考研考博-英語-上饒師范學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-上饒師范學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

AndrewCarnegie,Americanindustrialistandphilanthropist,madeafortunebymanufacturingironandsteelprotectedbycustomtariff.In1873,ononeofhisfrequenttripstoEngland,hemetHenryBessemerandbecameconvincedthattheindustrialfuturelayinsteel.HebuilttheJ.EdgarThomsonsteelMillspearPittsburgh,andfromthatmomenton,theCarnegieEmpirewasoneofconstantexpansion.Lateron,theCarnegieSteelCo.becameanimmenseorganization.ItincludedalltheprocessofsteelproductionfromthegreatfurnacesandfinishingmillsofPittsburghtotheinroadsandlakesteamersthatmovetheoresandthefinishproducts.

Likehisgrandfather,AndrewCarnegiedidnotabandontheradicalidealismofhisforebearsforthebenefitoftheworkingclass.InspiteofhisespousalofHerbertSpencerphilosophyandthesocialDarwinismoftheperiod,CarnegieremaineddeeplycommittedtomanyoftheChartistsidealsofhisboyhood.Hebelievedinthesocialresponsibilityofthemanofwealthtosociety.Hemustsaveasastewardforthefortune;hehasearnedandusedthatfortunetoprovidegreatopportunityforallandtoincreaseman’sknowledgeofhimselfandofhisuniverse.Furthermore,Carnegiebeintheformoffreecharitybutrathermustbeasabuttresstothecommunity’sresponsibilityforitsownpeople.WhenCarnegiediedinLenox,Mass,onAugust11,1919,mostofhisfortunewasalreadygone.PeoplewonderthatifCarnegiehadknownthiswhenhewasalive,hewouldhavespreadmostofhiswealthtothepoorpeople.

1.Carnegiewasabletodevelophisvastindustrialfortunes（

）.

2.Carnegiefollowinghisancestor’sfootsteps（

）.

3.TheindustryCarnegiewasnotconcernedwithwas（

）.

4.Carnegie’stripstoEngland（

）.

5.Whichhappenedfirst?

6.AndrewCarnegie’sPhilanthropicideals（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.withtheactoffiveenterprisesystem

B.throughlargeloansfromtheAmericangovernment

C.becausetheAmericangovernmenthadspecialtariffstoprotecttheAmericansteelandironindustry

D.becausehehadrelativesintheEnglishandindustry

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.bydevelopingalargeindustrialcompany

B.incaringforandimprovingbenefitsfortheworkerandthepoor

C.byfurtheringSpencer’sphilosophy

D.bybeingafollowerofsocialDarwinism

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.themanufacturingofsteel

B.thetransportingofthefinishedproduct

C.themovementofrawmaterials

D.thelumberbusiness

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.werepurelyforpleasureandvisitingrelatives

B.introducedhimtotheCharitistidealswhichwouldinfluencehislife

C.helpedhimgainsteelcontractswithBritishindustrialists

D.ledhimtobelievethattheindustrialfuturewouldbewithsteel

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ThefoundationoftheCarnegieSteelCo.

B.TheintroductionofChartistideals

C.ThefoundationoftheJ.EdgarThomsonSteelmills

D.AndrewCarnegie’stripstoGreatBritain

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.developedfromhisintroductiontosocialDarwinism

B.developedthroughhiseducationunderSpencer

C.developedformtheCharitistidealsofhisboyhood

D.resultedfromunionstrikesandunrestattheCarnegieSteelCompany

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:B

第6題:B

【解析】1.文章第一段第一句AndrewCarnegie,Americanindustrialistandphilanthropist,madeafortunebymanufacturingironandsteelprotectedbycustomtariff.提到安德魯?shù)牡谝煌敖鹗且驗(yàn)殇撹F產(chǎn)業(yè)受到政府的關(guān)稅保護(hù)，所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.文章第二段第一句Likehisgrandfather,AndrewCarnegiedidnotabandontheradicalidealismofhisforebearsforthebenefitoftheworkingclass提到安德魯沒有擯棄祖先留下激進(jìn)的理想主義信念，夢(mèng)想讓工人階級(jí)能從中獲利。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.第一段最后一句ItincludedalltheprocessofsteelproductionfromthegreatfurnacesandfinishingmillsofPittsburghtotheinroadsandlakesteamersthatmovetheoresandthefinishproducts提到了卡內(nèi)基帝國所涉及的一些業(yè)務(wù)，可知并沒有涉及木材生意。所以選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.文章第一段ononeofhisfrequenttripstoEngland,hemetHenryBessemerandbecameconvincedthattheindustrialfuturelayinsteel提到這次旅行讓他相信未來的工業(yè)重心是鋼鐵業(yè)，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.文章第二段CarnegieremaineddeeplycommittedtomanyoftheChartistsidealsofhisboyhood提到致力于成為慈善家的想法是卡內(nèi)基從小男孩時(shí)代就有的，所以這個(gè)是發(fā)生地最早的事，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

6.文章第二段inspiteofhisespousalofHerbertSpencerphilosophyandthesocialDarwinismoftheperiod,CarnegieremaineddeeplycommittedtomanyoftheChartistsidealsofhisboyhood提到由于從小受斯賓塞哲學(xué)和達(dá)爾文主義的影響，卡內(nèi)基從小就有著仁慈的心腸。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.單選題

Analystshavehadtheirgoathumor,andIhavereadsomeofthisinterpretativeliterature,butwithoutbeinggreatlyinstructed.Humorcanbedissected,asafrogcan,butthethingdiesintheprocessandtheinnardsarediscouragingtoanybutthepurescientificmind.

InanewsreeltheatretheotherdayIsawapictureofamanwhohaddevelopedthesoapbubbletoahigherpointthanithadeverbeforereached.HehadbecametheacesoapbubbleblowerofAmerica,hadperfectedthebusinessofblowingbubbles,refinedit,doubledit,squaredit,andhadevenworkedhimselfupintoaconvenientlather.Theeffectwasnotpretty.Someofthebubblesweretoobigtobebeautiful,andtheblowerwasalwaysjumpingintothemoroutofthem,orplayingsomesortofunattractivetrickwiththem.Itwas,ifanything,aratherrepulsivesight.Humorisalittlelikethat:itwon’tstandmuchblowingup,anditwon’tstandmuchpoking.Ithasacertainfragility,anevasiveness,whichonehadbestrespect.Essentially,itisacompletemystery.Ahumanframeconvulsedwithlaughter,andthelaughterbecominghystericalanduncontrollable,isasfaroutofbalanceasoneshakenwiththehiccoughsorinthethroesofasneezingfit.

Oneofthethingscommonlysaidabouthumoristsisthattheyarereallyverysadpeople—clownwithabreakingheart.Thereissometruthinit,butitisbadlystated.Itwouldbemoreaccurate,Ithink,tosaythatthereisadeepveinofmelancholyrunningthrougheveryone’slifeandthatthehumorist,perhapsmoresensibleofitthansomeothers,compensatesforitactivelyandpositively.Humoristsfattenontrouble.Theyhavealwaysmadetroublepay.Theystrugglealongwithagoodwillandendurepaincheerfully,knowinghowwellitwillservetheminthesweetbyandby.Youfindthemwrestlingwithforeignlanguages,fightingfoldingironingboardsandswollendrainpipes,sufferingtheterriblediscomfortoftightboots(orasJoshBillingwittilycalledthem,“tite”boots).Theypourouttheirsorrowsprofitably，inaformthatisnotquitefictionnorquitefacteither.Beneaththesparklingsurfaceofthesedilemmasflowsthestrongtideofhumanwoe.

1.Thecentralthemeofthisessayis:（）

2.ThemainideaofParagraph2is:（）

3.Whydoestheauthorfeelthatwhenhumorisdissected,itdiesintheprocess?（）

4.Theword“melancholy”inParagraph3probablymeans（）.

5.Inhisfinalsentence,theauthorisevokinganimageof（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thereislittlehumorinoldnewsreel.

B.Humorcanbedissectedlikeafrog.

C.Humorisessentiallyamystery,andbecausehumoristsaremoreawareofmelancholy,theyseemsadderthanmostpeople.

D.Humoristsneedtocompensateforthepaintheyhavesuffered.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theauthoroncesawapictureofthelargestsoapbubbleevermade.

B.Thebubbleblowingperformancewasarepulsivesight.

C.Humorisfragile.

D.Laughterisnotameasureofhumor.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thefuninhumorliesinexaminingitscontents.

B.Humormusttantalizethesensesonimpact—ifithastobeexplained,itlosesitseffect.

C.Humorisbestenjoyedbypeoplewithscientificminds.

D.Agoodhumoristshouldexplainhisorherjoketomakesureeveryoneunderstandsit.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.joy

B.sadness

C.hysteria

D.exhilaration

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theocean

B.sparklinggerms

C.hightide

D.flowingwater

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:作者認(rèn)為幽默是生活中的一部分。文章第一段提到了分析師分析幽默的行為。第二段舉了吹肥皂泡的例子，引出幽默的本質(zhì)。最后一段作者提到幽默家并不是真正的快樂。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第2題:文章第二段以吹肥皂泡表演開始，接下來提到humorisalittlelikethat,幽默與吹肥皂泡相似：脆弱而又飄忽不定。作者還認(rèn)為幽默就是一個(gè)謎（Essentially,itisacompletemystery）。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第3題:文章第一段最后一句話提到Humorcanbedissected,asafrogcan,butthethingdiesintheprocessandtheinnardsarediscouragingtoanybutthepurescientificmind，意思就是經(jīng)過剖析后的幽默除了純科學(xué)頭腦，其他人只會(huì)變得沮喪。也就是說經(jīng)過剖析后的幽默斷然無存。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

第4題:題干出現(xiàn)在文章第三段第三句話，后面提到幽默家是靠煩惱致富的，他們能夠從煩惱中獲得補(bǔ)償（Humoristsfattenontrouble.Theyhavealwaysmadetroublepay）。因此melancholy這個(gè)詞應(yīng)該是表示消極意思的詞。選項(xiàng)B與trouble意思相近，所以符合題意。

第5題:文章最后一句Beneaththesparklingsurfaceofthesedilemmasflowsthestrongtideofhumanwoe“在光鮮亮麗的外表下，背后遭罪”，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.單選題

Wearedealingwithtwodifferentperspectivesthat（）,intersect,butdon’tseemtoyieldasynthesis.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.overrun

B.overlap

C.overwork

D.overuse

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我們正在處理有部分重疊、交叉卻似乎不能生成綜合體的兩種不同的透視圖。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。Overrun泛濫，橫行，肆虐，多用(時(shí)間、錢財(cái)?shù)?，超時(shí);overlap部分重疊，部分地同時(shí)發(fā)生;overwork工作過度;overuse使用……過度（或過久）。由題干中關(guān)鍵信息"intersect交叉”可知“部分重疊”符合。

4.單選題

Unlessyouareoneofthosefortunatefewwhomettheirsoul-mateingradeschool,marriedrightoutofhighschool，andspentthenext60yearsinweddedblissyouaregoingtogothroughwhatmillionsbeforeyouhavegonethrough,andwhatmillionsafteryouwillgothrough--abrokenheart.（1）Whilesomesimplyshakethedustoffandgetrightbackintotheelatinggame,othersareleftsodevastatedthattheyneverdateagain,spendingtherestoftheirlifeinbittersolitude.Whythedifference?

Formostofuswhoexperienceabreakupanormalgrievingperiodwilloccur:DenialandIsolation,Anger,Bargaining,Depression,andfinallyAcceptance.（2）Othersremaineitherbitterorsoafraidofgettinghurtthattheyneverdateagain,closingofftheirheartstojustabouteveryone.（3）

Whythevariation?Well,alotofithastodowithourlovingstyle.（4）Whileonepersonmayloveanotherinasupportiveandhealthyway,anotherpersonmayclingontotheirmatesimplyasawaytofixwhattheyimaginetobewrongwiththemselves.Theyusetheirpartnerasamethodofdealingwiththeirownimaginedinadequaciesorfeelingsofunworthiness--feelinggoodonlyaslongastheyareintherelationship.Otherssimplylikethe“high”ofbeinginlove.Thishighbecomesaddictivetothemandtheyhopfromonerelationshipinstantlyintoanotheroftentimeshead-over-heelsinlovebytheseconddate.Stillotherssimplysurrenderthemselvesintotheirrelationshipsquicklylosingthemselvesandtheirownsenseofindividuality,becoming“therelationship.”（5）

Ahealthyviewofoneself,one’spartner,andone’srelationshipisessentialtowithstandingtheups,anddowns,inoureternalsearchforthatspecialsomeonetoshareourliveswith.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Therearemanylovingstylesrangingfromtheveryhealthy,tothedesperatelyneedy.

B.Thepainexperiencedduringabreakupisasindividualasthemillionsofpeoplewhogothroughit.

C.Butforsome,thegriefanddevastationaresoseverethattheyenduphospitalized,andevensuicidal.

D.Theyrecklesslyseek“l(fā)ove”muchasanaddictwillseeka“fix，”andareoftensoinneedofbeinginlovethattheyimaginetheirpartnerstohaveallthequalitiestheyarelookingforinamate——whethertheirpartnersactuallypossessthesequalitiesornot.

E.Shouldtherelationshipend,thenshallthey,too.

F.Yet,somedon’tevengrieveatall,subconsciouslychoosingtosimplytransfertheirfeelingsforonepersonimmediatelyontothatofanotherpersoninwhatiscalledareboundrelationship.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Therearemanylovingstylesrangingfromtheveryhealthy,tothedesperatelyneedy.

B.Thepainexperiencedduringabreakupisasindividualasthemillionsofpeoplewhogothroughit.

C.Butforsome,thegriefanddevastationaresoseverethattheyenduphospitalized,andevensuicidal.

D.Theyrecklesslyseek“l(fā)ove”muchasanaddictwillseeka“fix，”andareoftensoinneedofbeinginlovethattheyimaginetheirpartnerstohaveallthequalitiestheyarelookingforinamate——whethertheirpartnersactuallypossessthesequalitiesornot.

E.Shouldtherelationshipend,thenshallthey,too.

F.Yet,somedon’tevengrieveatall,subconsciouslychoosingtosimplytransfertheirfeelingsforonepersonimmediatelyontothatofanotherpersoninwhatiscalledareboundrelationship.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Therearemanylovingstylesrangingfromtheveryhealthy,tothedesperatelyneedy.

B.Thepainexperiencedduringabreakupisasindividualasthemillionsofpeoplewhogothroughit.

C.Butforsome,thegriefanddevastationaresoseverethattheyenduphospitalized,andevensuicidal.

D.Theyrecklesslyseek“l(fā)ove”muchasanaddictwillseeka“fix，”andareoftensoinneedofbeinginlovethattheyimaginetheirpartnerstohaveallthequalitiestheyarelookingforinamate——whethertheirpartnersactuallypossessthesequalitiesornot.

E.Shouldtherelationshipend,thenshallthey,too.

F.Yet,somedon’tevengrieveatall,subconsciouslychoosingtosimplytransfertheirfeelingsforonepersonimmediatelyontothatofanotherpersoninwhatiscalledareboundrelationship.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Therearemanylovingstylesrangingfromtheveryhealthy,tothedesperatelyneedy.

B.Thepainexperiencedduringabreakupisasindividualasthemillionsofpeoplewhogothroughit.

C.Butforsome,thegriefanddevastationaresoseverethattheyenduphospitalized,andevensuicidal.

D.Theyrecklesslyseek“l(fā)ove”muchasanaddictwillseeka“fix，”andareoftensoinneedofbeinginlovethattheyimaginetheirpartnerstohaveallthequalitiestheyarelookingforinamate——whethertheirpartnersactuallypossessthesequalitiesornot.

E.Shouldtherelationshipend,thenshallthey,too.

F.Yet,somedon’tevengrieveatall,subconsciouslychoosingtosimplytransfertheirfeelingsforonepersonimmediatelyontothatofanotherpersoninwhatiscalledareboundrelationship.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Therearemanylovingstylesrangingfromtheveryhealthy,tothedesperatelyneedy.

B.Thepainexperiencedduringabreakupisasindividualasthemillionsofpeoplewhogothroughit.

C.Butforsome,thegriefanddevastationaresoseverethattheyenduphospitalized,andevensuicidal.

D.Theyrecklesslyseek“l(fā)ove”muchasanaddictwillseeka“fix，”andareoftensoinneedofbeinginlovethattheyimaginetheirpartnerstohaveallthequalitiestheyarelookingforinamate——whethertheirpartnersactuallypossessthesequalitiesornot.

E.Shouldtherelationshipend,thenshallthey,too.

F.Yet,somedon’tevengrieveatall,subconsciouslychoosingtosimplytransfertheirfeelingsforonepersonimmediatelyontothatofanotherpersoninwhatiscalledareboundrelationship.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:F

第4題:A

第5題:E

【解析】（1）空格后一句話提到了不同的人對(duì)待分手的態(tài)度：有的抖抖灰塵，繼續(xù)尋找愛情；有的則”一朝被蛇咬十年怕井繩”，孤獨(dú)一生。Thepainexperiencedduringabreakupisasindividualasthemillionsofpeoplewhogothroughit.這句話說明分手帶來的痛苦因人而異，符合上下文句意。

（2）空格后一句話有一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞Others，由此可推測(cè)空格處的這句話的內(nèi)容是與后面這句話進(jìn)行對(duì)比，因此Butforsome,thegriefanddevastationaresoseverethattheyenduphospitalized,andevensuicidal.符合題意。第二段主要講述了分手后三種不同的表現(xiàn)。

（3）這道題的關(guān)鍵是要推測(cè)第二段的主要內(nèi)容。文章第一句介紹了一般情況：大多數(shù)經(jīng)歷過分手的人來說有一個(gè)正常的悲傷期：否認(rèn)、孤立、憤怒、討價(jià)還價(jià)、沮喪，最后接受。接著提到兩種不同類型的情況——一些人……，其他人……，可以推測(cè)空格處提到的是第三種類型，因此Yet,somedon’tevengrieveatall,subconsciouslychoosingtosimplytransfertheirfeelingsforonepersonimmediatelyontothatofanotherpersoninwhatiscalledareboundrelationship.符合題意。

（4）第三段開始提出一個(gè)疑問：為什么會(huì)有不同的類型？隨后提出是因?yàn)榕c戀愛風(fēng)格有關(guān)?？崭窈筇岬搅瞬煌膽賽埏L(fēng)格。由此可以推測(cè)出空格處需要填入一句引出后面不同戀愛風(fēng)格的話，所以Therearemanylovingstylesrangingfromtheveryhealthy,tothedesperatelyneedy.符合題意。

（5）空格前一句話提到有些人在戀愛的過程中完全失去了自我?？梢酝茰y(cè)隨后會(huì)提到失戀后的結(jié)果。Shouldtherelationshipend,thenshallthey,too.符合題意。

5.單選題

It’sinyourbest（）toquitsmoking,foryouhavesomebreathingproblems.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sake

B.benefit

C.advantage

D.interest

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：戒煙對(duì)你最有利，因?yàn)槟阌幸恍┖粑鼏栴}。beinsb’s(best)interest(s)(todosth)=bethebestthingforsomeone，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

6.翻譯題

當(dāng)中國成為世界上最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)體時(shí)，我們會(huì)有什么感受？答案不用多久就會(huì)揭曉。幾周前國際貨幣基金組織發(fā)布一項(xiàng)報(bào)告指出，中國將會(huì)在五年內(nèi)成為世界第一大經(jīng)濟(jì)體。

隨著中國日益崛起成為超級(jí)經(jīng)濟(jì)大國，一國的財(cái)富與個(gè)人財(cái)富的聯(lián)系正在被打破。中國既比西方國家富有，也比西方國家貧窮，它坐擁3萬億美元的外匯儲(chǔ)備，然而如果按當(dāng)前匯率來計(jì)算，美國的人均財(cái)力是中國的十倍。

美國社會(huì)的相對(duì)富裕正是中國成為世界最大經(jīng)濟(jì)體之時(shí)卻不能成為世界最強(qiáng)國的原因之一。人們習(xí)慣性地把美國當(dāng)成是世界唯一超級(jí)大國，這也讓美國的世界政治主導(dǎo)地位比其經(jīng)濟(jì)地位更加長久。美國在世界各大機(jī)構(gòu)中都有根深蒂固的地位。有一個(gè)很重要的事實(shí)是，聯(lián)合國，國際貨幣基金組織以及世界銀行均坐落于美國。中國由于經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力的崛起而引發(fā)的政治問題，其鄰國的感受最為強(qiáng)烈。日本、南韓和澳大利亞發(fā)現(xiàn)它們的經(jīng)濟(jì)和戰(zhàn)略利益正在日益分歧，這三個(gè)國家都與中國有非常重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系，同時(shí)它們與美國也有相當(dāng)重要的軍事聯(lián)系。但是隨著時(shí)間的推移，中國的不斷增長的經(jīng)濟(jì)力量將會(huì)變得越來越舉足輕重。

【答案】HowwillitfeelwhenChinabecomestheworld’slargesteconomy?Theanswermaybefoundoutquitesoon.Afewweeksago,theInternationalMonetaryFundissuedareportthatChinawouldbenumberonewithinfiveyears.andmoreheavily.

AsChinaemergesasaneconomicsuperpower,theconnectionbetweennationalandpersonalaffluenceisbeingbroken.Chinaisbothricherandpoorerthanthewesternworld.Itissittingonforeignreservesworth$3trillion.Andyet,measuredatcurrentexchangerates,theaverageAmericanisabout10timesaswealthyastheaverageChinese.

TherelativeaffluenceofUSsocietyisonereasonwhyChinawillnotbecometheworld’smostpowerfulcountryonthedaythatitbecomesthelargesteconomy.Theworld’shabitoflookingtotheUSasthe“solesuperpower”alsomakesitlikelythatAmerica’spoliticaldominancewilloutlastitseconomicsupremacy.Americahasanentrenchedpositioninglobalinstitutions.ItmattersthattheUnitedNations,theIMFandtheWorldBankareallsituatedintheUS.

ThepoliticalquestionsraisedbyitseconomicpowerwillbefeltmostacutelyinChina’simmediateneighbourhood.Japan,SouthKoreaandAustralianowfindthattheireconomicandstrategicinterestsarepointingindifferentdirections.AllthreecountrieshavetheirmostimportanteconomicrelationshipwithChina,andtheirmostimportantmilitaryrelationshipwiththeUS.But,overtime,thegrowingeconomicpowerofChinawillweighmoreandmoreheavily.

7.單選題

Ifyouintendusinghumorinyourtalktomakepeoplesmile,youmustknowhowtoidentifysharedexperiencesandproblems.Yourhumormustberelevanttotheaudienceandshouldhelptoshowthemthatyouareoneofthemorthatyouunderstandtheirsituationandareinsympathywiththeirpointofview.Dependingonwhomyouareaddressing,theproblemswillbedifferent.Ifyouaretalkingtoagroupofmanagers,youmayrefertothedisorganizedmethodsoftheirsecretaries;alternativelyifyouareaddressingsecretaries,youmaywanttocommentontheirdisorganizedbosses.

Hereisanexample,whichIheardatanurses’convention,ofastorywhichworkswellbecausetheaudienceallsharedthesameviewofdoctors.AmanarrivesinheavenandisbeingshownaroundbySt.Peter.Heseeswonderfulaccommodations,beautifulgardens,sunnyweather,andsoon.Everyoneisverypeaceful,politeandfriendlyuntil,waitinginalineforlunch,thenewarrivalissuddenlypushedasidebyamaninawhitecoat,whorashestotheheadoftheline,grabshisfoodandstompsovertoatablebyhimself.“Whoisthat?”thenewarrivalaskedSt.Peter.“Oh,that’sGod,”camethereply,“butsometimeshethinkshe’sadoctor.”

Ifyouarepartofthegroupwhichyouareaddressing,youwillbeinapositiontoknowtheexperiencesandproblemswhicharecommontoallofyouandit’llbeappropriateforyoutomakeapassingremarkabouttheinediblecanteenfoodorthechairman’snotoriousbadtasteinties.Withotheraudiencesyoumustn’tattempttocutinwithhumorastheywillresentanoutsidermakingdisparagingremarksabouttheircanteenortheirchairman.YouwillbeonsafergroundifyousticktoscapegoatslikethePostOfficeorthetelephonesystem.

Ifyoufeelawkwardbeinghumorous,youmustpracticesothatitbecomesmorenatural,includeafewcasualandapparentlyoff-the-cuffremarkswhichyoucandeliverinarelaxedandunforcedmanner.Oftenit’sthedeliverywhichcausestheaudiencetosmile,sospeakslowlyandrememberthataraisedeyebroworanunbelievinglookmayhelptoshowthatyouaremakingalight-heartedremark.

Lookforthehumor.Itoftencomesfromtheunexpected.Atwistonafamiliarquote“Ifatfirstyoudon’tsucceed,giveup”oraplayonwordsoronasituation.Searchforexaggerationandunderstatements.Lookatyourtalkandpickoutafewwordsorsentenceswhichyoucanturnaboutandinjectwithhumor.

1.Tomakeyourhumorwork,youshould（）.

2.Thejokeaboutdoctorsimpliesthat,intheeyesofnurses,theyare（）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatpublicservices（）.

4.Toachievethedesiredresult,humorousstoriesshouldbedelivered（）.

5.Thebesttitleforthetextmaybe（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.takeadvantageofdifferentkindsofaudience

B.makefunofthedisorganizedpeople

C.addressdifferentproblemstodifferentpeople

D.showsympathyforyourlisteners

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.impolitetonewarrivals

B.veryconsciousoftheirgodlikerole

C.entitledtosomeprivileges

D.verybusyevenduringlunchhours

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.havebenefitedmanypeople

B.arethefocusofpublicattention

C.areaninappropriatesubjectforhumor

D.haveoftenbeenthelaughingstock

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.inwell-wordedlanguage

B.asawkwardlyaspossible

C.inexaggeratedstatement

D.ascasuallyaspossible

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.UseHumorEffectively

B.VariousKindsofHumor

C.AddHumortoSpeech

D.DifferentHumorStrategies

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.語義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段第一句Ifyouintendusinghumorinyourtalktomakepeoplesmile,youmustknowhowtoidentifysharedexperiencesandproblems.（如果你想在你的談話中使用幽默使人們微笑，你必須知道如何識(shí)別共同的經(jīng)歷和問題。）和第三句Dependingonwhomyouareaddressing,theproblemswillbedifferent.（根據(jù)你的談話對(duì)象，問題會(huì)有所不同。），可知幽默最重要的是討論的問題，并且針對(duì)不同的人要用不同的問題，故C選項(xiàng)“向不同的人提出不同的問題”正確。A選項(xiàng)“利用不同類型的觀眾”和D選項(xiàng)“對(duì)聽眾表示同情”：根據(jù)第一段第二、三句，幽默必須與聽眾相關(guān)，是因?yàn)橛兄谕槁牨姀亩H近聽眾，策略在于談?wù)摰膯栴}。B選項(xiàng)“取笑那些沒有條理的人”：文章沒有提到。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.語義推測(cè)題。A選項(xiàng)impolitetonewarrivals“對(duì)新人無禮”；B選項(xiàng)veryconsciousoftheirgodlikerole“非常清楚他們神一樣的角色”；C選項(xiàng)entitledtosomeprivileges“有權(quán)享有某些特權(quán)”；D選項(xiàng)verybusyevenduringlunchhours“即使在午餐時(shí)間也很忙”。根據(jù)第二段第一句theaudienceallsharedthesameviewofdoctors（所有的聽眾都對(duì)醫(yī)生有相同的看法）和最后一句“Oh,that’sGod,”camethereply“butsometimeshethinkshe’sadoctor.”（“哦，那是上帝，”他回答說，“但有時(shí)他認(rèn)為自己是一名醫(yī)生?！保┛芍?，在護(hù)士眼中，醫(yī)生是神一樣的角色，故B選項(xiàng)“非常清楚他們神一樣的角色”正確。其他選項(xiàng)不符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句it’llbeappropriateforyoutomakeapassingremarkabouttheinediblecanteenfood（你就適合對(duì)餐廳難以下咽的食物開玩笑），可知對(duì)公共服務(wù)開玩笑往往幽默效果很不錯(cuò)，故D選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)常拿來開玩笑”正確，C選項(xiàng)“不合適做幽默主題”錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“使許多人受益”和B選項(xiàng)“是公眾關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)”：文章沒有提到。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.語義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段youmustpracticesothatitbecomesmorenatural…inarelaxedandunforcedmanner…makingalight-heartedremark（你必須練習(xí)到更自然……用一種輕松和自然的方式……輕松愉快地說話），可知幽默需要傳達(dá)出自然和隨意，故D選項(xiàng)“盡可能隨意”正確。A選項(xiàng)“良好措辭”：措辭方面沒有提到。B選項(xiàng)“盡可能尷尬”：根據(jù)第四段第一句，尷尬需要避免，C選項(xiàng)“陳述夸張”：根據(jù)第五段第三句，夸張陳述不是必要條件。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句ifyouintendusinghumorinyourtalktomakepeoplesmile（如果你想在談話間用幽默讓人發(fā)笑），后文通過原則和各種方法在講如何恰當(dāng)?shù)厥谷税l(fā)笑，故A選項(xiàng)“有效運(yùn)用幽默”正確。B選項(xiàng)“各式的幽默”，C選項(xiàng)“為演講增添幽默”，D選項(xiàng)“不同的幽默策略”是其中的一個(gè)方面或者細(xì)節(jié)，不足以概括全文。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Everyyear,onestudentinourhighschoolwinsscholarshipthat（

）oneyearofcollege.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.improves

B.subsidizes

C.obliges

D.inflicts

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。improve意為“提高”；subsidize意為“資助，津貼，行賄”；oblige意為“強(qiáng)制，強(qiáng)迫”；inflict意為“造成，遭受”。

句意：每年，我們學(xué)校都會(huì)有一名學(xué)生獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金作為大學(xué)的津貼。

9.單選題

By（

）computation,heestimatedthattherepairsonthehousewouldcosthimtwothousanddollars.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.coarse

B.rude

C.crude

D.rough

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。coarse“粗糙的”；rude“粗魯?shù)?，無禮的”；crude“粗糙的，天然的”；rough“粗略的，艱苦的”。句意：通過粗略估算，他估計(jì)房子的整修將花費(fèi)兩千美元。D項(xiàng)符合句意，答案D

10.單選題

Thetwocountrieshavedevelopeda（）relationandincreasedagreatdealinforeign

trade.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.managerial

B.lethal

C.metric

D.cordial

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。managerial管理的；lethal致命的；metric米制的，公制的；cordial熱忱的，誠懇的。句意:兩國發(fā)展了（）關(guān)系，對(duì)外貿(mào)易增加了很多。只有cordial符合邏輯和句意。

11.單選題

Yo