考研考博-英語-上海視覺藝術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-上海視覺藝術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.翻譯題

今諸生學(xué)于太學(xué)(theImperialCollege)，縣官(theroyalcourt)日有廩稍之供，父母歲有裘葛之遺，無凍餒之患矣；坐大廈之下而誦《詩》《書》，無奔走之勞矣；有司業(yè)(DirectorsofStudies)、博士之師，未有問而不告，求而不得者也；凡所宜有之書集于此，不必若余之手錄，假諸人而后見也。其業(yè)有不精，德有不成者，非天質(zhì)之卑，則心不若余之專耳，豈他人之過哉？(5分)

人們?yōu)閴粝攵窢?，正如為財產(chǎn)而斗爭一樣。于是夢想即由幻想的世界走進(jìn)了現(xiàn)實(shí)的世界，而成為了我們生命中的一個真實(shí)力量。夢想無論怎樣模糊，總潛伏在我們心底，使我們的心境永遠(yuǎn)得不到寧靜，直到這些夢想成為事實(shí)為止；像種子在底下一樣，一定要萌芽滋長，伸出地面來，尋找陽光。(4分)

目前是研究在交叉文化與多種文化方面人類的相似性的最好時機(jī)了。差異談得夠多了。強(qiáng)調(diào)我們的差異使我們?nèi)祟惐舜耸柽h(yuǎn)，使我們長久地相互猜疑；在極端的情況下加深我們的分歧使我們彼此否定，失去人性結(jié)果是導(dǎo)致相互殘殺。(3分)

刑事偵破(forensic)科學(xué)家的工作，與其說是迅速和富于洞察力，不如說是更為緩慢，更具有分析性的。但這種方法所展示出的高質(zhì)量與謹(jǐn)慎可由如下事實(shí)得以反映出來：只有少數(shù)案件真正會成為審判室的主要案件。鑒于在預(yù)審中被告所聽到的刑偵證據(jù)之確鑿，他們常常折服于證明他們有罪的有分量的科學(xué)信息，并且在審判還未開始之前就低頭認(rèn)罪。（3分）

【答案】NowadaysmanystudentspursueaneducationintheImperialCollege,theywouldn’tneedtoworryaboutstarvationandcoldnessastheroyalcourtwouldofferthemeverydayfoodforfreeandparentsyourseasonalclothes.Withoutgoingoutside,theyjustsitinthecomfortableroomandreadtheclassicpoemsandhistoricalbooks.WithDirectorsofStudiesandMr.Knowledgebeingtheirteachers,alloftheirquestionsandinquirieswillbesolved.TheCollegehassuchasufficientcollectionofbooksthattheyneedn’tmakehandwrittencopiesafterborrowingbooksfromotherslikeIdidbefore.Iftheymakenoachievementintheirstudyandfailtobeapersonofhighvirtue,itdoesn’tresultfromtheirlearningabilitybuttheirlessdevotion.Itistheirownfault.

Peoplefightfordreamsjustthesameasforwealth.Dreamscomeintotherealityworldfromafantasyone,andbecomeakindofrealforceinourlives.Nomatterhowpuzzlingtheymayseem,dreamshideinourinnerheartssothatwecouldeverfindnopeaceinourmindsuntiltheybecomereality.Likeseedsdeepunderground,dreamssproutandgrowtofindthesun.

Itisthebesttimenowtostudyonhumansimilaritiesincross-cultureandmulti-cultureaspects.Nomoredifferences.Emphasizingthedifferenceskeepsusawayfromeachotherandsuspectseachotherforalongtime.Deepeningourdivergenceswouldresultin,tosomeextremes,ourdoubtstoeverybody,andmakeourhumannaturelost,wemightendupwithcruelkillingamongus.

Ratherthanbeingquickandofgreatinsight,theforensicscientists'workremainsslowandanalytic.Thehighqualityandcarefulnessofthismethod,however,couldbeshownonthefollowingfacts.Onlyafewcaseswouldactuallycometotrial.Thedefendantsareoftenconvincedbytheforensicevidencepresentedinthepre-trials,whicharescientificandimportantenoughtoestablishtheirguilt,andcommittocrimesbeforetrials.admittheircrimesbeforetrials.

2.單選題

Despiteatendencytobeovertly（

）,thepoetryoftheMiddleAgesoftensparkstheimaginationandprovideslivelyentertainment,aswellaspioussentiments.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.diverting

B.whimsical

C.didactic

D.deceitful

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。diverting有趣的，令人快樂的；whimsical古怪的，異想天開的；didactic說教的，教誨的；deceitful欺詐的。句意：盡管趨勢是明顯的說教，但是中世紀(jì)的詩歌經(jīng)常激發(fā)人們想象力，提供生動的樂趣以及虔誠的感情。由despite及下文可知空格處所填的單詞與后文意思相反。

3.單選題

Theapartmenthasbeen（

）sineSmith'smovedout.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.vacant

B.versatile

C.vacuum

D.vain

【答案】A

【解析】vacant空虛的，空缺的，空閑的；versatile多才多藝的，萬能的；vacuum真空的；vain徒勞的，自負(fù)的。句意：自從Smith搬出去后，那套公寓一直空著。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

4.單選題

Herparentswantedtochangehermindsotheytriedto______hertotheirwayofthinking.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.convert

B.alter

C.transfer

D.convey

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)convert“(使)轉(zhuǎn)變，改變”，指改變形式、特性、信仰、觀點(diǎn)等；B選項(xiàng)alter“改變，更改”指部分更改，仍保留本質(zhì)和總體結(jié)構(gòu)；C選項(xiàng)transfer“(使)轉(zhuǎn)移，搬遷，(使)調(diào)動”；D選項(xiàng)convey“表達(dá)，傳遞(思想、感情等)”。根據(jù)指theirwayofthinking可知選A。句意：她的父母想改變她的想法，所以他們試圖讓她轉(zhuǎn)變到他們的思維方式。

5.單選題

Improvedconsumerconfidenceis______toaneconomicrecovery.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.crucial

B.subordinate

C.cumulative

D.satisfactory

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)crucial“重要的；決定性的；定局的；決斷的”；B選項(xiàng)subordinate“從屬的，隸屬的；次要的”；C選項(xiàng)cumulative“累積的”；D選項(xiàng)satisfactory“滿意的；符合要求的；贖罪的”。句意：消費(fèi)者信心的改善對經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇至關(guān)重要。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Thereissupposedtobeasafety______whichmakesitimpossiblefortrainstocollide.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.appliance

B.accessory

C.machine

D.mechanism

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)appliance“器具，器械”，B項(xiàng)accessory“配件，附件”，C項(xiàng)machine“機(jī)械，機(jī)器”，D項(xiàng)mechanism“機(jī)制，原理”。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處應(yīng)該填入一個名詞作which定語從句的先行詞，在從句中充當(dāng)主語，根據(jù)從句的內(nèi)容“使火車不可能相撞”可推斷，空格處填入mechanism“機(jī)制”符合語境。句意：應(yīng)該有一種安全機(jī)制使火車不可能相撞。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

DoyoufindyourselfcheckingFacebookassoonasyouwakeupinthemorning?Evenasyoureadthisarticle,isyourrightindexfingertwitchingonthemouse,justitchingtoclickonsomethingnew?Ifso,welcometothe21stcentury.Withoutevenrealizingit,we’vesignedupforalifeinwhichwe’reallconnected,allthetime.WhetherornotthisisagoodthingisthesubjectofHamlet’sBlackberry,anewbookbyWilliamPowers.

Earlyinthebook,Powersdescribesascenethatshouldstrikemanyasfamiliar:HeisstandingatacrosswalkinthemiddleofManhattan,alongsidefiveoreightotherpeople—allofwhomarestaringintentlyatsomedigitaldevice.“HereIwasinNewYork,themostfantasticcityintheworld—somuchtolookat,toseeandhear,andeverybodyaroundmeessentiallywasn’tpresent,”hesays.

Powersmayquestionthewayweuseourgadgets,buthecertainlydoesn’tcondemnit.Hedoes,however,recognizethedownsideofconstantlybeingfloodedwithnewinformationorwhathecallsthe“conundrumofconnectedness.”

Amongthethingsthatsufferfromouroverconnectedness,Powerssays,arerelationships.“Ifwe’reconstantlytogglingbetweenpeopleonFacebookandtextsandallthesenewwaysofconnectingalldaylong,andweneverhaveasustainedconnection,”Powerssays.“It’ssortoftheoppositeofconnectedness.”

Buthowareweofthe21stcenturysupposedtocopewiththatproblem?Powershasonesuggestionthat’sbothutterlysimpleandalmostimpossibletoimaginefollowing:justdisconnect.Hisfamily,forexample,takesan“InternetSabbath”everyweekend.“Weturnoffthehouseholdmodem,andwedon’thavesmartphonesthewholeweekend.Wecan’tdoWebsurfing.”heexplains.

AccordingtoPowers,thepositiveeffectsofthesetechnologybreaksarefeltlongaftertheweekendsareover.“Evenwhenwe’reconnected,wecanfeelthebenefitsofhavingbeendisconnectedacoupledaysago,”hesays.“It’sjustaboutthatsimpleword,‘balance’”.

Notthathethinksuppluggingyourmodemisnecessarilyeasy.“It’sreallyhardtopullaway.Youhavetoknowwhyyou’redoingit,andreallybelieve”hesays.“WhatI’mabouthereistryingtoconvincepeoplethatit’sworthdoing.”

1.WhatWilliamPowersdescribesinParagraph2（）.

2.Theword“downside”(Para.3)isclosestinmeaningto“（）”.

3.“InternetSabbath”meansthatonthisdaytheauthor’sfamily（）.

4.Theauthorthinksthatthe“InternetSabbath”（）.

5.Thepassageismostlikelya（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.makeslittledifferencetoourlife

B.isacommonphenomenon

C.rarelyhappensinotherplaces

D.iswhathehasbeenlookingfor

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.confusion

B.disadvantage

C.challenge

D.secret

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.usestheInternettocallandtext

B.usestheInternetonlyforpleasure

C.completelystopsusingtheInternet

D.cannotworkwithouttheInternet

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.isreallyworthtaking

B.issuitableformostfamily

C.istoohardforotherstofollow

D.isrelativelyeasytocarryout

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.socialsurvey

B.newsreport

C.technologyupdate

D.bookreview

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。文章第二段主要描述了WilliamPowers在紐約所見到的一個場景。由語段第一句“Powersdescribesascenethatshouldstrikemanyasfamiliar…（鮑爾斯描述了一個很多人都很熟悉的場景……）”可知該現(xiàn)象在日常生活中很常見，A選項(xiàng)在該語段中沒有提到，C選項(xiàng)“在其他地方很少發(fā)生”與第一句“strikemanyasfamiliar（很多人都很熟悉的場景）”不相符，D選項(xiàng)“是他一直在尋找的”與該語段的意思不相符，因此B選項(xiàng)“是一種常見現(xiàn)象”正確。

2.詞意猜測題。Downside“負(fù)面，缺點(diǎn)”，如果不認(rèn)識該單詞，也可從第三段最后一句話中的“conundrumofconnectedness.（連結(jié)性難題）”推斷出鮑爾斯意識到了不斷被新信息淹沒的負(fù)面影響。A選項(xiàng)confusion“混淆，困惑”；C選項(xiàng)challenge“挑戰(zhàn)，考驗(yàn)”；D選項(xiàng)secret“秘密，機(jī)密”，因此B選項(xiàng)“缺點(diǎn)，不利條件”正確。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Weturnoffthehouseholdmodem,andwedon’thavesmartphonesthewholeweekend.Wecan’tdoWebsurfing.”heexplains.（“我們關(guān)掉家用調(diào)制解調(diào)器，整個周末都沒有智能手機(jī)。我們不能上網(wǎng)?！彼忉尩?。）可知“InternetSabbath”表示作者全家這天都不能上網(wǎng)，A選項(xiàng)“使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)打電話和發(fā)短信”不正確；B選項(xiàng)“上網(wǎng)娛樂”不符合原文；D選項(xiàng)“沒有互聯(lián)網(wǎng)而不能工作”原文也沒有提到，因此C選項(xiàng)“完全停止使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)”正確。

4.推理判斷題。文章最后一段有提到“Notthathethinksuppluggingyourmodemisnecessarilyeasy（并不是說他認(rèn)為關(guān)閉調(diào)制解調(diào)器一定很容易）”，可知“InternetSabbath”并不容易；最后一段作者還說到“WhatI’mabouthereistryingtoconvincepeoplethatit’sworthdoing.（我在這里的目的是試圖說服人們，這是值得做的）”。B選項(xiàng)“適合大多數(shù)家庭”原文沒有提到；C選項(xiàng)“對其他人來說很難跟著做”不符合原文意思；D選項(xiàng)“相對容易執(zhí)行”與原文意思相悖；因此A選項(xiàng)“真的值得一試”正確。

5.主旨大意題。文章圍繞威廉?鮑爾斯（WilliamPowers）的新書《哈姆雷特的黑莓》（Hamlet’sBlackberry）展開。作者從第二段“Earlyinthebook”開始就是描述的該書的內(nèi)容。因此這篇文章是一篇書評。A選項(xiàng)“社會調(diào)查”；B選項(xiàng)“新聞報道”；C選項(xiàng)“技術(shù)更新”，都不符合文章大意，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

（）conflictamongcity-statescausedtheeventualdeclineofGreekcivilization.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Continuous

B.Continual

C.Constant

D.Contrary

【答案】B

【解析】句意:城邦之間的持續(xù)沖突導(dǎo)致了希臘文明的最終衰落。

考查形容詞辨析。continuous和continual都有“連續(xù)的，持續(xù)的”意思，但continuous強(qiáng)調(diào)“不間斷”而continual強(qiáng)調(diào)“頻繁，反復(fù)”。Constant不變的，恒定的；contrary相反的，對立的。這里是用來形容城邦間的沖突，故選B。

9.單選題

ThousandsofMedicarepatientswithchronicmedicalconditionshavebeenwrongly（）accesstonecessarycare.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.grudged

B.denied

C.negated

D.invalidated

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。grudge“懷恨”；deny“否認(rèn)，拒絕”；negate“否認(rèn)，無效”，比較正式；invalidate“使無效”。句意：成千上萬患有長期慢性病的醫(yī)保病人沒有得到正確的必要治療。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

10.單選題

Inasense,thenewprotectionismisnotprotectionismatall,atleastnotinthetraditionalsenseoftheterm.Theoldprotectionismreferredonlytotraderestrictingandtradeexpandingdevices,suchasthetarifforexportsubsidy.Thenewprotectionismismuchbroaderthanthis:itincludesinterventionsintoforeigntradebutisnotlimitedtothem.Thenewprotectionism,infact,referstohowthewholeofgovernmentinterventionintotheprivateeconomyaffectsinternationaltrade.Theemphasisontradeisstillthere,thuscametheterm“protection.”Butwhatisnewistherealizationthatvirtuallyallgovernmentactivitiescanaffectinternationaleconomicrelations.

TheemergenceofthenewprotectionismintheWesternworldreflectsthevictoryoftheinterventionist,orwelfareeconomyoverthemarketeconomy.JabTumilerwrites,“Theoldprotectionism...coexisted,withoutanyapparentintellectualdifficultywiththeacceptanceofthemarketasanationalaswellasaninternationaleconomicdistributionmechanism-indeed,protectionistsaswellas(ifnotmorethan)freetradersstoodforlaissezfaire.Now,asinthe1930s,protectionismisanexpressionofaprofoundskepticismastotheabilityofthemarkettodistributeresourcesandincomestosocieties’satisfaction.”Itispreciselythisprofoundskepticismofthemarketeconomythatisresponsiblefortheprotectionism.Inamarketeconomy,economicchangeofvariouscolorsimpliesredistributionofresourcesandincomes.Thesameopinioninmanycommunitiesapparentlyisthatsuchredistributionsoftenarenotproper.Therefore,thegovernmentintervenestobringaboutamoredesiredresult.

ThevictoryofthewelfarestateisalmostcompleteinnorthernEurope.InSweden,Norway,Finland,Denmark,andtheNetherlands,governmentinterventioninalmostallaspectsofeconomicandsociallifeisconsiderednormal.InGreatBritainthisisonlysomewhatlesstrue.GovernmenttraditionallyhasplayedaveryactiveroleineconomiclifeinFranceandcontinuedtodoso.OnlyWestGermanydarestogoagainstthetidetowardsexcessiveinterventionisminWesternEurope.ItalsohappenstobethemostsuccessfulWesternEuropeaneconomy.

ThewelfarestatehasmadesignificantprogressintheUnitedStatesaswellasinWesternEurope.Socialsecurity,unemploymentinsurance,minimumwagelaws,andrentcontrolarebynowtraditionalwelfarestateelementsontheAmericanscene.

1.Thispassageisprimarilyconcernedwithdiscussing______.

2.Theword“virtually”(ParA.1)isclosestinmeaningto______.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTacharacteristicofawelfarestatementionedinthispassage?

4.Whichofthefollowinginferencesistrue,accordingtothispassage?

5.Thepassagesuppliesinformationforansweringwhichofthefollowingquestions?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thedefinitionofthenewprotectionism

B.thedifferencebetweennewandoldprotectionism

C.theemergenceofthenewprotectionismintheWesternworld

D.thesignificanceofthewelfarestate

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.genuinely

B.really

C.nearly

D.particularly

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Freeeducationisavailabletoachild

B.Lawsaremadetofixtheminimumwage

C.Ajoblesspersoncanbeinsured

D.Thereareregulationsforrent

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theeconomydevelopedfasterinwelfarestatesthaninnon-welfarestates

B.Inthe1930s,protectionismbegantorise

C.Thenewprotectionismissocalledmainlybecauseitisthelatest

D.GovernmentplaysamoreactiveroleineconomiclifeinNorthernEuropethaninGreatBritain

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Whendidthenewprotectionismarise

B.WhyisthenewprotectionismsopopularinnorthernEuropeancountries

C.Whydoesthegovernmentinterveneineconomiclife

D.DoestheAmericangovernmentplayamoreactiveroleineconomiclifethantheBritishgovernment

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。通讀全文，可知是“新保護(hù)主義”的出現(xiàn)以及產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。A選項(xiàng)“新保護(hù)主義的定義”過于片面，不符合題意，可排除。B選項(xiàng)“新舊保護(hù)主義的區(qū)別”也是講述了一個方面，也可排除。D選項(xiàng)“福利國家的意義”也不符合題意，可排除，因此C選項(xiàng)“西方新保護(hù)主義的興起”正確。

2.詞義辨析題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段中“therealizationthatvirtuallyallgovernmentactivitiescanaffectinternationaleconomicrelations.”中文翻譯為：幾乎所有政府活動都會影響國際經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)“真誠地；真正地”，B選項(xiàng)“真正地”，C選項(xiàng)“幾乎”，D選項(xiàng)“尤其”。根據(jù)“政府的一切活動都會影響國際經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系”，這句話太過于絕對，可排除A、B選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)與題意不符，也可排除，由此可知C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“awelfarestate”可定位到文中最后兩段，中文翻譯：福利國家的勝利在北歐幾乎已經(jīng)完成。在瑞典、挪威、芬蘭、丹麥和荷蘭，政府對經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會生活幾乎所有方面的干預(yù)都被認(rèn)為是正常的。在英國，這只是稍微有點(diǎn)不真實(shí)。在法國，政府傳統(tǒng)上在經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中扮演著非常積極的角色，并將繼續(xù)這樣做。只有西德膽敢逆著西歐過度干預(yù)主義的潮流而動。它也是最成功的西歐經(jīng)濟(jì)體。福利國家在美國和西歐都取得了重大進(jìn)展。社會保障、失業(yè)保險、最低工資法和租金管制現(xiàn)在都是美國社會的傳統(tǒng)福利要素。A選項(xiàng)“兒童可以接受免費(fèi)教育”不符合上述列表。B選項(xiàng)“最低工資法”、C“失業(yè)者投?！?、D選項(xiàng)“租房有規(guī)定”均符合美國傳統(tǒng)福利要素。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。通讀全文，A選項(xiàng)“福利國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)比非福利國家發(fā)展得更快”，文中并未提及，可排除。B選項(xiàng)“20世紀(jì)30年代，保護(hù)主義開始興起”。與句中“在20世紀(jì)30年代，保護(hù)主義是對市場分配資源和收入以使社會滿意的能力的一種深刻懷疑的表現(xiàn)”不符，也可排除。C選項(xiàng)“所謂新保護(hù)主義，主要是因?yàn)樗亲钚碌摹保斫忮e誤，不符合題意，也可排除。D選項(xiàng)“在北歐，政府在經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中扮演著比英國更積極的角色”，可定位到文中第三段“InSweden,Norway,Finland,Denmark,andtheNetherlands,governmentinterventioninalmostallaspectsofeconomicandsociallifeisconsiderednormal.InGreatBritainthisisonlysomewhatlesstrue.”中文翻譯：在瑞典、挪威、芬蘭、丹麥和荷蘭，政府對經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會生活

幾乎所有方面的干預(yù)都被認(rèn)為是正常的。在英國，這只是稍微有點(diǎn)不真實(shí)?？赏茰y，英國對于經(jīng)濟(jì)的干涉較少。因此可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.主旨大意題。通讀全文，A選項(xiàng)“新的保護(hù)主義是什么時候出現(xiàn)的？”，文章第一段對“新保護(hù)主義的興起”一筆帶過，可排除A選項(xiàng)。B選項(xiàng)“為什么新的保護(hù)主義在北歐國家如此流行？”，理解片面，排除。C選項(xiàng)“政府為什么要干預(yù)經(jīng)濟(jì)生活？”，可定位到文中第一段“Thenewprotectionism,infact,referstohowthewholeofgovernmentinterventionintotheprivateeconomyaffectsinternationaltrade”中文翻譯：新保護(hù)主義指的是政府對私營經(jīng)濟(jì)的整體干預(yù)如何影響國際貿(mào)易。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。D選項(xiàng)“美國政府在經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中的作用是否比英國政府更為積極？”理解片面，可排除。綜上所述，C選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

11.單選題

Indeed,almosteveryscientistnowfindsitisimpossibletoreadalltheworksrelevanttohisownsubject,______extensivelyoutsideofit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.muchmoretoread

B.muchlesstoread

C.muchlessreading

D.stillmorereading

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.muchmoretoread要讀得更多

B.muchlesstoread更不用說去讀

C.muchlessreading更不用說讀D.stillmorereading仍然更多的閱讀

【考查點(diǎn)】比較級的用法。

【解題思路】句子中謂語動詞find的真正賓語是toread…，所以比較成分中同樣要用to的不定式；而muchless為常見用法，表示“更不用說”，符合句子意思。故該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)不符合句子意思，與主句語意相矛盾；

C、D選項(xiàng)中的reading和主句中賓語成分結(jié)構(gòu)不對等。

【句意】事實(shí)上，幾乎每一位科學(xué)家現(xiàn)在都發(fā)現(xiàn)，要讀完與自己學(xué)科相關(guān)的所有著作是不可能的，更不用說廣泛閱讀學(xué)科之外的著作了。

12.單選題

The1982OilandGasActgivespowertopermitthedisposalofassetsheldbytheCorporation,and_______theCorporation’sstatutorymonopolyinthesupplyofgasforfuelpurposessoastopermitprivatecompaniestocompeteinthissupply.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.defers

B.curtails

C.triggers

D.sparks

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“defers”意為“推遲；延期；服從”；B選項(xiàng)“curtails”意為“縮減；剪短；剝奪……特權(quán)”；C選項(xiàng)“triggers”意為“觸發(fā)，引起；開動（裝置）”；D選項(xiàng)“sparks”意為“發(fā)出火花；點(diǎn)燃；導(dǎo)致；求婚”。句意：1982年的《石油和天然氣法案》賦予了允許處理公司持有資產(chǎn)的權(quán)力，并在供應(yīng)天然氣充當(dāng)燃料的目的上，剝奪了公司的法定壟斷特權(quán)，從而允許私人公司在供應(yīng)方面競爭。由題干可知，橫線后是theCorporation’sstatutorymonopoly（公司的法定壟斷特權(quán)）而后文又說到topermitprivatecompaniestocompete（允許私人公司在供應(yīng)方面競爭），由此可以推測出應(yīng)該是剝奪了公司的壟斷特權(quán)，所以私人公司才能在供應(yīng)方面競爭。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.單選題

Onecommonalityoffitnessisthestrongassociationofmilitaryandpoliticalmight[A]withphysicalfitnessthroughoutmankind’sadvancement.Inmanyways,thisshowshow[B]impactingourworldleaderscanbeonhealthandfitness.Themind-bodyconcepthashadatenuousdevelopment.Attimes,someculturesprescribedspiritualityattheexpenseofthebody[C]whereasothers,suchasGreeksociety,[D]upholdtheidealthatasoundmindcanonlybefoundinahealthybody.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.impacting

C.whereas

D.uphold

【答案】D

【解析】考查時態(tài)。Whereas引導(dǎo)的句子與前面是并列關(guān)系，因此D選項(xiàng)處動詞時態(tài)應(yīng)與prescribe保持一致，因此需要將uphold改為upheld。

14.單選題

“ThissuggeststhepossibilitythatatreatmentlikethiscouldbetestedtoseeifitcoulddelaytheonsetofAlzheimer’sdisease,”saidProf.Holtzman.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.spread

B.decline

C.start

D.increase

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)spread“傳播；伸展”；B選項(xiàng)decline“下降；衰退”；C選項(xiàng)start“開始；起點(diǎn)”；D選項(xiàng)increase“增加；增長”。句意：霍爾茨曼教授說：“這表明，有可能對這種治療方法進(jìn)行測試，看看它能否延緩阿爾茨海默氏癥的……?！庇申P(guān)鍵信息treatment“治療”和病癥Alzheimer’sdisease“老年癡呆癥疾病”，其治療目的是為了delay“延遲”。老年癡呆癥是每個人會遇到的問題，無法避免，只能看是否通過治療延緩其開始的時間。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.單選題

Sheworkedhardathertaskbeforeshefeltsurethattheresultswouldlegitimizeherlongeffort.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.justify

B.testify

C.rectify

D.verify

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。legitimize意為“使合法化，證明……為有理（或正當(dāng)）”；justify意為“證明……有理”；testify意為“作證”；rectify意為“改正，校正”；verify意為“核實(shí)，查對”。

句意：她努力做自己的工作，直到確定所得到的結(jié)果可以證明自己長久以來的努力是有理由的。

16.單選題

AfterLosAngeles,AtlantamaybeAmerica’smostcar-dependentcity.Atlantanssentimentallygivetheircarsnames;comparespeedingticketsandjealouslyguardanyside-streetwhereitispossibletopark.Thecity’sroadsaresowellwornthatthefirstactofthenewmayor,ShirleyFranklin,wastostartrepairingpotholes.In1998,13metrocountieslostfederalhighwayfundsbecausetheirair-pollutionlevelsviolatedtheCleanAirAct.TheAmericanHighwayUsersAlliancerankedthreeAtlantainterchangesamongthe18worstbottlenecksinthecountry.

Othercitiesinthesamefixhavereorganizedtheirhighways,imposedcommuterandcartaxes,orexpandedtheirpublic-transportsystems.Atlantadoesnotlikeanyofthesethings.Publictransportisavexedsubject,too.Atlanta’smetropolitanregionisdividedintonumerouscountyandsmallercitygovernments,whichfindithardtoworktogether.Railwaysnowservethecitycenterandtheairport,butnotmuchelse;busstopsareoftennearinvisiblepoles,offeringnoindicationofwhichbusmightstopthere,orwhen.

Georgia’sDemocraticgovernor,RoyBarnes,whohopesforre-electioninNovember,hasotherplans.TowinbackthefederalhighwaymoneylostundertheCleanAirAct,hecreatedtheGeorgiaRegionalTransportationAuthority(GRTA),a15-memberboardwiththepowertomakethecountygovernments,thecityandtheten-countyAtlantaRegionalCommissioncooperateontransportplans,whethertheylikeitornot.

NowGRTAhasissueditsownpreliminaryplan,allocating$4.5billionoverthenextthreeyearsforavarietyofschemes.Theplanearmarksmoneytowidenroads;tohaveanelectricshuttlebusshuttletouristsamongtheelegantvillasofBuckhead;andtocreateacommuterraillinkbetweenAtlantaandMacon,twohourstothesouth.Countieswillbeencouraged,withgenerousten-to-onematchingfunds,tostartexpressbusservices.

Publicgoodwill,however,maynotstretchasfarasthenextplan,whichistobuildtheNorthernArchighwayfor65milesacrossthreecountiesnorthofthecitylimits.GRTAhasallotted$270millionforthis.Supporterssayitwouldeasethecongestiononlocalroads;opponentsthinkitwouldworsenover-developmentandtraffic.Thecountiesaffected,andevenGRTA’sownboard,aredivided.

Thegovernorisinfavor,however,andsincehecanappointandfireGRTA’Smembers,thatisprobablytheendofthestory.Mr.Barneshasatendencytodoashewants,regardless.Hisarroganceontrafficmatterscouldalsolosehimvotes.ButMr.BarnesthinkthatAtlanta’sslowingeconomycoulddohimmoreharmthantheanti-sprawlmovement.

1.Theauthor’spresentationofAtlantans’car-dependenceismeant____.

2.Whichofthefollowingisnotpartofthe“anti-sprawlmovement”asplannedbyGovernorRoyBarnes?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthetext?

4.ItcanbelearntfromthetextthatGeorgia’sGovernorRoyBarnes____.

5.Ineyesofthewriter,thebestsolutiontothetrafficprobleminAtlantaseemstoliein____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobeironic

B.topokefuntothem

C.tobefair

D.tomakeitnotorious

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theconstructionofacommuterraillink.

B.Hissuccessinre-electioninNovember.

C.Theinitiationofshuttlebustransit.

D.Theallocationofmoneytowidenroads.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.ThefederalhighwayfundswerelostundertheCleanAirAct.

B.Thecountygovernmentsshouldbecooperativeontrafficmatters.

C.Atlantansmustabandonbusesandtrainsandbuildmorehighways.

D.Atlantaleavesabadimpressiononvisitorsintermsofitstraffics.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.isintyrannouscontroloftheGRTAboard

B.cutsanimpressivenonconformistimage

C.isboundtowinthere-electioncomingup

D.channelspartoffundstohispersonalassets

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theenforcementoftrafficregulations

B.thechallengetoGovernorBarnes’sarrogance

C.theincreaseofcommuterandcartaxes

D.theimprovementofitspublic-transportsystems

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Theauthor’spresentationofAtlantans’car-dependenceismeant____.作者對亞特蘭大人對汽車的依賴性的描述本意是____。

A.tobeironicA.諷刺的

B.topokefuntothemB.為了取笑他們

C.tobefairC.公平的

D.tomakeitnotoriousD.為了讓它臭名昭著

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第一段第二句“出于感情亞特蘭大人給他們的汽車起名字；通過比較超速罰單，他們小心地守住任何可以停車的小巷。（Atlantanssentimentallygivetheircarsnames;comparespeedingticketsandjealouslyguardanyside-streetwhereitispossibletopark.）”根據(jù)作者用sentimentally（多情地）和jealously（妒忌地；猜疑地）兩詞可以看出作者對亞特蘭大人對汽車依賴的描述是諷刺的。因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B、C、D選項(xiàng)曲解作者意思，屬于曲解原文。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whichofthefollowingisnotpartofthe“anti-sprawlmovement”asplannedbyGovernorRoyBarnes?以下哪項(xiàng)不是羅伊?巴恩斯州長所計劃的“反蔓延運(yùn)動”的一部分？

A.Theconstructionofacommuterraillink.A.通勤鐵路的建造。

B.Hissuccessinre-electioninNovember.B.他在11月成功連任。

C.Theinitiationofshuttlebustransit.C.啟動穿梭巴士過境。

D.Theallocationofmoneytowidenroads.D.用于拓寬道路的撥款。

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到倒數(shù)第三段“這項(xiàng)計劃專門撥款拓寬道路（Theplanearmarksmoneytowidenroads）；有電動穿梭巴士接送游客穿梭于巴克頭優(yōu)雅的別墅之間（tohaveanelectricshuttlebusshuttletouristsamongtheelegantvillasofBuckhead）；以及建立一條亞特蘭大和梅肯之間的通勤鐵路（createacommuterraillink）”。由此可知A、C、D選項(xiàng)均有提及，B選項(xiàng)沒有提及，因此選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A、C、D選項(xiàng)均是計劃的一部分，屬于反向干擾。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthetext?文中沒有提到下列哪項(xiàng)？

A.ThefederalhighwayfundswerelostundertheCleanAirAct.A.聯(lián)邦公路基金因《清潔空氣法》而損失。

B.Thecountygovernmentsshouldbecooperativeontrafficmatters.B.縣政府應(yīng)該在交通問題上合作。

C.Atlantansmustabandonbusesandtrainsandbuildmorehighways.C.亞特蘭大人必須放棄公共汽車和火車，建造更多的高速公路。

D.Atlantaleavesabadimpressiononvisitorsintermsofitstraffics.D.亞特蘭大的交通給游客留下了不好的印象。

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】文中第一段“1998年，13個大都會縣失去了聯(lián)邦公路基金，因?yàn)樗鼈兊目諝馕廴舅竭`反了《清潔空氣法》。（In1998,13metrocountieslostfederalhighwayfundsbecausetheirair-pollutionlevelsviolatedtheCleanAirAct.）”因此選項(xiàng)A提到了；文中第三段“為了贏回因《清潔空氣法》而損失的聯(lián)邦公路資金，他成立了佐治亞州區(qū)域運(yùn)輸局（GRTA），一個由15名成員組成的委員會，有權(quán)讓縣政府、市政府和10個縣的亞特蘭大區(qū)域委員會在運(yùn)輸計劃上進(jìn)行合作（thecityandtheten-countyAtlantaRegionalCommissioncooperateontranspo