Unit 1 Reading and thinking課件-高中英語(yǔ)人教版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

Unit1

PeopleofachievementReadingandThinkingTuYouyouAwardedNobelPrizeamodernscientistwhousesartemisininasanewtreatmentformalaria.DoyoukownTuYouyou?Whoisshe?WhatdoyouknowaboutTuYouyou?Whycanshemakethegreatdiscoveries?whatkindofpersonmakesgreatdiscoveries？perseverantcuriouscreativeimaginative

diligentintelligenthardworkingReadPara.1andcompletethemindmap.TheNobelPrizewhenOctober5th,2015whoTuYouyouwhattheNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicinewhythediscoveryofartemisinin

Thisyear'sNobelPrizeforphysiologyormedicinehasbeenawardedtoTuYouyou(co-winner),whoseresearchledtothediscoveryofartemisinin,acrucialnewtreatmentformalaria.今年的諾貝爾生理獎(jiǎng)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)?lì)C給了屠呦呦(共同獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)?,屠呦呦的研究，促使了青蒿素的發(fā)現(xiàn)，這是一種治療瘧疾的至關(guān)重要的新療法Artemisininhassavedhundredsof

thousandsoflives,andhasledtoimprovedhealthformillionsofpeople.Over200millionpeoplearoundtheworldgetmalariaeachyear,andabout600,000diefromit.Artemisininhasbecomeavitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria,andisthoughttosave100,000livesayearinAfricaalone.青蒿素拯救了數(shù)十萬(wàn)人的生命，并促使改善了數(shù)百萬(wàn)人的健康狀況，全世界每年有2億多人感染瘧疾，并且約60萬(wàn)人死于瘧疾。青蒿素已成為治療瘧疾的關(guān)鍵成分，每年僅在非洲，它就被認(rèn)為能拯救十萬(wàn)人的生命。TuYouyou,acommittedandpatientscientist,wasborninNingbo,China,on30December1930,andgraduatedfromPekingUniversityMedical

Schoolin1955.屠呦呦一位敬業(yè)耐心的科學(xué)家，1930年12月30日出生于中國(guó)寧波，1955年畢業(yè)于北京大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院。Aftershegraduated,sheworkedattheChinaAcademyofTraditionalChineseMedicineinBeijing.In1967,theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjective

ofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria,andTuYouyouwasamongthefirstresearchers

chosen.

畢業(yè)后，她在北京的中國(guó)中醫(yī)學(xué)院工作，1967年，中國(guó)政府組建了一支科學(xué)家隊(duì)伍，目的是發(fā)現(xiàn)治療瘧疾的新療法，屠呦呦入選首批研究人員。Inthebeginning,TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmore

common,tostudymalariapatients.In1969,shebecametheheadoftheprojectinBeijing,anddecidedtoreviewancientChinesemedicaltextsto

findtraditionalbotanicaltreatmentsforthedisease.起初，屠呦呦奔富瘧疾更為常見(jiàn)的海南，研究瘧疾患者。1969年，她成為該項(xiàng)目在北京的負(fù)責(zé)人，她決定查閱中國(guó)古代醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)，尋找治療這種疾病的傳統(tǒng)植物療法。Herteamexamineoover2,000oldmedicaltexts,andevaluated280,000plantsfortheimedical

properties.Fromtheirresearch,theydiscoveredandtested380

ancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria.她的團(tuán)隊(duì)查閱了2000多份古老的醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)，并評(píng)估了28萬(wàn)種植物的藥學(xué)屬性，從他們的研究中，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)并測(cè)試了380種不同的有望戰(zhàn)勝瘧疾的中國(guó)古代醫(yī)學(xué)療法。Onemedicaltextfromthefourthcenturysuggestedusingtheextractfromsweetwormwoodtotreatafever.Tu'steamtestedacollectionofdriedwormwoodleavesbutfoundnoeffect.一本四世紀(jì)的醫(yī)藥文獻(xiàn)推薦使用青蒿提取物來(lái)治療發(fā)燒，屠呦呦的團(tuán)隊(duì)測(cè)試了一批干青蒿葉，但沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)任何效果。Theythentriedboilingfreshwormwood,andusingtheliquidobtainedfromthistotreatmalaria,butthisdidnotworkeither.Theirprojectgotstuck.然后他們嘗試煮沸新鮮的青蒿，并使用從中獲得的液體治療瘧疾，但也不起作用。她們的項(xiàng)目陷入了僵局。However,TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat.Sheanalysedthemedicaltextsagain,andbychance,shefoundonesentencesuggestingadifferentwaytootreatthewormwood.但是屠呦呦不服輸，她再次分析了醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了有一句話(huà)建議采用不同的方法處理青蒿。

Sheconcludedthatboilingthesweetwormwoodapparentlydestroyeditsmedicalproperties.Usingalowertemperaturetodrawouttheextract,shefoundasubstancethatworked.Afterfailingmorethan190times,theteamfinallysucceededin1971.

在用較低的溫度取出提取物后，她發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種有效的物質(zhì)。在經(jīng)歷了190多次失敗之后，這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)終于在1971年獲得成功。TuYouyouandherteammemberseveninsistedontesingthemedicineonthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.屠呦呦和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員甚至堅(jiān)持以身試藥，以確保它是安全的。后來(lái)，這種藥被用于瘧疾患者，大多數(shù)瘧疾患者都康復(fù)了。Thismedicine,whichwascalledartemisinin,soonbecameastandardtreatmentformalaria.這種被稱(chēng)為青蒿素的藥物很快成為治療瘧疾的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)療法。AccordingtoTuYouyou,thediscoveryofartemisininwasateameffort.UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize,shesaid“Thehonourisnotjustmine.Thereisateambehindme,andallthepeopleofmycountry.據(jù)屠呦呦講，青蒿素的發(fā)現(xiàn)是一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的努力。在她得知自己獲得了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)時(shí)，她說(shuō):“這份榮譽(yù)不僅僅屬于我。我身后有一支隊(duì)伍，還有我的國(guó)家的所有人民。ThissuccessprovesthegreatvalueoftraditionalChinesemedicine.ItisindeedanhonourforChina’sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld."這一成功證明了傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)藥的巨大價(jià)值。中國(guó)的科學(xué)研究和中醫(yī)藥能夠在全世界傳播，確實(shí)是一種榮譽(yù)?！盧eadforstructure&mainideaPara4:Theresearchprocessofdiscovering

.Para2&3:commentStructurePara1:

The______aboutTuYouyouwinningtheawardandthe_____________ofdiscoveringartemisinin.artemisininTu’s

whenhearingthenews.newssignificanceFillinthetablewiththenumberstounderstanditssignificance.

ThesignificanceofartemisininArtemisininIthassavedIthasledtomprovedhealthforIthasbecomeItisthoughttosaveMalariaThenumberofpeoplearoundtheworldwhogetiteveryyearThenumberofpeoplewhodiefromiteveryyearHundredsofthousandsoflives.Millionsofpeople.Avitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria.100,000livesayearinAfricaalone.Over200millioneachyear.About600,000.Read