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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-中國傳媒大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題
ItissomildandmoistasIsaunteralongbythewalleastoftheHillthatIremember,oranticipate,oneofthosewarm(1)inthespring,whentheearthisjustlaidbare,thewindissouth,andthecladonialichensare
(2)
andlustywithmoisture,yourfootsinkingintothemandpressingthewateroutasfromasponge,andthe
(3)
placesalsoaredrinkingitin.Youwander
(4)
inabeadedcoat,wettotheskinofyourlegs,sitonmoss-cladrocksandstumps,andhearthe
(5)
ofmigratingsparrowsflittingamidtheshruboaks,sitlongatatime,still,andhaveyourthoughts.Arainwhichisassereneasfair
(6)
,suggestingfairerweatherthanwaseverseen.Youcouldhugtheclodsthat
(7)
you.Youfeelthefertilizinginfluenceoftheraininyourmid.Thepartofyouthatiswettestisfullestoflife,—
(8)
thelichens.Youdiscoverevidencesofimmortalitynotknownto
(9)
.
Youceasetodie.Youdetectsomebudsandsproutsoflife.Every
(10)
intheoldrye-fieldisonvirginsoil.
Andthentheraincomesthickerandfasterthanbefore,thawingthe
(11)
frostintheground,detainingthemigratingbird,andturnyourbacktoit,fullofserene,contented
(12)
,soothedbythesteadydroppingonthewitheredleaves,moreathomeforbeingabroad,morecomfortableforbeingwet,sinkingateachstep(13)
intothethawingearth,gladly
(14)
thegrayrottingice.Thedullestsoundsseemsweetlymodulatedbytheair.Youleaveyourtracks
(15)
springrye,scaringthefox-coloredsparrowsalongthewoodsides.Youcannotgohomeyet;youstayandsitintherain.You
(16)
alongthedistantwoodsides,fullofjoyandexpectation,seeing
(17)
beauty,hearingnothingbutmusic,asfreeasthe
(18)
sparrow,seeingfarahead,acourageous
(19),agreatphilosopher,notindebtedtoanyacademyorcollegeforthis
(20),butchieflytotheAprilrain,whichdescendonallalike.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.showers
B.pitfalls
C.blizzards
D.rainstorms
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.swollen
B.springe
C.winded
D.swabbed
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.sunny
B.saggy
C.sandy
D.faddy
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.absolutely
B.indefinitely
C.consequently
D.magnificently
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.vibration
B.murmuring
C.uproar
D.lisping
問題6選項(xiàng)
A.sky
B.weather
C.moisture
D.climates
問題7選項(xiàng)
A.defile
B.deveined
C.doxastic
D.granulate
問題8選項(xiàng)
A.simulateto
B.disliketo
C.like
D.likewise
問題9選項(xiàng)
A.snobbism
B.steals
C.genius
D.divines
問題10選項(xiàng)
A.step
B.press
C.cornerstone
D.episode
問題11選項(xiàng)
A.restraining
B.upstanding
C.demanding
D.remaining
問題12選項(xiàng)
A.believe
B.thought
C.entrust
D.perception
問題13選項(xiàng)
A.deep
B.hovering
C.shadow
D.paraffined
問題14選項(xiàng)
A.disturbedin
B.breakingup
C.interruption
D.breakingthrough
問題15選項(xiàng)
A.perspective
B.inrespectsof
C.infieldsof
D.aspectsof
問題16選項(xiàng)
A.glide
B.slide
C.corroded
D.crush
問題17選項(xiàng)
A.nootherthan
B.nothingbut
C.thereafter
D.withstanding
問題18選項(xiàng)
A.coloroffox
B.foxcolor
C.colorlikefox
D.fox-colored
問題19選項(xiàng)
A.patriot
B.coregency
C.knight
D.armor
問題20選項(xiàng)
A.extravagation
B.expenditure
C.expectation
D.expansion
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:A
第3題:C
第4題:B
第5題:D
第6題:B
第7題:A
第8題:C
第9題:D
第10題:A
第11題:D
第12題:B
第13題:A
第14題:D
第15題:C
第16題:A
第17題:B
第18題:D
第19題:C
第20題:D
【解析】(1)考查名詞辨析shower“陣雨”;pitfall“陷阱;誘惑”;blizzard“暴風(fēng)雪”;rainstorm“暴風(fēng)雨”。由空格后inthespring與sitlongatatime可知D項(xiàng)符合題意。答案D。
(2)考查形容詞詞義辨析。由空格后“yourfootsinkingintothemandpressingthewateroutasfromasponge”“你的腳陷進(jìn)去,像海綿一樣把水?dāng)D出來”可知本句指代“石蕊屬地衣因水分而變得膨脹”,swollen“膨脹的”;springe“用圈套捕捉”;winded“喘氣的;通風(fēng)的”;swab“打掃,擦拭”;故A項(xiàng)正確。答案A。
(3)考查形容詞詞義辨析。由“…alsoaredrinkingitin”“也在吸水”可知C項(xiàng)sandyplaces符合題意。sunny“陽光充足的”;saggy“下垂的;松懈的”;sandy“沙地的,多沙子的”;faddy“流行的”。答案C。
(4)考查副詞詞義辨析。由“inabeadedcoat,wettotheskinofyourlegs穿著一件帶水珠的外套,雨水滲透到自己雙腳的皮膚”可知這里指代“(視覺)模糊地漫步”B項(xiàng)符合題意。absolutely“絕對地”;indefinitely“不確定地,模糊地”;consequently“因此”;magnificently“壯麗地,壯觀地”。答案B。
(5)考查名詞詞義辨析。由空格后“migratingsparrowsflittingamidtheshruboaks”遷徙的麻雀在灌木橡樹間飛來飛去和“haveyourthoughts”有了自己的想法,可知“口齒不清的發(fā)音”更符合語境。vibration“振動;murmuring“輕微連續(xù)的聲音”;uproar“騷動;喧囂”;lisping“口齒不清的發(fā)音,咬舌的”,答案D。
(6)考查名詞詞義辨析。由suggestingfairerweatherthanwaseverseen預(yù)示著比以往任何時候都要晴朗的天氣可知空格處指代“天氣”,答案B。
(7)考查動詞詞義辨析。由“Youcouldhugtheclods你可能擁抱土塊”可知“弄臟”符合語境,defile“污損,染污”;devein“除去(蝦)背部的黑色靜脈,去腸”;doxastic“信念的”;granulate成粒狀;使表面粗糙”。答案A。
(8)考查詞組辨析。由“Thepartofyouthatiswettestisfullestoflife你最濕的部分最有生機(jī)”與“thelichens這些地衣(即吸水而膨脹的地衣)”可知“如同”符合語境,故C項(xiàng)正確。答案C。
(9)考查名詞詞義辨析。由“immortality”與“Youceasetodie”可推知“神學(xué)家”符合語境,snobbism“勢利”;steal“偷竊;斷球”;genius“天才;天賦”;divine“牧師;神學(xué)家”。答案D。
(10)考查名詞詞義辨析。由“asIsaunteralongbythewalleastoftheHill當(dāng)我沿著小山東邊的墻壁溜達(dá)時”可知“腳步”符合語境。step“步驟;步伐”;press“壓;出版社”;cornerstone“基礎(chǔ);地基”;episode“插曲;一段情節(jié)”,答案A
(11)考查形容詞詞義辨析。由Andthentheraincomesthickerandfasterthanbefore“然后雨比以前下得更大更快”與thawing“融合”可知“剩下的”符合語境,restraining“抑制的”;upstanding“正直的;直立的”;demanding“苛求的;費(fèi)力的”;remaining“剩下的”。答案D
(12)考查近義詞辨析。由contented“滿足的”可知thought“想法”符合語境,故B項(xiàng)正確。believe“相信;認(rèn)為”;thought“思想;思考;關(guān)心”;entrust“v.委托;信托”;perception“知覺;感覺;看法”。答案B。
(13)考查形容詞和動詞詞義辨析。由sinking與intothethawingearth進(jìn)入融化的泥土中可知deep“深深地”符合語境。deep“深入地;深深地”;hover“徘徊;猶豫”;shadow“遮蔽;使朦朧”;paraffin“用石蠟處理”。答案A。
(14)考查詞組辨析。disturbin“(在某方面)打擾”;breakup“打碎;結(jié)束;解散”;interruption“中斷;干擾”;breakthrough“突破;沖破”。由第33題的分析“每一個腳步都深深地沉入到正融化的泥土中”與thegrayrottingice可知“突破”更符合語境,答案D
(15)考查詞組辨析。由第一段末句中intheoldrye-field可知C項(xiàng)“infieldsof”正確。perspective“觀點(diǎn);遠(yuǎn)景”;inrespectsof“關(guān)于;涉及”;aspectsof“······的方面”。答案C。
(16)考查動詞詞義辨析。由alongthedistantwoodsides沿著遠(yuǎn)處的樹林的邊緣”可知“滑行”符合語境。glide“滑翔;消逝”;slide“滑動”;corrode“侵蝕;損害”;crush“壓碎;弄皺”。答案A。
(17)考查詞組辨析。nootherthan“只有;就是”;thereafter“其后;從那時以后”;withstanding“抵擋;禁得起;反抗”。由hearingnothingbutmusic可知B項(xiàng)“nothingbut只有”正確。答案B。
(18)考查形近詞詞義辨析。由“fox-coloredsparrows狐色雀鹀”可知D項(xiàng)正確。答案D。
(19)考查名詞詞義辨析。由Youcannotgohomeyet;youstayandsitintherain.和acourageous可知“騎士”符合語境,故C項(xiàng)正確。patriot“愛國者”;coregency“共同攝政”;knight“騎士,爵士”;armor“裝甲”答案C。
(20)考查名詞詞義辨析。由文章主題“春天的一場暴風(fēng)雨讓作者經(jīng)歷了不同的視覺和心理感覺”可知D選項(xiàng)更符合語境,故D項(xiàng)正確。extravagation“游蕩,漫游”;expenditure“支出;消費(fèi)額”;expectation“期待;指望”;expansion“膨脹”。答案D。
2.單選題
Duringtheterroristattacks,theauthoritiesorderedto(
)theworkersandresidentsofhigh-profilebuildingsfromtheconstructions.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.evict
B.evoke
C.evacuate
D.evade
【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。evict“驅(qū)逐;逐出";evoke“喚起;引起”;evacuate“疏散;撤退;排泄”;evade“逃避;逃脫”。句意:恐怖襲擊期間,政府要求疏散建筑物中引人注目的樓房中的工人和居民。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。
3.單選題
Ithoughtthechildren()whenwereturnedhome,buttheywerestillawake.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.hadbeensleeping
B.wouldsleep
C.wouldbesleeping
D.weresleeping
【答案】C
【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句中雖然沒有明顯的虛擬條件句,但通過buttheywerestillawake可知,孩子們在說話人回到家時其實(shí)還沒睡,這種隱含式虛擬條件句一般轉(zhuǎn)化為if引導(dǎo)的條件句,主句用would+動詞原形,而當(dāng)時判斷的是孩子們正在睡覺,因此本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。
4.不定項(xiàng)選擇題
Themostvaluablediamondsarelarge,individualcrystalsofpurecrystallintcarbon.Lessperfectforms,knownas“boars”and“carbonado”areclustersoftinycrystals.Untildiamondsarecutandpolished,theydonotsparklelikethoseyouseeonaring—theyjustlooklikesmall,blue-greystones.
InarathercrudeformthecuttingandpolishingofpreciousstoneswasanartknowntotheAncientEgyptians,andinthemiddleAgesitbecamewidespreadinnorth-westEurope.However,arevolutionarychangeinthemethodsofcuttingandpolishingwasmadein1476whenLudwigVanBerquenofBrugesinBelgiuminventedtheuseofaswiftlyrevolvingwheelwithitsedgefacedwithfinediamondpowder.Thename“boast”isgiventothisfinepowderaswellasthenaturalcrystallinematerialalreadymentioned.Itisalsogimptobadlyflawedorbrokendiamondcrystals,uselessasjewelsthatarebrokenintopowderforgrindingpurposes,theso-called“industrial”diamonds.
Diamonditselfistheonlymaterialhardenoughtocutandpolishdiamonds—thoughrecently,high-intensitylightbeamscalledlasershavebeendevelopedwhichcanboreholesinthem.Itmaybenecessarytosplitorcleavethelargestonesbeforetheyarecutandpolished.
Everydiamondhasanaturallineofcleavage,alongwhichitmaybesplitbyasharpblowwithacuttingedge.Afullycut“brilliant”diamondhas58facets,orfaces,regularlyarranged.Forcuttingorfaceting,thestonesarefixedintocopperholdersandheldagainstawheel,edgedwithamixtureofOilandfinediamonddust,whichisrevolvedatabout2,500revolutionsaminute.AmsterdamandAntwerp,inHollandandBelgiumrespectively,havebeenthecentreofthediamondcuttingandpolishingindustryforoversevencenturies.
Thejewelvalueofbrilliantdiamondsdependsgreatlyontheircolors,or“water”asitiscalled.Theusualcoolersofdiamondsarewhite,yellow,brown,greenorblue.Surroundingrocksandtakeontheircolor,thusblack,redandevenbrightpinkdiamondshaveoccasionallybeenfound.
Thetradeindiamondsisnotonlyinthevaluablegemstonesbutalsointheindustrialdiamondsmentionedabove.Zaireproduces70%ofsuchstones.Theyarefixedintotherockdrillsusedinminingandcivilengineering,alsoforedgingbandsawsforcuttingstone.Diamond-facedtoolsareusedforcuttinganddrillingglassandfineporcelainandfordentists’drills.Theyareusedasbearingsinwatchesandotherfinelybalancedinstruments.Perhapsyouownsomediamondswithoutknowingit—inyourwristwatch!
1.“Carbonado”isthenamegivento().
2.Theartofcuttingandpolishingpreciousstonesremainedcrudeuntil().
3.Duringfaceting,diamondsareheldincopperholders().
4.Thevalueorderofwaterindiamond().
5.Industrialdiamondsareused().
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.onlytheverybestdiamonds
B.lumpsofpurecarbon
C.Spanishdiamonds
D.diamondsmadeupofmanysmallcrystals
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.thefourteenthcentury
B.thefifteenthcentury
C.thesixteenthcentury
D.theseventeenthcentury
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.tofacilitateaccuratecutting
B.tomakethemshinemorebrilliantly
C.sothattheycanrevolvemoreeasily
D.asasteelholdermightdamagethediamond
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.ismoreimportantthantheircolor
B.rangesfromblue-whiteupwards
C.rangesfrombluewhitedownwards
D.hasneverbeenreliablyestablished
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.forawiderangeofpurposes
B.mainlyfordentists’drills
C.fordecorationinringsandwatches
D.principallyinmass-producedjewellery
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:B
第3題:A
第4題:D
第5題:A
【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題?!昂诮饎偸笔怯脕矸Q呼什么的?選項(xiàng)A“僅僅是最好的鉆石”;選項(xiàng)B“純碳團(tuán)”;選項(xiàng)C“西班牙鉆石”;選項(xiàng)D“由小水晶組成的鉆石”,根據(jù)第一段中“Lessperfectforms,knownas‘boars’and‘carbonado’areclustersoftinycrystals.”不那么完美的形式,被稱為“野豬”或者“黑金剛鉆”,是一簇小水晶組成的,所以“黑金剛鉆”指的是小水晶組成的鉆石,故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。
第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。切割和打磨寶石的工藝保持著粗糙直到,選項(xiàng)A“十四世紀(jì)”;選項(xiàng)B“十五世紀(jì)”;選項(xiàng)C“十六世紀(jì)”;選項(xiàng)D“十七世紀(jì)”,第二段首先說了粗糙的切割和打磨鉆石的工藝開始于古埃及,然后“However,arevolutionarychangeinthemethodsofcuttingandpolishingwasmadein1476when...然而切割和打磨鉆石的工藝在1476年發(fā)生了革命性的變化”,所以直到15世紀(jì)這種粗糙的工藝才被革新,故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。
第3題:推理判斷題。在切磨刻面的時候,鉆石用銅架固定,選項(xiàng)A“使切割更精確”;選項(xiàng)B“讓它們發(fā)出更璀璨的光”;選項(xiàng)C“為了讓它們更容易旋轉(zhuǎn)”;選項(xiàng)D“因?yàn)殍F架會損壞鉆石”,選項(xiàng)B和D表達(dá)的內(nèi)容文章沒有提到,且也沒有任何表述暗示,故可以排除;根據(jù)文章第四段中“fixedintocopperholders固定在銅架上”中fixed一詞可知將鉆石固定在銅架上是為了讓其固定,選項(xiàng)C中revolve一詞明顯與此目的不符,所以可以排除;故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A,為了讓其更好的被打磨,從而提高打磨與切割的精確度。
第4題:推理判斷題。鉆石的“水度”價值排序,選項(xiàng)A“比他們的顏色更重要”;選項(xiàng)B“由藍(lán)到白遞增”;選項(xiàng)C“由藍(lán)到白遞減”;選項(xiàng)D“沒有被確定地建立”,文章倒數(shù)第二段中在講述鉆石的顏色的時候并沒有對其價值做出比較與說明,所以可以排除選項(xiàng)B和C;根據(jù)“dependsgreatlyontheircolor,or‘water’asitiscalled…很大程度上取決于它們的顏色,或者所謂的‘水度’”,可以知道顏色和水度其實(shí)是表示的同一種東西,所以它們之間不存在比較,所以選項(xiàng)A錯誤;故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D,并沒有明確的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來鑒定這種價值排序。
第5題:推理判斷題。工業(yè)鉆石被用來,選項(xiàng)A“在很多用途上”;選項(xiàng)B“主要作為牙醫(yī)的鉆子”;選項(xiàng)C“作為戒指和手表的裝飾物”;選項(xiàng)D“主要在大量生產(chǎn)的寶石上”,根據(jù)最后一段中的內(nèi)容“它們被鑲在礦業(yè)和土木工程所用的鑿石器上,也被用在用來切石頭的鋸子邊緣上。鉆石做成的工具被用來切割或者打孔玻璃,細(xì)瓷器,或者用作牙醫(yī)的鉆子。它們被用做手表或者精密儀器的軸承?!边@些內(nèi)容講述的是鉆石的工業(yè)用途,根據(jù)此段內(nèi)容我們可以推斷鉆石的工業(yè)用途有很多,選項(xiàng)B、C和D表達(dá)的內(nèi)容明顯太過局限,故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A。
5.單選題
Allthingsintheuniverseareinterrelatedand()witheachother.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.intervene
B.interfere
C.interrupt
D.interact
【答案】D
【解析】intervene干涉,插入;interfere妨礙,打擾;interrupt闖入,打斷;interact相互影響,相互作用。根據(jù)句意可知,這里指世界上所有的事物都是相互聯(lián)系,相互影響的。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。
6.單選題
Theword“sophism”hasanunfavorableconnotationandmeansarguingdeceitfully,attemptingtoturnapoorcaseintoagoodonebymeansofcleverbut______reasoning.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.implacable
B.queer
C.fictitious
D.specious
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)implacable“不能安撫的,難和解的”,B項(xiàng)queer“奇怪的,異常的”,C項(xiàng)fictitious“虛構(gòu)的,假想的”,D項(xiàng)specious“似是而非的,外表美觀的”。由meansarguingdeceitfully(意思是欺騙性地辯論)和turnapoorcaseintoagoodonebymeansofcleverbut______reasoning(通過聰明但______的推理把一個糟糕的案例變成一個好案例)可知,空格處填入D項(xiàng)符合。句意:“詭辯”這個詞有一個不利的含義,意思是欺騙性地辯論,試圖通過聰明但似是而非的推理把一個糟糕的案例變成一個好案例。因此,該題選擇D項(xiàng)。
7.單選題
U.S.PresidentRonaldReaganhasaconvincingandheart-warmingsmile.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.abewildering
B.apersuasive
C.afactitious
D.anempathetic
【答案】B
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.abewildering一個讓人困惑的(微笑)B.apersuasive一個讓人信服的(微笑)
C.afactitious一個虛假的(微笑)D.anempathetic一個共情的(微笑)
【答案】B
【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接
【解題思路】劃線部分修飾的是smile“微笑”,并且與heart-warming“暖心的;感人的”并列,原詞convincing“令人信服的”,因此,B選項(xiàng)apersuasive“一個讓人信服的(微笑)”最符合原句句意。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)abewildering“一個讓人困惑的(微笑)”,與heart-warming“暖心的;感人的”語義不搭,且不符合原句句意;
C選項(xiàng)afactitious“一個(虛假的)微笑”,與heart-warming“暖心的;感人的”語義不搭,且不符合原句句意;
D選項(xiàng)anempathetic“一個共情的(微笑)”,不符合原句句意。
【句意】美國總統(tǒng)羅納德?里根(RonaldReagan)的笑容令人信服,令人感動。
8.單選題
TheForeignMinistryholdsweeklypressconferencesto()reporters()thelatestdevelopmentindiplomacy.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.confer...upon
B.burden...with
C.fill...inon
D.adjust...to
【答案】C
【解析】固定搭配辨析。fillsB.inon為固定搭配,意為"詳細(xì)告訴某人"。句意:外交部每周舉行新聞發(fā)布會,詳細(xì)向記者介紹外交的最新發(fā)展。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。
9.單選題
Whenglobalwarmingfinallycame,itstuckwithavengeance.Insomeregions,temperaturesroseseveraldegreesinlessthanacentury.Sealevelsshotupnearly400feet,floodingcoastalsettlementsandforcingpeopletomigrateinland.DesertsspreadthroughouttheworldasvegetationshifteddrasticallyinNorthAmerica,EuropeandAsia.Afterdrivingmanyoftheanimalsaroundthemtonearextinction,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflifeforaradicallynewsurvivalstrategythatresultedinwidespreadstarvationanddisease.Theadaptationwasfarming:theglobal-warmingcrisisthatgaverisetoithappenedmorethan10,000yearsago.
AsenvironmentalistsconveneinRiodeJaneirothisweektopondertheglobalclimateofthefuture,earthscientistsareinthemidstofarevolutioninunderstandinghowclimatehaschangedinthepastandhowthosechangeshavetransformedhumanexistence.Researchershavebeguntopiecetogetheranilluminatingpictureofthepowerfulgeologicalandastronomicalforcesthathavecombinedtochangetheplanet’senvironmentfromhottocold,wettodryandbackagainoveratimeperiodstretchingbackhundredsofmillionsofyears.
Mostimportantly,scientistsarebeginningtorealizethattheclimaticchangeshavehadamajorimpactontheevolutionofthehumanspecies.Newresearchnowsuggeststhatclimateshiftshaveplayedakeyroleinnearlyeverysignificantturningpointinhumanevolution:fromthedawnofprimates(靈長目動物)some65millionyearsagotohumanancestorsrisinguptowalkontwolegs,fromthehugeexpansionofthehumanbraintotheriseofagriculture.Indeed,thehumanhistoryhasnotbeenmerelytouchedbyglobalclimatechange,somescientistsargue,ithasinsomeinstancesbeendrivenbyit.
ThenewresearchhasprofoundimplicationsfortheenvironmentalsummitinRio.Amongotherthings,thefindingsdemonstratethatdramaticclimatechangeisnothingnewforplanetEarth.Thebenign(宜人的)globalenvironmentthathasexistedoverthepast10,000years—duringwhichagriculture,writing,citiesandmostotherfeaturesofcivilizationappeared—isamerebrightspotinamuchlargerpatternofwidelyvaryingclimateovertheages.Infact,thepatternofclimatechangeinthepastrevealsthatEarth’sclimatewillalmostcertainlygothroughdramaticchangesinthefuture—evenwithouttheinfluenceofhumanactivity.
1.Farmingemergedasasurvivalstrategybecausemanhadbeenobliged().
2.Earthscientistshavecometounderstandthatclimate().
3.Scientistsbelievethathumanevolution().
4.Evidenceofpastclimaticchangesindicatesthat().
5.Themessagetheauthorwishestoconveyinthepassageisthat().
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.togiveuphisformerwayoflife
B.toleavethecoastalareas
C.tofollowtheever-shiftingvegetation
D.toabandonhisoriginalsettlement
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.isgoingthroughafundamentalchange
B.hasbeengettingwarmerfor10,000years
C.willeventuallychangefromhottocold
D.hasgonethroughperiodicalchanges
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.hasseldombeenaccompaniedbyclimaticchanges
B.hasexertedlittleinfluenceonclimaticchanges
C.haslargelybeenaffectedbyclimaticchanges
D.hadhadamajorimpactonclimaticchanges
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.humanactivitieshaveacceleratedchangesofEarth’senvironment
B.Earth’senvironmentwillremainmilddespitehumaninterference
C.Earth’sclimateisboundtochangesignificantlyinthefuture
D.Earth’sclimateisunlikelytoundergosubstantialchangesinthefuture
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.humancivilizationremainsgloriousthoughitisaffectedbyclimaticchanges
B.mankindisvirtuallyhelplessinthefaceofthedramaticchangesofclimate
C.manhastolimithisactivitiestoslowdowntheglobalwarmingprocess
D.humancivilizationwillcontinuetodevelopinspiteofthechangesofnature
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:D
第3題:C
第4題:C
第5題:B
【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第—段指出:Afterdrivingmanyoftheanimalsaroundthemtonearextinction,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflifeforaradicallynewsurvivalstrategythatresultedinwidespreadstarvationanddisease(在迫使自己周邊的很多動物幾乎絕滅后,人類被迫放棄舊的生活方式而選擇導(dǎo)致大范圍饑荒和疾病的全新生存策略),因此選A:放棄自己向前的生活方式。
2.判斷推理題。第二段指出:Researchershavebeguntopiecetogetheranilluminatingpictureofthepowerfulgeologicalandastronomicalforcesthathavecombinedtochangetheplanet’senvironmentfromhottocold,wettodryandbackagainoveratimeperiodstretchingbackhundredsofmillionsofyears(研究者己開始去拼湊一副有啟示性的圖片,展示了強(qiáng)大的地質(zhì)和天文力量,這些力量共同改變了地球的環(huán)境,從熱到冷,從濕到干,再到幾億年前的某個時期)。由此可知D“已經(jīng)歷階段性的變化”正確。
3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段指出:Indeed,thehumanhistoryhasnotbeenmerelytouchedbyglobalclimatechange,somescientistsargue,ithasinsomeinstancesbeendrivenbyit(一些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為,人類的歷史確實(shí)不僅受全球氣候變化的影響,且在某些情況下還受到它的推動),由此可知C項(xiàng)“很大程度上受氣候變化的影響”正確。
4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。最后一段指出:Infact,thepatternofclimatechangeinthepastrevealsthatEarth’sclimatewillalmostcertainlygothroughdramaticchangesinthefuture—evenwithouttheinfluenceofhumanactivity(事實(shí)上,過去氣候變化的形式顯示,甚至在沒有人類活動影響的情況下,地球的氣候在未來幾乎肯定地會經(jīng)歷急劇變化?!敝狢項(xiàng)“地球的氣候在將來必然會顯著地變化”正確。
5.判斷推理題。最后一段指出:Infact,thepatternofclimatechangeinthepastrevealsthatEarth’sclimatewillalmostcertainlygothroughdramaticchangesinthefuture—evenwithouttheinfluenceofhumanactivity(事實(shí)上,過去氣候變化的形式顯示,甚至在沒有人類活動影響的情況下,地球的氣候在未來幾乎肯定地會經(jīng)歷急劇變化),由此可知作者想要傳遞的信息是:人類在而對氣候的巨大變化吋實(shí)際上是無助的。
10.單選題
We(
)Edison’ssuccesstohisintelligenceandhardwork.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.subject
B.attribute
C.owe
D.refer
【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。subjectto“使服從”;attributeto“把……歸因于”;oweto“歸功于”;referto“參考,涉及”。句意:我們把愛迪生的成功歸因于他的聰明和努力。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。
11.單選題
BecauseChinesesocialtraditionemphasizedthe()oftheindividualtohisbirthplaceandfamily,thosegentrywhoservedinpublicofficewerediscouragedfromconcerningthemselveswiththeirnativelocalities.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.glue
B.feelings
C.separation
D.attachment
【答案】D
【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)glue“膠”;B選項(xiàng)feeling“感覺”;C選項(xiàng)separation“分離”;D選項(xiàng)attachment“連接,聯(lián)系”,attachto“連接到”,為固定搭配。句意:因?yàn)橹袊纳鐣鹘y(tǒng)強(qiáng)調(diào)個人與他的出生地和家庭的連接,所以那些公職人員對于將他們與他們的祖籍……在一起感到很懊喪。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。
12.單選題
Duringthelastwar,andeveninitsfinalstages,thelightsweredimmed,butnot____.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.distinguished
B.disturbed
C.exhibit
D.extinguished
【答案】D
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.distinguished杰出的B.disturbed心煩意亂的
C.exhibit展出D.extinguished熄滅
【答案】D
【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接與形近詞辨析
【解題思路】空格所在部分語義為“燈光變暗了,但沒有____。”D選項(xiàng)extinguished“熄滅”與前文“燈光變暗”語義銜接最緊密。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)distinguished“杰出的”,為extinguished的形近詞,但不符合原句語義銜接;
B選項(xiàng)disturbed“心煩意亂的”,不符合原句語義銜接;
C選項(xiàng)exhibit“展出”,不符合原句語義銜接。
【句意】在上次戰(zhàn)爭期間,甚至在戰(zhàn)爭的最后階段,燈光都變暗了,但并沒有熄滅。
13.單選題
Onweekendsmygrandmausually()aglassofwine.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.subscribesto
B.engagesin
C.indulgesin
D.hangson
【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。A選項(xiàng)subscribeto“訂閱;同意;捐款”;B選項(xiàng)engagein“從事于”;C選項(xiàng)indulgein“沉湎于”;D選項(xiàng)hangon“堅持下去;不掛斷”。句意:周末我奶奶通常……一杯酒。能與“一杯酒”搭配的只有C選項(xiàng)“沉湎于”。
14.單選題
“John's()wasirritating.Hewasreluctanteventobuybread”
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.jealousy
B.soreness
C.luck
D.parsimony
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)后半句Hewasreluctanteventobuybread.(他甚至連買個面包都很不情愿)可知,他是相當(dāng)吝嗇。A選項(xiàng)為“嫉妒”;B選項(xiàng)為“悲傷,痛苦”;C選項(xiàng)為“幸運(yùn)”;D項(xiàng)“吝嗇的,過度節(jié)儉”,因此,D項(xiàng)是正確答案。
15.單選題
Whatthesepeoplewantisa______existence—morefood,bettershelterandpeace.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.rational
B.ambivalent
C.reluctant
D.tolerable
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)rational“合理的,理性的”,B項(xiàng)ambivalent“矛盾的,好惡相克的”,C項(xiàng)reluctant“不情愿的,勉強(qiáng)的”,D項(xiàng)tolerable“可容忍的,容忍的”。由morefood,bettershelterandpeace(更多的食物,更好的住所和和平)可知,空格處是要填入一個褒義詞,B、C項(xiàng)排除;D項(xiàng)不符合語境,只有A項(xiàng)正確。句意:這些人想要的是一種理性的生活:更多的食物,更好的住所和和平。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)。
16.單選題
Ithasbeenknownformanydecadesthattheappearanceofsunspotsisroughlyperiodic,withanaveragecycleofelevenyears.Moreover,theincidenceofsolarflaresandthefluxofsolarcosmicrays,ultravioletradiation,andX-radiationallvarydirectlywiththesunspotcycle.Butaftermorethanacenturyofinvestigation,therelationoftheseandotherphenomena,knowncollectivelyasthesolar-activitycycle,toterrestrialweatherandclimateremainsunclear.Forexample,thesunspotcycleandthealliedmagnetic-polaritycyclehavebeenlinkedtoperiodicitiesdiscernedinrecordsofsuchvariablesasrainfall,temperature,andwinds.Invariably,however,therelationisweak,andcommonlyofdubiousstatisticalsignificance.
Effectsofsolarvariabilityoverlongertermshavealsobeensought.TheabsenceofrecordedsunspotactivityinthenoteskeptbyEuropeanobserversinthelateseventeenthandearlyeighteenthcenturieshasledsomescholarstopostulateabriefcessationofsunspotactivityatthattime(aperiodcalledtheMaunderminimum).TheMaunderminimumhasbeenlinkedtoaspanofunusualcoldinEuropeextendingfromthesixteenthtotheearlynineteenthcenturies.TherealityoftheMaunderminimumhasyettobeestablished.However,especiallysincetherecordsthatChinesenaked-eyeobserversofsolaractivitymadeatthattimeappeartocontradictit.Scientistshavealsosought
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