雇寥乐杏袡C物質(zhì)迅速流失，這一點與C選項同義。

3.事實細節(jié)題。Glaser的研究結(jié)論由何而來，由題干定位到第三段第一句“ButBrunoGlaser,asoilscientistoftheUniversityofBayreuth,hasstudiedunexpectedpatchesoffertilesoilsinthecentralAmazon.但是，拜羅伊特大學的土壤科學家布魯諾?格拉澤(BrunoGlaser)研究了亞馬遜中部出人意料的肥沃土壤?！闭f明Glaser是研究了亞馬遜中部意外發(fā)現(xiàn)的肥沃土壤才有了上述結(jié)論，因此A選項“研究亞馬遜中部的肥沃土壤”正確。

4.觀點態(tài)度題。題干關(guān)鍵信息“theregrowthofrain-forests雨林的再生”出現(xiàn)在文章第四段倒數(shù)第二句“Andrain-forestseasilyregrowaftersmall-scaleclearing.雨林在小規(guī)模的清理后很容易再生。”對比四個選項發(fā)現(xiàn)D選項“在刀耕火種后，他們很容易恢復。”符合文意。

5.判斷推理題。A選項“人類活動將對熱帶雨林造成嚴重破壞”不符合文意，本文只是論述“刀耕火種創(chuàng)造的肥沃土壤使亞馬遜中的文明得以存在”這一觀點；B選項“亞馬遜雨林的土壤曾經(jīng)是世界上最肥沃的”文中并未提及；C選項“農(nóng)業(yè)對亞馬遜雨林的破壞負有責任”不屬于文章論述的主要觀點；D選項“在亞馬遜雨林中曾經(jīng)存在著一種城市文明”出現(xiàn)在文章最后一段，研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)亞馬遜雨林中存在陶器及上百座大土方，推知古代在這里存在過人類文明。因此D選項正確。

12.單選題

Thelate-summerwatersofthenorthernshorewere（

）chillyforthevacationerwhoadoredswimming.

問題1選項

A.seasonally

B.wonderfully

C.disappointingly

D.realistically

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。seasonally“周期性地”；wonderfully“精彩地；極好地”；disappointingly“令人失望地”；realistically“現(xiàn)實地；逼真地”。句意：對喜歡游泳的度假者來說，北方海岸夏末的海水令人失望，因為那里很寒冷。由“chilly”可知寒冷的海水并不適合游泳，故C項“令人失望地”符合語境，C項正確。

13.案例題

Apowerfulpersonalgrowthtoolisthe30-daytrial.ThisisaconceptIborrowedfromthesharewareindustry,whereyoucan（1）atrialversionofapieceofsoftwareandtryitoutrisk-freefor30daysbeforeyou'rerequiredtobuythe（2）version.It'salsoagreatwaytodevelopnew（3）,andbestofall,it'sbrain-deadsimple.Let'ssayyouwanttostartanewhabitlikeanexerciseprogramor（4）abadhabitlikesuckingoncancersticks.Weallknowthatgetting（5）andstickingwiththenewhabitforafewweeksisthehardpart.Onceyou'veovercomeinertia,it'smucheasiertokeepgoing.Yetweoftenpsycheourselvesoutofgettingstartedby（6）thinkingaboutthechangeassomething（7）beforewe'veevenbegun.Itseemstoooverwhelmingtothinkaboutmakingabigchangeand（8）withiteverydayfortherestofyourlifewhenyou'restillhabituatedtodoingthe（9）.Themoreyouthinkaboutthechangeassomethingpermanent,themoreyou（10）whereyouare.Butwhatifyouthoughtaboutmakingthechangeonly（11）sayfor30days—andthenyou'refreetogobacktoyouroldhabits?Thatdoesn'tseemsohardanymore.Exercisedailyforjust30days,thenquit,maintaina（12）organizeddeskfor30days,thenslackoff.Readforanhouradayfor30days,thengobacktowatchingTV.

Couldyoudoit?Itstill（13）abitofdisciplineandcommitment,butnotnearlysomuchasmakingapermanentchange.Any（14）deprivationisonlytemporary.Youcan（15）downthedaystofreedom.Andforatleast30days,you'llgainsomebenefit.It,'snotsobaD.Youcanhandleit.It'sonlyonemonthoutofyourlife.

Directions:Chooseoneappropriatewordfromthefollowingwordbanktofillintheblanksnumberedfrom1to15inthepassagebelow,Changethewordformwherenecessary.Rememberthebankcontainssomeextrawordsthatmaynotbeusedinfillinganyoftheblanks.WritethewordsintheircorrectformswiththecorrespondingnumbersontheAnswerSheet.

Temporary

download

commitment

neatly

require

mentally

count

opposite

stay

discipline

permanent

habit

overcome

stick

adopt

full

free

perceive

quit

start

【答案】1.download

2.full

3.habits

4.quit

5.started

6.mentally

7.permanent

8.sticking

9.opposite

10.stay

11.commitment

12.neatly

13.requires

14.perceived

15.count

【解析】1.根據(jù)句意,下載某種軟件,用downloadsoftware。

2.fullversion指完整版。句意：下載某個軟件的免費試用版使用30天后,你會被要求購買完整版。

3.從下文的"Let'ssayyouwanttostartanewhabit."可推測,填空處也應該填入habit,且為復數(shù)。

4.quitabadhabit指改正某個壞習慣。

5.根據(jù)句意：我們都知道,開始并堅持幾個星期的新習慣是困難的。先開始才能堅持。

6.根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知這里應該用副詞修飾thinking,根據(jù)上文的psych推斷mentally正確。

7.根據(jù)下文"Themoreyouthinkaboutthechangeassomethingpermanent,..."可知此處也應填入permanent。

8.stickwith堅持,文中多次出現(xiàn)。

9.dotheopposite為固定用法,意為背道而馳。

10.根據(jù)句意：你越認為這種改變是永久性的,你就會在原地待得越久。這里指保持現(xiàn)狀。

11.make…commitment為固定搭配,意為"做出……的承諾"。

12.maintainaneatlyorganizeddesk保持課桌的干凈整潔。

13.根據(jù)句意：盡管它依然完成了一些紀律和承諾,但遠沒有達到永久改變的程度。

14.句意：任何感知到的剝奪都只是暫時的。

15.countdown為固定搭配,意為"倒數(shù)"。

14.單選題

Muchofthenewsprovidedbythisnewspaperis(

)

notforeign.

問題1選項

A.domestic

B.devilish

C.unusual

D.civilian

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。domest