虛擬語(yǔ)氣 公開課課件

GrammarThesubjunctivemood虛擬語(yǔ)氣一種特殊的動(dòng)詞形式表示說(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的話不是一個(gè)事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、猜測(cè)、懷疑等(在條件從句中或讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中)；表示說(shuō)話人的愿望、要求、命令、建議等(在賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句)。虛擬語(yǔ)氣(TheSubjunctiveMood)條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣

狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣幾種特殊句式的虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣的主要內(nèi)容IfwehadasingleflowerforeverytimeIthinkaboutyou,Icouldwalkforeverinmygarden.假如每次想起你我都會(huì)得到一朵鮮花，那么我將永遠(yuǎn)在花叢中徜徉。Ifyouwereateardropinmyeye,forfearoflosingyou,Iwouldnevercry.如果你是我眼里的一滴淚；為了不失去你，我將永不哭泣。Ifwecanonlyencountereachotherratherthanstaywitheachother,thenIwishwehadneverencountered.如果只是遇見(jiàn)，不能停留，不如不遇見(jiàn)。Ifyouweptforthemissingsunset,youwouldmissalltheshiningstars.如果你為錯(cuò)過(guò)夕陽(yáng)而哭泣，那么你就要錯(cuò)過(guò)群星了。Ifwintercomes,canspringbefarbehind?春天來(lái)了，冬天還會(huì)遠(yuǎn)嗎？時(shí)間條件從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在過(guò)去將來(lái)過(guò)去式:(be)常用werewould/could/might/should+do過(guò)去完成式:had+donewould/could/might/should+havedone①weretodoshould+do③過(guò)去式would/could/might/should+do1.條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣Translatethefollowingsentences:如果我是鳥，我就會(huì)飛。如果明天下雨，我們就不得不推遲運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。如果你起得早點(diǎn)，你就能趕上這趟火車了。省略、倒裝Translatethefollowingsentence:如果你上周聽(tīng)從醫(yī)生的建議，你現(xiàn)在也就好了。Ifyouhadfollowedthedoctor’sadvicelastweek,youwouldbeallrightnow.

與過(guò)去相反與現(xiàn)在相反各自為準(zhǔn)Ifthestaff

hadbeen

morecareful,

themall

wouldnotbe

onfirenow.賓語(yǔ)從句1）wish引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示與事實(shí)相反的一種愿望2.名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣Iwisheveryfamilyhadalargehousewithabeautifulgarden.IwishIhadbeenwithyouyesterday.IwishIwouldgotothemoononeday.IwishI

were

astallasyou.Iwisheveryday

were

mybirthday.IwishI

hadn’t

eatensomuchwatermelon.Thepartywasterrible,IwishIhadnevergonetoit.Iwishit

raintomorrow.would2)表建議；要求；命令的詞一堅(jiān)持二命令三建議四要求insistorder;commandadvise;suggest;proposerequiredemand;desire;request;Sheinsistedthatshewas

right.（堅(jiān)持事實(shí)）Hisuncleinsiststhatheshould

notstayinthehotel.Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathewas

unhappy.Isuggestedthattheteachers’wages(should)beincreased.Insist表示“堅(jiān)決要求”時(shí)，用虛擬形式，即should+do;Insist表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為;堅(jiān)持說(shuō)”時(shí)，用陳述語(yǔ)氣表示事實(shí)。Suggest表示“建議”時(shí)，用虛擬形式。Suggest表示“表明、暗示”時(shí)，用陳述語(yǔ)氣。1).Iwouldratherhewereherenow.2).Iwouldratheryoucame

nextSunday.

3).Iwouldratheryouhadseenthefilmyesterday.3).Wouldrather的虛擬語(yǔ)氣did/werehaddone現(xiàn)在/將來(lái)過(guò)去wouldrather(that)

1)建議；要求；命令等名詞

●Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)doour homeworkfirst.

●Heagreedtomysuggestionthatwe (should)doourhomeworkfirst.

●Itismysuggestionthatwe(should)do ourhomeworkfirst.2.主語(yǔ)；表語(yǔ)；同位語(yǔ)從句1）asif/asthough Helooksaftertheboyasifhewerehisownson. Hetalkedasifhehadbeentherebefore. Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.3.狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣注意：如果從句表達(dá)的情況與現(xiàn)實(shí)相吻合，則不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。asif/asthough+從句過(guò)去式(對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬)過(guò)去完成時(shí)(對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬)ShetalksaboutRomeasthoughshe

had

beenthereherself.2）evenif;eventhough

EvenifIwererich,Iwouldwork. EvenifIhadbeenthereintimeIcouldn’thavedoneit.Evenif;eventhough引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，如果其含義與事實(shí)相反，其動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句以及主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式與條件句中的形式相同。1.It’s(high)time+(that)should(不省)

+v.過(guò)去時(shí)你該走了。我們?cè)撊ニX(jué)了。It’stimethatyouwent.It’stimethatyoushouldgo.It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.4.特殊句式中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣Exercises1.Iamnotfreetoday.IfI___freetoday,I__andvisitsomeofmyfriends.A.am,willgoB.were,wouldgoC.was,shouldgoD.be,mustgo2.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe___inturn,you___tired.A.haddriven,wouldnothavegotB.haddriven,wouldnotgetC.drove,wouldnotget

D.drove,wouldnothavegot

BA4.Iwenttobedearlylastnight,butIwishI

so.A.didn’tdoB.hadn’tdoneC.haven’tdoneD.couldn’tdo5.HowIwisheveryfamily____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.A.hasB.hadC.willhadD.hadhad6.Theteacherorderedthatstudents_______.A.mustn’tsmokeB.notsmokeC.smokedD.hadsmoked7.Theteacherdemandedthework_____before4o’clock.A.finishedB.finishC.shouldfinish D.befinished

BBBD8.Hegaveanadvicethatthey____eachother.A.helpedB.musthelpC.helpD.hadhelped9.Mysuggestionisthatafewmorepeople___theretohelpthem.A.besentB.havesentC.sentD.shouldsentCA10.Itwasorderedthatnosmoking____inthelibrary.A.shouldallowB.beallowedC.willbeallowedD.isallowedB11.Itishightimethathe______immediately.A.CouldleaveB.willleaveC.shouldleaveD.leaves12.IfonlyI_____howtooperateacomputerasyoudo!A.hadknownB.wouldknowC.shouldknowD.knew13.Isitnecessarythathe_____theexamination?A.takes B.hastotakeC.musttake D.take14.Itisstrangethathe_____youthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastold15.Itwasorderedthatnosmoking____inthelibrary.A.shouldallowB.beallowedC.willbeallowedD.isallowedDBB16.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_______.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken17.Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey_______friendsforyears.A.ShouldbeB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen18.

Thewoundedmanstoppedbreathing.He______eventhoughhe______tohospitalimmediately.wasn’tsaved;wassentwould’thavebeensaved;hadbeensentwould’tbesaved;wassentwon’tbesaved;issent19.Alan___thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon.A.wouldhavemissedB.hadmissedC.wouldmissD.missed20.—Itwasthedrug，notthedisease，thatkilledtheboy.—Hewouldbestillalivetodayifhe___thatdrug.A.nottake

B.shouldn’thavetakenC.didn’ttake

D.hadn’ttaken21.IfonlyI___tomyparents!(ButIdidn’t.)A.listenedB.hadlistenedC.shouldlistenD.wouldlisten22.TomsuggestedthatAnn___thehouse.A.sellB.soldC.shallsellD.wouldsell23.Iwishthisbus___totheuniversity.A.goB.wentC.hasgoneD.hadgone24.Simonlooksasthoughhenever___asquaremeal(吃得飽),thoughhisparentsfeedhimverywell.A.getB.gettingC.gotD.shouldget25.HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhe___there.A.hadbeenB.wereC.wasD.been26.I___yousomemoney,butIhadn’tgotanythen.A.wouldlendB.wouldhavelentC.couldlendD.mayhave

lent27.–HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?--No,butIwishI___.A.haveB.willC.doD.had28.Idon’tthinkitistherighttimethatyou__.A.willgoB.wentC.goD.mustgo

29.(2003上海春季)LookatthetroubleIamin!IfonlyI________youradvice.A.followedB.wouldfollowC.hadfollowed

D.shouldfollow30.ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI________inlove，attheageofseven，withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.A.wouldn’thavefallen

B.hadnotfallenC.shouldfall

D.weretofall31.Sheinsistedthatshe________illofhimbehindhim，buthedidn’tbelieveit.A.hadn’tspoken

B.shouldn’tspeakC.wouldn’tspeak

D.notspeak32.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor，you________allrightnow.A.are

B.wereC.wouldbe

D.wouldhavebeen33.I’dratheryou________knowthesecret.A.didn’t

B.hadn’t

C.not

D.notto34.Withoutyourhelp，we________thistask.A.don’tfinish

B.willnotfinishC.didn’tfinish

D.wouldnothavefinished35.Itishightimethechild________tothehospital.A.issent

B.wouldbesentC.besent

D.weresent36.Ifit________sohard，we’dgototown.A.isn’training

B.weren’trainingC.doesn’train

D.hasrain37.It’sstrangethathe________withoutsayinggood-byeto