考研考博-英語(yǔ)-蘭州石化職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-蘭州石化職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Whyaremobilessopopular?Becausepeoplelovetotalktoeachother.Anditiseasierwithamobilephone.IncountrieslikeRussiaandChina,peopleusetilemobilephoneinplaceswherethereisnoordinarytelephone.Businesspeople,usemobileswhenthey’retraveling.Insomecountries,likeJapan,manypeopleusetheirmobilephonestosende-mailmessageandaccesstheInternet.Theyuseanewkindofmobilephonecalled“i-mode”.Youcanevenuseamobilephonetolistentomusic.

Mobilephonesareveryfashionablewithteenagers.Parentsbuymobilephonesfortheirchildren.Theycancallbornehomeiftheyareintroubleandneedhelp.Sotheyfeelsafer.Butteenagersmostlyusethemtokeepintouchwiththeirfriendsorplaysimplecomputergames.It’scooltobetheownerofasmallexpensivemobile.Researchshowsthatteenageownersofmobilephonessmokeless.Parentsandschoolsarehappythatteenagersaresaferandsmokeless.

Butmanypeopledislikethem.Theyhateitwhenthebusinessmanoppositethemonthetrainhasaloudconversationonhisphone.Orwhenthemobilephoneringsinacafeorrestaurant.Butthereisamuchmoreseriousproblem.It’spossiblethatthemobilephonecanheatupthebrainbecauseweholdthephonesoclosetoourhead.Scientistsfearthatmobilescanperhapsbebadforyourmemoryandevengiveyoucancer.

1.Mobilesarepopularamongpeoplebecause________.

2.ItisstatedinthepassagethatinRussiaandChina________.

3.Parentsbuymobilephonesfortheirchildrenbecause________.

4.Whycanmobilephonesbeamuchmoreseriousproblem?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethetitletileofthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theythinkmobilesarefun

B.theybelievemobilesaresafe

C.theylovetolistentomusic

D.theyfeeliteasiertotalktoeachother

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ordinarytelephoneserviceisavailableeverywhere

B.peopleprefermobilephonestoordinarytelephones

C.mobilesareusedinplaceswithoutordinarytelephones

D.peopleusemobilestosende-mailsandaccesstheinternet

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.mobilephonesareveryfashionablewithteenagers

B.theycancallhomeiftheyareintroubleandneedhelp

C.theycanusemobilestoplaysimplecomputergames

D.mobilephonesenableteenagerstogiveupsmoking

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Becausepeoplehatethebusinessmenusingmobilesinpublicplaces.

B.Becausepeoplefeeltheirprivacyunprotectedinacafeorrestaurant.

C.Becausethereisstrongevidencefortheproblemsofmobiles.

D.Becausetheuseofmobilephonescanbephysicallyharmful.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.WhyAreMobilesSoPopular?

B.Mobiles-UsefulorUseless?

C.Mobiles-ADangertoHealth?

D.WhyDoWeDesignMobiles?

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可定位到文章第一段開頭Whyaremobilessopopular?Becausepeoplelovetotalktoeachother.Anditiseasierwithamobilephone.（為什么手機(jī)如此受歡迎？因?yàn)槿藗兿矚g互相交談。而且用手機(jī)就容易多了。），由此可知手機(jī)受歡迎的原因是手機(jī)會(huì)讓人們的交談變得更容易，所以D選項(xiàng)“人們覺得交談變得更容易”正確。A選項(xiàng)“人們認(rèn)為手機(jī)很有趣”文章并未提及，屬于無中生有；B選項(xiàng)“人們相信手機(jī)是安全的”，干擾源“safe”對(duì)應(yīng)原文第二段開頭，但此處講的是父母給孩子買手機(jī)的原因，而不是手機(jī)受歡迎的原因，屬于張冠李戴；C選項(xiàng)“人們喜歡聽音樂”對(duì)應(yīng)原文第一段段尾“Youcanevenuseamobilephonetolistentomusic.”，但此處與題干問題無關(guān)，不是手機(jī)受歡迎的原因，屬于出處錯(cuò)位。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可定位到文章第一段第四句IncountrieslikeRussiaandChina,peopleusemobilephonesinplaceswherethereisnoordinarytelephone.（在俄羅斯和中國(guó)這樣的國(guó)家，人們?cè)跊]有普通電話的地方使用手機(jī)。），所以C選項(xiàng)“手機(jī)是在沒有普通電話的地方使用的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“一般的電話服務(wù)在任何地方都可以使用”和B選項(xiàng)“比起普通電話，人們更喜歡移動(dòng)電話”文章都沒有提到，屬于無中生有；D選項(xiàng)“人們用手機(jī)發(fā)電子郵件和上網(wǎng)”對(duì)應(yīng)文章第一段第六句Insomecountries,likeJapan,manypeopleusetheirmobilephonestosende-mailmessagesandaccesstheInternet.（在一些國(guó)家，比如日本，很多人用手機(jī)發(fā)送電子郵件和上網(wǎng)。），但此處講的是手機(jī)在日本的使用情況，而不是俄羅斯和中國(guó)，屬于張冠李戴。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段開頭Parentsbuymobilephonesfortheirchildren.Theycancallhomeiftheyareintroubleandneedhelp.（父母為他們的孩子買手機(jī)。如果他們遇到麻煩或需要幫助，他們可以打電話回家。），所以B選項(xiàng)“如果他們遇到麻煩或需要幫助，他們可以打電話回家”正確。A選項(xiàng)“手機(jī)在青少年中很流行”對(duì)應(yīng)第二段的第一句，但是正是因?yàn)樵絹碓蕉嗟母改附o孩子購(gòu)買手機(jī)才使得手機(jī)在青少年中很流行，并不是因?yàn)槭謾C(jī)流行父母才給孩子買手機(jī)，父母的出發(fā)點(diǎn)是為了孩子們的安全考慮，此處屬于偷換概念；C選項(xiàng)“他們可以用手機(jī)玩簡(jiǎn)單的電腦游戲”對(duì)應(yīng)文章第二段第五句Butteenagersmostlyusethemtokeepintouchwiththeirfriendsorplaysimplecomputergames.（但青少年大多使用手機(jī)與朋友保持聯(lián)系或玩簡(jiǎn)單的電腦游戲。），但此處與題干無關(guān)，不是父母給孩子購(gòu)買手機(jī)的原因，屬于出處錯(cuò)位；D選項(xiàng)“手機(jī)使青少年能夠戒煙”對(duì)應(yīng)第二段倒數(shù)第二句Researchshowsthatteenageownersofmobilephonessmokeless.（研究表明，擁有手機(jī)的青少年吸煙更少。），但此句講的是擁有手機(jī)的青少年吸煙更少，并不是說手機(jī)能夠使青少年戒煙，屬于曲解原文。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后一段Butthereisamuchmoreseriousproblem.It’spossiblethatmobilephonecanheatupthebrainbecauseweholdthephonesoclosetoourhead.Scientistsfearthatmobilescanperhapsbebadforyourmemoryandevengiveyoucancer.（但還有一個(gè)更嚴(yán)重的問題。手機(jī)可能會(huì)讓大腦發(fā)熱，因?yàn)槲覀儼咽謾C(jī)拿得離頭部太近了?？茖W(xué)家們擔(dān)心，手機(jī)可能會(huì)損害你的記憶力，甚至?xí)?dǎo)致癌癥。），由此可推斷出更嚴(yán)重的問題是手機(jī)會(huì)影響人們的健康，所以D選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)槭褂靡苿?dòng)電話可能對(duì)身體有害”正確。A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)槿藗冇憛捝倘嗽诠矆?chǎng)所使用手機(jī)”和B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)槿藗冇X得在咖啡館或餐館里沒有隱私保護(hù)”對(duì)應(yīng)文章最后一段的第一、二句“但是很多人不喜歡它們。他們討厭在火車上對(duì)面的商人大聲打電話，或者在咖啡館或餐館里手機(jī)響。”，但此處講的是人們不喜歡手機(jī)的原因，并不是手機(jī)成為一個(gè)更嚴(yán)重問題的原因，所以A選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴；并且這里也沒有提到任何隱私問題，所以B選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；C選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)橛袕?qiáng)有力的證據(jù)證明手機(jī)的問題”文章沒有提到，屬于無中生有。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.主旨大意題。文章開頭就提到了“Whyaremobilessopopular?（為什么手機(jī)如此受歡迎?）”，由此可知文章接下來都是在談手機(jī)受歡迎的原因，所以A選項(xiàng)“為什么手機(jī)如此受歡迎”正確。B選項(xiàng)“手機(jī)有用還是沒用”，文章主要探討的是手機(jī)受歡迎的原因，并不是手機(jī)的用處，屬于無中生有；C選項(xiàng)“手機(jī)危害健康”，文章只在最后一段提到使用手機(jī)會(huì)對(duì)身體造成危害，并不能用來概括整篇文章，屬于以偏概全；D選項(xiàng)“為什么要設(shè)計(jì)手機(jī)”文章并沒有對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)手機(jī)的原因進(jìn)行闡述，屬于無中生有。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.填空題

Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Thereisoneextrachoice,whichdoesnotfitinanyoftheblanks.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

TwotypicalGermanshepherdskeptaspetsinEuropeconsumemoreinayearthantheaveragepersonlivinginBangladesh,accordingtoresearchbysustainabilityexpertsBrendaandRobertValeofVictoriaUniversityinNewZealand.Soaretheworld’senvironmentalillsreallyaresultoftheburgeoningnumberofhumansontheplanet—predictedtoreachatleastninebillionpeopleby2050?Orisitmoreduetothefactthatalthoughthehumanpopulationhasdoubledinthepast50years,wehaveincreasedouruseofresourcesfourfold?

Afterall,theroughly40,000attendeesoftherecentclimateconferenceinCopenhagenproducedmoregreenhousegasemissionsinjusttwoweeksthan600,000Ethiopiansproduceinayear.(41)

AssimplyputbytheUnitedNationsMillenniumEcosystemAssessmentin2005:“HumanactivityisputtingsuchstrainonthenaturalfunctionsofEarththattheabilityoftheplanet’secosystemstosustainfuturegenerationscannolongerbetakenforgranted.”

Andconsumerismisn’tevendeliveringonitsownpromise-abetterlife.“Notonlyisconsumerculturecausingunprecedentedenvironmentalhavoc,itisinmanycasesnotdeliveringthewell-beingforhumanbeingsitissupposedto,”arguedChristopherFlavin,presidentoftheWorldwatchInstituteduringapressconferencelastweektoreleaseitsnewStateoftheWorldreport,“TransformingCultures:FromConsumerismtoSustainability.”(42)

Whatdoeshemeanbyaculturalshift?Well,forexample,achangefromcurrentWesternburialmethods—injectingcorpseswithtoxicchemicals,sealingtheminexpensive,non-degradableboxesthatarethenplantedincemeteriesthatmaintaineternalgreennesswithfertilizersandpesticides—toburyinglovedonesinwaysdesignedtohealfamiliesaswellasthelocalenvironment(andultimatelyturningthesesitesintonaturalreserves).“Twocenturiesofintentionalcultivationofconsumerismhasledustoseeitasperfectlynaturaltoseeourselvesprimarilybywhatandhowweconsume,”arguedErikAssadourian,leadauthorofthereportforWorldwatch,whetherthatbeMcDonald’shamburgersorHummervehicles.

(43)“It’snotaprojectoutofwholenewcloth,”arguedreportco-authorandpoliticalscientistMichaelManiatesofAlleghenyCollegeinPennsylvania.“Therearestrongculturalelementsthattreasurethingslikefrugalityorthrift.Weneedtore-centerconditionsinculturethatcalloutthatwithinusthathasbeensuppressed.”

(44)“Consumerismisnowspreadingaroundtheworld,”Assadourianadded,notingthatChina,amongotherthings,hassurpassedtheU.S.asthelargestmarketfornewcarsaswellasthelargestemitterofgreenhousegases.“Isthisgoingtokeepspreading?Orarecountriesgoingtostartrecognizingthatthisisnotagoodpath?”

Atthesametime,aculturalshiftmayalreadybeunderway,representedbyeffortssuchasthoseinEcuadortoenshrinerightsfor“MotherBarth”inthecountry’sconstitutionorthoseatU.S.-basedcarpetmanufacturerInterfacetocreateaproductthatrequiresusingnothingfromthenaturalworldthatthenaturalworldcannotreplace.

(45)ButperhapslustforthelatestiterationofApplemerchandisecanbereplacedwithwhatserialinventorSaulGriffithscallstheheirloomculture,”productsthatlastforalifetimeorbeyond.“Inessence,thedisposablelifewillbereplacedbyasustainableone,”Assadouriansaid,“aworldwheremachismoisnotconnectedtothesizeofacarbutthefactthatyoudon’thaveoneatall.”

Inotherwords,it’sourconsumer-driveneconomy,stupid.Oh,andtheadvertisers.“Wearenotstupid,we’renotignorant,wedon’tevennecessarilyhavebadvalueswithrespecttotheenvironment,”Maniatesadded.“We’retryingtodoourbestwithinculturalsystemsthatelevateunsustainablechoices.”

Ofcourse,atthesametime,Worldwatchwouldlikeyoutospend$19.95forapaperbackversionofitsreport,or$9.95foraPDForelectronicdocumentforyour(yetanothergadget)Kindle.Switchingawayfromacapitalistethicofconsumerismcontinuestobeeasiersaidthandone.

A.ThekindsofchangesinpolicydiscussedatCopenhagenarealsocriticaland,infact,willgohandinhandwithaculturalshift(fromconsumerismtosustainability.)

B.Noristhisculturalethicofconsumerismconfinedtothedevelopedworld;developingcountriesareadoptingitasaneconomicmodel.

C.ThereforetheClimateConferenceinCopenhagenisessentialfortheworld’sclimateandUNFCCCisputtinghardeffortinmakingthemeetingasuccessendingupwithaCopenhagenProtocoltopreventglobalwarming.

D.Generallyspeaking,however,sucheffortshavebeenswampedthroughouttheworldinarisingtideofconsumerism,especiallysurroundingthelatestelectronicgadgets.

E.TheWorldwatchresearchersidentifysixkeyinstitutionsthatmustbechangedtopromotesustainability:education,business,media,government,socialmovementsandculturaltraditions.

F.Infact,theworld’srichest500millionpeopleproduce50percentofglobalcarbondioxideemissionscomparedtothe6percentproducedbytheworld’spoorest3billion.

【答案】41.F

42.A

43.E

44.B

45.D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.ThekindsofchangesinpolicydiscussedatCopenhagenarealsocriticaland,infact,willgohandinhandwithaculturalshift(fromconsumerismtosustainability.)A.在哥本哈根會(huì)議上討論的政策變化也是至關(guān)重要的，事實(shí)上，它將與文化的轉(zhuǎn)變（從消費(fèi)主義到可持續(xù)發(fā)展）攜手并進(jìn)。

B.Noristhisculturalethicofconsumerismconfinedtothedevelopedworld;developingcountriesareadoptingitasaneconomicmodel.B.這種消費(fèi)主義的文化倫理并不局限于發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家；發(fā)展中國(guó)家正在采用它作為一種經(jīng)濟(jì)模式。

C.ThereforetheClimateConferenceinCopenhagenisessentialfortheworld’sclimateandUNFCCCisputtinghardeffortinmakingthemeetingasuccessendingupwithaCopenhagenProtocoltopreventglobalwarming.C.因此，哥本哈根氣候會(huì)議對(duì)世界氣候至關(guān)重要，聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候變化框架公約（UNFCCC）正在努力使這次會(huì)議成功達(dá)成防止全球變暖的哥本哈根議定書。

D.Generallyspeaking,however,sucheffortshavebeenswampedthroughouttheworldinarisingtideofconsumerism,especiallysurroundingthelatestelectronicgadgets.D.然而，總的來說，這些努力已經(jīng)淹沒在一股消費(fèi)主義的浪潮中，特別是圍繞著最新的電子產(chǎn)品。

E.TheWorldwatchresearchersidentifysixkeyinstitutionsthatmustbechangedtopromotesustainability:education,business,media,government,socialmovementsandculturaltraditions.E.世界觀察組織的研究人員指出，為了促進(jìn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展，必須改變6個(gè)關(guān)鍵機(jī)構(gòu)：教育、商業(yè)、媒體、政府、社會(huì)運(yùn)動(dòng)和文化傳統(tǒng)。

F.Infact,theworld’srichest500millionpeopleproduce50percentofglobalcarbondioxideemissionscomparedtothe6percentproducedbytheworld’spoorest3billion.F.事實(shí)上，世界上最富有的5億人產(chǎn)生了全球50%的二氧化碳排放，而世界上最貧窮的30億人只產(chǎn)生了6%。

41.空格前一句講的是“在哥本哈根舉行的氣候大會(huì)的大約4萬(wàn)名與會(huì)者在短短兩周內(nèi)產(chǎn)生的溫室氣體比埃塞俄比亞60萬(wàn)名與會(huì)者一年產(chǎn)生的溫室氣體還要多”，這是對(duì)溫室氣體排放量的比較，推測(cè)空格處和溫室氣體排放有關(guān)，因此F項(xiàng)正確。

42.空格上一句提到了“文化轉(zhuǎn)變：從消費(fèi)主義到可持續(xù)發(fā)展（TransformingCultures:FromConsumerismtoSustainability.）”，這與A選項(xiàng)完全符合，因此A項(xiàng)正確。

43.根據(jù)空格后馬尼亞茨說的內(nèi)容“這不是一個(gè)全新的項(xiàng)目，這里有強(qiáng)烈的文化元素，珍視節(jié)儉之類的東西?！保瑥闹锌赏茰y(cè)，空格句講到了一個(gè)項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃；結(jié)合上一段提到了世界觀察組織的報(bào)告，所以E選項(xiàng)最符合。因此E項(xiàng)正確。

44.從空格后的內(nèi)容“消費(fèi)主義現(xiàn)在正在世界各地蔓延……中國(guó)已經(jīng)超過美國(guó)，成為最大的新車市場(chǎng)和最大的溫室氣體排放國(guó)”可知，消費(fèi)主義已經(jīng)發(fā)展到世界各地，向發(fā)展中國(guó)家蔓延，B項(xiàng)符合該段意思。因此B項(xiàng)正確。

45.空格上一段講的是在轉(zhuǎn)變消費(fèi)文化上做的努力，而空格后一句的內(nèi)容是“但是，對(duì)最新一代蘋果產(chǎn)品的渴望或許可以被連續(xù)發(fā)明人索爾格里菲斯所說的傳家寶文化所取代，即可以使用一輩子或更久的產(chǎn)品”，其中用到了轉(zhuǎn)折詞but，說明這一句是對(duì)空格句的轉(zhuǎn)折，這一句提到了關(guān)鍵詞“最新蘋果產(chǎn)品”，所以推測(cè)空格處是與之相關(guān)的。因此D項(xiàng)正確。

3.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

確定目的后，原告必須考慮在什么法院起訴最能實(shí)現(xiàn)其目的。他必須在聯(lián)邦法院起訴?在州法院?或兩者可選其一?若在州法院，在哪一州?若在聯(lián)邦法院，該在全國(guó)86個(gè)轄區(qū)中的哪個(gè)區(qū)？在此存在許多考量，有些過于技術(shù)的我們便不在本文中論及。然而，并非所有案件的原告都會(huì)面臨選擇難題。如上所述，有些案件只能在聯(lián)邦法院提起，且事實(shí)上只能在一所特定的聯(lián)邦法院.。

【答案】Aftermakinghisdecision,theplaintiffmustconsiderhowtoselectadequatecourttosue,e.g.thefederalcourt,stateoneorthosearethetwoalternatives.Ifgoingtothestatecourt,heneedthinkaboutchoosingwhich;orthefederalcourt,hehastochooseadistrictfromnational’s86jurisdictions.Becausetherearemanyfactorstobeestimated,itisnotconvenientforustodiscusssomeknowhowsherein.Butnotallplaintiffsshouldbefacedwiththedilemma.Asstated,atypeofcasemaybeheardonlyinthefederalcourt,andinfactonlyinaspecialone.

4.單選題

TheworkersofspaceshuttleDiscoverygotintothebackoftheshuttletolookfor_______intheelectronicsthatsenddatafromthesensorstoonboardcomputers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.glitches

B.suspects

C.orbiters

D.pitches

【答案】A

【解析】glitch失靈，小故障；suspect嫌疑犯；orbiter盤旋物，人造衛(wèi)星；pitch斜度。句意：航天飛機(jī)“發(fā)現(xiàn)者”號(hào)上的工作人員們進(jìn)入飛機(jī)的后部，尋找將數(shù)據(jù)從傳感器發(fā)送到機(jī)載計(jì)算機(jī)上的電子設(shè)備的故障。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

5.單選題

___,Mr.Wellsisscarcelyinsympathywiththeworkingclass.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Althoughheisasocialist

B.Evenifheisasocialist

C.Beingasocialist

D.Sinceheisasocialist

【答案】A

【解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)Althoughheisasocialist“雖然他是一個(gè)社會(huì)主義者”；B選項(xiàng)Evenifheisasocialist“即使他是一個(gè)社會(huì)主義者”；C選項(xiàng)Beingasocialist“作為一個(gè)社會(huì)主義”；D選項(xiàng)Sinceheisasocialist“因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)社會(huì)主義者”。句意：___，威爾斯先生幾乎不同情工人階級(jí)。本句表達(dá)“雖然他是一個(gè)社會(huì)主義者，但是他不同情工人階級(jí)”，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Thesenseofsmellcontrolsourbehaviorinwayswemaybeawareofonlyonanintuitivesubconsciouslevel.Generally,itisoften（1）andtakenforgranted.Butasoneresearchobserved,“Ofallthesenses,nonesurelyisso（2）asthatofsmell,itseffects（3）thepsychologyarebothwideanddeep,atonce（4）andsubtle.”

InEurope,andinFrance（5）,theancientandarcanesemi-scienceofaromatherapyiswidelyacceptedasalmosta（6）discipline.NotsointheUnitedStates,wheretheuseofessentialoils（7）fromherbs,fruits,flowersorotherplantlifehasbeen（8）mainlytocosmetics,massageoilsandskincareemollients.

That’schanging,thankstoanumberofseriousscientificstudiescoupledwithanewtechnologythatisexplodinginJapanandisbeginningtomakesignificantinroadsintheAmericanmarket.Environmentalfragrancing,（9）itisknown,involvesdispensingcomputer-controlledfragrancesinthehomeorworkplaceat（10）timesofthedayforspecificpurposes—tostimulateenergy,toenhancecreativityortosoothefrayednerves.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.overwhelmed

B.overlooked

C.overemphasized

D.overworked

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.trivial

B.mysterious

C.secret

D.delicate

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.upon

B.with

C.into

D.about

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.influential

B.vital

C.enormous

D.obvious

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.inparticular

B.withoutexception

C.inessence

D.beyonddoubt

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.chemical

B.psychological

C.medical

D.physical

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.extracted

B.explored

C.extended

D.expanded

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.used

B.limited

C.made

D.charged

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.what

B.which

C.that

D.as

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.important

B.hard

C.different

D.changeable

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

第6題:C

第7題:A

第8題:B

第9題:D

第10題:C

【解析】1.動(dòng)詞辨析。選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過去分詞形式,與is表被動(dòng)。overwhelm淹沒，壓倒，受打擊；overlook忽略，俯瞰，檢查；overemphasize過分強(qiáng)調(diào)；overwork工作過度?？涨熬湟鉃?我們可能只在直覺的潛意識(shí)層而所知曉,因此推測(cè)此處應(yīng)表示“被忽視”,故選B。

2.形容詞辨析。Trivial不重要的，瑣碎的，瑣細(xì)的；mysterious祌秘的，不可思議的；難解的；secret秘密的，機(jī)密的；delicate微妙的，精美的，易碎的。此處句意為:在所有感官中,嗅覺是最神秘的。

3.固定搭配。effectupon在…方面的影響。

4.形容詞辨析。influential有影響的，有勢(shì)力的；vital至關(guān)重要的，生死攸關(guān)的，有活力的;enormous龐大的，巨大的；obvious明顯的，顯著的。此處句意為:它對(duì)心理學(xué)的影響既廣泛又深刻，既…又微妙。故D符合句意。

5.短語(yǔ)辨析。inparticular尤其，特別;withoutexception無例外地;inessence本質(zhì)上，其實(shí)；beyonddoubt無容置疑，確實(shí)地?？崭袂啊癊urope歐洲”與“France法國(guó)”為包含關(guān)系,所以這里表示“在歐洲,尤其是法國(guó)”,故選A。

6.形容詞辨析。chemical化學(xué)的；psychological心理的，心理學(xué)的，精神上的;medical醫(yī)學(xué)的，藥的，內(nèi)科的；physical物理的，身體的，物質(zhì)的。此處句意為:香熏療法在法國(guó)幾乎被廣泛地認(rèn)為是一種…學(xué)科,因此C符合句意。

7.動(dòng)詞辨析。選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過去分詞形式。extract提取，取出，摘錄，榨?。籩xplore探索，探測(cè)，探險(xiǎn)；extend延仲，仲出；expand擴(kuò)張，使膨脹。此處句意為:精油是從草本、水果、花或其他植物中…而來的。因此A符合句意。

8.動(dòng)詞辨析。選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過去分詞形式表被動(dòng)。use使用，運(yùn)用;limit限制，限定;make使得，制造，形成，安排，構(gòu)成；charge使充電，指責(zé)，索費(fèi)?？崭袂氨硎?在美國(guó)卻不是如此（即香熏療法在美國(guó)不被認(rèn)為是一種醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科）,因此這里句意應(yīng)為:精油的使用主要限制于化妝品等。故選B。

9.固定搭配。asitisknown眾所周知。

10.形容詞辨析。important重要的，有地位的；hard努力的，堅(jiān)硬的，困難的，辛苦的，嚴(yán)厲的，猛烈的；different不同的，個(gè)別的，與眾不同的;changeable無常的，可改變的，易變的?？崭袂盀?在家里或工作場(chǎng)所施與電腦控制的芳香劑，空格后為:去激發(fā)能量、提升創(chuàng)造力或安撫緊張的祌經(jīng),由此可知空格處應(yīng)為“在白天的不同吋間”,故選C。

7.單選題

Intohernineties,herthinking（）acuteandhercharacterforceful.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.remained

B.retained

C.maintained

D.contained

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)remained“保持”；B選項(xiàng)retained“保存”；C選項(xiàng)maintained“維護(hù)”；D選項(xiàng)contained“包含”。句意：雖已年屆九旬，她（）頭腦敏銳，個(gè)性很強(qiáng)。題干的意思是雖然她年紀(jì)很大了，但還是保持清晰的頭腦，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Ⅹ.(IntellectualProperties)

Incaseswhereanominativefairusedefenseisraised,weaskwhether(1)theproductwas“readilyidentifiable”withoutuseofthemark;(2)defendantusedmoreofthemarkthannecessary;or(3)defendantfalselysuggestedhewassponsoredorendorsedbythetrademarkholder.Thistest“evaluatesthelikelihoodofconfusioninnominativeusecases”.It’sdesignedtoaddresstheriskthatnominativeuseofthemarkwillinspireamistakenbeliefonthepartofconsumersthatthespeakerissponsoredorendorsedbythetrademarkholder.Thethirdfactorspeaksdirectlytotheriskofsuchconfusion,andtheothersdosoindirectly:Consumersmayreasonablyinfersponsorshiporendorsementifacompanyusesanunnecessarytrademarkor“more”ofamarkthannecessary.ButifthenominativeusesatisfiesthethreefactorNewKidstest,itdoesn’tinfringe.IfthenominativeusedoesnotsatisfyalltheNewKidsfactors,thedistrictcourtmayorderdefendantstomodifytheiruseofthemarksothatallthreefactorsaresatisfied;itmaynotenjoinnominativeuseofthemarkaltogether.ThedistrictcourtenjoinedtheTabarisfromusing“anyTTTdomainname,servicemark,trademark,tradename,metatagorothercommercialindicationoforiginthatincludesthemarkLEXUS.”Atrademarkinjunction,particularlyoneinvolvingnominativefairuse,canraiseseriousFirstAmendmentconcernsbecauseitcaninterferewithtruthfulcommunicationbetweenbuyersandsellersinthemarketplace.Accordingly,“wemustensurethattheinjunctionistailoredtoeliminateonlythespecificharmalleged.”Toupholdthebroadinjunctionenteredinthiscase,wewouldhavetobeconvincedthatconsumersarelikelytobelieveasiteissponsoredorendorsedbyatrademarkholderwheneverthedomainnamecontainsthestringoflettersthatmakeupthetrademark.Inperformingthisanalysis,ourfocusmustbeonthe“‘reasonablyprudentconsumer’inthemarketplace”.Therelevantmarketplaceistheonlinemarketplace,andtherelevantconsumerisareasonablyprudentconsumeraccustomedtoshoppingonline;thekindofconsumerwhoislikelytovisittheTabaris’websitewhenshoppingforanexpensiveproductlikealuxurycar.Unreasonable,imprudentandinexperiencedwebshoppersarenotrelevant.Theinjunctionhereisplainlyoverbroad—asevenToyota’scounselgrudginglyconcededatoralargument—becauseitprohibitsdomainnamesthatontheirfacedispelanyconfusionastosponsorshiporendorsement.

87.The3factortestfornominativefairuseisNOTdesignedto___.

88.Consumersmayreasonablyinfersponsorshiporendorsementbecause___.

89.Fromtheunderlinedsentence,onecaninferthat___.

90.WhichofthefollowingisNOTnecessaryforthecourttoupholdthebroadinjunctionmadebythelowercourt?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.preventamistakenbeliefthattheuseisendorsedbythetrademarkholder

B.resolvethelikelihoodofconfusioninnominativeuse

C.dealwiththemistakenbeliefbytheconsumers

D.addresstheriskofnominativeuse

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.itisnotnecessaryforacompanytouseatrademark

B.acompanymayusemoremarksthannecessary

C.ofacompany’suseofanunnecessarytrademark

D.itisnecessaryforacompanytouseatrademark

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theFirstAmendmentconcernswithfreedomofspeech

B.atrademarkinjunctioncaninterferewithtruthfulcommunication

C.atrademarkinjunctionalwaysinvolvesnominativefairuse

D.buyersandsellersareinthemarketplace

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Therelevantmarketplaceistheonlinemarketplace.

B.Theunreasonable,imprudentandinexperiencedwebshoppers

C.Theprudentconsumeraccustomedtoshoppingonline

D.ThekindofconsumerwhoislikelytovisittheTabaris’website

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:B

【解析】87.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文Thistest“evaluatesthelikelihoodofconfusioninnominativeusecases”.It’sdesignedtoaddresstheriskthatnominativeuseofthemarkwillinspireamistakenbeliefonthepartofconsumersthatthespeakerissponsoredorendorsedbythetrademarkholder.（這個(gè)測(cè)試“評(píng)估指稱性使用例中混淆的可能性”。它的目的是解決這樣一種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，即商標(biāo)的提名使用會(huì)讓消費(fèi)者誤以為說話者是由商標(biāo)持有人贊助或支持的）可知C選項(xiàng)“處理消費(fèi)者的錯(cuò)誤信念”并不是命名的合理使用的三因素測(cè)試設(shè)計(jì)的目的；A選項(xiàng)“防止錯(cuò)誤地認(rèn)為使用是由商標(biāo)持有人支持的”，B選項(xiàng)“解決指稱性使用混淆的可能性”以及D選項(xiàng)“解決指稱性使用的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”是其測(cè)試涉及的目的。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

88.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文Thethirdfactorspeaksdirectlytotheriskofsuchconfusion,andtheothersdosoindirectly:Consumersmayreasonablyinfersponsorshiporendorsementifacompanyusesanunnecessarytrademarkor“more”ofamarkthannecessary.（第三個(gè)因素直接說明了這種混淆的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，而其他因素則間接說明了這一點(diǎn)：如果一家公司使用了不必要的商標(biāo)或比必要的商標(biāo)“更多”，消費(fèi)者可能會(huì)合理地推斷出贊助或支持）可知選B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)公司可能使用比必要的更多的標(biāo)志”；A選項(xiàng)“公司沒有必要使用商標(biāo)”，C選項(xiàng)“公司使用不必要的商標(biāo)”以及D選項(xiàng)“公司使用商標(biāo)是必要的”不符合原文。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

89.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到劃線句子部分Atrademarkinjunction,particularlyoneinvolvingnominativefairuse,canraiseseriousFirstAmendmentconcernsbecauseitcaninterferewithtruthfulcommunicationbetweenbuyersandsellersinthemarketplace.（一項(xiàng)商標(biāo)禁令，特別是涉及提名的合理使用的禁令，可能會(huì)引起《第一修正案》(FirstAmendment)的嚴(yán)重關(guān)切，因?yàn)樗赡軙?huì)干擾市場(chǎng)上買賣雙方的真實(shí)溝通）可知B選項(xiàng)“商標(biāo)禁令可能干擾真實(shí)溝通”符合原文；A選項(xiàng)“第一修正案涉及言論自由”，C選項(xiàng)“商標(biāo)禁令總是涉及到命名的合理使用”以及D選項(xiàng)“買方和賣方在市場(chǎng)”無法從劃線句子部分推斷出，排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

90.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文Therelevantmarketplaceistheonlinemarketplace,andtherelevantconsumerisareasonablyprudentconsumeraccustomedtoshoppingonline;thekindofconsumerwhoislikelytovisittheTabaris’websitewhenshoppingforanexpensiveproductlikealuxurycar.Unreasonable,imprudentandinexperiencedwebshoppersarenotrelevant.（相關(guān)市場(chǎng)是網(wǎng)絡(luò)市場(chǎng)，相關(guān)消費(fèi)者是習(xí)慣在網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物的合理謹(jǐn)慎的消費(fèi)者；這類消費(fèi)者在購(gòu)買豪華車等昂貴產(chǎn)品時(shí)，可能會(huì)訪問Tabaris的網(wǎng)站。不合理、輕率和缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)的網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物者并不必要）可知選B選項(xiàng)“不合理、輕率和缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)購(gòu)物者”；A選項(xiàng)“相關(guān)的市場(chǎng)是在線市場(chǎng)”，C選項(xiàng)“習(xí)慣網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物的謹(jǐn)慎消費(fèi)者”以及D選項(xiàng)“可能訪問Tabaris網(wǎng)站的消費(fèi)者”不符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Warmaybeanaturalexpressionofbiologicalinstinctsanddrivestowardaggressioninthehumanspecies.Naturalimpulsesofanger,hostility,andterritorialityareexpressedthroughactsofviolence.Theseareallqualitiesthathumanssharewithanimals.Aggressionisakindofinnatesurvivalmechanism,aninstinctforself-preservationthatallowsanimalstodefendthemselvesfromthreatstotheirexistence.But,ontheotherhand,humanviolenceshowsevidenceofbeingalearnedbehavior.Inthecaseofhumanaggression,violencecannotbesimplyreducedtoaninstinct.Themanyexpressionsofhumanviolencearealwaysconditionedbysocialconventionsthatgiveshapetoaggressivebehavior.Inhumansocietiesviolencehasasocialfunction:Itisastrategyforcreatingordestroyingformsofsocialorder.Religioustraditionshavetakenaleadingroleindirectingthepowersofviolence.Wewilllookattheritualandethicalpatternswithinwhichhumanviolencehasbeendirected.

Theviolencewithinasocietyiscontrolledthroughinstitutionsoflaw.